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黄花蒿植物中青蒿素的提取分离过程研究

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2024年5月20日发(作者:布安露)

中文摘要

本文研究了天津地区野生黄花蒿植物中青蒿素的提取和分离过程,确定了一条

由青蒿原料出发、较为合理的提取分离工艺路线,并通过误差反向传播(EBP)人

工神经网络技术成功地对提取过程进行了模拟。主要研究内容和结果为:

1.在前人研究的基础上,本文对青蒿素测定方法进行了验证,研究表明,用

紫外分光光度法测定青蒿素的含量,方法简便、准确,但NaOH溶液的质量浓度

应控制在0.2%±O.02%范围之内,否则Q292的吸光值降低,测定结果不准确。

2.根据文献,青蒿素含量达2mg/g以上的青蒿才有提取青蒿素的价值。本文

采用紫外分光光度法,经五次平行实验,测得天津地区黄花蒿中青蒿素的含量平

均为5.0377mg/g,由此认定该地区的青蒿素含量较高,有开发利用价值。

3.比较了冷漫法、索氏提取和恒温搅拌三种提取方式对青蒿素的提取回收率

(青蒿素提取量/原料青蒿素含量),结果分别为:46.48%、68.9%、79.60%,确认

恒温搅拌提取方式回收率最高。对石油醚恒温搅拌提取方式利用单因素实验分析

了温度、时间、搅拌速率、原料粒度、溶剂量等因素对青蒿素提取的影响,结果

表明,各因素对青蒿索提取在一定程度上表现为促进的作用,在一定范围内回收

率增加很快,但超过这个范围,提取回收率随之增加的趋势变缓且逐渐呈现下降

的趋势。采用四因素四水平正交实验方法,得到了青蒿素较好的提取工艺条件,

即提取时间180min,提取温度50。C,搅拌速度800r/min,原料粒度60目,每克

青蒿叶粉溶剂用量为60mL。经五次实验验证,在该条件下青蒿素提取回收率平均

为90%,文献报道的本工艺最好的提取回收率为83%。本实验结果为改进现有青

蒿素石油醚提取工艺提供参考。

4.本文采用质量浓度为70%的稀乙醇进行精制除蜡,效果较佳。采用正交实

验方法,得到了适宜的青蒿素萃取条件,即萃取液中添加剂苯的质量比例为0.2、

萃取液与原料液体积比例为1.0、萃取时间为3h,此时青蒿素的萃取质量比率高达

83.52%。通过结晶和重结晶操作,得到了青蒿素粗晶体。

5.通过对提取(恒温搅拌)、分离(溶剂萃取)、精制(结晶)工艺过程的研

究,最终确定了一条总提取回收率为81.5%(折合成青蒿素提取量/原料量为0.41%)

的青蒿素提取工艺路线,与文献报道的汽油法(青蒿素提取量/原料量为0.3%)、

乙醇法(青蒿素提取量/原料量为O.24%)相比有了很大的提高。

6.考虑到青蒿素提取其萃取产物和过程的复杂性,本文利用神经网络技术实

现了青蒿素提取过程的模拟,模拟结果与实验数据吻合甚好,在此基础上分析了

各因素对提取工艺的影响,结果表明提取温度、提取时间较其他因素对青蒿素提

取回收率的影响显著,可很好的指导实验设计和实验操作。

关键词:

黄花蒿青蒿素提取分离含量测定

ABSTRACT

Extractionand

separation

ofArtemisinin

from

wildArtemisia

wasstudiedinthis

dissertation,a

rationalextraction

annua

L.in

Tianjin

on

technical

route

based

Artemisininrawmaterialwas

established,and

thesimulationoftheextraction

process

wasachieved

using

the

oftheresearchincluded:

1.The

measurationmethodofArtemisinin

Was

verified

based

Oil

error

back-propagation

network.The

main

contents

and

results

previous

studies,

and

theUltraviolet

Spectrophotometry

wasselected

as

simple

accurate

method,but

themassconcentrationofNaOHsolutionshouldbewithin

0.2%±O.02%,otherwise,

the

absorbance

of

Q292

wouldbe

reduced,and

the

accuracy

ofthe

content

determinationwasalSOaffected.

2.Artemisinin

fromArtemisia

content

of

allnua

L.WaS

only

worth

extracting

when

it’S

to

literature.Using

theUltraviolet

as

Artemisinin

wasabove

2mg/g

according

content

of

Spectmphotometry,the

ArtemisininWaSdetermined

5.0377mg/g

afterfive

parallel

experiments.Thus

the

conclusion

WaSconfirmed

that

the

content

ofArtemisinin

in

Tianjin

Was

comparatively

high,and

Artemisia

arlnua

L.in

Tianjin

WaS

worth

exploiting

and

using.

3.The

constant—temperature

stirring

extractionwas

affirmed

having

the

highest

extraction

mass

rate

of

recovery,compared

wim

the

infusing

under

room

temperature

andSoxhletextraction

methods.whichmass

rate

of

recovery

was

46.48%and

68.9%.

Theeffectsof

temperature,time,stirring

speed,grinding

drgree

of

material,quantity

of

solvent

and

other

factors

on

theextraction

rate

of

recovery

were

discussed,and

the

resultswerealso

given

thatthosefactorswerebeneficial

to

theextractionof

Artemisinin

within

this

certain

range,and

the

extraction

rate

of

recovery

got

rapid

increase

within

range,then

the

increasing

tendency

slowed

down

and

graduallypresented

the

downtrend

beyond

this

range.By

the

optimizingexperiment,theappropriate

technical

conditions

were

established

rate

at

as

extraction

time

at

180min,temperature

at

50℃,stirring

grindingdegree

at

800

r/rain,material

60meshes,solvent

rate

quantity

at

60mL/g.Under

those

conditions,the

average

extraction

recovery

ofArtemisinin

was

90%,but

inliteraturewas

only

83%.These

experiment

results

could

be

improving

theextraction

techniques.

guide

for

4,The

solution

betterresultof

refining

and

dewaxing

Was

achieved

by

using

the

ethanol

with

massconcentration

of

70%.By

the

optimizingexperiment,the

appropriate

as

technical

conditionswere

establishedextractiontime

at

hours,mass

proportion

of

1.0.Undertheseadditivebenzeneat0.2.volume

proportion

ofextractionsolvent

at

2024年5月20日发(作者:布安露)

中文摘要

本文研究了天津地区野生黄花蒿植物中青蒿素的提取和分离过程,确定了一条

由青蒿原料出发、较为合理的提取分离工艺路线,并通过误差反向传播(EBP)人

工神经网络技术成功地对提取过程进行了模拟。主要研究内容和结果为:

1.在前人研究的基础上,本文对青蒿素测定方法进行了验证,研究表明,用

紫外分光光度法测定青蒿素的含量,方法简便、准确,但NaOH溶液的质量浓度

应控制在0.2%±O.02%范围之内,否则Q292的吸光值降低,测定结果不准确。

2.根据文献,青蒿素含量达2mg/g以上的青蒿才有提取青蒿素的价值。本文

采用紫外分光光度法,经五次平行实验,测得天津地区黄花蒿中青蒿素的含量平

均为5.0377mg/g,由此认定该地区的青蒿素含量较高,有开发利用价值。

3.比较了冷漫法、索氏提取和恒温搅拌三种提取方式对青蒿素的提取回收率

(青蒿素提取量/原料青蒿素含量),结果分别为:46.48%、68.9%、79.60%,确认

恒温搅拌提取方式回收率最高。对石油醚恒温搅拌提取方式利用单因素实验分析

了温度、时间、搅拌速率、原料粒度、溶剂量等因素对青蒿素提取的影响,结果

表明,各因素对青蒿索提取在一定程度上表现为促进的作用,在一定范围内回收

率增加很快,但超过这个范围,提取回收率随之增加的趋势变缓且逐渐呈现下降

的趋势。采用四因素四水平正交实验方法,得到了青蒿素较好的提取工艺条件,

即提取时间180min,提取温度50。C,搅拌速度800r/min,原料粒度60目,每克

青蒿叶粉溶剂用量为60mL。经五次实验验证,在该条件下青蒿素提取回收率平均

为90%,文献报道的本工艺最好的提取回收率为83%。本实验结果为改进现有青

蒿素石油醚提取工艺提供参考。

4.本文采用质量浓度为70%的稀乙醇进行精制除蜡,效果较佳。采用正交实

验方法,得到了适宜的青蒿素萃取条件,即萃取液中添加剂苯的质量比例为0.2、

萃取液与原料液体积比例为1.0、萃取时间为3h,此时青蒿素的萃取质量比率高达

83.52%。通过结晶和重结晶操作,得到了青蒿素粗晶体。

5.通过对提取(恒温搅拌)、分离(溶剂萃取)、精制(结晶)工艺过程的研

究,最终确定了一条总提取回收率为81.5%(折合成青蒿素提取量/原料量为0.41%)

的青蒿素提取工艺路线,与文献报道的汽油法(青蒿素提取量/原料量为0.3%)、

乙醇法(青蒿素提取量/原料量为O.24%)相比有了很大的提高。

6.考虑到青蒿素提取其萃取产物和过程的复杂性,本文利用神经网络技术实

现了青蒿素提取过程的模拟,模拟结果与实验数据吻合甚好,在此基础上分析了

各因素对提取工艺的影响,结果表明提取温度、提取时间较其他因素对青蒿素提

取回收率的影响显著,可很好的指导实验设计和实验操作。

关键词:

黄花蒿青蒿素提取分离含量测定

ABSTRACT

Extractionand

separation

ofArtemisinin

from

wildArtemisia

wasstudiedinthis

dissertation,a

rationalextraction

annua

L.in

Tianjin

on

technical

route

based

Artemisininrawmaterialwas

established,and

thesimulationoftheextraction

process

wasachieved

using

the

oftheresearchincluded:

1.The

measurationmethodofArtemisinin

Was

verified

based

Oil

error

back-propagation

network.The

main

contents

and

results

previous

studies,

and

theUltraviolet

Spectrophotometry

wasselected

as

simple

accurate

method,but

themassconcentrationofNaOHsolutionshouldbewithin

0.2%±O.02%,otherwise,

the

absorbance

of

Q292

wouldbe

reduced,and

the

accuracy

ofthe

content

determinationwasalSOaffected.

2.Artemisinin

fromArtemisia

content

of

allnua

L.WaS

only

worth

extracting

when

it’S

to

literature.Using

theUltraviolet

as

Artemisinin

wasabove

2mg/g

according

content

of

Spectmphotometry,the

ArtemisininWaSdetermined

5.0377mg/g

afterfive

parallel

experiments.Thus

the

conclusion

WaSconfirmed

that

the

content

ofArtemisinin

in

Tianjin

Was

comparatively

high,and

Artemisia

arlnua

L.in

Tianjin

WaS

worth

exploiting

and

using.

3.The

constant—temperature

stirring

extractionwas

affirmed

having

the

highest

extraction

mass

rate

of

recovery,compared

wim

the

infusing

under

room

temperature

andSoxhletextraction

methods.whichmass

rate

of

recovery

was

46.48%and

68.9%.

Theeffectsof

temperature,time,stirring

speed,grinding

drgree

of

material,quantity

of

solvent

and

other

factors

on

theextraction

rate

of

recovery

were

discussed,and

the

resultswerealso

given

thatthosefactorswerebeneficial

to

theextractionof

Artemisinin

within

this

certain

range,and

the

extraction

rate

of

recovery

got

rapid

increase

within

range,then

the

increasing

tendency

slowed

down

and

graduallypresented

the

downtrend

beyond

this

range.By

the

optimizingexperiment,theappropriate

technical

conditions

were

established

rate

at

as

extraction

time

at

180min,temperature

at

50℃,stirring

grindingdegree

at

800

r/rain,material

60meshes,solvent

rate

quantity

at

60mL/g.Under

those

conditions,the

average

extraction

recovery

ofArtemisinin

was

90%,but

inliteraturewas

only

83%.These

experiment

results

could

be

improving

theextraction

techniques.

guide

for

4,The

solution

betterresultof

refining

and

dewaxing

Was

achieved

by

using

the

ethanol

with

massconcentration

of

70%.By

the

optimizingexperiment,the

appropriate

as

technical

conditionswere

establishedextractiontime

at

hours,mass

proportion

of

1.0.Undertheseadditivebenzeneat0.2.volume

proportion

ofextractionsolvent

at

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