2024年4月2日发(作者：北欣怿)
学术英语写作P73--
76练习答案
精品文档
[Original Source] (A totalitarian) society…can never permit either
the truthful recording of facts, or the emotional sincerity, that
literary creation demands….Totalitarianism demands… the continuous
alteration of the past, and in the long run…a disbelief in the very
existence of objective truth. (written by George Orwell)
[Version C] Orwell believed that totalitarian societies must suppress
literature and free expression because they cannot survive the truth,
and thus they claim it does not exist.
(1) Deep waters that were once off limits to oil explores are suddenly accessible,
partly because of advances in floating rigs.
Deep water exploring oil had once been impossible before, but now it becomes
practicable in part because the floating rigs have developed much.
(2) A liver cell has a different job from a blood cell and proteins to match.
肝细胞与血液细胞分工不同，而且与之匹配的蛋白质也不同。
A liver cell plays a different role compared with a blood cell and the proteins
inside a liver cell are different from those inside a blood cell.
(3) This suggests that there is a great deal of plasticity in the growing embryo that still
allows it to develop successfully even when a significant proportion of its genes are
malfunctioning. 这表明胚胎在生长发育过程中有较大的可塑性，即使大部分基
因发生突变，仍能成功发育。
It can be concluded from the cloning studies that the growing embryo bears a lot
of plasticity which enables it to develop successfully even under the condition
that there are a great proportion of malfunctioning genes.
III. Directions: Write a paraphrase of each of the following passages. Try not to
look back at the original passage.
(1). "The Antarctic is the vast source of cold on our planet, just as the sun is the
source of our heat, and it exerts tremendous control on our climate," [Jacques]
Cousteau told the camera. "The cold ocean water around Antarctica flows north to
mix with warmer water from the tropics, and its upwellings help to cool both the
surface water and our atmosphere. Yet the fragility of this regulating system is now
threatened by human activity."
From "Captain Cousteau," Audubon (May 1990):17.
(1).According to Jacques Cousteau, the activity of people in Antarctica is
jeopardizing a delicate natural mechanism that controls the earth's climate.
He fears that human activity could interfere with the balance between the sun,
the source of the earth's heat, and the important source of cold from Antarctic
收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除
精品文档
waters that flow north and cool the oceans and atmosphere ("Captain
Cousteau" 17).
(2). The twenties were the years when drinking was against the law, and the law was a
bad joke because everyone knew of a local bar where liquor could be had. They were
the years when organized crime ruled the cities, and the police seemed powerless to
do anything against it. Classical music was forgotten while jazz spread throughout the
land, and men like Bix Beiderbecke, Louis Armstrong, and Count Basie became the
heroes of the young. The flapper was born in the twenties, and with her bobbed hair
and short skirts, she symbolized, perhaps more than anyone or anything else,
America's break with the past.
From Kathleen Yancey, English 102 Supplemental Guide (1989): 25.
(2). During the twenties lawlessness and social nonconformity prevailed. In
cities organized crime flourished without police interference, and in spite of
nationwide prohibition of liquor sales, anyone who wished to buy a drink
knew where to get one. Musicians like Louis Armstrong become favorites,
particularly among young people, as many turned away from highly
respectable classical music to jazz. One of the best examples of the anti-
traditional trend was the proliferation of young "flappers," women who
rebelled against custom by cutting off their hair and shortening their skirts
(Yancey 25).
(3) Of the more than 1000 bicycling deaths each year, three-fourths are caused by
head injuries. Half of those killed are school-age children. One study concluded that
wearing a bike helmet can reduce the risk of head injury by 85 percent. In an accident,
a bike helmet absorbs the shock and cushions the head.
From "Bike Helmets: Unused Lifesavers," Consumer Reports (May 1990): 348.
(3). The use of a helmet is the key to reducing bicycling fatalities, which are due
to head injuries 75% of the time. By cushioning the head upon impact, a
helmet can reduce accidental injury by as much as 85%, saving the lives of
hundreds of victims annually, half of whom are school children ("Bike
Helmets" 348).
收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除
精品文档
(4). Matisse is the best painter ever at putting the viewer at the scene. He's the most
realistic of all modern artists, if you admit the feel of the breeze as necessary to a
landscape and the smell of oranges as essential to a still life. "The Casbah Gate"
depicts the well-known gateway Bab el Aassa, which pierces the southern wall of
the city near the sultan's palace. With scrubby coats of ivory, aqua, blue, and rose
delicately fenced by the liveliest gray outline in art history, Matisse gets the essence
of a Tangier afternoon, including the subtle presence of the bowaab, the sentry who
sits and surveys those who pass through the gate.
(4). Matisse paintings are remarkable in giving the viewer the distinct sensory
impressions of one experiencing the scene first hand. For instance, "The
Casbah Gate" takes one to the walled city of Tangier and the Bab el Aassa
gateway near the Sultan's palace, where one can imagine standing on an
afternoon, absorbing the splash of colors and the fine outlines. Even the sentry,
the bowaab vaguely eyeing those who come and go through the gate, blends
into the scene as though real (Plagens 50).
From Peter Plagens, "Bright Lights." Newsweek (26 March 1990): 50.
(5). While the Sears Tower is arguably the greatest achievement in skyscraper
engineering so far, it's unlikely that architects and engineers have abandoned the
quest for the world's tallest building. The question is: Just how high can a building
go? Structural engineer William LeMessurier has designed a skyscraper nearly one-
half mile high, twice as tall as the Sears Tower. And architect Robert Sobel claims
that existing technology could produce a 500-story building.
From Ron Bachman, "Reaching for the Sky." Dial (May 1990): 15.
(5). How much higher skyscrapers of the future will rise than the present world
marvel, the Sears Tower, is unknown. However, the design of one twice as tall
is already on the boards, and an architect, Robert Sobel, thinks we currently
have sufficient know-how to build a skyscraper with over 500 stories
(Bachman 15).
收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除
2024年4月2日发(作者：北欣怿)
学术英语写作P73--
76练习答案
精品文档
[Original Source] (A totalitarian) society…can never permit either
the truthful recording of facts, or the emotional sincerity, that
literary creation demands….Totalitarianism demands… the continuous
alteration of the past, and in the long run…a disbelief in the very
existence of objective truth. (written by George Orwell)
[Version C] Orwell believed that totalitarian societies must suppress
literature and free expression because they cannot survive the truth,
and thus they claim it does not exist.
(1) Deep waters that were once off limits to oil explores are suddenly accessible,
partly because of advances in floating rigs.
Deep water exploring oil had once been impossible before, but now it becomes
practicable in part because the floating rigs have developed much.
(2) A liver cell has a different job from a blood cell and proteins to match.
肝细胞与血液细胞分工不同，而且与之匹配的蛋白质也不同。
A liver cell plays a different role compared with a blood cell and the proteins
inside a liver cell are different from those inside a blood cell.
(3) This suggests that there is a great deal of plasticity in the growing embryo that still
allows it to develop successfully even when a significant proportion of its genes are
malfunctioning. 这表明胚胎在生长发育过程中有较大的可塑性，即使大部分基
因发生突变，仍能成功发育。
It can be concluded from the cloning studies that the growing embryo bears a lot
of plasticity which enables it to develop successfully even under the condition
that there are a great proportion of malfunctioning genes.
III. Directions: Write a paraphrase of each of the following passages. Try not to
look back at the original passage.
(1). "The Antarctic is the vast source of cold on our planet, just as the sun is the
source of our heat, and it exerts tremendous control on our climate," [Jacques]
Cousteau told the camera. "The cold ocean water around Antarctica flows north to
mix with warmer water from the tropics, and its upwellings help to cool both the
surface water and our atmosphere. Yet the fragility of this regulating system is now
threatened by human activity."
From "Captain Cousteau," Audubon (May 1990):17.
(1).According to Jacques Cousteau, the activity of people in Antarctica is
jeopardizing a delicate natural mechanism that controls the earth's climate.
He fears that human activity could interfere with the balance between the sun,
the source of the earth's heat, and the important source of cold from Antarctic
收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除
精品文档
waters that flow north and cool the oceans and atmosphere ("Captain
Cousteau" 17).
(2). The twenties were the years when drinking was against the law, and the law was a
bad joke because everyone knew of a local bar where liquor could be had. They were
the years when organized crime ruled the cities, and the police seemed powerless to
do anything against it. Classical music was forgotten while jazz spread throughout the
land, and men like Bix Beiderbecke, Louis Armstrong, and Count Basie became the
heroes of the young. The flapper was born in the twenties, and with her bobbed hair
and short skirts, she symbolized, perhaps more than anyone or anything else,
America's break with the past.
From Kathleen Yancey, English 102 Supplemental Guide (1989): 25.
(2). During the twenties lawlessness and social nonconformity prevailed. In
cities organized crime flourished without police interference, and in spite of
nationwide prohibition of liquor sales, anyone who wished to buy a drink
knew where to get one. Musicians like Louis Armstrong become favorites,
particularly among young people, as many turned away from highly
respectable classical music to jazz. One of the best examples of the anti-
traditional trend was the proliferation of young "flappers," women who
rebelled against custom by cutting off their hair and shortening their skirts
(Yancey 25).
(3) Of the more than 1000 bicycling deaths each year, three-fourths are caused by
head injuries. Half of those killed are school-age children. One study concluded that
wearing a bike helmet can reduce the risk of head injury by 85 percent. In an accident,
a bike helmet absorbs the shock and cushions the head.
From "Bike Helmets: Unused Lifesavers," Consumer Reports (May 1990): 348.
(3). The use of a helmet is the key to reducing bicycling fatalities, which are due
to head injuries 75% of the time. By cushioning the head upon impact, a
helmet can reduce accidental injury by as much as 85%, saving the lives of
hundreds of victims annually, half of whom are school children ("Bike
Helmets" 348).
收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除
精品文档
(4). Matisse is the best painter ever at putting the viewer at the scene. He's the most
realistic of all modern artists, if you admit the feel of the breeze as necessary to a
landscape and the smell of oranges as essential to a still life. "The Casbah Gate"
depicts the well-known gateway Bab el Aassa, which pierces the southern wall of
the city near the sultan's palace. With scrubby coats of ivory, aqua, blue, and rose
delicately fenced by the liveliest gray outline in art history, Matisse gets the essence
of a Tangier afternoon, including the subtle presence of the bowaab, the sentry who
sits and surveys those who pass through the gate.
(4). Matisse paintings are remarkable in giving the viewer the distinct sensory
impressions of one experiencing the scene first hand. For instance, "The
Casbah Gate" takes one to the walled city of Tangier and the Bab el Aassa
gateway near the Sultan's palace, where one can imagine standing on an
afternoon, absorbing the splash of colors and the fine outlines. Even the sentry,
the bowaab vaguely eyeing those who come and go through the gate, blends
into the scene as though real (Plagens 50).
From Peter Plagens, "Bright Lights." Newsweek (26 March 1990): 50.
(5). While the Sears Tower is arguably the greatest achievement in skyscraper
engineering so far, it's unlikely that architects and engineers have abandoned the
quest for the world's tallest building. The question is: Just how high can a building
go? Structural engineer William LeMessurier has designed a skyscraper nearly one-
half mile high, twice as tall as the Sears Tower. And architect Robert Sobel claims
that existing technology could produce a 500-story building.
From Ron Bachman, "Reaching for the Sky." Dial (May 1990): 15.
(5). How much higher skyscrapers of the future will rise than the present world
marvel, the Sears Tower, is unknown. However, the design of one twice as tall
is already on the boards, and an architect, Robert Sobel, thinks we currently
have sufficient know-how to build a skyscraper with over 500 stories
(Bachman 15).
收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除