2024年2月14日发(作者:卜怀蕾)
Word List 16词根、词缀预习表epi-在…中epidemicadj. 流行性的,流传极广的trans-超过;转移;交换transactionn. 交易;业务astro星星catastrophen. 大灾难,灾祸bol抛abolishvt. 彻底废除,废止cre生产discreteadj. 分离的,不相关联的dem人民epidemicadj. 流行性的;流传极广的duct引导deductvt. 扣除,减去fer带来transferv. 搬,转移;调动;转让form形状transformvt. 使改观,改革;变换hibit拿住inhibitvt. 阻止,妨碍;抑制onym名字anonymousadj. 无名的;匿名的orn装饰ornamentn. 装饰品;装饰,点缀pon位置opponentn. 对手,敌手,对抗者pos放opposevt. 反对,反抗scend爬transcendvt. 超越(经验、理性等)的范围stall放installvt. 安装;使就职,任命tempt尝试,考验attemptvt. 尝试;努力tribut给予contributev. 捐献;投稿volv卷involvevt. 使卷入,牵涉;包含toss [tɔs] n. 掷钱币来决定,猛抬头 vt. 扔,抛,掷;
猛抬(头);拌(食品);(打赌等时)掷(钱币);使摇动,使颠簸 vi. 掷钱币来决定;翻来覆去【记】联想记忆:气得我想把老板(boss)扔(toss)出去【考】toss up (打赌等时)掷(钱币)【例】The children tossed the ball to each other. 孩子们把球相互抛来抛去。 // The toss of a coin decided who would go first. 掷钱币决定谁先走。blossom [ˈblɔsəm] n.(尤指果树的)花 vi.(植物)开花;发展,长成【记】联想记忆:花(bloom)中间又开出了两朵s形的花→开花【考】in (full) blossom 正开着花;blossom out/into 发展,长成【例】Their friendship blossomed into a happy love. 他们的友谊成长为了甜蜜的爱情。hospitality [ˌhɔspiˈtæliti] n.(对客人的)友好款待,好客【记】词根记忆:hospi(=ost主人,客人)+tal+ity→(主人对客人的)友好款待;参考:hospital(n. 医院)【题1】I was deeply impressed by the hostess'________and enjoyeddinner party very much. (1999.6)A) hostilityB) indignationC) hospitalityD) humanity
【解】选C。hostility:敌意,敌对;indignation:愤慨,义愤;humanity:人性;人类。【题2】 Giving a gift can convey a wealth of meaning about yourappreciation of their________and the importance you place upon therelationship. (2002.6)A) solidarityB) priorityC) superiorityD) hospitality【解】选D。句意:送一份礼物表达一份你对他们热情款待的深深感谢和你对双方之间友谊的无比珍视。solidarity:团结;priority :优先,优先权;superiority:优越,高傲。tow [təu] n./vt. 拖,拉,牵引【记】联想记忆:拉(tow)弓(bow)【考】in tow (被)拖着,陪伴着【例】If you leave your car there, you might have it towed away by thepolice. 如果你把车停放在这里,恐怕会被警察拖走的。discrete [disˈkriːt] adj. 分离的,不相关联的【记】词根记忆:dis(分离)+cre(生产)+te→分离的【例】The change happens in a series of discrete steps. 这些变化分几步出现并不连贯。soluble [ˈsɔljub(ə)l] adj. 可溶的;可解决的【记】来自solute(n. 溶解物)【例】The problem is not soluble. 这个问题无法解决。foil [fɔil] n. 箔,金属薄片;陪衬,衬托 vt. 挫败,使受挫折【记】联想记忆:土地(soil)是美丽植物的陪衬(foil)【例】Their plan was foiled by the accident. 这场意外使他们的计划失败了。slippery [ˈslipəri] adj. 滑的;狡猾的【例】Though Simon was slippery, he still got caught. 尽管西蒙很狡猾,还是被抓住了。
stock [stɔk] n. 原料;库存品;股本,公债;世系,血统;汤汁;[总称]家畜,牲畜 v. 储备 adj. 常用的,常备的【考】out of stock 脱销【例】the stock market 股票市场 // We stock a wide range of kitchenequipment. 我们备有多种厨房用具。【题】Unfortunately, the new edition of dictionary is________in allmajor bookshops. (2005.12)A) out of reachB) out of stockC) out of businessD) out of season【解】选B。句意:不幸的是,新版字典在各大书店已经脱销了。out of reach:够不着;out of business:破产;out of season:不当令的,淡季的。cavity [ˈkæviti] n. 洞,穴;凹处;龋洞【记】和cave(n. 洞穴)一起记loyal [ˈlɔiəl] adj. 忠诚的,忠心的【记】联想记忆:对皇家的(royal)事情是忠诚的(loyal)【考】be loyal to 忠诚于…【例】Charles has always been such a loyal friend to us all. 查尔斯一直是我们大家忠实的朋友。toxic [ˈtɔksik] adj. 有毒的;因中毒引起的【例】toxic chemicals 有毒化学物质epidemic [ˌepiˈdemik] n. 流行病;流传,盛行 adj. 流
行性的,流传极广的【记】词根记忆:epi(在…中)+dem(人)+ic→在人群中流传的→流行性的【例】In some areas, AIDS has become an epidemic. 在一些地区,艾滋病已经成为流行病。 // an epidemic of flu 流感的盛行anonymous [əˈnɔniməs] adj. 无名的,不具名的;匿名的;无特色的,无个性特征的【记】词根记忆:an(无)+onym(名字)+ous(…的)→无名的,匿名的【例】an anonymous letter 一封匿名信coverage [ˈkʌvəriʤ] n. 新闻报道;覆盖范围【记】来自cover(覆盖)+age(场所)→覆盖范围tract [trækt] n. 传单,小册子;大片(土地或森林)【记】联想记忆:tr(看作try,尝试)+act(行动)→年轻人尝试用发传单的形式唤醒人们对森林的保护→传单;大片(森林)【例】There are large tracts of vacant land near the river, which couldbe used for farming. 河边附近的大片空地可用作耕地。hatch [hæʧ] n.(飞机等的)舱门;(门等的)开口;孵化 vt. 孵出,孵;筹划,图谋,策划 vi.(小鸡等)出壳【记】联想记忆:赢得比赛(match)要有准备和策划(hatch)【考】hatch out (小鸡等)孵出【例】There they hatch their villainies. 在那里,他们谋划着他们的罪恶勾当。 // All the chicks have hatched out. 所有小鸡都出壳了。management [ˈmæniʤmənt] n. 管理;处理;管理部门,管理人员【记】联想记忆:man(人)+age(年纪)+ment→一般管理人员都年龄较长,富有经验【例】China's large and medium-sized state enterprises need toimprove their management right now. 中国的大中型国有企业迫切需要提高其管理水平。
cling [kliŋ] vi. 紧紧抓住(或抱住);黏着,挨近;依附,依恋;坚持,墨守,忠实于【考】cling to 紧紧抓住(或抱住)【题】At the party we found the shy girl________her mother all thetime. (1997.1)A) depending onB) coinciding withC) adhering toD) clinging to【解】选D。depend on:依赖,依靠;coincide with:相符,与…一致;adhere to:粘附;坚持。panic [ˈpænik] n. 恐慌,惊慌,慌乱 v.(使)恐慌,(使)惊慌失措【例】It's important not to panic when driving. 驾驶的时候可不能惊慌。trademark [ˈtreidmɑːk] n. 商标,牌号;特征,标记【记】联想记忆:trade(买卖)+mark(标志)→买卖物品的标志→商标【例】The attention to detail is the director's trademark. 注意细节是导演的特征。opponent [əˈpəunənt] n. 对手,敌手,对抗者【记】词根记忆:op(相反)+pon(位置)+ent(人)→立场不同的人→对手,对抗者【例】Tom taught me how to use an opponent's strength to fight againsthimself. 汤姆教我如何以其人之道还治其人之身。
indignation [ˌindiɡˈneiʃən] n. 愤怒,愤慨,义愤【例】To his indignation, Charles found that his name was not on thelist. 令查尔斯愤慨的是,他的名字没有列在名单上。guarantee [ˌɡærənˈtiː] n. 保证;担保物 vt. 保证,担保【记】联想记忆:guar(看作guard,保卫)+antee→保证;保证物【例】A good education doesn't guarantee a good job. 良好的教育不能保证找到好工作。tragic [ˈtræʤik] adj. 悲惨的,可悲的;悲剧(性)的【记】联想记忆:t+rag(破旧衣服)+ic→穿着破旧衣服的乞丐过着悲惨的生活→悲惨的【例】Hamlet is one of Shakespeare's best known tragedies. 《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚最著名的悲剧之一。controversial [ˌkɔntrəˈvəːʃəl] adj. 引起争论的,有争议的【例】a controversial issue of welfare reform 一个备受争议的福利改革问题trait [treit] n. 特征,特点,特性【记】联想记忆:要根据每位队员的特点(trait)进行训练(train)【例】personality traits 人格特质demonstrate [ˈdemənstreit] vt. 说明,论证;表露【记】词根记忆:de(加强)+monstr(表示)+ate(做)→加强表示→论证【例】We've already demonstrated the fact that we're not cowards. 我们已经证实了我们不是胆小鬼。abolish [əˈbɔliʃ] vt. 彻底废除,废止【记】词根记忆:a+bol(抛)+ish(使)→抛弃,废除参考:polish(v. 磨光,擦亮)
【例】Capital punishment has been abolished. 死刑已被取消了。【题】Slavery was________in Canada in 1233, and Canadianauthorities encouraged the slaves, who escaped from America, to settle on itsvast virgin land. (2005.12)A) dilutedB) dissipatedC) abolishedD) resigned【解】选C。句意:加拿大的奴隶制于1233年被废除,加拿大政府鼓励从美国逃走的奴隶在这片处女地上定居。dilute:冲淡;dissipate:驱散;resign:辞去。possess [pəˈzes] vt. 占用,拥有【例】Children are possessed of powers of imitation naturally. 孩子们天生具有模仿能力。deduct [diˈdʌkt] vt. 扣除,减去【记】词根记忆:de(去掉)+duct(引导)→引导去掉→减去,扣除【例】The employer deducted income tax from the salary. 老板从薪水中扣除了收入所得税。cast [kɑːst] n. 演员表,全体演员;石膏绷带;铸型,铸件;投,抛 vt. 扔;浇铸【例】Her father's illness cast a shadow over the wedding celebrations.父亲的病给她的婚礼庆典蒙上了一层阴影。Easter [ˈiːstə] n.(基督教)复活节intermittent [ˌintəˈmitənt] adj. 间歇的,断断续续的【记】词根记忆:inter(在…中间)+mit(送)+tent→传送过程断断续续的→间歇的,断断续续的【例】The crowd cheered and there were intermittent shout. 人群欢呼雀跃,间或有人尖叫。specific [spiˈsifik] n. [pl.]详情,细节 adj. 特有的;明确的,具体的
【例】the specifics of the lawsuit 法律诉讼的详细信息 // I have a lotof really specific ideas! 我有许多非常具体的想法!oppose [əˈpəuz] vt. 反对,反抗【记】词根记忆:op(相反)+pos(放)+e→摆出相反的姿态→反对,反抗【例】Congress opposed the President's healthcare budget. 议会反对总统的卫生保健预算。extract [iksˈtrækt] vt. 取出,抽出,拔出;提取,提炼,榨取;获得,索取;摘录,抄录[ˈekstrækt] n. 摘录,选段;提取物【记】词根记忆:ex+tract(拉)→拉出→拔出【题1】Scientists are pushing known technologies to their limits in anattempt to________more energy from the earth. (2003.9)A) extractB) injectC) dischargeD) drain【解】选A。句意:科学家正在最大限度地利用现有科技从地球中获取更多的能源。extract:提取;extract from:从…中提取…;inject:注射,注入;discharge:解雇;流出;drain:消耗,排水。【题2】It is one thing to locate oil, but it is quite anotherto________and transport it to the industrial centers. (2003.12)A) permeateB) extractC) distinguishD) concentrate【解】选B。句意:确定石油的位置与将其抽出并运往工业中心是两码事。permeate:透过;distinguish:辨别;concentrate:聚集。commonwealth [ˈkɔmənwelθ] n. [the C-]英联邦;联邦,联合体【记】组合词:common(共同的)+wealth(财富)→财富共有→联合体transaction [trænˈzækʃən] n. 交易;业务
【记】词根记忆:trans(交换)+act(行为)+ion→交易【题1】It will be safer to walk the streets because people will not needto carry large amounts of cash; virtually all financial________will beconducted by computer. (1997.6)A) transactionsB) transmissionsC) transitionsD) transformations【解】选A。句意:由于我们不必携带大量现金,所以还是走路比较安全,而且实际上所有的金融交易都是由电脑来完成的。transmission:传送;transition:转变;transformation:转化,改革。【题2】He attends to the________of important business himself.(1998.6)A) transactionB) transitionC) transmissionD) transformation【解】选A。句意:重要的生意交易由他亲自打点。cabinet [ˈkæbinit] n. 橱,柜;内阁【例】Ellen is the only woman cabinet member. 埃伦是内阁中唯一的女性。ornament [ˈɔːnəmənt] n. 装饰品,点缀品 vt. 装饰,点缀,美化【记】词根记忆:orn(装饰)+ament→装饰(物)【题】The Christmas tree was decorated with shining________such ascolored lights and glass balls. (2001.1)A) ornamentsB) luxuriesC) exhibitsD) complements【解】选A。luxury:奢华;exhibit:展品;complement:补足物。【辨】ornament, adorn, beautify, decorateornament指通过衬托,使之更光彩,用于人或物,例如:You are anornament to our stage.(你是我们舞台上的点缀。);adorn通过装饰使
之锦上添花;beautify常译作“美化”,指外观上的巨大变化;decorate指用图案、颜色、植物等来使面貌焕然一新,有时专指房屋的装修,只用于物。norm [nɔːm] n. 标准,规范;[常pl.]准则【记】本身为词根,意为“标准”contribute [kənˈtribjuːt] v. 捐献,捐款;投稿【记】词根记忆:con+tribute(给予)→捐献【考】contribute to 捐献【例】The volunteers contribute their own time to the project. 志愿者们将自己的时间献给了这项事业。reckon [ˈrekən] vt. 认为,估计;指望,盼望;测算,测量【记】联想记忆:re(又)+ck(一种著名时尚品牌)+on→看见CK没钱买,指望工资快点来→指望,盼望【例】Do you reckon Aaron will agree to see us? 你认为阿伦会同意来看我们吗? // We were reckoning on a profit of about half a million ayear. 我们希望一年的利润能够达到50万。considerate [kənˈsidərit] adj. 考虑周到的,体贴的,体谅的【例】Tom is so considerate of my feelings. 汤姆很能体谅我的感受。ceramic [siˈræmik] n. [pl.]陶瓷器 adj. 陶器的【记】联想记忆:c+era(时代,时期)+mic→古时中国以陶器而闻名
digest [diˈʤest] vt. 消化;领会[daiˈʤest] n. 文摘【记】词根记忆:di(分开)+gest(运)→分开运送→消化;领悟;参考:Reader's Digest《读者文摘》【例】Most babies can digest a wide range of food easily. 大部分婴儿可以很容易消化很多种的食物。transcend [trænˈsend]
性、信念等的)范围vt. 超出,超越(经验、理【记】词根记忆:trans(超过)+(s)cend(爬)→超出,超越【例】The beauty of Linda's songs transcend words and language. 琳达美妙的歌声是无法用言语来表达的。【题】The Beatles, the most famous British band of the 1960s, traveledworldwide for many years,________cultural barriers. (2006.6)A) transportingB) transplantingC) transferringD) transcending【解】选D,transcend:超越。句意:美国二十世纪六十年代最著名的甲壳虫乐队多年环游世界,超越了文化的屏障。transport:传送;transplant:移植;transfer:转移。extravagant [iksˈtrævəɡənt] adj. 奢侈的;过度的,过分的,(言行等)放肆的词源由拉丁文extra(在外)+vagor(游荡)组合而成,意思是“离开正道的”,“游离不定的”,后来转变为“过度的,放肆的”。【例】John was so extravagant that he was always in debt. 约翰奢侈过度以至于一直负债累累。reproach [riˈprəuʧ] n./vt. 责备,批评【记】re(反)+proach(靠近)→不靠近→责备【例】I have nothing to reproach myself. 我没什么好责怪自己的。
transfer [trænsˈfəː] v. 搬,转移;调动,转学;转让,过户;乘车,转乘【记】词根记忆:trans(转移)+fer(带来)→转移【例】Adam has been transferred to the intensive care unit of thehospital. 亚当已经被转入了医院的特别护理病房。retention [riˈtenʃən] n. 保留,保持【记】词根记忆:re(重新)+ten(拿住)+tion→重新拿住→保留,保持【例】Most people are against the retention of the nuclear bomb. 多数人反对保留核弹。snack [snæk] n. 快餐,小吃,点心transform [trænsˈfɔːm] vt. 使改观,使改革;变换,把…转换成【记】词根记忆:trans(改变)+form(形状)→改变形状→把…转换成【例】They were all at once transformed from mere children to grown-up people. 他们一下子从小孩变成了成年人。notation [nəuˈteiʃən] n. 记号,标记法【记】词根记忆:not(标识)+ation→标记法flap [flæp] n. 片状垂悬物(信封的口盖、衣服的袋盖等);飘动,摆动;(翅的)振动;激动,慌忙状态vt. 使拍动,使飘动 vi. 拍动;(鸟)振翅(飞行)【记】联想记忆:f(看作fly,飞)+lap(拍打)→(鸟)振翅(飞行)【题】The wings of the bird still________after it had been shot down.(2000.6)A) slappedB) scratchedC) flappedD) fluctuated【解】选C。slap:拍击,掌击;scratch:抓,擦伤;fluctuate:波
动,动摇。transient [ˈtrænziənt] adj. 短暂的,转瞬即逝的;临时的,暂住的【记】词根记忆:trans(穿过)+ient→时光穿梭,转瞬即逝→短暂的【例】I only had a transient glimpse of him. 我只是迅速地瞥了他一眼。specification [ˌspesifiˈkeiʃən] n. [常pl.]规格,规范;明确说明;(产品等的)说明书【记】来自specific(详细的)+ation→详细说明书【题】The changing image of the family on televisionprovides________into changing attitudes toward the family in society.(1999.1)A) insightsB) presentationsC) revelationsD) specifications【解】选A。句意:电视屏幕中不断变化的家庭的形象反映了现实社会中人门对家庭所持态度的变化。insight:洞察力;presentation:介绍,表达;revelation:显示;specification:规范。attempt [əˈtempt] vt. 尝试,试图;努力【记】词根记忆:at(加强)+tempt(诱惑,考验)→试图引诱别人【例】Ross attempted to clear a place for his coat. 罗斯试图清理出地方来放他的衣服。memorize [ˈmeməraiz] v. 记住,熟记【记】来自memory(n. 记忆)inhibit [inˈhibit] vt. 阻止,妨碍;抑制【记】词根记忆:in(不)+hibit(拿住)→不让拿住→阻碍;抑制【例】Childhood viral infections will inhibit the development of braincells. 童年时期感染病毒将会抑制脑细胞的发展。
carve [kɑːv] vt. 切,把…切碎(或切成片);雕刻,刻【考】carveout 创(业),发(财);carve up 分割,瓜分【例】I have tried to carve it in wood. 我已经试着把它雕在了木头上。empirical [emˈpirikəl] adj. 以经验(或观察)为依据的;经验主义的,经验的【记】参考:empire(n. 帝国,帝权)【例】I find no empirical evidence to support this argument. 我没有找到经验证据来支持这个观点。relay [ˈriːlei] n. 接力赛;中继转播(设备)[riːˈlei] vt. 传送;传达,转述;中继转播【记】词根记忆:re(重新)+lay(放置)→重新放置→转播【例】Billy quickly relayed this news to the other members of staff. 比利很快就把这则消息告诉了其他员工。 // You need to relay your signal.你需要转播你的信号。install [inˈstɔːl] vt. 安装,设置;使就职,任命【记】词根记忆:in(进入)+stall(放)→放进去→安装,设置【例】They've installed the new computer network at last. 他们最终安装了新的计算机网络。cereal [ˈsiəriəl] n. 加工而成的谷类食物;谷类植物,谷物
【记】联想记忆:ce+real(真正的)→真正的健康食品→谷类食物【例】The cereal is considered as the green food in recent years. 近年来,谷类食物被认为是健康食品。ignore [iɡˈnɔː] vt. 不顾,不理;忽视【记】联想记忆:ig+nore(看作nose,鼻子)→翘起鼻子不理睬【例】Henry got up to shake hands with her, but she ignored him. 亨利起身与她握手,但是她没搭理亨利。catastrophe [kəˈtæstrəfi] n. 大灾难,灾祸【记】词根记忆:cat(看作cad,落下)+astro(星星)+phe→星星坠落,大难临头【例】If the contract is cancelled, it'll be a catastrophe for everyoneconcerned. 如果合同被取消,那么对于每个相关的人来说都是一场灾难。float [fləut] v.(使)浮动,(使)漂浮;(使)飘动【例】The boat floated on the placid water of the lake. 小船漂浮在平静的湖面上。 // I looked up at the clouds floating in the sky. 我仰望着天空中飘动的云朵。transistor [trænˈzistə] n. 晶体管,晶体管收音机【记】词根记忆:trans(变换,转移)+ist+or(人,物)→晶体管将信号变换为图像或声音metallic [miˈtælik] adj. 金属的,金属制的;有金属特性的,像金属的【记】来自metal(n. 金属)
transit [ˈtrænzit] n. 运输,载运【记】词根记忆:trans(转移)+it→转移它的地点→运输,载运【考】in transit 在运输中,在途中【例】We are building mass transit systems. 我们正在建造大运量客运系统。involve [inˈvɔlv] vt. 使卷入,牵涉;包含,含有【记】词根记忆:in(使…)+volve(卷)→使卷入,涉及【例】These changes will involve everyone on the staff. 这些改变会牵涉每位员工。specialty [ˈspeʃəlti] n. 特产,名产;特色菜;专业,专长【记】来自special(adj. 专门的)Only those who have the patience to do simple things perfectly ever acquirethe skill to do difficult things easily.只有有耐心圆满完成简单工作的人,才能够轻而易举地完成困难的事。——德国剧作家、诗人 席勒(Friedrich Schiller, German dramatist andpoet)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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2024年2月14日发(作者:卜怀蕾)
Word List 16词根、词缀预习表epi-在…中epidemicadj. 流行性的,流传极广的trans-超过;转移;交换transactionn. 交易;业务astro星星catastrophen. 大灾难,灾祸bol抛abolishvt. 彻底废除,废止cre生产discreteadj. 分离的,不相关联的dem人民epidemicadj. 流行性的;流传极广的duct引导deductvt. 扣除,减去fer带来transferv. 搬,转移;调动;转让form形状transformvt. 使改观,改革;变换hibit拿住inhibitvt. 阻止,妨碍;抑制onym名字anonymousadj. 无名的;匿名的orn装饰ornamentn. 装饰品;装饰,点缀pon位置opponentn. 对手,敌手,对抗者pos放opposevt. 反对,反抗scend爬transcendvt. 超越(经验、理性等)的范围stall放installvt. 安装;使就职,任命tempt尝试,考验attemptvt. 尝试;努力tribut给予contributev. 捐献;投稿volv卷involvevt. 使卷入,牵涉;包含toss [tɔs] n. 掷钱币来决定,猛抬头 vt. 扔,抛,掷;
猛抬(头);拌(食品);(打赌等时)掷(钱币);使摇动,使颠簸 vi. 掷钱币来决定;翻来覆去【记】联想记忆:气得我想把老板(boss)扔(toss)出去【考】toss up (打赌等时)掷(钱币)【例】The children tossed the ball to each other. 孩子们把球相互抛来抛去。 // The toss of a coin decided who would go first. 掷钱币决定谁先走。blossom [ˈblɔsəm] n.(尤指果树的)花 vi.(植物)开花;发展,长成【记】联想记忆:花(bloom)中间又开出了两朵s形的花→开花【考】in (full) blossom 正开着花;blossom out/into 发展,长成【例】Their friendship blossomed into a happy love. 他们的友谊成长为了甜蜜的爱情。hospitality [ˌhɔspiˈtæliti] n.(对客人的)友好款待,好客【记】词根记忆:hospi(=ost主人,客人)+tal+ity→(主人对客人的)友好款待;参考:hospital(n. 医院)【题1】I was deeply impressed by the hostess'________and enjoyeddinner party very much. (1999.6)A) hostilityB) indignationC) hospitalityD) humanity
【解】选C。hostility:敌意,敌对;indignation:愤慨,义愤;humanity:人性;人类。【题2】 Giving a gift can convey a wealth of meaning about yourappreciation of their________and the importance you place upon therelationship. (2002.6)A) solidarityB) priorityC) superiorityD) hospitality【解】选D。句意:送一份礼物表达一份你对他们热情款待的深深感谢和你对双方之间友谊的无比珍视。solidarity:团结;priority :优先,优先权;superiority:优越,高傲。tow [təu] n./vt. 拖,拉,牵引【记】联想记忆:拉(tow)弓(bow)【考】in tow (被)拖着,陪伴着【例】If you leave your car there, you might have it towed away by thepolice. 如果你把车停放在这里,恐怕会被警察拖走的。discrete [disˈkriːt] adj. 分离的,不相关联的【记】词根记忆:dis(分离)+cre(生产)+te→分离的【例】The change happens in a series of discrete steps. 这些变化分几步出现并不连贯。soluble [ˈsɔljub(ə)l] adj. 可溶的;可解决的【记】来自solute(n. 溶解物)【例】The problem is not soluble. 这个问题无法解决。foil [fɔil] n. 箔,金属薄片;陪衬,衬托 vt. 挫败,使受挫折【记】联想记忆:土地(soil)是美丽植物的陪衬(foil)【例】Their plan was foiled by the accident. 这场意外使他们的计划失败了。slippery [ˈslipəri] adj. 滑的;狡猾的【例】Though Simon was slippery, he still got caught. 尽管西蒙很狡猾,还是被抓住了。
stock [stɔk] n. 原料;库存品;股本,公债;世系,血统;汤汁;[总称]家畜,牲畜 v. 储备 adj. 常用的,常备的【考】out of stock 脱销【例】the stock market 股票市场 // We stock a wide range of kitchenequipment. 我们备有多种厨房用具。【题】Unfortunately, the new edition of dictionary is________in allmajor bookshops. (2005.12)A) out of reachB) out of stockC) out of businessD) out of season【解】选B。句意:不幸的是,新版字典在各大书店已经脱销了。out of reach:够不着;out of business:破产;out of season:不当令的,淡季的。cavity [ˈkæviti] n. 洞,穴;凹处;龋洞【记】和cave(n. 洞穴)一起记loyal [ˈlɔiəl] adj. 忠诚的,忠心的【记】联想记忆:对皇家的(royal)事情是忠诚的(loyal)【考】be loyal to 忠诚于…【例】Charles has always been such a loyal friend to us all. 查尔斯一直是我们大家忠实的朋友。toxic [ˈtɔksik] adj. 有毒的;因中毒引起的【例】toxic chemicals 有毒化学物质epidemic [ˌepiˈdemik] n. 流行病;流传,盛行 adj. 流
行性的,流传极广的【记】词根记忆:epi(在…中)+dem(人)+ic→在人群中流传的→流行性的【例】In some areas, AIDS has become an epidemic. 在一些地区,艾滋病已经成为流行病。 // an epidemic of flu 流感的盛行anonymous [əˈnɔniməs] adj. 无名的,不具名的;匿名的;无特色的,无个性特征的【记】词根记忆:an(无)+onym(名字)+ous(…的)→无名的,匿名的【例】an anonymous letter 一封匿名信coverage [ˈkʌvəriʤ] n. 新闻报道;覆盖范围【记】来自cover(覆盖)+age(场所)→覆盖范围tract [trækt] n. 传单,小册子;大片(土地或森林)【记】联想记忆:tr(看作try,尝试)+act(行动)→年轻人尝试用发传单的形式唤醒人们对森林的保护→传单;大片(森林)【例】There are large tracts of vacant land near the river, which couldbe used for farming. 河边附近的大片空地可用作耕地。hatch [hæʧ] n.(飞机等的)舱门;(门等的)开口;孵化 vt. 孵出,孵;筹划,图谋,策划 vi.(小鸡等)出壳【记】联想记忆:赢得比赛(match)要有准备和策划(hatch)【考】hatch out (小鸡等)孵出【例】There they hatch their villainies. 在那里,他们谋划着他们的罪恶勾当。 // All the chicks have hatched out. 所有小鸡都出壳了。management [ˈmæniʤmənt] n. 管理;处理;管理部门,管理人员【记】联想记忆:man(人)+age(年纪)+ment→一般管理人员都年龄较长,富有经验【例】China's large and medium-sized state enterprises need toimprove their management right now. 中国的大中型国有企业迫切需要提高其管理水平。
cling [kliŋ] vi. 紧紧抓住(或抱住);黏着,挨近;依附,依恋;坚持,墨守,忠实于【考】cling to 紧紧抓住(或抱住)【题】At the party we found the shy girl________her mother all thetime. (1997.1)A) depending onB) coinciding withC) adhering toD) clinging to【解】选D。depend on:依赖,依靠;coincide with:相符,与…一致;adhere to:粘附;坚持。panic [ˈpænik] n. 恐慌,惊慌,慌乱 v.(使)恐慌,(使)惊慌失措【例】It's important not to panic when driving. 驾驶的时候可不能惊慌。trademark [ˈtreidmɑːk] n. 商标,牌号;特征,标记【记】联想记忆:trade(买卖)+mark(标志)→买卖物品的标志→商标【例】The attention to detail is the director's trademark. 注意细节是导演的特征。opponent [əˈpəunənt] n. 对手,敌手,对抗者【记】词根记忆:op(相反)+pon(位置)+ent(人)→立场不同的人→对手,对抗者【例】Tom taught me how to use an opponent's strength to fight againsthimself. 汤姆教我如何以其人之道还治其人之身。
indignation [ˌindiɡˈneiʃən] n. 愤怒,愤慨,义愤【例】To his indignation, Charles found that his name was not on thelist. 令查尔斯愤慨的是,他的名字没有列在名单上。guarantee [ˌɡærənˈtiː] n. 保证;担保物 vt. 保证,担保【记】联想记忆:guar(看作guard,保卫)+antee→保证;保证物【例】A good education doesn't guarantee a good job. 良好的教育不能保证找到好工作。tragic [ˈtræʤik] adj. 悲惨的,可悲的;悲剧(性)的【记】联想记忆:t+rag(破旧衣服)+ic→穿着破旧衣服的乞丐过着悲惨的生活→悲惨的【例】Hamlet is one of Shakespeare's best known tragedies. 《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚最著名的悲剧之一。controversial [ˌkɔntrəˈvəːʃəl] adj. 引起争论的,有争议的【例】a controversial issue of welfare reform 一个备受争议的福利改革问题trait [treit] n. 特征,特点,特性【记】联想记忆:要根据每位队员的特点(trait)进行训练(train)【例】personality traits 人格特质demonstrate [ˈdemənstreit] vt. 说明,论证;表露【记】词根记忆:de(加强)+monstr(表示)+ate(做)→加强表示→论证【例】We've already demonstrated the fact that we're not cowards. 我们已经证实了我们不是胆小鬼。abolish [əˈbɔliʃ] vt. 彻底废除,废止【记】词根记忆:a+bol(抛)+ish(使)→抛弃,废除参考:polish(v. 磨光,擦亮)
【例】Capital punishment has been abolished. 死刑已被取消了。【题】Slavery was________in Canada in 1233, and Canadianauthorities encouraged the slaves, who escaped from America, to settle on itsvast virgin land. (2005.12)A) dilutedB) dissipatedC) abolishedD) resigned【解】选C。句意:加拿大的奴隶制于1233年被废除,加拿大政府鼓励从美国逃走的奴隶在这片处女地上定居。dilute:冲淡;dissipate:驱散;resign:辞去。possess [pəˈzes] vt. 占用,拥有【例】Children are possessed of powers of imitation naturally. 孩子们天生具有模仿能力。deduct [diˈdʌkt] vt. 扣除,减去【记】词根记忆:de(去掉)+duct(引导)→引导去掉→减去,扣除【例】The employer deducted income tax from the salary. 老板从薪水中扣除了收入所得税。cast [kɑːst] n. 演员表,全体演员;石膏绷带;铸型,铸件;投,抛 vt. 扔;浇铸【例】Her father's illness cast a shadow over the wedding celebrations.父亲的病给她的婚礼庆典蒙上了一层阴影。Easter [ˈiːstə] n.(基督教)复活节intermittent [ˌintəˈmitənt] adj. 间歇的,断断续续的【记】词根记忆:inter(在…中间)+mit(送)+tent→传送过程断断续续的→间歇的,断断续续的【例】The crowd cheered and there were intermittent shout. 人群欢呼雀跃,间或有人尖叫。specific [spiˈsifik] n. [pl.]详情,细节 adj. 特有的;明确的,具体的
【例】the specifics of the lawsuit 法律诉讼的详细信息 // I have a lotof really specific ideas! 我有许多非常具体的想法!oppose [əˈpəuz] vt. 反对,反抗【记】词根记忆:op(相反)+pos(放)+e→摆出相反的姿态→反对,反抗【例】Congress opposed the President's healthcare budget. 议会反对总统的卫生保健预算。extract [iksˈtrækt] vt. 取出,抽出,拔出;提取,提炼,榨取;获得,索取;摘录,抄录[ˈekstrækt] n. 摘录,选段;提取物【记】词根记忆:ex+tract(拉)→拉出→拔出【题1】Scientists are pushing known technologies to their limits in anattempt to________more energy from the earth. (2003.9)A) extractB) injectC) dischargeD) drain【解】选A。句意:科学家正在最大限度地利用现有科技从地球中获取更多的能源。extract:提取;extract from:从…中提取…;inject:注射,注入;discharge:解雇;流出;drain:消耗,排水。【题2】It is one thing to locate oil, but it is quite anotherto________and transport it to the industrial centers. (2003.12)A) permeateB) extractC) distinguishD) concentrate【解】选B。句意:确定石油的位置与将其抽出并运往工业中心是两码事。permeate:透过;distinguish:辨别;concentrate:聚集。commonwealth [ˈkɔmənwelθ] n. [the C-]英联邦;联邦,联合体【记】组合词:common(共同的)+wealth(财富)→财富共有→联合体transaction [trænˈzækʃən] n. 交易;业务
【记】词根记忆:trans(交换)+act(行为)+ion→交易【题1】It will be safer to walk the streets because people will not needto carry large amounts of cash; virtually all financial________will beconducted by computer. (1997.6)A) transactionsB) transmissionsC) transitionsD) transformations【解】选A。句意:由于我们不必携带大量现金,所以还是走路比较安全,而且实际上所有的金融交易都是由电脑来完成的。transmission:传送;transition:转变;transformation:转化,改革。【题2】He attends to the________of important business himself.(1998.6)A) transactionB) transitionC) transmissionD) transformation【解】选A。句意:重要的生意交易由他亲自打点。cabinet [ˈkæbinit] n. 橱,柜;内阁【例】Ellen is the only woman cabinet member. 埃伦是内阁中唯一的女性。ornament [ˈɔːnəmənt] n. 装饰品,点缀品 vt. 装饰,点缀,美化【记】词根记忆:orn(装饰)+ament→装饰(物)【题】The Christmas tree was decorated with shining________such ascolored lights and glass balls. (2001.1)A) ornamentsB) luxuriesC) exhibitsD) complements【解】选A。luxury:奢华;exhibit:展品;complement:补足物。【辨】ornament, adorn, beautify, decorateornament指通过衬托,使之更光彩,用于人或物,例如:You are anornament to our stage.(你是我们舞台上的点缀。);adorn通过装饰使
之锦上添花;beautify常译作“美化”,指外观上的巨大变化;decorate指用图案、颜色、植物等来使面貌焕然一新,有时专指房屋的装修,只用于物。norm [nɔːm] n. 标准,规范;[常pl.]准则【记】本身为词根,意为“标准”contribute [kənˈtribjuːt] v. 捐献,捐款;投稿【记】词根记忆:con+tribute(给予)→捐献【考】contribute to 捐献【例】The volunteers contribute their own time to the project. 志愿者们将自己的时间献给了这项事业。reckon [ˈrekən] vt. 认为,估计;指望,盼望;测算,测量【记】联想记忆:re(又)+ck(一种著名时尚品牌)+on→看见CK没钱买,指望工资快点来→指望,盼望【例】Do you reckon Aaron will agree to see us? 你认为阿伦会同意来看我们吗? // We were reckoning on a profit of about half a million ayear. 我们希望一年的利润能够达到50万。considerate [kənˈsidərit] adj. 考虑周到的,体贴的,体谅的【例】Tom is so considerate of my feelings. 汤姆很能体谅我的感受。ceramic [siˈræmik] n. [pl.]陶瓷器 adj. 陶器的【记】联想记忆:c+era(时代,时期)+mic→古时中国以陶器而闻名
digest [diˈʤest] vt. 消化;领会[daiˈʤest] n. 文摘【记】词根记忆:di(分开)+gest(运)→分开运送→消化;领悟;参考:Reader's Digest《读者文摘》【例】Most babies can digest a wide range of food easily. 大部分婴儿可以很容易消化很多种的食物。transcend [trænˈsend]
性、信念等的)范围vt. 超出,超越(经验、理【记】词根记忆:trans(超过)+(s)cend(爬)→超出,超越【例】The beauty of Linda's songs transcend words and language. 琳达美妙的歌声是无法用言语来表达的。【题】The Beatles, the most famous British band of the 1960s, traveledworldwide for many years,________cultural barriers. (2006.6)A) transportingB) transplantingC) transferringD) transcending【解】选D,transcend:超越。句意:美国二十世纪六十年代最著名的甲壳虫乐队多年环游世界,超越了文化的屏障。transport:传送;transplant:移植;transfer:转移。extravagant [iksˈtrævəɡənt] adj. 奢侈的;过度的,过分的,(言行等)放肆的词源由拉丁文extra(在外)+vagor(游荡)组合而成,意思是“离开正道的”,“游离不定的”,后来转变为“过度的,放肆的”。【例】John was so extravagant that he was always in debt. 约翰奢侈过度以至于一直负债累累。reproach [riˈprəuʧ] n./vt. 责备,批评【记】re(反)+proach(靠近)→不靠近→责备【例】I have nothing to reproach myself. 我没什么好责怪自己的。
transfer [trænsˈfəː] v. 搬,转移;调动,转学;转让,过户;乘车,转乘【记】词根记忆:trans(转移)+fer(带来)→转移【例】Adam has been transferred to the intensive care unit of thehospital. 亚当已经被转入了医院的特别护理病房。retention [riˈtenʃən] n. 保留,保持【记】词根记忆:re(重新)+ten(拿住)+tion→重新拿住→保留,保持【例】Most people are against the retention of the nuclear bomb. 多数人反对保留核弹。snack [snæk] n. 快餐,小吃,点心transform [trænsˈfɔːm] vt. 使改观,使改革;变换,把…转换成【记】词根记忆:trans(改变)+form(形状)→改变形状→把…转换成【例】They were all at once transformed from mere children to grown-up people. 他们一下子从小孩变成了成年人。notation [nəuˈteiʃən] n. 记号,标记法【记】词根记忆:not(标识)+ation→标记法flap [flæp] n. 片状垂悬物(信封的口盖、衣服的袋盖等);飘动,摆动;(翅的)振动;激动,慌忙状态vt. 使拍动,使飘动 vi. 拍动;(鸟)振翅(飞行)【记】联想记忆:f(看作fly,飞)+lap(拍打)→(鸟)振翅(飞行)【题】The wings of the bird still________after it had been shot down.(2000.6)A) slappedB) scratchedC) flappedD) fluctuated【解】选C。slap:拍击,掌击;scratch:抓,擦伤;fluctuate:波
动,动摇。transient [ˈtrænziənt] adj. 短暂的,转瞬即逝的;临时的,暂住的【记】词根记忆:trans(穿过)+ient→时光穿梭,转瞬即逝→短暂的【例】I only had a transient glimpse of him. 我只是迅速地瞥了他一眼。specification [ˌspesifiˈkeiʃən] n. [常pl.]规格,规范;明确说明;(产品等的)说明书【记】来自specific(详细的)+ation→详细说明书【题】The changing image of the family on televisionprovides________into changing attitudes toward the family in society.(1999.1)A) insightsB) presentationsC) revelationsD) specifications【解】选A。句意:电视屏幕中不断变化的家庭的形象反映了现实社会中人门对家庭所持态度的变化。insight:洞察力;presentation:介绍,表达;revelation:显示;specification:规范。attempt [əˈtempt] vt. 尝试,试图;努力【记】词根记忆:at(加强)+tempt(诱惑,考验)→试图引诱别人【例】Ross attempted to clear a place for his coat. 罗斯试图清理出地方来放他的衣服。memorize [ˈmeməraiz] v. 记住,熟记【记】来自memory(n. 记忆)inhibit [inˈhibit] vt. 阻止,妨碍;抑制【记】词根记忆:in(不)+hibit(拿住)→不让拿住→阻碍;抑制【例】Childhood viral infections will inhibit the development of braincells. 童年时期感染病毒将会抑制脑细胞的发展。
carve [kɑːv] vt. 切,把…切碎(或切成片);雕刻,刻【考】carveout 创(业),发(财);carve up 分割,瓜分【例】I have tried to carve it in wood. 我已经试着把它雕在了木头上。empirical [emˈpirikəl] adj. 以经验(或观察)为依据的;经验主义的,经验的【记】参考:empire(n. 帝国,帝权)【例】I find no empirical evidence to support this argument. 我没有找到经验证据来支持这个观点。relay [ˈriːlei] n. 接力赛;中继转播(设备)[riːˈlei] vt. 传送;传达,转述;中继转播【记】词根记忆:re(重新)+lay(放置)→重新放置→转播【例】Billy quickly relayed this news to the other members of staff. 比利很快就把这则消息告诉了其他员工。 // You need to relay your signal.你需要转播你的信号。install [inˈstɔːl] vt. 安装,设置;使就职,任命【记】词根记忆:in(进入)+stall(放)→放进去→安装,设置【例】They've installed the new computer network at last. 他们最终安装了新的计算机网络。cereal [ˈsiəriəl] n. 加工而成的谷类食物;谷类植物,谷物
【记】联想记忆:ce+real(真正的)→真正的健康食品→谷类食物【例】The cereal is considered as the green food in recent years. 近年来,谷类食物被认为是健康食品。ignore [iɡˈnɔː] vt. 不顾,不理;忽视【记】联想记忆:ig+nore(看作nose,鼻子)→翘起鼻子不理睬【例】Henry got up to shake hands with her, but she ignored him. 亨利起身与她握手,但是她没搭理亨利。catastrophe [kəˈtæstrəfi] n. 大灾难,灾祸【记】词根记忆:cat(看作cad,落下)+astro(星星)+phe→星星坠落,大难临头【例】If the contract is cancelled, it'll be a catastrophe for everyoneconcerned. 如果合同被取消,那么对于每个相关的人来说都是一场灾难。float [fləut] v.(使)浮动,(使)漂浮;(使)飘动【例】The boat floated on the placid water of the lake. 小船漂浮在平静的湖面上。 // I looked up at the clouds floating in the sky. 我仰望着天空中飘动的云朵。transistor [trænˈzistə] n. 晶体管,晶体管收音机【记】词根记忆:trans(变换,转移)+ist+or(人,物)→晶体管将信号变换为图像或声音metallic [miˈtælik] adj. 金属的,金属制的;有金属特性的,像金属的【记】来自metal(n. 金属)
transit [ˈtrænzit] n. 运输,载运【记】词根记忆:trans(转移)+it→转移它的地点→运输,载运【考】in transit 在运输中,在途中【例】We are building mass transit systems. 我们正在建造大运量客运系统。involve [inˈvɔlv] vt. 使卷入,牵涉;包含,含有【记】词根记忆:in(使…)+volve(卷)→使卷入,涉及【例】These changes will involve everyone on the staff. 这些改变会牵涉每位员工。specialty [ˈspeʃəlti] n. 特产,名产;特色菜;专业,专长【记】来自special(adj. 专门的)Only those who have the patience to do simple things perfectly ever acquirethe skill to do difficult things easily.只有有耐心圆满完成简单工作的人,才能够轻而易举地完成困难的事。——德国剧作家、诗人 席勒(Friedrich Schiller, German dramatist andpoet)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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