2024年3月18日发(作者：禹白秋)
正式语言与非正式语言.口语与书面语的区别
1. 从词汇选择来看语体的区别
A. 名词
(a) 抽象名词作主语
抽象名词作主语多见于书面体.正式用语.如:
The success of the book brought him tremendous popularity. (very formal)
The book was highly successful and made him a very popular writer.
(colloquial)
(b) 以表示事物的名词作为通常属于人的行为.动作的主体时.常见于书面体,在口语体
中.一般采用较朴实的说法(如:把书面体中的动词改为意义相近的其他动词.或改为以人为主
语).如:
His knowledge is insufficient to enable him to complete this task. (formal)
He is not competent enough to do this job. (colloquial)
The manufacture of these goods is acquiring importance as an industry.
(formal)
—
The manufacture of these goods is becoming an important industry.
(colloquial)
(c) 有重复主语的句子
有重复主语的句子一般只用于日常用语.不用于正式场合.如:
Jim and I took the long road. (for-mal)Jim and I. we took the long road.
(informal)
(d) 以there为开首的句子.主语与谓语在数上一致的是正式语言.不一致的是非正式语
言.
There are a group of children ready to sing songs. (formal)
There is a group of children ready to sing songs. (informal)
(e) 所有格
The hood of the car is insulated. (formal)
The car`s hood is insulated. (informal)
(f) 缩略语与全称
正式语言常用全称.非正式语言常用缩略语.虽然在正式语言中用缩略语的情况越来越
欢迎下载
2
2024年3月18日发(作者：禹白秋)
正式语言与非正式语言.口语与书面语的区别
1. 从词汇选择来看语体的区别
A. 名词
(a) 抽象名词作主语
抽象名词作主语多见于书面体.正式用语.如:
The success of the book brought him tremendous popularity. (very formal)
The book was highly successful and made him a very popular writer.
(colloquial)
(b) 以表示事物的名词作为通常属于人的行为.动作的主体时.常见于书面体,在口语体
中.一般采用较朴实的说法(如:把书面体中的动词改为意义相近的其他动词.或改为以人为主
语).如:
His knowledge is insufficient to enable him to complete this task. (formal)
He is not competent enough to do this job. (colloquial)
The manufacture of these goods is acquiring importance as an industry.
(formal)
—
The manufacture of these goods is becoming an important industry.
(colloquial)
(c) 有重复主语的句子
有重复主语的句子一般只用于日常用语.不用于正式场合.如:
Jim and I took the long road. (for-mal)Jim and I. we took the long road.
(informal)
(d) 以there为开首的句子.主语与谓语在数上一致的是正式语言.不一致的是非正式语
言.
There are a group of children ready to sing songs. (formal)
There is a group of children ready to sing songs. (informal)
(e) 所有格
The hood of the car is insulated. (formal)
The car`s hood is insulated. (informal)
(f) 缩略语与全称
正式语言常用全称.非正式语言常用缩略语.虽然在正式语言中用缩略语的情况越来越
欢迎下载
2