2024年4月7日发(作者：闾沈静)
考研英语（阅读）-试卷84
(总分：70.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、 Reading Comprehension(总题数：7，分数：70.00)
n II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________
解析：
ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by
choosing A, B, C or D.（分数：10.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________
解析：
Those days are long gone when placing a telephone call meant simply picking up the receiver and
asking the operator to patch you through. Modem cell phones require users to navigate a series
of menus to find numbers, place calls or check messages. Even the most tech-savvy may take weeks
to discover some of the more mysterious multimedia functions. Imagine the difficulty forsomeone
unable to read. That is the challenge for mobile communications companies aiming to branch out
into developing countries. The prospects seen from the last decade are alluring: only about one
third of China"s vast population and about one tenth of India"s use cell phones. But selling to
poor rural areas is not likely to happen with a marketing version of "plug and play." Most potential
buyers have little exposure to anything other than simple electronics. Reading through a series
of hierarchical menus and pushing buttons for multiple purposes would be new concepts for such
customers. To come up with a suitable device, Motorola relied on a team of anthropologists,
psychologists and designers to study how textually illiterate villagers use their aging
televisions, tape players and phones. The researchers noticed that their subjects would learn
each button"s dedicated function With something more complicated, such as an automated teller
machine, users would memorize a set of behaviors in order, which allowed them to move through
the machine"s basic hierarchy without having to read the research, which lasted three
years, led Motorola to craft a cellular phone slimmed down to three essential activities: calling,
managing numbers and simple text messaging. "A lot of the functions in a cell phone are not useful
to anyone," points out Gabriel White, who headed the interactive design icon-based
interface also required thought. Not all cell phone companies believe that a design for nonliterate
users should start from scratch. Nokia"s behavioral researchers noticed that "newbies" rely on
friends and relatives to help them with basic functions. Rather than confronting the challenge
of a completely new interface, Nokia chose to provide some audio menus in its popular 1100 model
and a preview mode so that people could try out functions without the risk of changing anything
important. Mobile phones may even become tools for literacy, predicts BJ Fogg, who studies
computer-human interaction at Stanford University. Phones might teach the alphabet or tell a story
as users read along. "Imagine if it eventually could understand your weak points and drill you
on those," Fogg proposes. And soon enough, he declares, designs or illiterate users will lead
to more straightforward, elegant phones for everyone.（分数：10.00）
(1).The difference between modern cell phones and old phones lies in that（分数：2.00）
requires more intelligence and education to use modern cell phones.
takes more weeks to get familiar with modern cell phones.
cell phones are more complicated with many functions. √
cell phones are more mysterious tools for people.
解析：解析：事实细节题。答案在第一段。该段主要就是介绍了过去的老式电话和现代手机使用方式上的
不同，突出了现代手机纷繁复杂的功能及其对用户造成的困扰，故选C项。A项内容在文中并无提及，属
过度推断；文中讲到手机玩家也需要几周时间来熟悉现代手机，B项中的more weeks推断过度；此外文中
提到现代手机的某些功能比较隐秘，而非手机本身是比较隐秘的工具，D项张冠李戴了。
(2).The sales of mobile phones to poor rural areas may be impossible probably because most
potential buyers（分数：2.00）
difficulty with menus of multiple purposes. √
accept new concepts of mobile phones.
read menus and push buttons of simple electronics.
not like the marketing strategy of "plug and play".
解析：解析：事实细节题，考查因果细节及转折细节。根据poor rural areas定位到第二段，段中But信
号词提示新信息出现的地方，这段内容提到一些营销策略在贫困的农村地区行不通，因为那里的大多数潜
在买家没有接触过复杂的电子产品，也就无法理解复杂菜单和按钮操作，故选A项。文中只是陈述了功能
复杂多样的手机对于农村地区的手机用户来说是全新的概念，并未提到他们因此而不能接受或者说排斥新
概念手机，故B项推断过度；该段中提到很多农村地区的潜在手机购买者只接触过用法简单的电子产品，
但并未具体提到诸如阅读菜单或者按按钮等具体操
(3).The researches held by Motorola showed that the textually illiterate villagers（分数：2.00）
willing to use old machines with little functions.
to take some lessons to learn the new functions.
remember the major function of each button.
avoid reading the hierarchy menus of the machine. √
解析：解析：推理判断题。根据Motorola定位到第三段。文中提到不识字的乡下人在遇到使用复杂电器的
情况时，往往按部就班记下操作流程而不看具体操作流程，故选D项。摩托罗拉的相关研究人员只是研究
乡下人如何使用老旧电器的，并不意味着乡下人就愿意使用旧电器，A项推断过度；B项文中未提及；C项
是强干扰项，原文提到，研究人员发现受试者能够记住每个按钮的专门用途，C项的major偷换了概念。
(4).The slang term of "newbies" (Line 2, Paragraph 5) most probably means（分数：2.00）
students.
ers. √
ns.
webs.
解析：解析：词义推断题。原文该处提到是在亲人朋友的帮助下学会基本操作，由此可推断newbies有“新
手”之义，B项正确。根据上下文，作者提到不是所有的手机制造商都选择从头开始设计手机以针对不识
字的用户，其中诺基亚公司就选择其他设计策略来进行应对，故推断出newbies一词与手机用户意思相近，
排除A、C项：D项与网络相关，也予以排除。
(5).Fogg believes that the future mobile phones could not（分数：2.00）
illiterates to learn alphabets.
tand the user"s ideas and points. √
users exercise their languages.
more direct and elegant.
解析：解析：观点态度题。B项中谈到手机能了解人的想法，而文中提到的则是手机能了解人的阅读弱点，
显然B项张冠李戴了。根据Fogg定位到第五段。该段中提到斯坦福大学福格博士预言手机能教用户学习字
母表、操练阅读，而且手机也会变得更加直观及雅致，故A、C、D项都是福格认为未来的手机能做到的内
容，均可排除。
When it came to moral "reasoning," we like to think our views on right and wrong are rational,
but ultimately they are grounded in emotion. Philosophers have argued over this claim for a quarter
of a millennium without resolution. Time"s up! Now scientists armed with brain scanners are
stepping in to settle the matter. Though reason can shape moral judgment, emotion is often decisive.
Harvard psychologist Joshua Greene does brain scans of people as they ponder the so-called trolley
problem. Suppose a trolley is rolling down the track toward five people who will die unless you
pull a lever that diverts it onto another track—where, unfortunately, lies one person who will
die instead. An easy call, most people say: minimizing the loss of life—a "utilitarian" goal,
as philosophers put it—is the right thing to do. But suppose the only way to save the five people
is to push someone else onto the track—a bystander whose body will bring the trolley to a halt
before it hits the others. It"s still a one-for-five swap, and you still initiate the action that
dooms the one—but now you are more directly involved; most peoplesay it would be wrong to do
this ? According toGreene"s brain scans,the second scenario more thoroughly excites parts
of the brain linked to emotion than does the lever-pulling scenario. Apparently the intuitive
aversion to giving someone a deadly push is stronger than the aversion to a deadly lever pull.
Further studies suggest that in both cases the emotional aversion competes for control with more
rational parts of the brain. In the second scenario the emotions are usually strong enough to
win. And when they lose, it is only after a tough wrestling match. The few people who approve
of pushing an innocent man onto the tracks take longer to reach their decision. So too with people
who approve of smothering a crying baby rather than catching the attention of enemy troops who
would then kill the baby along with other innocents. Princeton philosopher Peter Singer argues
that we should re-examine our moral intuitions and ask whether that logic merits respect in the
first place. Why obey moral impulses that evolved to serve the "selfish gene"—such as sympathy
that moves toward kin and friends? Why not worry more about people an ocean away whose suffering
we could cheaply alleviate? Isn"t it better to save 10 starving African babies than to keep your
90-year-old father on life support? Singer"s radically utilitarian brand of moral philosophy has
its work cut out for it. In the absence of arduous cranial wrestling matches, reason may indeed
be "slave of the passions."（分数：10.00）
(1).From the first two paragraphs, we can learn that（分数：2.00）
"reasoning" is actually based on reason, not on emotion.
ophers have resolved the dilemma between reason and emotion.
n plays a more important role than reason in moral judgment. √
philosophers pursue the utilitarian goal in the trolley problem.
解析：解析：推理判断题。答案在第一、二段里。转折信号词though往往标志着重要信息的出现，文中提
到尽管理性可以形成道德判断，但情感往往起着决定性作用，故排除A选C项。文中提到科学家们开始着
手解决难题，而非已经解决了这一难题。故B项排除；在第二段中提到绝大多数普通人追求“功利主义的”
目标，而D项则变成了大多数哲学家。张冠李戴。
(2).The word "swap" (line 3, Paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to（分数：2.00）
.
.
ge. √
.
解析：解析：词义推断题。此题还同时考查了考生对指代词的理解和把握，It在该句指代前一句所描述的
情况，即牺牲旁观者使电车停下以挽救另外5个人的性命，故swap有交换的意思，选C项。A项change(改
变)、B项gamble(赌博)、D项choice(选择)都与原文意思不符。
(3).It is stated in Paragraph 4 that those who support pushing the bystander to stop the trolley
（分数：2.00）
brutal and relentless.
y the same emotional aversion.
guilty about doing that.
struggled to make the decision. √
解析：解析：事实细节题。第四段提到支持将旁观者推入轨道的人要花更长的时间做决定，故选D项。文
章中对电车难题这一实验的描述是客观的。并无肯定或者否定任何一方，故排除A项；原文的确有提到情
感上的反感这一概念，但它所指的内容是“情感上的反感与理智做斗争从而争取控制权”，并未讨论赞成
把旁观者推人轨道的人们的反感情绪的比较，故B项错误；此外人们只是在做决定时因思想斗争而耗时较
长，原文未提到内疚。C项推断过度。
(4).Peter Singer seems to suggest that（分数：2.00）
should cast away our logic and respect emotion in the first place.
should not only concern about ourselves but start help each other.
who live in abundance should give a hand to those in poverty. √
should cut off life support for the old to achieve the utilitarian goals.
解析：解析：推理判断题。根据Peter Singer定位到第五段。彼得.辛格提出的一连串反问强调了处于强
势地位的人们因注意在做道德判断时不被情感奴役。避免私心，从而能够帮助更多的弱势群体，故选C项。
文中指出的是我们应该重新审视我们的道德直觉，并自问逻辑是否值得重视，并不能就此得出“我们应该
摒弃逻辑，让感性先行”，A项与事实不符；B项中的“相互帮助”表述不够准确；该段中只是提到相比较
花大代价维持90岁高龄的老父的生命，也许救助10个挨饿的非洲儿童更值得，但并不能就此推断我们就
应该切断老人的生命线，D项推断过度。
(5).The text intends to tell us that（分数：2.00）
n plays the decisive role when we make moral judgment. √
struggle between reason and emotion is an antique topic.
always struggle to make life and death decisions in our life.
n is more important and influential in our life than is reason.
解析：解析：主旨大意题。主旨大意一般出现在文章的开头或者结尾处，该篇文章开门见山讲明情感在道
德判断中起决定性作用，故选A项。此外文中的确提到是非观取决于情感还是理智是250年来哲学家一直
争论不休的问题，但这只是文中的一处细节，不足以总结全文的内容，故排除B项；C项中的always太过
绝对；此外文中强调的是就道德判断而言情感起决定性作用，D项把它推广到了在整个人生中起决定作用，
与事实不符。
For decades, ferry boats crossed the cold waters of Michigan"s Straits of Mackinac, shuttling
people and vehicles between the two halves of the split-up state. Since the 1880s, Michigan
residents dreamed of a bridge that would span the 4-mile gap between Mackinaw City and St. Ignace,
an area that limited tourism in Mackinac Island and disturbed commerce in the remote Upper
Peninsula. Because construction would be hard, with high winds and harsh winters, some engineers
suggested a floating tunnel or a series of small bridges instead. But, by the 1940s, with lines
for ferry boats sometimes stretching for 16 miles, the idea of one continuous span won out. And
what a span it turned out to be. Five miles long, the "Mighty Mac," which opened to traffic on
Nov. 1, 1957, was to become the world"s longest suspension bridge between cable anchorages. Even
today, it remains the longest suspension bridge in the Western Hemisphere and the third-longest
bridge in the world. Designed by engineer David an, the bridge was built in just three
years, on time and on budget. That was a remarkable feat in itself. But the challenges were so
great—-33 of the bridge"s 34 pieces had to be built under water—that five workers perished during
construction. One man died diving, one fell in a caisson while welding, another drowned, and two
fell from a catwalk. The bridge has seen many tragedies since. On Sept. 10, 1978, three National
Guard officers in a private plane got lost in a thick fog and crashed into the cables of the north
tower. In 1989, a woman was killed when gale force winds—and her excessive speed—lifted her
1987 Yugo into the air, sending it 150 feet into the water. And in 1997, a sport utility vehicle
took the plunge. Although authorities believed the latter incident to have been a suicide, the
bridge does not attract jumpers the way, for instance, the Golden Gate does. In 1977, Lawrence
Rubin of the Mackinac Bridge Authority shared his theory on the lack of leapers with the Detroit
News: "People who commit suicide like attention. But it"s you could jump off
this bridge, and it might take years before anybody found out." The bridge authority acknowledges
that the prospect of such excitement may be overwhelming for some, which is why it offers free
escorts for gephyrobiacs—people with a fear of crossing bridges. Each year, hundreds of drivers
take advantage of the service.（分数：10.00）
(1).According to the first paragraph, Michigan"s Straits of Mackinac（分数：2.00）
ed Michigan residents" dream to have a bridge.
a tourist attraction in Mackinac Island.
2024年4月7日发(作者：闾沈静)
考研英语（阅读）-试卷84
(总分：70.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、 Reading Comprehension(总题数：7，分数：70.00)
n II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________
解析：
ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by
choosing A, B, C or D.（分数：10.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________
解析：
Those days are long gone when placing a telephone call meant simply picking up the receiver and
asking the operator to patch you through. Modem cell phones require users to navigate a series
of menus to find numbers, place calls or check messages. Even the most tech-savvy may take weeks
to discover some of the more mysterious multimedia functions. Imagine the difficulty forsomeone
unable to read. That is the challenge for mobile communications companies aiming to branch out
into developing countries. The prospects seen from the last decade are alluring: only about one
third of China"s vast population and about one tenth of India"s use cell phones. But selling to
poor rural areas is not likely to happen with a marketing version of "plug and play." Most potential
buyers have little exposure to anything other than simple electronics. Reading through a series
of hierarchical menus and pushing buttons for multiple purposes would be new concepts for such
customers. To come up with a suitable device, Motorola relied on a team of anthropologists,
psychologists and designers to study how textually illiterate villagers use their aging
televisions, tape players and phones. The researchers noticed that their subjects would learn
each button"s dedicated function With something more complicated, such as an automated teller
machine, users would memorize a set of behaviors in order, which allowed them to move through
the machine"s basic hierarchy without having to read the research, which lasted three
years, led Motorola to craft a cellular phone slimmed down to three essential activities: calling,
managing numbers and simple text messaging. "A lot of the functions in a cell phone are not useful
to anyone," points out Gabriel White, who headed the interactive design icon-based
interface also required thought. Not all cell phone companies believe that a design for nonliterate
users should start from scratch. Nokia"s behavioral researchers noticed that "newbies" rely on
friends and relatives to help them with basic functions. Rather than confronting the challenge
of a completely new interface, Nokia chose to provide some audio menus in its popular 1100 model
and a preview mode so that people could try out functions without the risk of changing anything
important. Mobile phones may even become tools for literacy, predicts BJ Fogg, who studies
computer-human interaction at Stanford University. Phones might teach the alphabet or tell a story
as users read along. "Imagine if it eventually could understand your weak points and drill you
on those," Fogg proposes. And soon enough, he declares, designs or illiterate users will lead
to more straightforward, elegant phones for everyone.（分数：10.00）
(1).The difference between modern cell phones and old phones lies in that（分数：2.00）
requires more intelligence and education to use modern cell phones.
takes more weeks to get familiar with modern cell phones.
cell phones are more complicated with many functions. √
cell phones are more mysterious tools for people.
解析：解析：事实细节题。答案在第一段。该段主要就是介绍了过去的老式电话和现代手机使用方式上的
不同，突出了现代手机纷繁复杂的功能及其对用户造成的困扰，故选C项。A项内容在文中并无提及，属
过度推断；文中讲到手机玩家也需要几周时间来熟悉现代手机，B项中的more weeks推断过度；此外文中
提到现代手机的某些功能比较隐秘，而非手机本身是比较隐秘的工具，D项张冠李戴了。
(2).The sales of mobile phones to poor rural areas may be impossible probably because most
potential buyers（分数：2.00）
difficulty with menus of multiple purposes. √
accept new concepts of mobile phones.
read menus and push buttons of simple electronics.
not like the marketing strategy of "plug and play".
解析：解析：事实细节题，考查因果细节及转折细节。根据poor rural areas定位到第二段，段中But信
号词提示新信息出现的地方，这段内容提到一些营销策略在贫困的农村地区行不通，因为那里的大多数潜
在买家没有接触过复杂的电子产品，也就无法理解复杂菜单和按钮操作，故选A项。文中只是陈述了功能
复杂多样的手机对于农村地区的手机用户来说是全新的概念，并未提到他们因此而不能接受或者说排斥新
概念手机，故B项推断过度；该段中提到很多农村地区的潜在手机购买者只接触过用法简单的电子产品，
但并未具体提到诸如阅读菜单或者按按钮等具体操
(3).The researches held by Motorola showed that the textually illiterate villagers（分数：2.00）
willing to use old machines with little functions.
to take some lessons to learn the new functions.
remember the major function of each button.
avoid reading the hierarchy menus of the machine. √
解析：解析：推理判断题。根据Motorola定位到第三段。文中提到不识字的乡下人在遇到使用复杂电器的
情况时，往往按部就班记下操作流程而不看具体操作流程，故选D项。摩托罗拉的相关研究人员只是研究
乡下人如何使用老旧电器的，并不意味着乡下人就愿意使用旧电器，A项推断过度；B项文中未提及；C项
是强干扰项，原文提到，研究人员发现受试者能够记住每个按钮的专门用途，C项的major偷换了概念。
(4).The slang term of "newbies" (Line 2, Paragraph 5) most probably means（分数：2.00）
students.
ers. √
ns.
webs.
解析：解析：词义推断题。原文该处提到是在亲人朋友的帮助下学会基本操作，由此可推断newbies有“新
手”之义，B项正确。根据上下文，作者提到不是所有的手机制造商都选择从头开始设计手机以针对不识
字的用户，其中诺基亚公司就选择其他设计策略来进行应对，故推断出newbies一词与手机用户意思相近，
排除A、C项：D项与网络相关，也予以排除。
(5).Fogg believes that the future mobile phones could not（分数：2.00）
illiterates to learn alphabets.
tand the user"s ideas and points. √
users exercise their languages.
more direct and elegant.
解析：解析：观点态度题。B项中谈到手机能了解人的想法，而文中提到的则是手机能了解人的阅读弱点，
显然B项张冠李戴了。根据Fogg定位到第五段。该段中提到斯坦福大学福格博士预言手机能教用户学习字
母表、操练阅读，而且手机也会变得更加直观及雅致，故A、C、D项都是福格认为未来的手机能做到的内
容，均可排除。
When it came to moral "reasoning," we like to think our views on right and wrong are rational,
but ultimately they are grounded in emotion. Philosophers have argued over this claim for a quarter
of a millennium without resolution. Time"s up! Now scientists armed with brain scanners are
stepping in to settle the matter. Though reason can shape moral judgment, emotion is often decisive.
Harvard psychologist Joshua Greene does brain scans of people as they ponder the so-called trolley
problem. Suppose a trolley is rolling down the track toward five people who will die unless you
pull a lever that diverts it onto another track—where, unfortunately, lies one person who will
die instead. An easy call, most people say: minimizing the loss of life—a "utilitarian" goal,
as philosophers put it—is the right thing to do. But suppose the only way to save the five people
is to push someone else onto the track—a bystander whose body will bring the trolley to a halt
before it hits the others. It"s still a one-for-five swap, and you still initiate the action that
dooms the one—but now you are more directly involved; most peoplesay it would be wrong to do
this ? According toGreene"s brain scans,the second scenario more thoroughly excites parts
of the brain linked to emotion than does the lever-pulling scenario. Apparently the intuitive
aversion to giving someone a deadly push is stronger than the aversion to a deadly lever pull.
Further studies suggest that in both cases the emotional aversion competes for control with more
rational parts of the brain. In the second scenario the emotions are usually strong enough to
win. And when they lose, it is only after a tough wrestling match. The few people who approve
of pushing an innocent man onto the tracks take longer to reach their decision. So too with people
who approve of smothering a crying baby rather than catching the attention of enemy troops who
would then kill the baby along with other innocents. Princeton philosopher Peter Singer argues
that we should re-examine our moral intuitions and ask whether that logic merits respect in the
first place. Why obey moral impulses that evolved to serve the "selfish gene"—such as sympathy
that moves toward kin and friends? Why not worry more about people an ocean away whose suffering
we could cheaply alleviate? Isn"t it better to save 10 starving African babies than to keep your
90-year-old father on life support? Singer"s radically utilitarian brand of moral philosophy has
its work cut out for it. In the absence of arduous cranial wrestling matches, reason may indeed
be "slave of the passions."（分数：10.00）
(1).From the first two paragraphs, we can learn that（分数：2.00）
"reasoning" is actually based on reason, not on emotion.
ophers have resolved the dilemma between reason and emotion.
n plays a more important role than reason in moral judgment. √
philosophers pursue the utilitarian goal in the trolley problem.
解析：解析：推理判断题。答案在第一、二段里。转折信号词though往往标志着重要信息的出现，文中提
到尽管理性可以形成道德判断，但情感往往起着决定性作用，故排除A选C项。文中提到科学家们开始着
手解决难题，而非已经解决了这一难题。故B项排除；在第二段中提到绝大多数普通人追求“功利主义的”
目标，而D项则变成了大多数哲学家。张冠李戴。
(2).The word "swap" (line 3, Paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to（分数：2.00）
.
.
ge. √
.
解析：解析：词义推断题。此题还同时考查了考生对指代词的理解和把握，It在该句指代前一句所描述的
情况，即牺牲旁观者使电车停下以挽救另外5个人的性命，故swap有交换的意思，选C项。A项change(改
变)、B项gamble(赌博)、D项choice(选择)都与原文意思不符。
(3).It is stated in Paragraph 4 that those who support pushing the bystander to stop the trolley
（分数：2.00）
brutal and relentless.
y the same emotional aversion.
guilty about doing that.
struggled to make the decision. √
解析：解析：事实细节题。第四段提到支持将旁观者推入轨道的人要花更长的时间做决定，故选D项。文
章中对电车难题这一实验的描述是客观的。并无肯定或者否定任何一方，故排除A项；原文的确有提到情
感上的反感这一概念，但它所指的内容是“情感上的反感与理智做斗争从而争取控制权”，并未讨论赞成
把旁观者推人轨道的人们的反感情绪的比较，故B项错误；此外人们只是在做决定时因思想斗争而耗时较
长，原文未提到内疚。C项推断过度。
(4).Peter Singer seems to suggest that（分数：2.00）
should cast away our logic and respect emotion in the first place.
should not only concern about ourselves but start help each other.
who live in abundance should give a hand to those in poverty. √
should cut off life support for the old to achieve the utilitarian goals.
解析：解析：推理判断题。根据Peter Singer定位到第五段。彼得.辛格提出的一连串反问强调了处于强
势地位的人们因注意在做道德判断时不被情感奴役。避免私心，从而能够帮助更多的弱势群体，故选C项。
文中指出的是我们应该重新审视我们的道德直觉，并自问逻辑是否值得重视，并不能就此得出“我们应该
摒弃逻辑，让感性先行”，A项与事实不符；B项中的“相互帮助”表述不够准确；该段中只是提到相比较
花大代价维持90岁高龄的老父的生命，也许救助10个挨饿的非洲儿童更值得，但并不能就此推断我们就
应该切断老人的生命线，D项推断过度。
(5).The text intends to tell us that（分数：2.00）
n plays the decisive role when we make moral judgment. √
struggle between reason and emotion is an antique topic.
always struggle to make life and death decisions in our life.
n is more important and influential in our life than is reason.
解析：解析：主旨大意题。主旨大意一般出现在文章的开头或者结尾处，该篇文章开门见山讲明情感在道
德判断中起决定性作用，故选A项。此外文中的确提到是非观取决于情感还是理智是250年来哲学家一直
争论不休的问题，但这只是文中的一处细节，不足以总结全文的内容，故排除B项；C项中的always太过
绝对；此外文中强调的是就道德判断而言情感起决定性作用，D项把它推广到了在整个人生中起决定作用，
与事实不符。
For decades, ferry boats crossed the cold waters of Michigan"s Straits of Mackinac, shuttling
people and vehicles between the two halves of the split-up state. Since the 1880s, Michigan
residents dreamed of a bridge that would span the 4-mile gap between Mackinaw City and St. Ignace,
an area that limited tourism in Mackinac Island and disturbed commerce in the remote Upper
Peninsula. Because construction would be hard, with high winds and harsh winters, some engineers
suggested a floating tunnel or a series of small bridges instead. But, by the 1940s, with lines
for ferry boats sometimes stretching for 16 miles, the idea of one continuous span won out. And
what a span it turned out to be. Five miles long, the "Mighty Mac," which opened to traffic on
Nov. 1, 1957, was to become the world"s longest suspension bridge between cable anchorages. Even
today, it remains the longest suspension bridge in the Western Hemisphere and the third-longest
bridge in the world. Designed by engineer David an, the bridge was built in just three
years, on time and on budget. That was a remarkable feat in itself. But the challenges were so
great—-33 of the bridge"s 34 pieces had to be built under water—that five workers perished during
construction. One man died diving, one fell in a caisson while welding, another drowned, and two
fell from a catwalk. The bridge has seen many tragedies since. On Sept. 10, 1978, three National
Guard officers in a private plane got lost in a thick fog and crashed into the cables of the north
tower. In 1989, a woman was killed when gale force winds—and her excessive speed—lifted her
1987 Yugo into the air, sending it 150 feet into the water. And in 1997, a sport utility vehicle
took the plunge. Although authorities believed the latter incident to have been a suicide, the
bridge does not attract jumpers the way, for instance, the Golden Gate does. In 1977, Lawrence
Rubin of the Mackinac Bridge Authority shared his theory on the lack of leapers with the Detroit
News: "People who commit suicide like attention. But it"s you could jump off
this bridge, and it might take years before anybody found out." The bridge authority acknowledges
that the prospect of such excitement may be overwhelming for some, which is why it offers free
escorts for gephyrobiacs—people with a fear of crossing bridges. Each year, hundreds of drivers
take advantage of the service.（分数：10.00）
(1).According to the first paragraph, Michigan"s Straits of Mackinac（分数：2.00）
ed Michigan residents" dream to have a bridge.
a tourist attraction in Mackinac Island.