2024年3月7日发(作者：任英光)
专题18 短文首字母填空
例1 （2022·江苏盐城·统考中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
I grew up in the countryside. At around 10 years old, I began to learn cooking. The first skill I
mastered was making dough（面团）. Since my parents often came home l____1____, a
prepared dough would help my family have supper sooner. I thought it would be e____2____
because I often saw my mum do it — just mix water and flour, right? Not quite! It turned out to be
a m____3____ for a while. First I made the dough too soft. Then I made it too hard. But as I kept
trying, I learned the trick.
Later, I cooked fried dishes and things like dumplings and I f____4____ in love with cooking.
It’s a good way to relax. More importantly, thanks to my cooking skill, I live better d____5____
the COVID-19 pandemic. Now working at home, I cook every meal instead of ordering takeout. It
s___6___ money and I don’t have to wait for delivery drivers to feed me.
Besides cooking, I did a lot of f____7____ work in my childhood. I got to know how to plant
vegetables. T___8___ it was hard work, the experience taught me things that many of my friends
still don’t know. For example, the part of a potato that has sprouts（芽）can be planted as a seed.
I once discussed this with my friends from the city. They thought it was a p____9____ that they
didn’t have the chance to learn these things in their lives.
Some might say we can learn these things from textbooks. But it can’t compare to the
j____10____ of learning firsthand, watching plants blossom and grow. It brings a new way to look
at the world.
例2 （2022·江苏南通·统考中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整的、正确的形式，使短文通顺。
Eat Your Greens!
I have never been a fan of vegetables. But my best friend loves them. “Eat your greens!” he
always says. So I decide to learn something more about them.
Plants are a very important part of our diet. Because of the c____11____ their leaves
vegetables are often called “greens”. They p____12____ all kinds of nutrition(营养) that are very
important for our bodies. For example, vitamin C gives us healthy skin, and calcium(钙) keeps our
bones s____13____. Others help to keep our hearts, blood and muscles healthy Eating vegetables
does not make us f____14____ because they are low in calories.
It’s said that there are over 80,000 different kinds of plants which can be eaten on Earth.
However, 90 percent of the foods we eat c____15____ from just 30 plants. This is not because
they are the most nutritious, but because they are the e____16____ to grow.
It is suggested to eat at least five different vegetables every day. It’s a good h____17____ to
make vegetables a main part of each meal. However, some people think that vegetables are not so
popular compared with meat, so when vegetables are served together with meat, they often
c____18____meat instead of vegetables. Others think vegetables are cooked in an unskillful way,
making them not d____19____.
In order to help me have a healthy diet, my friend gives me good a____20____ on how to
cook tasty vegetables. I am on my way to a healthier lifestyle.
例3 （2022·江苏镇江·统考中考真题）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
To many young Chinese people, Premier Zhou Enlai is known as a key founder of the New
China. But f____21____ people know he once wrote a martial arts novel called Jin Guo Ying
Xiong.
Recently, a Sina Weibo user m____22____ this novel written by Zhou more than a century
ago. Many young people showed a strong i____23____ in it and their admiration for the early
pioneers of China. Another user posted the first page of the novel which Zhou wrote at the
a____24____ of 16. It was published under Zhou’s pseudonym(笔名) “Fei Fei” in a magazine
beginning in October, 1914. However, the novel was never completed, but it can be found
a____25____. The Early Works of Zhou Enlai were published by the Central Party Literature
Press in 1998.
A____26____ many young people expressed the regret that Zhou did not go on with the
novel, they said he played a more important role in China’s history. One wrote “The novel was
stopped but Premier Zhou went on to s____27____ the Chinese nation out of danger!” Another
added, “He gave up a novel, but he wrote a history of m____28____ China.” A 29-year-old
computer engineer said, “The pioneers of China are spiritual leaders for me. Remembering them
helped me build up the r____29____ values. When I face problems in life, I am always reminded
not to f____30____ the lives of those pioneers. The difficulties I face now are nothing compared
with what they experienced.”
例4 （2022·江苏泰州·统考中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，补全空格内单词，使短文完整、通顺（请在答题卡上写出完整单词）。
It was a beautiful fall day. I was out riding my bicycle. I guessed I rode over a hole in the
road. All of a sudden, WHAM(砰)! I fell off my bicycle. My right side really h__31__!
My head hit the ground h__32__. I lay there for a few minutes. I tried to get up, b__33__ I
failed! “There must be s__34__ wrong with me,” I thought. I felt so t__35__ that I had to still lie
there. Then I saw b__36__ on my shoe. My hand and knee were bleeding.
As I lay there, I took off my helmet. There was a sharp rock sticking out of it. I looked at it in
f__37__. Thank goodness I wore my helmet!
I shouted for help. At that time, a truck went by. The driver s__38__ his truck and came to
help me. He put my bicycle in the back of his truck and drove me to the hospital.
When my mother got to the hospital, she gave me a big hug(拥抱). “I’m so glad you were
wearing your helmet. The helmet saved your life,” she said. She knew I was c__39__ before and
did not always wear my helmet. “Mum, it was not the helmet i__40__ that saved my life, but
safety awareness did. I’ll ride my bicycle with great care later on!”
例5 （2022·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
The Grand Canal（大运河）is a man-made waterway that runs north and south in eastern
China. Dating back 2,500 years and stretching 1,794 kilometers, it is among the world’s oldest and
l___41___ canals. Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is located on the bank of the ancient
Grand Canal in Yangzhou, one of the eight c___42___ in Jiangsu province sitting along the Grand
Canal.
The museum o___43___ its doors to the public on June 16,2021. It covers an area of some
80,000 square meters. It has two structures: a four-story building in the s___44___ of a giant ship
waiting to set sail, and a 100-meter-tall Tang-Dynasty-style tower.
The museum has 11 themed exhibitions（展览）. They are telling the h___45___ of the Sui-Tang Grand Canal built during the Sui and Tang Dynasties（581-907）, the Beijing-Hangzhou
Grand Canal and the East Zhejiang Canal. These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural
attractions w___46___ they continue to be used for transport, irrigation（灌溉）and flood control.
The 25.7-meter-long, 8-meter-high ancient Bian River section is c___47___ by many as the
“treasure of the museum”.
So far, the museum has over 10,000 exhibits（展品）, including 20 groups of large ones,
making it the best collection to show the grandness of the canal and h___48___ people changed
nature.
Passing t___49___ the exhibition hall and into the antiquated（老式的）streets, visitors can
see restaurants and shops along the street, as if walking in the water village on the canal during the
Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from all the other m____50____ which
are themed on the Grand Canal in China. Why not come and visit it yourself?
首字母填空解题步骤：
1.
通读短文知大意，看整体全面了解。每篇短文段落之间必然承上启下、前呼后应。因此通读全文时要一气呵成，只要能了解短文的大意即可，细节不理解可以跳过。因此，在解题之前通读一遍短文，目的是对文章有个全面的了解，弄清其中心思想和大意。
2.
复读短文抓信息，前后照应巧猜词
在了解文章大意的前提之下再次通读短文，目的是对短文有更进一步的了解。在阅读时要特别注意一篇文章的开头（一般不设空）和结尾，它们能提供主要的信息，帮助了解全文所描述的事件或文章的中心思想。要注意上、下文的关系，把握文章的整体意义。另外，要学会跳读，即对不理解的地方采用暂时回避，待理解全文后再找解决方法。有些短文填空题，出现约 3%~5%
的生词很正常，要求学生根据构词知识或上、下文的意思加以猜测，来确定它的词义。
3.
反复推敲多分析，慎重答题讲合理
再次通读短文，对留空的句子进行全面的分析，看它在全文中所处的位置、作用和意义。这一遍阅读要求是精心阅读，要留心找出关键词、短语或句子，还要结合所给首字母的提示，进行填写，并注意单词的正确形式。
4.
认真复查全文，把握整体和词形来源：
做完以后，再认真读一遍，检查所填写的单词是否与文章要求相符，文章是否通顺，前后是否呼应，有无句型结构及语法错误。
【变式1】（2022·江苏泰州·校考三模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，补全空格内单词，使短文完整、通顺。(请在答题卡上写出完整单词)
During the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong asked the prime minister Feng Deyi to
recommend talented people. However, several months p___51___, Feng didn’t recommend
anyone.
“I tried my best, but there are not unusual and perfect people at all,” Feng said.
“People are like objects. W___52___ we need to do is to make good use of their strengths.
You should be unhappy with yourself for not noticing talented people. How could you say that
there are no talented people in our time?” said the emperor.
Indeed, each object or tool has its own u___53___. A knife is made to cut things w___54___
chopsticks are made to pick up food. We can’t use a knife as a chopstick. Like an object, each
person has a s___55___ strength. Nobody is perfect. We can’t e___56___ a person to be good at
everything.
With this idea in mind, Emperor Taizong discovered many talented people of d___57___
backgrounds. He o___58___ them important positions, which helped them make the most of their
talents. His talented people helped the society develop and create a “golden age”.
A good e___59___ is Ma Zhou, who grew up in a poor family. Ma gave a lot of useful advice,
so Emperor Taizong offered him a position and promoted him many times. Ma helped the emperor
d___60___ with difficult matters and became a well-known person in history.
【变式2】（2022·江苏扬州·校考三模）
“So here’s the plan,” I said. “We’ll wait u____61____ the old man goes to sleep. Then, we’ll
steal the key out of his britches.”
Tom scratched his chin like he was t____62____ hard. Well, that plan would work, but it’s
too s____63____.What good is planning something too easy?
I’ve known Tom Sawyer all my life, and he a____64____ had to turn things into an adventure.
He came up with a new plan, and I agreed to it. I’d do a____65____ to save Jim.
When everything was dark and still, we slipped down to the hut. We circled around,
c____66____ for ways in and out.
Then I whispered through the slats, “Jim, are you in there?”
“Huck!” Jim called back. I could tell he was h____67____ to hear my voice. “You came for
me!”
“Yep,” I said. “And Tom Sawyer is here, too.”
“Can you boys get me out of here?”
I looked around and saw a window high up that had a board nailed a____68____ it. “I bet
Jim would f____69____ through there,” I told Tom.
Tom shook his head. “That is as easy as one, two, three. We need something that’ll take twice
as long. We are not in any h____70____.”
【变式3】（2022·江苏泰州·校考三模）
We all pay attention to rural education (乡村教育) nowadays. It has been a big s____71____
problem of China recently. B____72____ in a poor family in Hunan province, 34-year-old Hou
Changliang knew how hard it is for a child in poor village to get good education. T____73____,
he chose to volunteer to teach at Xiangyang primary school in a poor village in Yunnan province
from 2017.
There were just three teachers for about 100 students across four classes in Xiangyang
primary school. The government wanted to close the school because there are no enough teachers.
C____74____ the school meant that the students would have to go to another school far from their
homes. Hou’s arrival helped keep the school open.
It is the third village school that Hou has taught at since he g____75____ from Hunan
University in 2011. Before Xiangyang primary school, he had taught in Hechi, Guangxi for four
years, and in Bijie, Guizhou province for two years. As a volunteer teacher, he receives a monthly
salary of about 800 yuan. This has r____76____ unchanged for the past 10 years. “The
l____77____ I stayed in the countryside, the deeper I understood the challenge in rural education.
Rural schools need teachers, e____78____ good ones.” Hou said, adding that a good teacher can
make a real difference in a student’s life and can even change the village.
The good news for village teachers like Hou is that the government has taken action to
improve rural education, i____79____ sending more teachers to less-developed areas, improving
the quality of rural teachers by training, and improving salary of rural teachers.
“There is still a long way to go to improve rural education. But I d____80____ believe it will
be better and better.” Hou said.
【变式4】（2022·江苏扬州·校考三模）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在横线上，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
When I went up to bed that night, I sat down in a chair by the window. I sat there a good long
t___81___, and I was really unhappy. But just after midnight I heard “mee-yow! mee-yow!”
o___82___. Very softly, I answered, “mee-yow! mee-yow!” Quietly, I put out the light and got out
t___83___ the window. In the trees, Tom Sawyer was w___84___ for me.
We went through the trees to the end of the widow’s garden. Soon we were on top of a hill on
the other side of the house. Below us we could see the river and the town. One or two lights were
still on, but everything was q___85___. We went down the hill and f___86___ Joe Harper, Ben
Rogers and two or three more of the boys. Then Tom took us down the river by b___87___ to his
secret place, which was a cave deep in the side of a hill. When we got there, Tom told us all his
plan.
“Now, we’ll have this gang of robbers,’ he said. ”and we’ll call it Tom Sawyer’s Gang. If
somebody hurts one of us, the others will kill him and his family. And if a boy from the gang tells
other people our secrets, we’ll kill him and his family, too.”
We all thought this was wonderful, and we w___88___ our names in blood from our fingers.
Then Ben Rogers said, Now, “what’s the gang going to do?”
“N___89___,” replied Tom. “Just rob and kill. We stop people on the road, and we kill them,
and take their money and things. But we can keep a few of the people, and then their friends can
p___90___ money to get them back. That’s what they do in the stories in books.”
【变式5】（2022·江苏盐城·校考三模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。
Once upon a time, there used to be a wonderful garden full of plants. In the corner of it, a
white rose g____91____. It was the most beautiful flower there. It was as white as s____92____.
The plants around it were amazed at her beauty. But the white rose couldn’t see h____93____, so
she didn’t know how beautiful she was. Sometimes, she was even a little green with the
sunflowers(向日葵) around her. She hoped that she could be as lovely as them.
One sunny day, a girl went into the garden. She walked around and e____94____ the beauty
of nature. S____95____ , she saw the white rose. “It hasn’t r____96____ for days.” said the girl.
“And the weather report says it will continue to be sunny for a few days. If the rose stays here, it
will d____97____ soon. I’ll take it home and put it into my beautiful vase.”
The white rose was put into a lovely vase by the window. From the reflection in the window,
the white rose saw herself for the f____98____ time. “Is that me?” she was shocked.
“U____99____ now, I didn’t realize how great I looked.”
Sometimes, we think other people are very great but never realize our own a____100____.
Look into your heart, and you will find how great you are.
【变式6】（2022·江苏扬州·校考三模）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
The Beijing Winter Olympics came to a close on February 20 in a touching ceremony, which
amazed the world again. What i___101___ people most was the performance of “the Willow
Twig(柳枝)”. The willow twig is part of the willow tree and in t___102___ Chinese culture, it was
given as a parting gift b___103___ friends.
The performers beautifully interacted with a LED floor to show imagery of the willow, one
that showed the emotional symbolism of “a bittersweet goodbye.” The t___104___ of “one world,
one family” continued to be clearly seen t___105___ the Games as 365 different people all held a
willow branch represented “the unwavering(坚定的) spirit of remembering the departed through
the 365 d___106___ of a year.”
Thomas Bach, international Olympic Committee president, delivered a speech, during which
he s___107___ highly of the performance of the competition. “This unifying(联合) power of the
Olympic Games is s___108___ than the forces that want to divide us,” he said. “Each and every
one of you tried to achieve your personal best. We were deeply touched by how you were wishing
and c___109___ for your opponents(对手), regardless of their race, religion or nationality,
achievement their best as well. We share this Olympic spirit with all the athletes w___110___
because of the pandemic(疫情) could not make their dream come true.”
【变式7】（2022·江苏扬州·校考二模）填入适当的词使短文完整，每空一词。
Captain（船长）Nemo invited me and my friends to go hunting with him in the forests of
Crespo Island. I asked him w____111____ he was so interested in Crespo Island, “I thought you
preferred the sea to being on land.”
“I do,” r____112____ the captain. “But these forests are under the sea”.
After going through a door, we were about ten meters under the water. The l____113____
from the sun reached us. Everything looked very colorful. We were going deeper and deeper. At
100 meters deep, we could see quite w____114____, and Captain Nemo stopped and pointed to
some dark shapes. This was the f____115____. The “trees” in the forest were giant seaweed（海草）, and all their “branches” were vertical（垂直的）. We could not s____116____ looking at
them. Fish swam around the branches like birds in a forest.
S____117____, I saw a large sea spider about a meter tall. It was going to attack me. Captain
Nemo’s man killed it with his gun, but it r____118____ me that the sea could be as dangerous as it
was beautiful. When we reached 150 meters, it was d____119____. The sun’s light could not
reach this depth（深度）. We turned on our lights. We could see about 20 meters a____120____
us. Finally, we found Crespo Island—where a steep rock wall rose in front of us.
2024年3月7日发(作者：任英光)
专题18 短文首字母填空
例1 （2022·江苏盐城·统考中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
I grew up in the countryside. At around 10 years old, I began to learn cooking. The first skill I
mastered was making dough（面团）. Since my parents often came home l____1____, a
prepared dough would help my family have supper sooner. I thought it would be e____2____
because I often saw my mum do it — just mix water and flour, right? Not quite! It turned out to be
a m____3____ for a while. First I made the dough too soft. Then I made it too hard. But as I kept
trying, I learned the trick.
Later, I cooked fried dishes and things like dumplings and I f____4____ in love with cooking.
It’s a good way to relax. More importantly, thanks to my cooking skill, I live better d____5____
the COVID-19 pandemic. Now working at home, I cook every meal instead of ordering takeout. It
s___6___ money and I don’t have to wait for delivery drivers to feed me.
Besides cooking, I did a lot of f____7____ work in my childhood. I got to know how to plant
vegetables. T___8___ it was hard work, the experience taught me things that many of my friends
still don’t know. For example, the part of a potato that has sprouts（芽）can be planted as a seed.
I once discussed this with my friends from the city. They thought it was a p____9____ that they
didn’t have the chance to learn these things in their lives.
Some might say we can learn these things from textbooks. But it can’t compare to the
j____10____ of learning firsthand, watching plants blossom and grow. It brings a new way to look
at the world.
例2 （2022·江苏南通·统考中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整的、正确的形式，使短文通顺。
Eat Your Greens!
I have never been a fan of vegetables. But my best friend loves them. “Eat your greens!” he
always says. So I decide to learn something more about them.
Plants are a very important part of our diet. Because of the c____11____ their leaves
vegetables are often called “greens”. They p____12____ all kinds of nutrition(营养) that are very
important for our bodies. For example, vitamin C gives us healthy skin, and calcium(钙) keeps our
bones s____13____. Others help to keep our hearts, blood and muscles healthy Eating vegetables
does not make us f____14____ because they are low in calories.
It’s said that there are over 80,000 different kinds of plants which can be eaten on Earth.
However, 90 percent of the foods we eat c____15____ from just 30 plants. This is not because
they are the most nutritious, but because they are the e____16____ to grow.
It is suggested to eat at least five different vegetables every day. It’s a good h____17____ to
make vegetables a main part of each meal. However, some people think that vegetables are not so
popular compared with meat, so when vegetables are served together with meat, they often
c____18____meat instead of vegetables. Others think vegetables are cooked in an unskillful way,
making them not d____19____.
In order to help me have a healthy diet, my friend gives me good a____20____ on how to
cook tasty vegetables. I am on my way to a healthier lifestyle.
例3 （2022·江苏镇江·统考中考真题）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
To many young Chinese people, Premier Zhou Enlai is known as a key founder of the New
China. But f____21____ people know he once wrote a martial arts novel called Jin Guo Ying
Xiong.
Recently, a Sina Weibo user m____22____ this novel written by Zhou more than a century
ago. Many young people showed a strong i____23____ in it and their admiration for the early
pioneers of China. Another user posted the first page of the novel which Zhou wrote at the
a____24____ of 16. It was published under Zhou’s pseudonym(笔名) “Fei Fei” in a magazine
beginning in October, 1914. However, the novel was never completed, but it can be found
a____25____. The Early Works of Zhou Enlai were published by the Central Party Literature
Press in 1998.
A____26____ many young people expressed the regret that Zhou did not go on with the
novel, they said he played a more important role in China’s history. One wrote “The novel was
stopped but Premier Zhou went on to s____27____ the Chinese nation out of danger!” Another
added, “He gave up a novel, but he wrote a history of m____28____ China.” A 29-year-old
computer engineer said, “The pioneers of China are spiritual leaders for me. Remembering them
helped me build up the r____29____ values. When I face problems in life, I am always reminded
not to f____30____ the lives of those pioneers. The difficulties I face now are nothing compared
with what they experienced.”
例4 （2022·江苏泰州·统考中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，补全空格内单词，使短文完整、通顺（请在答题卡上写出完整单词）。
It was a beautiful fall day. I was out riding my bicycle. I guessed I rode over a hole in the
road. All of a sudden, WHAM(砰)! I fell off my bicycle. My right side really h__31__!
My head hit the ground h__32__. I lay there for a few minutes. I tried to get up, b__33__ I
failed! “There must be s__34__ wrong with me,” I thought. I felt so t__35__ that I had to still lie
there. Then I saw b__36__ on my shoe. My hand and knee were bleeding.
As I lay there, I took off my helmet. There was a sharp rock sticking out of it. I looked at it in
f__37__. Thank goodness I wore my helmet!
I shouted for help. At that time, a truck went by. The driver s__38__ his truck and came to
help me. He put my bicycle in the back of his truck and drove me to the hospital.
When my mother got to the hospital, she gave me a big hug(拥抱). “I’m so glad you were
wearing your helmet. The helmet saved your life,” she said. She knew I was c__39__ before and
did not always wear my helmet. “Mum, it was not the helmet i__40__ that saved my life, but
safety awareness did. I’ll ride my bicycle with great care later on!”
例5 （2022·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
The Grand Canal（大运河）is a man-made waterway that runs north and south in eastern
China. Dating back 2,500 years and stretching 1,794 kilometers, it is among the world’s oldest and
l___41___ canals. Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is located on the bank of the ancient
Grand Canal in Yangzhou, one of the eight c___42___ in Jiangsu province sitting along the Grand
Canal.
The museum o___43___ its doors to the public on June 16,2021. It covers an area of some
80,000 square meters. It has two structures: a four-story building in the s___44___ of a giant ship
waiting to set sail, and a 100-meter-tall Tang-Dynasty-style tower.
The museum has 11 themed exhibitions（展览）. They are telling the h___45___ of the Sui-Tang Grand Canal built during the Sui and Tang Dynasties（581-907）, the Beijing-Hangzhou
Grand Canal and the East Zhejiang Canal. These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural
attractions w___46___ they continue to be used for transport, irrigation（灌溉）and flood control.
The 25.7-meter-long, 8-meter-high ancient Bian River section is c___47___ by many as the
“treasure of the museum”.
So far, the museum has over 10,000 exhibits（展品）, including 20 groups of large ones,
making it the best collection to show the grandness of the canal and h___48___ people changed
nature.
Passing t___49___ the exhibition hall and into the antiquated（老式的）streets, visitors can
see restaurants and shops along the street, as if walking in the water village on the canal during the
Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from all the other m____50____ which
are themed on the Grand Canal in China. Why not come and visit it yourself?
首字母填空解题步骤：
1.
通读短文知大意，看整体全面了解。每篇短文段落之间必然承上启下、前呼后应。因此通读全文时要一气呵成，只要能了解短文的大意即可，细节不理解可以跳过。因此，在解题之前通读一遍短文，目的是对文章有个全面的了解，弄清其中心思想和大意。
2.
复读短文抓信息，前后照应巧猜词
在了解文章大意的前提之下再次通读短文，目的是对短文有更进一步的了解。在阅读时要特别注意一篇文章的开头（一般不设空）和结尾，它们能提供主要的信息，帮助了解全文所描述的事件或文章的中心思想。要注意上、下文的关系，把握文章的整体意义。另外，要学会跳读，即对不理解的地方采用暂时回避，待理解全文后再找解决方法。有些短文填空题，出现约 3%~5%
的生词很正常，要求学生根据构词知识或上、下文的意思加以猜测，来确定它的词义。
3.
反复推敲多分析，慎重答题讲合理
再次通读短文，对留空的句子进行全面的分析，看它在全文中所处的位置、作用和意义。这一遍阅读要求是精心阅读，要留心找出关键词、短语或句子，还要结合所给首字母的提示，进行填写，并注意单词的正确形式。
4.
认真复查全文，把握整体和词形来源：
做完以后，再认真读一遍，检查所填写的单词是否与文章要求相符，文章是否通顺，前后是否呼应，有无句型结构及语法错误。
【变式1】（2022·江苏泰州·校考三模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，补全空格内单词，使短文完整、通顺。(请在答题卡上写出完整单词)
During the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong asked the prime minister Feng Deyi to
recommend talented people. However, several months p___51___, Feng didn’t recommend
anyone.
“I tried my best, but there are not unusual and perfect people at all,” Feng said.
“People are like objects. W___52___ we need to do is to make good use of their strengths.
You should be unhappy with yourself for not noticing talented people. How could you say that
there are no talented people in our time?” said the emperor.
Indeed, each object or tool has its own u___53___. A knife is made to cut things w___54___
chopsticks are made to pick up food. We can’t use a knife as a chopstick. Like an object, each
person has a s___55___ strength. Nobody is perfect. We can’t e___56___ a person to be good at
everything.
With this idea in mind, Emperor Taizong discovered many talented people of d___57___
backgrounds. He o___58___ them important positions, which helped them make the most of their
talents. His talented people helped the society develop and create a “golden age”.
A good e___59___ is Ma Zhou, who grew up in a poor family. Ma gave a lot of useful advice,
so Emperor Taizong offered him a position and promoted him many times. Ma helped the emperor
d___60___ with difficult matters and became a well-known person in history.
【变式2】（2022·江苏扬州·校考三模）
“So here’s the plan,” I said. “We’ll wait u____61____ the old man goes to sleep. Then, we’ll
steal the key out of his britches.”
Tom scratched his chin like he was t____62____ hard. Well, that plan would work, but it’s
too s____63____.What good is planning something too easy?
I’ve known Tom Sawyer all my life, and he a____64____ had to turn things into an adventure.
He came up with a new plan, and I agreed to it. I’d do a____65____ to save Jim.
When everything was dark and still, we slipped down to the hut. We circled around,
c____66____ for ways in and out.
Then I whispered through the slats, “Jim, are you in there?”
“Huck!” Jim called back. I could tell he was h____67____ to hear my voice. “You came for
me!”
“Yep,” I said. “And Tom Sawyer is here, too.”
“Can you boys get me out of here?”
I looked around and saw a window high up that had a board nailed a____68____ it. “I bet
Jim would f____69____ through there,” I told Tom.
Tom shook his head. “That is as easy as one, two, three. We need something that’ll take twice
as long. We are not in any h____70____.”
【变式3】（2022·江苏泰州·校考三模）
We all pay attention to rural education (乡村教育) nowadays. It has been a big s____71____
problem of China recently. B____72____ in a poor family in Hunan province, 34-year-old Hou
Changliang knew how hard it is for a child in poor village to get good education. T____73____,
he chose to volunteer to teach at Xiangyang primary school in a poor village in Yunnan province
from 2017.
There were just three teachers for about 100 students across four classes in Xiangyang
primary school. The government wanted to close the school because there are no enough teachers.
C____74____ the school meant that the students would have to go to another school far from their
homes. Hou’s arrival helped keep the school open.
It is the third village school that Hou has taught at since he g____75____ from Hunan
University in 2011. Before Xiangyang primary school, he had taught in Hechi, Guangxi for four
years, and in Bijie, Guizhou province for two years. As a volunteer teacher, he receives a monthly
salary of about 800 yuan. This has r____76____ unchanged for the past 10 years. “The
l____77____ I stayed in the countryside, the deeper I understood the challenge in rural education.
Rural schools need teachers, e____78____ good ones.” Hou said, adding that a good teacher can
make a real difference in a student’s life and can even change the village.
The good news for village teachers like Hou is that the government has taken action to
improve rural education, i____79____ sending more teachers to less-developed areas, improving
the quality of rural teachers by training, and improving salary of rural teachers.
“There is still a long way to go to improve rural education. But I d____80____ believe it will
be better and better.” Hou said.
【变式4】（2022·江苏扬州·校考三模）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在横线上，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
When I went up to bed that night, I sat down in a chair by the window. I sat there a good long
t___81___, and I was really unhappy. But just after midnight I heard “mee-yow! mee-yow!”
o___82___. Very softly, I answered, “mee-yow! mee-yow!” Quietly, I put out the light and got out
t___83___ the window. In the trees, Tom Sawyer was w___84___ for me.
We went through the trees to the end of the widow’s garden. Soon we were on top of a hill on
the other side of the house. Below us we could see the river and the town. One or two lights were
still on, but everything was q___85___. We went down the hill and f___86___ Joe Harper, Ben
Rogers and two or three more of the boys. Then Tom took us down the river by b___87___ to his
secret place, which was a cave deep in the side of a hill. When we got there, Tom told us all his
plan.
“Now, we’ll have this gang of robbers,’ he said. ”and we’ll call it Tom Sawyer’s Gang. If
somebody hurts one of us, the others will kill him and his family. And if a boy from the gang tells
other people our secrets, we’ll kill him and his family, too.”
We all thought this was wonderful, and we w___88___ our names in blood from our fingers.
Then Ben Rogers said, Now, “what’s the gang going to do?”
“N___89___,” replied Tom. “Just rob and kill. We stop people on the road, and we kill them,
and take their money and things. But we can keep a few of the people, and then their friends can
p___90___ money to get them back. That’s what they do in the stories in books.”
【变式5】（2022·江苏盐城·校考三模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。
Once upon a time, there used to be a wonderful garden full of plants. In the corner of it, a
white rose g____91____. It was the most beautiful flower there. It was as white as s____92____.
The plants around it were amazed at her beauty. But the white rose couldn’t see h____93____, so
she didn’t know how beautiful she was. Sometimes, she was even a little green with the
sunflowers(向日葵) around her. She hoped that she could be as lovely as them.
One sunny day, a girl went into the garden. She walked around and e____94____ the beauty
of nature. S____95____ , she saw the white rose. “It hasn’t r____96____ for days.” said the girl.
“And the weather report says it will continue to be sunny for a few days. If the rose stays here, it
will d____97____ soon. I’ll take it home and put it into my beautiful vase.”
The white rose was put into a lovely vase by the window. From the reflection in the window,
the white rose saw herself for the f____98____ time. “Is that me?” she was shocked.
“U____99____ now, I didn’t realize how great I looked.”
Sometimes, we think other people are very great but never realize our own a____100____.
Look into your heart, and you will find how great you are.
【变式6】（2022·江苏扬州·校考三模）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
The Beijing Winter Olympics came to a close on February 20 in a touching ceremony, which
amazed the world again. What i___101___ people most was the performance of “the Willow
Twig(柳枝)”. The willow twig is part of the willow tree and in t___102___ Chinese culture, it was
given as a parting gift b___103___ friends.
The performers beautifully interacted with a LED floor to show imagery of the willow, one
that showed the emotional symbolism of “a bittersweet goodbye.” The t___104___ of “one world,
one family” continued to be clearly seen t___105___ the Games as 365 different people all held a
willow branch represented “the unwavering(坚定的) spirit of remembering the departed through
the 365 d___106___ of a year.”
Thomas Bach, international Olympic Committee president, delivered a speech, during which
he s___107___ highly of the performance of the competition. “This unifying(联合) power of the
Olympic Games is s___108___ than the forces that want to divide us,” he said. “Each and every
one of you tried to achieve your personal best. We were deeply touched by how you were wishing
and c___109___ for your opponents(对手), regardless of their race, religion or nationality,
achievement their best as well. We share this Olympic spirit with all the athletes w___110___
because of the pandemic(疫情) could not make their dream come true.”
【变式7】（2022·江苏扬州·校考二模）填入适当的词使短文完整，每空一词。
Captain（船长）Nemo invited me and my friends to go hunting with him in the forests of
Crespo Island. I asked him w____111____ he was so interested in Crespo Island, “I thought you
preferred the sea to being on land.”
“I do,” r____112____ the captain. “But these forests are under the sea”.
After going through a door, we were about ten meters under the water. The l____113____
from the sun reached us. Everything looked very colorful. We were going deeper and deeper. At
100 meters deep, we could see quite w____114____, and Captain Nemo stopped and pointed to
some dark shapes. This was the f____115____. The “trees” in the forest were giant seaweed（海草）, and all their “branches” were vertical（垂直的）. We could not s____116____ looking at
them. Fish swam around the branches like birds in a forest.
S____117____, I saw a large sea spider about a meter tall. It was going to attack me. Captain
Nemo’s man killed it with his gun, but it r____118____ me that the sea could be as dangerous as it
was beautiful. When we reached 150 meters, it was d____119____. The sun’s light could not
reach this depth（深度）. We turned on our lights. We could see about 20 meters a____120____
us. Finally, we found Crespo Island—where a steep rock wall rose in front of us.