2024年4月3日发(作者：符诗双)
Write a few lines here to describe your experiences
satisfied, amused, amazed, proud, excitement, pleasure, happiness,
contentment, affection, and relaxation, etc.
Checking Your Vocabulary
Word Detective
1 Play detective and find the required word in Text B according to
the clues given. Then, make at least two sentences with each of the
words you have found. The number of the paragraph in which the
target word appears is given in brackets.
1) A verb meaning “to take hold of (a person or thing) with a sudden rough
movement”: (Para. 1)
Write down the target word here:
grab
a.
A young man grabbed the money and ran away.
b.
They grabbed her by the arm and forced her into their car.
2) An adjective meaning “suffering extreme need, anxiety, or loss of hope”:
(Para. 4)
Write down the target word here:
desperate
a.
Mary is desperate for money since she has been jobless for about
6 months.
b.
The project must be successful as it’s the last desperate attempt
to save the company.
3) A verb meaning “to press firmly together, especially from opposite sides”:
(Para. 4)
Write down the target word here:
squeeze
a.
Seeing her feeling so sad, he squeezed her arm sympathetically.
b.
Would you squeeze some oranges and make me a glass of juice?
4) A verb meaning “to set free, let go”: (Para. 6)
Write down the target word here:
release
a.
She released the rabbit from the trap.
b.
Finally he released his hold on her arm.
5) A verb meaning “to ask very strongly and seriously and in a begging way”:
(Para. 9)
Write down the target word here:
plead
a.
They wept and pleaded until we agreed to do as they wished.
b.
She pleaded for more time to pay back the money she borrowed.
6) An adjective meaning “that can be easily carried or moved, quite small and
light”: (Para. 12)
Write down the target word here:
portable
a.
A portable machine is designed to be easily carried or moved.
b.
Since I need to travel a lot for work I always carry a portable
computer with me.
7) A noun meaning “a slight short, sharp sound”: (Para. 13)
Write down the target word here:
click
a.
The key turned with a click and the door was open.
b.
A click of a button on the mouse controls the computer’s
functions.
8) A verb meaning “to make a search for, to try to find or get sth.”: (Para. 14)
Write down the target word here:
seek
a.
We are earnestly seeking after the truth.
b.
The travelers sought shelter from the rain.
2 Rewrite each of the following sentences with a phrase that
appears in Text B. Focus on the italicized parts. The number of the
paragraph in which the target phrase appears is given in brackets.
1) The train
came off
its rails and piled up in a cornfield during the
snowstorm. (Para. 5)
The train ran off its rails and piled up in a cornfield during the snow
storm.
2) On hearing the news she tried hard
not to show
her grief. (Para. 6)
On hearing the news she tried hard to fight back her grief.
3)
Since I felt unhappy at home, I left
when I was sixteen. (Para. 7)
I ran away from home when I was sixteen.
4) Why didn’t you say you were going to be late? I’ve been
extremely worried
about you.
(Para. 7)
Why didn’t you say you were going to be late? I’ve been worried
sick.
5) He said he’d call again, and
ended our phone talk suddenly.
(Para. 13)
He said he’d call again, and hung up on me.
6)
For quite a while she looked at him
in disbelief, shaking her head. (Para.
14)
She stared at him in disbelief, shaking her head.
7) I stood there
with a strong emotion of sorrow
and tried hard to fight back
tears. (Para. 16)
I stood there with a lump in my throat and tried hard to fight back
tears.
8) My mother-in-law is going to
look after
my son while I’m away. (Para. 17)
My mother-in-law is going to take care of my son while I’m away.
Checking Your Comprehension
1 Answer the following questions with the information contained in
Text B.
1) How did the writer feel when she heard the telephone ring at midnight?
She felt fear at the ringing of the telephone at midnight.
2) Why did the caller say “But don’t … don’t say anything, until I finish”?
Because she knew her mother very well and was afraid that her
mother would start lecturing her again before hearing her out.
3) What had happened to the caller?
She had run away from home and found out that she was pregnant.
On that particular night she got drunk and almost killed herself by
drunk-driving.
4) What was the caller’s complaint about her mother?
She complained that her mother was not listening to her and was
always telling her what she should do.
5) What did the caller want to do and how?
The caller wanted to go back home. She called a taxi, but thought
she could drive home.
6) Why did the writer insist that the caller should wait for the taxi?
Because the caller was drunk, the writer thought it was dangerous
for her to drive home on her own and she must wait for the taxi.
7) From the end of the story, what do you learn about who actually was the
caller?
The caller was a stranger, not the writer’s own daughter. She called
the writer by mistake.
8) What did the writer mean when she said “Maybe it wasn’t such a wrong
number”?
Although the girl called the wrong number, the result turned out to
be good, and the writer learned a valuable lesson from the phone
conversation and realized the importance to learn to listen when
communicating with her own child. That’s why she said “it wasn’t
such a wrong number”.
9) Can you figure out the reason why the writer did not tell the caller that she
had dialled the wrong number?
The writer herself was a mother and she understood the runaway
girl’s pain over her conflicts with her mother and her yearning to go
back home and be accepted. The writer also knew clearly the critical
situation the runaway girl was in. In order to keep the situation
under control and not to hurt the desperate caller, the writer did not
acknowledge that the caller had dialled
the wrong number.
2 The caller seemed to be facing some problems with her mother.
Fill in the table below about what her mother did, how she felt about
her mother and what she did finally.
What the mother did
1)
She kept telling her daughter what should be done.
2)
She seemed to have all the answers rather than listen to her
daughter.
How the caller felt and what she did
1)
She felt that her mother wasn’t listening to her.
2)
She felt that the mother never felt her feelings were important.
3)
The girl finally ran away from home.
3 Read the following sentences carefully and try to figure out the
feelings of the writer according to the context clues given in the
text.
1) Panicky thoughts filled my sleep-dazed mind … (Para. 1)
She (the writer) felt fear at the ringing of the phone at midnight.
2) I drew in a sharp shallow breath, released my husband and pressed my
hand against my forehead. (Para. 6)
She was surprised and upset.
3) I bit into my lip, feeling my own eyes fill with moisture. (Para. 11)
She was touched and felt like crying.
4) “That’s good, Honey,” I said, relief filling my chest. (Para. 18)
She felt more relieved.
5) “No!” I snapped. My muscles stiffened, … (Para. 20)
She felt frightened at the thought of the caller driving when drunk.
6) I listened to the silence in fear. When I didn’t hear her answer, I bit into
my lip and closed my eyes. (Para. 23)
She wasn’t feeling sure what was happening, so she felt somewhat
helpless.
7) Only when I heard someone in the background asking about a Yellow Cab
did I feel my tension easing. (Para. 25)
She felt relieved when she heard the taxi had arrived.
8) Moving from the bed, tears forming in my eyes, I walked out into the hall
and went to stand in my sixteen-year-old daughter’s room. (Para. 27)
She felt touched, and relieved at the same time that the situation
was under control and things came to a good end.
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in Action
2 In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this
unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form
where necessary.
1) There was a(n)
awkward
moment when she didn’t know whether to
shake his hand or kiss his cheek.
2) She breathed a sigh of
relief
when she found out she had passed her
exam.
3) Parents should really take extra care of their babies as many accidents
actually
occur
at home.
4) The government has two
options
; to reduce spending or to increase
tax.
5) The following program contains scenes that may be
disturbing
to
some viewers.
6) When the doctor told her that it was only a minor case, she
released
her husband’s arm.
7) The woman felt panicky and she spoke almost without
pausing
for
breath.
8) The policeman blew his whistle and the protesters
scattered
in all
directions.
9) He put a grape into his mouth and
swallowed
it whole.
10) Don’t
wipe
your nose on your sleeve, kid — that’s what your
handkerchief’s for!
11) I took my son to the zoo as a birthday
treat
.
12) As I
recall
, it was you who suggested this idea in the first place.
3 In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned
in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to
use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the
blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.
1) In just a few days he
became well acquainted with
all his new
classmates.
2) Jane has locked herself up in her room for the whole day. She
took us
by surprise
when she came out with her hair dyed red.
3) Let’s sit down quietly and
gather our thoughts
first before the
discussion.
4) To my surprise, the stranger
turned out
to be an old friend of my
mother’s.
5) Seeing Jim wearing a funny hat, Maggie tried hard to
fight back
a
desire to laugh.
6) Don’t
hang up on
me — I need to talk to you.
7) After quarrelling with his step-father, Colin
ran away
and hasn’t been
heard of ever since.
8) They’ve hired someone to
take care of
the children for a week.
9) When I asked him how he was doing, he
hemmed and hawed
before
telling me that he had just lost his job.
10) Once a very shy boy from a small mountainous village, he
turned into
a competent engineer in a matter of six years.
11) The newspaper refused to
keep
the facts
from
the public.
12) As we sat on the beach
soaking up
the sunshine, she started to tell
me her childhood stories.
Increasing Your Word Power
1 Complete the multiple choice exercise by choosing the right
answer.
1) All the following verbs can form acceptable collocations with the noun
RELATIONSHIP except ________.
a. make
b. create c. acknowledge d. deepen e. build
2) All the following adjectives can form acceptable collocations with the noun
RELATIONSHIP except ________.
a. close b. mutual c. intimate d. potential
e. fluent
3) All the following adjectives can form acceptable collocations with the noun
PANIC except ________.
a. blind b. sudden
c. sturdy
d. growing e. total
4) All the following verbs can go with the noun PANIC except ________.
a. feel b. cause c. create d. spread
e. throw
5) All the following verbs can go with the noun RELIEF except ________.
a. seek
b. create
c. experience d. express e. offer
6) All the following adjectives can form acceptable collocations with the noun
RELIEF except ________.
a. deep b. sheer c. temporary
d. desperate
e. obvious
7) All the following verbs can go with the noun MEMORY except ________.
a. lose b. arouse c. refresh
d. survive
e. cherish
8) All the following adjectives can form acceptable collocations with the noun
MEMORY except ________.
a.
early
b. sociable
c. lasting d. fond e. vivid
2 Many words in English can be used both as nouns and as verbs.
Complete all the sentences using either the noun form or the verb
form of the words given in the box. Change the form where
necessary.
1) Please
focus
your minds on the following problem.
2) She has constant
fears
that her husband will abandon (抛弃) her and the
kids.
3) The
focus
of recent research has been on environmental issues.
4) Her father died of a heart
attack
when there was no one else at home.
5) She
fears
that the child may have got a blood problem.
6) This kind of disease
attacks
the central nervous system.
7) She paid frequent
visits
to her parents and they were so happy to see her
every time she
visited
them.
8) The blind man
touched
the elephant’s ear and concluded that the
elephant is in the shape of a huge fan.
9) My long
chat
with my mother over the phone every day has relieved a lot
of my stress.
10) He has got a strange skin problem. Even a light
touch
on his face hurts.
11) The colour of the curtains and the paint on the wall do not
match
.
12) My husband often
chats
with me over dinner so I know very well what is
happening at his workplace.
13) The young couple are a perfect
match
.
14) Experts
fear
that the disease will spread far and wide.
3 Did you notice the suffixes -
y
, -
able
in words such as
panicky
and
portable
in this unit? The suffix -
able
can be added to a noun or a
verb to form an adjective, and -
y
can be put after a noun to form an
adjective. Now form adjectives by adding -
y
or -
able
to the words
given in the table and write down the Chinese meaning for each
adjective.
Nouns/Verbs Suffixes Adjectives Chinese
Meanings
fault
faulty
有错误的；有缺点的；不
完善的
guilt
hand
panic
pick
adapt -
y/-able
guilty
有罪的；有过失的
handy
手边的；方便的
panicky
惊恐的；易恐慌的
picky
吹毛求疵的；爱挑剔的
adaptable
能适应新环境的；适应性
强的
imagine
port
predict
rely
imaginable
可想象的；想得到的
portable 便于携带的；轻便的
predictable 可预言的；可预料的
reliable 可靠的；可信赖的
Complete each of the following sentences with a proper word you
have thus formed.
1) He pleaded
guilty
to charges of theft (盗窃) and robbery in court.
2) I’m sure she’ll cope with the changes very well; she’s very
adaptable
.
3) Keep your pills
handy
just in case you feel carsick.
4) The doctor tried every means
imaginable
to save the patient, but in vain.
5) Considering the great disparity (悬殊) in strength between the two teams,
the result is
predictable
.
6) Many people feel
panicky
when speaking before the public.
7) If the product you bought turns out to be
faulty
, you may request a repair
or a replacement.
8) He is such a
picky
eater that he won’t eat anything but fresh vegetable.
9) He’s not very
reliable
. You’d better not count on him to help you out.
10) A
portable
computer is a computer designed to be easily moved from
one location to another.
Grammar in Context
Observe the following sentences from both Text A and Text B,
paying special attention to the use of the past perfective aspect of
the verb. Then do the following two tasks.
Task 1: Combine each pair of sentences into one by making use of
the past perfect aspect of the verb.
1) a. We rushed to the railway station.
b. We found the train left already.
We rushed to the railway station, but found the train had left.
2) a. I learnt some English at high school in China.
b. I became an English Major at an American college after I finished high
school in China.
Before I became an English major at an American college, I had
learnt some English at high school in China.
3) a. I got to the cinema by bike.
b. Kathy got there even earlier and picked up the tickets.
Kathy had already picked up the tickets by the time I got to the
cinema by bike.
4) a. I shut the door.
b. Immediately afterwards the telephone rang.
No sooner had I shut the door than the telephone rang.
or: I had no sooner shut the door than the telephone rang.
5) a. The teacher explained the theory in detail.
b. Then the students understood.
The students did not understand until the teacher had explained
the theory in detail.
Task 2: A theft happened in a company last Saturday. John, the
person who was on duty, was telling a friend what had happened.
Imagine you are John and your partner his friend. Tell him what
happened using the following clues. You need to add what is
missing and make use of the past perfect aspect of verbs whenever
necessary to indicate the sequence of the events.
Before I left the office at 5 o’clock, I had locked the office door. When I
passed by the office an hour later, 1)
I saw the door open
. I felt a bit
surprised, so I stopped and went in to take a look. When I saw the mess in
the office, I knew 2)
the office had been broken into
. I took a quick look
around and found that 3)
quite a few things had been stolen
. I called
the police immediately. By the time the police arrived, my boss and my
colleagues 4)
had already come back to the office
. Tom said that 5)
the 200 dollars he had locked in his drawer was gone
. Dylan’s
camera, which he 6)
had just bought
, was also gone. My boss suffered
the heaviest loss. 7)
A few computers in the office had been stolen
.
The police searched the office, but were unable to find any clues.
Cloze
Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit.
The initial letter of each is given.
My mother and I always enjoyed our chat together under a pine tree in the
park. At our r
ecent
(1) meeting, however, her pale face took me by s
urprise
(2). I asked her what was wrong, and her s
ad / solemn
(3) look and
silence made me believe that she was k
eeping
(4) something bad from me.
Apparently, something serious was d
isturbing
(5) her. At first, she remained
silent. Finally, after my persistent i
nquiries
(6), she could not hold it any
longer and a
dmitted
(7) to me that she had a very serious heart disease. It
suddenly o
ccurred
(8) to me that three years ago, she had heart s
urgery
(9) but her condition did not improve afterwards and now there were hardly
any o
ptions
(10) left. I reached over and wrapped my arms t
ightly
(11)
around my mother and cried. As we sat there that cool April afternoon
s
oaking
(12) up the sun and smelling the fresh s
cent
(13) of the grass, I
had one wish in my heart that I could have more g
atherings
(14) with my
mother in the days to come.
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and
expressions given in brackets.
1) 我们是好朋友，可他居然将这么大的一件事瞒着我，实在令我吃惊。(keep
sth. from, take sb. by surprise)
We are good friends; however, he kept such an important matter
from me, which took me by surprise.
2) 在毕业典礼(commencement)上，她感到喉头哽咽，但她仍然忍住了泪水。
(a lump in one’s throat, fight back)
At the commencement, she felt a lump in her throat but fought back
her tears.
3) 汤姆昨晚和我聊天，他告诉我他的病已经得到控制，不需做外科手术。
(chat with, under control)
Tom chatted with me last night. He told me that his disease had
been brought under control, and there was no need for surgery.
4) 听说她的车驶离了公路，她的父母担心得要命。(run off, be worried sick)
Her parents were worried sick when they knew that she had run off
the highway.
5) 她满面愁容，不知有何心事。(on one’s mind)
She looks very worried; I wonder what’s on her mind.
6) 他是个害羞和安静的男孩，在走上讲台叙述自己的经历之前，他悄悄地坐在
礼堂(auditorium)的一角整理着思绪。(gather one’s thoughts)
He is a shy and silent boy. Before he went onto the stage to share
his experiences, he sat quietly in a corner of the auditorium,
gathering his thoughts.
7) 在乐队干了几年后，他又做回了独立音乐人(solo musician)，于是他的事业
又回到了原点。(come full circle, career)
After several years of working in a band, he has now gone back to
being a solo musician, so his career has come full circle.
8) 自己的儿子长成了一个能干的生意人，他总算放心了。(turn into, to one’s
relief)
To his relief his son has turned into a capable businessman.
Unit 4 > Key to Book Exercises
Listen and Respond
Read and Explore / Text A
Read and Explore / Text B
Optional Classroom Activities
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Listen and Respond
Task One Focusing on the Main Ideas
Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences
according to the information contained in the listening passage.
1) This talk is mainly about ________.
A) why teenagers refuse to listen to their parents
B) what the larger problems in the parent-teenager relationship are
C) what needs to be done to improve the parent-teenager relationship
D) what causes the communication problem between teenagers and
their parents
2) The speaker says that difficulty in communication between teenagers and
their parents is mainly caused by ________.
A) generation gap B) misunderstanding
C) lack of communication
D) different styles of thinking
3) The “taking out the trash” incident is a good example to show that
________.
A) teenagers should communicate more with their mothers
B) teenagers usually refuse to help their mothers with house chores
C) teenagers often miss the implied message in their mother’s
instruction
D) teenagers are usually unwilling to follow their mother’s instructions
4) The speaker believes that ________.
A) the “taking out the trash” incident is an exceptional case
B) unhappiness caused by small incidents at home can cause larger problems
C) misunderstanding between parents and their children is easy to be solved
D) it can be a serious cause of concern if miscommunication occurs
in bigger issues
Task Two Zooming In on the Details
Listen to the recording again and fill in each of the blanks according
to what you have heard.
Teenagers and their parents may often have difficulties communicating with
each other. Teenagers often think adults
don’t understand them
(1).
However, adults often think teenagers just
don’t listen to anything
(2)
they say. Some people may feel that the conflict between parents and
teenagers is caused by the
generation gap
(3). The speaker believes
that it lies mostly in implied statements that are not
fully communicated
(4) between a teenage child and a parent. In the “taking out the trash”
example, the mother feels that the teenager
should know what she
means
(5), but the teenager just doesn’t. Conversations like this take place
around our home every day. They cause
some unhappiness
(6) but are
totally normal, and can usually be solved quite soon. When this type of “lack
of communication”
gets involved with
(7) the bigger issues of teenagers,
larger problems can be caused. It is more difficult to
solve these larger
problems
(8) and it takes the efforts from both parents and teenagers
to
overcome such problems
(9).
↑返回顶部
Read and Explore / Text A
Task One Discovering the Main Ideas
Answer the following questions with the information contained in
Text A.
1) Describe Doctor Eppley in a few sentences.
Doctor Eppley was a soft-spoken gentleman, who practiced
medicine quietly in Enosburg, a small town in Vermont. He won the
respect of the people in the town soon after he moved there.
2) What did the people in the town of Enosburg think of Doctor Eppley?
They thought he was a good man, a smart, honourable and
industrious man who lived an honest life.
3) Why did the writer go to a university far away from home?
Because he was tired of being regarded as “Doctor Eppley’s son”
only. He wanted to be independent.
4) How did the writer like his university life?
He liked his university life as he became independent of his father.
He was proud of himself because he made friends and was well liked
by the others without the help of his father.
5) Compare the attitudes of the woman in the car accident before and after
she learned that the writer was Doctor Eppley’s son. Why do you think she
changed her attitude?
The woman was furious and quite rude towards Harold at first. She
questioned whether he had insurance and put the blame for the car
accident on Harold alone. As soon as she learned that Harold was
Doctor Eppley’s son, she apologized that she had not recognized him
at first. She then changed her attitude because she knew that
Doctor Eppley was a respectable man and felt the son of such a good
man as Doctor Eppley could easily be forgiven.
2 Fill in the table below with relevant information from the text
about the writer’s attitude towards his father. Be sure to make use
of the clues from the text.
Changes in the writer’s attitude towards his father
When he was a child, the writer
respected his father very much and he was proud of having such a
good father.
Clues from the text that indicate the attitude
He beamed when people compared him to his father.
He was glad to be surrounded by his classmates because he was
Doctor Eppley’s son.
Changes in the writer’s attitude towards his father
When he was a teenager, the writer
became defiant and rebellious and he wanted to be independent.
Clues from the text that indicate the attitude
He was unhappy when people referred to him as Doctor Eppley’s
son, and he told them that he was Harold and could manage well on
his own.
He went to a university far away from home to escape from his
father’s good name.
He started to call his father “Sam” and did not stop doing so even
after he knew this bothered his father.
He talked to his father in a very disrespectful or rude manner.
Changes in the writer’s attitude towards his father
After the car accident, the writer
was grateful to his father and he respected his father even more.
Clues from the text that indicate the attitude
He hugged his father at the New Year’s Party and thanked him
sincerely.
He called his father “Dad” instead of “Sam.”
Task Two Reading Between the Lines
1 Read the following sentences carefully and try to figure out the
feelings or attitude of the speakers according to the context clues in
Text A.
1) “If you are anything like your father, you’ll be a smart boy.” (Para. 2)
The first-grade teacher’s tone is complimentary and encouraging.
2) “Why are you acting so stubborn lately?” (Para. 5)
The writer’s father was annoyed and felt hurt because his son had
called him by his first name, Sam.
3) “Well, Sam,” I replied, “I suppose that bothers you.” (Para. 6)
This shows that the writer had become defiant and rebellious. He
wanted to be independent.
4) I glared at him. “Sam, I’m sick of being treated like a child. I’m in college
now. Don’t you think I know how to drive?” (Para. 17)
When his father told him to be careful when driving, he became
annoyed and defiant.
5) “Why didn’t you look where you were going?” (Para. 21)
The woman became furious about the accident and her tone was
one of accusation.
6) “Do you have insurance? Can you pay for this? Who are you?” (Para. 24)
The woman was very angry with the writer. She blamed him for
having caused the accident.
7) “I didn’t realize who you were.” (Para. 26)
After learning that the boy was Doctor Eppley’s son, the woman
became apologetic and felt rather regretful for what she had
previously said.
8) “Are you hurt?” (Para. 28)
The writer’s father spoke in a very concerned tone. He was worried
about the writer.
9) “Thank you, Dad. Happy New Year.” (Para. 31)
The writer was grateful to his father and he started to respect his
father even more.
↑返回顶部
Read and Explore / Text B
Checking Your Vocabulary
Word Detective
Play detective and find the required word in Text B according to the
clues given. Then, make at least two sentences with each of the
words you have found. The number of the paragraph in which the
target word appears is given in brackets.
1) A verb meaning “to fill with terror or fear”: (Para. 10)
Write down the target word here:
terrify
a.
Flying terrifies my mother-in-law. That’s why she has never
visited me.
b.
The thought of dying of kidney cancer terrified him.
2) An adjective meaning “having a highly developed social organization or
in a state of civilization”: (Para. 3)
Write down the target word here:
civilized
a.
Such brutal acts should not be allowed in civilized countries.
b.
We aim to create an orderly, civilized and harmonious society.
3) A noun meaning “a building that gives cover or protection from bad
weather, danger or attack”: (Para. 4)
Write down the target word here:
shelter
a.
I am really grateful to you for providing me food and shelter.
b.
After the earthquake, millions fled the country to seek shelter
elsewhere.
4) An adjective meaning “feeling annoyed, upset, and impatient because
you cannot do what you want to do or achieve what you want”: (Para. 8)
Write down the target word here:
frustrated
a.
He felt very frustrated to learn that he failed in the final exam.
b.
Exhausted and frustrated, they decided to stop the search for the
missing
dog in the forest.
5) A verb meaning “to pull (sth. heavy) along with great effort”: (Para. 11)
Write down the target word here:
drag
a.
He got up and dragged his chair towards the table.
b.
Every time we went shopping together, Jane would drag her
daughter along.
6) An adjective meaning “confident and free to do things without needing any
help from other people”: (Para. 1)
Write down the target word here:
independent
a.
Going away to college has made me much more independent.
b.
Students should learn to be independent of their teachers.
2 Match the word in Column A with its meaning in Column B. Put the
corresponding letter in the blank following each word.
Column A Column B
1)
b
ambitious
2)
h
rebellious
3)
g
physically
b. having a strong desire for success,
power, wealth, etc.
c. in a quiet and calm way, without
worry or excitement
a. feeling slightly angry or impatient
4)
e
restless d. wanting sb. to have feelings of
love or friendship only for oneself
5)
d
e. unable or unwilling to keep still,
possessive esp. because one is nervous or lack
of interest
6)
c
peacefully
f. belonging to a society that has a
very simple way of life, without
modern industries and machines
7)
a
annoyed
8)
f
primitive
g. in relation to the body rather than
the mind or the soul
h. difficult to control and do not
behave in the way as expected
3 Rewrite each of the following sentences with a phrase that
appears in Text B. Focus on the italicized parts. The number of the
paragraph in which the target phrase appears is given in brackets.
1) After only a few years of marriage, Kaven and John began to
feel distant
towards each other
. (Para. 1)
After only a few years of marriage, Kaven and John began to grow
apart.
2) When Janet was out with her date late at night, her parents would
not go
to bed
until she returned home. (Para. 9)
When Janet was out with her date late at night, her parents would
stay up until she returned home.
3) Some parents are rather protective. They want to
have full control over
their children. (Para. 12)
Some parents are rather protective. They want to have a tight rein
on their children.
4) She bought a handphone for her teenage son so that she can
reach
him
anytime she wants. (Para. 12)
She bought a handphone for her teenage son so that she can get
hold of him anytime she wants.
5) I did not follow my parents’ advice, and I
finally got myself into trouble
.
(Para. 13)
I did not follow my parents’ advice, and I ended up in trouble.
Checking Your Comprehension
1 Answer the following questions with the information contained in
Text B.
1) What, according to the author, did people in primitive tribes do as they
grew up?
They learned the necessary survival skills such as hunting, fishing
and keeping house and then got married and built their own new
home near their parents’.
2) In what ways is people’s life today similar to that in primitive times?
The basic needs of the human beings are still the same: we still need
to learn all the survival skills.
3) According to the author, why are teenagers frustrated, restless and
rebellious?
Physically they mature earlier, but there is so much more to learn in
today’s world that it takes them longer to get ready to become
independent. This mismatch between physical maturity and mental
immaturity makes them frustrated, restless and rebellious.
4) How did her parents respond when Marjorie returned home late?
They would sit up waiting for her and they were angry with her.
2 Read the following sentences carefully and discuss in pairs what
the author intends to say by the italicized parts.
1) We call this a
primitive
way of life but it’s what human beings have
adapted to through hundreds of thousands of years. And it’s what we are still
adapted to in the 21st century,
for man hasn’t changed much in the short
time since he became civilized.
(Para. 3)
Man’s basic needs are still the same. Despite all the developments
they have made, human beings still have to learn the basic survival
skills. In this sense, Man hasn’t really changed too much.
2)
Physically,
we become adults younger and younger.
Socially, we become
adults older and older.
(Para. 7)
We mature earlier physically, but we become mature much later as
social beings — we are unable to be independent and survive on our
own in the modern world until much later.
3) I was scared of them being annoyed with me, so I used to try and be in on
time,
but sometimes things didn’t always work out like that.
(Para. 10)
I was scared of them being annoyed with me, so I used to try and be
in on time, but sometimes I just wasn’t able to get back home in
time.
4) The ironic thing, of course, is that my friends’ parents were more lenient,
and yet it was me who ended up in trouble.
(Para. 13)
The strange thing is, I was the one who got into trouble despite my
parents’ strict control. My friends, whose parents had less control
over them, all turned out to be fine.
3 Sum up what the text says about similarities and differences
between growing up in the primitive society and the modern society
and write down your answers in the space provided.
Similarities：
1)
We need to learn all the survival skills we need.
2)
Basic skills such as starting a family, house-keeping and looking
after our family are similar in both societies.
Differences：
1)
In the primitive society, people had to learn how to hunt or fish,
which may not be essential in modern society.
2)
In the primitive society, people, in their early teens, would be
ready to marry and set up house usually near their family in the
village they knew. In the modern society, according to the
author, we need to learn much more skills in order to be on our
own. Therefore, we stay longer with our parents and it seems
that we take longer to become independent.
↑返回顶部
Optional Classroom Activities
1 Marjorie’s parents may remind us of other parents who, when
trying to make sure everything “goes fine” with their children, do
things that their children can not accept. Discuss with your friends
and list a few things that your parents may have done against your
will. Explain why you dislike them.
Things your parents did
a.
making all decisions for me
b.
checking on me through my classmates or friends
c.
never admitting their own mistakes
d.
setting too many rules and restrictions on me
Why you dislike such things
a.
made me feel distrusted and incompetent
b.
made me feel distrusted
c.
made me feel that I was always in the wrong
d. did not give me enough space for personal development; made
me feel distrusted
2 Parents may fall into different types. Some let their children do
anything they want. Some try to have full control over everything
their children do. List the problems that may be caused by each
type.
Problems caused by parents who let their children do anything they want
a.
Children may make a wrong decision that affects their future
life.
b.
Children may be influenced by bad friends.
c.
Too much freedom spoils children.
d.
Children may become too wilful.
Problems caused by parents who control everything their children do
a.
Children may become rebellious.
b.
Children may have a bad relationship with their parents.
c.
Children may not want to share with their parents what they do
outside home.
d.
Children may become very timid.
e.
Children’s development of a creative personality may be
hampered.
↑返回顶部
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in Action
Working with Words and Expressions
1 Listed in the boxes below are some of the words that you need to
be very familiar with. Now work in pairs and make sentences with
each of them to see if you have really mastered their usages. You
are encouraged to consult a dictionary if you are still not quite sure
about their meanings and usages.
1) When the father learned about his son’s school performance, he beamed
with satisfaction.
2) How do people celebrate New Year’s Day in your country?
3) What are you complaining about? You have already got everything you
want.
4) There were 24 people enrolled in the French class.
5) The children panicked when they saw the serious look on the teacher’s
face.
6) When I turned off the TV, all my three kids protested.
7) He is too stubborn to admit that he was wrong.
8) George is very ambitious about his future though he is just a teenager.
9) My son is very good at figures, and he plans to take up Mathematics as
his major.
10) He got very frustrated when he learned that he had failed the exam
again.
11) Being a very possessive father, he felt very unhappy when he learned
his daughter was going to get married.
12) How can you keep your children at home for the whole week? Of course,
they will get restless.
2 In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this
unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form
where necessary.
1) She finds herself in
conflict
with her parents over her future career.
2) The two parties finally
overcame
their differences on the matter of
interest rate (利率).
3) Some strange customs
have survived
from earlier times.
4) Please let us know if you can
attend
the meeting scheduled (事先安排) for
the coming Thursday.
5) She
frowned
with displeasure as she was reading her son’s school report.
6) Students are likely to let their minds
wander
if the teacher’s lectures are
dull and boring.
7) I always feel so
guilty
about not visiting my parents more often, but I do
have lots of things to cope with every day.
8) The local farmers
sustained
heavy losses during the flood season.
9) The next morning we all went out to
survey
the damage caused by the
fire.
10) The sudden appearance of a tiger from the woods
terrified
us all.
11) International students are required to carry medical
insurance
as a
condition of enrollment (注册).
12)
Adapting
to a new culture is no easy task because there are lots of
cultural differences to overcome.
3 In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned
in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to
use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the
blank-filling exercises. Change the form where necessary.
1) The old man
was sick of
having arguments all the time with his wife.
2) “You really can’t imagine what I have gone through,” Mary said,
choking
back
her tears.
3)
Compared with
growing up in primitive societies, growing up in today’s
world is in some ways harder.
4) When I first
settled into
teaching in this small town, I felt very awkward,
for my neighbors wanted to know everything about me.
5) The boys
would give anything / the world
to meet that football star.
6) Tom rushed into the room when Jane and I were
in the midst of
a
conversation.
7) It’s true that his father is a world-famous movie star, but Jack became
famous
in his own right
.
8) We didn’t plan it like that but it
worked out
very well.
9) At first he found it extremely hard to
fit in with
his colleagues at the new
company.
10) When I was in my teens, I gradually
grew apart
from my parents, only
to realize how wrong I was in my later years.
11) I’m sorry to hear that you’re suffering from a severe cold.
No wonder
you did not turn up at the party yesterday.
12) It is not a healthy habit
staying up
too late.
13) I
was annoyed with
my mother’s tight control over me and ended up
shouting at her one day.
14) The boy
was scared of
his mother because she would always scold(责
怪) him if he did anything wrong.
15) Because of my carelessness, I soon found myself
in trouble
again and
then I realized that what my mother had said was right.
16) He is not a very responsible person.
For instance
, he promised to come
to our meeting, but never even responded when we invited him.
Increasing Your Word Power
1 The words listed in the following box can be used to describe
either a teenager or a parent. Go over each word carefully and then
choose the right word to complete each sentence.
1) He is a very
possessive
father. He says “no” to all his daughter’s
boyfriends.
2) A(n)
over-protective
parent usually weakens his / her child’s belief in his
/ her ability to solve his / her own problems.
3) Are you a(n)
frustrated
parent whose teenager always makes angry
scenes when you try to get him or her to “just DO something”?
4) His
possessive
mother wants him to ring her 3 times a day at least to
keep her informed of what he does at school.
5) It is often the case that in a family one parent is usually slightly
lenient /
strict
and the other is slightly
strict / lenient
.
6) Teenagers are rather
rebellious
as they often prefer to be on their own
and refuse to listen to their parents.
7) Don’t blame him: he’s just a(n)
frustrated
teenager who feels that he is
unable to find his position in life.
8) Don’t blame him for not wanting to stay at home. He is just a
restless
teenager longing for adventure.
9) She used to be a(n)
stubborn
teenager who thought that whatever she
believed was correct.
2 Match the verbs in the box with the nouns below so that they form
correct collocations. If you are in doubt, consult a dictionary. Put the
verbs in the space provided and each verb is to be used only once.
Then write down six sentences of your own using the collocations.
1)
survey
the damage 2)
sustain
dents
3)
attend
a meeting 4)
terrify
somebody
5)
wrap
presents 6)
recall
an event
Write down your own sentences here.
1)
After surveying the damage, we concluded that it was caused by
animals.
2)
His car sustained dents when it hit the road block.
3)
The teachers will attend our meeting this afternoon.
4)
The stern expression on his face terrified me.
5)
Please wrap the presents carefully.
6)
When he recalled what happened ten years ago, he still couldn’t
help feeling sorry.
3 Did you notice the suffixes -
ize
, -
ify
in words such as realize,
terrify in this unit? The suffixes -
ize
, -
ify
can be added to nouns or
adjectives to form verbs. Now form verbs by adding -
ize
or -
ify
to
the words given in the table and write down the Chinese meaning
for each verb.
Nouns /
Adjectives
beauty
just
Suffixes Verbs Chinese Meanings
beautify
justify
使美起来；美化
证明…正当；证明…无
罪
modern
popular
pure
simple
symbol
test
theory
modernize
popularize
purify
simplify
symbolize
testify
theorize
使现代化
使大众化；普及，推广
使纯净；提纯
简化；使简易
作为…的象征，标志
作证，证明；表明
使理论化；从理论上说
明
-ize/-ify
Complete each of the following sentences with a proper word you
have thus formed.
1) The procedures have been
simplified
so that users can operate the
system easily.
2) The flower baskets and paintings helped to
beautify
the church.
3) The pursuit of good ends does not
justify
the employment of bad means.
4) He decided to
testify
on behalf of the accused man before the jury (陪审
团).
5) It is much easier to
theorize
about a solution than to actually put it into
practice.
6) The government is making efforts to
popularize
solar energy industry in
response to national energy shortage.
7) Research has shown that certain green plants can
purify
indoor air and
regulate humidity.
8) Many people deeply
sympathized
with the victims of the disaster and
donated whatever they could to help them out.
9) In religion and art, an eagle stands for freedom and strength, while a dove
symbolizes
peace and purity.
10) The company has made massive investments in
modernizing
its
assembly line (生产线).
Grammar in Context
Task 1: Discuss with a partner and explain whether the highlighted
verbs below have different meanings when used transitively or
intransitively.
1) a. I
survived
my last years of high school until finally I turned eighteen.
(Para. 9, Text A)
b. Thousands of people were killed in the disaster, but he
survived
.
a.: vt.; b.: vi., with the same meaning: “did not die”
2) a. And so when strangers asked me if I was Doctor Eppley’s son, I
replied
emphatically, … (Para. 4, Text A)
b. I wrote him a letter telling him that I would pay him a visit, and he
replied
that he would be glad to see me again.
a.: vi. meaning “respond in words”
b.: vt. meaning “write back”
3) a. And I can
manage
quite well on my own. (Para. 4, Text A)
b. He had been
managing
the business for six years before it made a profit.
a.: vi. meaning “succeed in dealing with sth.”
b.: vt. meaning “be in control or in charge of”
4) a. I was sixteen years old and the neighbors still
called
me “Doctor
Eppley’s son.” (Para. 3, Text A)
b. I’ve got to
call
at the bank to get some cash.
a.: vt. meaning “say or consider that (sb. or sth.) is (sth.)”
b.: vi. meaning “pay a brief visit”
Task 2: Read the sentences below and decide whether each one
contains an error in the use of transitive or intransitive verbs. Put a
tick (√) before the sentence that is correct. Put a cross (×) before
the incorrect sentence and make corrections in the space given
below.
×
1. The couple argued each other right after they got married and refused
to make up.
(argued with each other)
×
2. The accident was happened right at this spot.
(The accident happened …)
× 3. Tommy went to the party and he really enjoyed.
(enjoyed it)
√ 4. John really has green fingers. He grows a variety of beautiful flowers in
his garden.
√ 5. Your mother is critically ill. She may not be able to survive this winter.
×
6. The boy did not like the new maid. He shouted her every time she tried
to touch him.
(shouted at)
√
7. Can you imagine that Jack called me a thief?
√
8. It is quite late now; let me walk you to the bus stop.
Cloze
Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit.
The initial letter of each is given.
When I was a child, I was really proud of having a father who was a well-
respected doctor. I b
eamed
(1) whenever my teachers said that I was set to
become an h
onorable
(2) man like my father. However, all this changed
when I grew into a teenager. I felt a
wkward
(3) that everybody around me
only remembered me as Dr. Song’s son. I p
rotested
(4) and told them that I
would prefer to stand on my own two feet. However, my c
omplaints
(5)
were never taken seriously and I continued to hear c
ompliments
(6) about
me, which were really meant for my father. I then grew very s
tubborn
(7)
and even refused to call my father “Dad.” Although my father f
rowned
(8)
whenever I called him “Lao Song,” my attitude towards him, as I now r
ecall
(9), did not change until I had a car accident one day. I hit a young man’s car
and p
anicked
(10) as he threatened to beat me up when I told him I had no
car i
nsurance
(11). When I got off my car and s
urveyed
(12) the damage, I
could not help g
roaning
(13). Out of fear, I told him “I’m Dr. Song’s son.” At
this, a sign of r
ecognition
(14) lit up his face; he smiled and forgave me.
What could have been a very difficult situation turned out to be fine just
because I was Dr. Song’s son. How thankful I felt towards my father.
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and
expressions given in brackets.
1) 很多老师不赞同这种做法。(frown on)
Many teachers frowned on this practice.
2) 当我想从草地上穿过去的时候，有位老人在旁边怒视着我。(glare at)
An old man glared at me when I was trying to cut across the lawn.
3) 当我提到我的父亲时，她的脸上露出了认出我的笑容。(recognition)
When I mentioned my father, she showed a smile of recognition on
her face.
4) 我的大孩子比较听话, 而小的那个非常倔。我现在还常回想起小的孩子在中
学毕业后是如何执意要出国读书的。(whereas, stubborn, recall)
My firstborn was quite obedient, whereas my younger child was very
stubborn. I can still recall now how the younger child insisted on
going abroad to study after he finished his secondary school.
5) 当海啸(tsunami)袭来时，许多东南亚国家遭受了巨大的损失。(sustain)
Countries in South East Asia sustained great losses when the
tsunami struck the area.
6) 每当做母亲的拿弟弟跟哥哥作比较，弟弟就要抗议。(compare with,
protest)
Every time the mother tries to compare the younger brother with his
elder brother, the younger one will protest.
7) 当他初到这个新学校的时候，发现自己与其他同学格格不入。(fit in with)
He found himself unable to fit in with his classmates when he first
came to this school.
8) 她脸上气急败坏的表情实在把我吓坏了。我再也不敢说个不字。(terrify)
The fury on her face terrified me. I dared not say no to her again.
9) 怪不得你最后闯出祸来，原来你从来不听你父母的管教。(no wonder, end
up
in trouble)
No wonder you ended up in trouble. You never followed your
parents’ advice.
10) 他花了整整两年的时间才慢慢适应了这个新环境。(adapt to)
It took him two years to adapt to the new environment.
2024年4月3日发(作者：符诗双)
Write a few lines here to describe your experiences
satisfied, amused, amazed, proud, excitement, pleasure, happiness,
contentment, affection, and relaxation, etc.
Checking Your Vocabulary
Word Detective
1 Play detective and find the required word in Text B according to
the clues given. Then, make at least two sentences with each of the
words you have found. The number of the paragraph in which the
target word appears is given in brackets.
1) A verb meaning “to take hold of (a person or thing) with a sudden rough
movement”: (Para. 1)
Write down the target word here:
grab
a.
A young man grabbed the money and ran away.
b.
They grabbed her by the arm and forced her into their car.
2) An adjective meaning “suffering extreme need, anxiety, or loss of hope”:
(Para. 4)
Write down the target word here:
desperate
a.
Mary is desperate for money since she has been jobless for about
6 months.
b.
The project must be successful as it’s the last desperate attempt
to save the company.
3) A verb meaning “to press firmly together, especially from opposite sides”:
(Para. 4)
Write down the target word here:
squeeze
a.
Seeing her feeling so sad, he squeezed her arm sympathetically.
b.
Would you squeeze some oranges and make me a glass of juice?
4) A verb meaning “to set free, let go”: (Para. 6)
Write down the target word here:
release
a.
She released the rabbit from the trap.
b.
Finally he released his hold on her arm.
5) A verb meaning “to ask very strongly and seriously and in a begging way”:
(Para. 9)
Write down the target word here:
plead
a.
They wept and pleaded until we agreed to do as they wished.
b.
She pleaded for more time to pay back the money she borrowed.
6) An adjective meaning “that can be easily carried or moved, quite small and
light”: (Para. 12)
Write down the target word here:
portable
a.
A portable machine is designed to be easily carried or moved.
b.
Since I need to travel a lot for work I always carry a portable
computer with me.
7) A noun meaning “a slight short, sharp sound”: (Para. 13)
Write down the target word here:
click
a.
The key turned with a click and the door was open.
b.
A click of a button on the mouse controls the computer’s
functions.
8) A verb meaning “to make a search for, to try to find or get sth.”: (Para. 14)
Write down the target word here:
seek
a.
We are earnestly seeking after the truth.
b.
The travelers sought shelter from the rain.
2 Rewrite each of the following sentences with a phrase that
appears in Text B. Focus on the italicized parts. The number of the
paragraph in which the target phrase appears is given in brackets.
1) The train
came off
its rails and piled up in a cornfield during the
snowstorm. (Para. 5)
The train ran off its rails and piled up in a cornfield during the snow
storm.
2) On hearing the news she tried hard
not to show
her grief. (Para. 6)
On hearing the news she tried hard to fight back her grief.
3)
Since I felt unhappy at home, I left
when I was sixteen. (Para. 7)
I ran away from home when I was sixteen.
4) Why didn’t you say you were going to be late? I’ve been
extremely worried
about you.
(Para. 7)
Why didn’t you say you were going to be late? I’ve been worried
sick.
5) He said he’d call again, and
ended our phone talk suddenly.
(Para. 13)
He said he’d call again, and hung up on me.
6)
For quite a while she looked at him
in disbelief, shaking her head. (Para.
14)
She stared at him in disbelief, shaking her head.
7) I stood there
with a strong emotion of sorrow
and tried hard to fight back
tears. (Para. 16)
I stood there with a lump in my throat and tried hard to fight back
tears.
8) My mother-in-law is going to
look after
my son while I’m away. (Para. 17)
My mother-in-law is going to take care of my son while I’m away.
Checking Your Comprehension
1 Answer the following questions with the information contained in
Text B.
1) How did the writer feel when she heard the telephone ring at midnight?
She felt fear at the ringing of the telephone at midnight.
2) Why did the caller say “But don’t … don’t say anything, until I finish”?
Because she knew her mother very well and was afraid that her
mother would start lecturing her again before hearing her out.
3) What had happened to the caller?
She had run away from home and found out that she was pregnant.
On that particular night she got drunk and almost killed herself by
drunk-driving.
4) What was the caller’s complaint about her mother?
She complained that her mother was not listening to her and was
always telling her what she should do.
5) What did the caller want to do and how?
The caller wanted to go back home. She called a taxi, but thought
she could drive home.
6) Why did the writer insist that the caller should wait for the taxi?
Because the caller was drunk, the writer thought it was dangerous
for her to drive home on her own and she must wait for the taxi.
7) From the end of the story, what do you learn about who actually was the
caller?
The caller was a stranger, not the writer’s own daughter. She called
the writer by mistake.
8) What did the writer mean when she said “Maybe it wasn’t such a wrong
number”?
Although the girl called the wrong number, the result turned out to
be good, and the writer learned a valuable lesson from the phone
conversation and realized the importance to learn to listen when
communicating with her own child. That’s why she said “it wasn’t
such a wrong number”.
9) Can you figure out the reason why the writer did not tell the caller that she
had dialled the wrong number?
The writer herself was a mother and she understood the runaway
girl’s pain over her conflicts with her mother and her yearning to go
back home and be accepted. The writer also knew clearly the critical
situation the runaway girl was in. In order to keep the situation
under control and not to hurt the desperate caller, the writer did not
acknowledge that the caller had dialled
the wrong number.
2 The caller seemed to be facing some problems with her mother.
Fill in the table below about what her mother did, how she felt about
her mother and what she did finally.
What the mother did
1)
She kept telling her daughter what should be done.
2)
She seemed to have all the answers rather than listen to her
daughter.
How the caller felt and what she did
1)
She felt that her mother wasn’t listening to her.
2)
She felt that the mother never felt her feelings were important.
3)
The girl finally ran away from home.
3 Read the following sentences carefully and try to figure out the
feelings of the writer according to the context clues given in the
text.
1) Panicky thoughts filled my sleep-dazed mind … (Para. 1)
She (the writer) felt fear at the ringing of the phone at midnight.
2) I drew in a sharp shallow breath, released my husband and pressed my
hand against my forehead. (Para. 6)
She was surprised and upset.
3) I bit into my lip, feeling my own eyes fill with moisture. (Para. 11)
She was touched and felt like crying.
4) “That’s good, Honey,” I said, relief filling my chest. (Para. 18)
She felt more relieved.
5) “No!” I snapped. My muscles stiffened, … (Para. 20)
She felt frightened at the thought of the caller driving when drunk.
6) I listened to the silence in fear. When I didn’t hear her answer, I bit into
my lip and closed my eyes. (Para. 23)
She wasn’t feeling sure what was happening, so she felt somewhat
helpless.
7) Only when I heard someone in the background asking about a Yellow Cab
did I feel my tension easing. (Para. 25)
She felt relieved when she heard the taxi had arrived.
8) Moving from the bed, tears forming in my eyes, I walked out into the hall
and went to stand in my sixteen-year-old daughter’s room. (Para. 27)
She felt touched, and relieved at the same time that the situation
was under control and things came to a good end.
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in Action
2 In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this
unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form
where necessary.
1) There was a(n)
awkward
moment when she didn’t know whether to
shake his hand or kiss his cheek.
2) She breathed a sigh of
relief
when she found out she had passed her
exam.
3) Parents should really take extra care of their babies as many accidents
actually
occur
at home.
4) The government has two
options
; to reduce spending or to increase
tax.
5) The following program contains scenes that may be
disturbing
to
some viewers.
6) When the doctor told her that it was only a minor case, she
released
her husband’s arm.
7) The woman felt panicky and she spoke almost without
pausing
for
breath.
8) The policeman blew his whistle and the protesters
scattered
in all
directions.
9) He put a grape into his mouth and
swallowed
it whole.
10) Don’t
wipe
your nose on your sleeve, kid — that’s what your
handkerchief’s for!
11) I took my son to the zoo as a birthday
treat
.
12) As I
recall
, it was you who suggested this idea in the first place.
3 In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned
in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to
use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the
blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.
1) In just a few days he
became well acquainted with
all his new
classmates.
2) Jane has locked herself up in her room for the whole day. She
took us
by surprise
when she came out with her hair dyed red.
3) Let’s sit down quietly and
gather our thoughts
first before the
discussion.
4) To my surprise, the stranger
turned out
to be an old friend of my
mother’s.
5) Seeing Jim wearing a funny hat, Maggie tried hard to
fight back
a
desire to laugh.
6) Don’t
hang up on
me — I need to talk to you.
7) After quarrelling with his step-father, Colin
ran away
and hasn’t been
heard of ever since.
8) They’ve hired someone to
take care of
the children for a week.
9) When I asked him how he was doing, he
hemmed and hawed
before
telling me that he had just lost his job.
10) Once a very shy boy from a small mountainous village, he
turned into
a competent engineer in a matter of six years.
11) The newspaper refused to
keep
the facts
from
the public.
12) As we sat on the beach
soaking up
the sunshine, she started to tell
me her childhood stories.
Increasing Your Word Power
1 Complete the multiple choice exercise by choosing the right
answer.
1) All the following verbs can form acceptable collocations with the noun
RELATIONSHIP except ________.
a. make
b. create c. acknowledge d. deepen e. build
2) All the following adjectives can form acceptable collocations with the noun
RELATIONSHIP except ________.
a. close b. mutual c. intimate d. potential
e. fluent
3) All the following adjectives can form acceptable collocations with the noun
PANIC except ________.
a. blind b. sudden
c. sturdy
d. growing e. total
4) All the following verbs can go with the noun PANIC except ________.
a. feel b. cause c. create d. spread
e. throw
5) All the following verbs can go with the noun RELIEF except ________.
a. seek
b. create
c. experience d. express e. offer
6) All the following adjectives can form acceptable collocations with the noun
RELIEF except ________.
a. deep b. sheer c. temporary
d. desperate
e. obvious
7) All the following verbs can go with the noun MEMORY except ________.
a. lose b. arouse c. refresh
d. survive
e. cherish
8) All the following adjectives can form acceptable collocations with the noun
MEMORY except ________.
a.
early
b. sociable
c. lasting d. fond e. vivid
2 Many words in English can be used both as nouns and as verbs.
Complete all the sentences using either the noun form or the verb
form of the words given in the box. Change the form where
necessary.
1) Please
focus
your minds on the following problem.
2) She has constant
fears
that her husband will abandon (抛弃) her and the
kids.
3) The
focus
of recent research has been on environmental issues.
4) Her father died of a heart
attack
when there was no one else at home.
5) She
fears
that the child may have got a blood problem.
6) This kind of disease
attacks
the central nervous system.
7) She paid frequent
visits
to her parents and they were so happy to see her
every time she
visited
them.
8) The blind man
touched
the elephant’s ear and concluded that the
elephant is in the shape of a huge fan.
9) My long
chat
with my mother over the phone every day has relieved a lot
of my stress.
10) He has got a strange skin problem. Even a light
touch
on his face hurts.
11) The colour of the curtains and the paint on the wall do not
match
.
12) My husband often
chats
with me over dinner so I know very well what is
happening at his workplace.
13) The young couple are a perfect
match
.
14) Experts
fear
that the disease will spread far and wide.
3 Did you notice the suffixes -
y
, -
able
in words such as
panicky
and
portable
in this unit? The suffix -
able
can be added to a noun or a
verb to form an adjective, and -
y
can be put after a noun to form an
adjective. Now form adjectives by adding -
y
or -
able
to the words
given in the table and write down the Chinese meaning for each
adjective.
Nouns/Verbs Suffixes Adjectives Chinese
Meanings
fault
faulty
有错误的；有缺点的；不
完善的
guilt
hand
panic
pick
adapt -
y/-able
guilty
有罪的；有过失的
handy
手边的；方便的
panicky
惊恐的；易恐慌的
picky
吹毛求疵的；爱挑剔的
adaptable
能适应新环境的；适应性
强的
imagine
port
predict
rely
imaginable
可想象的；想得到的
portable 便于携带的；轻便的
predictable 可预言的；可预料的
reliable 可靠的；可信赖的
Complete each of the following sentences with a proper word you
have thus formed.
1) He pleaded
guilty
to charges of theft (盗窃) and robbery in court.
2) I’m sure she’ll cope with the changes very well; she’s very
adaptable
.
3) Keep your pills
handy
just in case you feel carsick.
4) The doctor tried every means
imaginable
to save the patient, but in vain.
5) Considering the great disparity (悬殊) in strength between the two teams,
the result is
predictable
.
6) Many people feel
panicky
when speaking before the public.
7) If the product you bought turns out to be
faulty
, you may request a repair
or a replacement.
8) He is such a
picky
eater that he won’t eat anything but fresh vegetable.
9) He’s not very
reliable
. You’d better not count on him to help you out.
10) A
portable
computer is a computer designed to be easily moved from
one location to another.
Grammar in Context
Observe the following sentences from both Text A and Text B,
paying special attention to the use of the past perfective aspect of
the verb. Then do the following two tasks.
Task 1: Combine each pair of sentences into one by making use of
the past perfect aspect of the verb.
1) a. We rushed to the railway station.
b. We found the train left already.
We rushed to the railway station, but found the train had left.
2) a. I learnt some English at high school in China.
b. I became an English Major at an American college after I finished high
school in China.
Before I became an English major at an American college, I had
learnt some English at high school in China.
3) a. I got to the cinema by bike.
b. Kathy got there even earlier and picked up the tickets.
Kathy had already picked up the tickets by the time I got to the
cinema by bike.
4) a. I shut the door.
b. Immediately afterwards the telephone rang.
No sooner had I shut the door than the telephone rang.
or: I had no sooner shut the door than the telephone rang.
5) a. The teacher explained the theory in detail.
b. Then the students understood.
The students did not understand until the teacher had explained
the theory in detail.
Task 2: A theft happened in a company last Saturday. John, the
person who was on duty, was telling a friend what had happened.
Imagine you are John and your partner his friend. Tell him what
happened using the following clues. You need to add what is
missing and make use of the past perfect aspect of verbs whenever
necessary to indicate the sequence of the events.
Before I left the office at 5 o’clock, I had locked the office door. When I
passed by the office an hour later, 1)
I saw the door open
. I felt a bit
surprised, so I stopped and went in to take a look. When I saw the mess in
the office, I knew 2)
the office had been broken into
. I took a quick look
around and found that 3)
quite a few things had been stolen
. I called
the police immediately. By the time the police arrived, my boss and my
colleagues 4)
had already come back to the office
. Tom said that 5)
the 200 dollars he had locked in his drawer was gone
. Dylan’s
camera, which he 6)
had just bought
, was also gone. My boss suffered
the heaviest loss. 7)
A few computers in the office had been stolen
.
The police searched the office, but were unable to find any clues.
Cloze
Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit.
The initial letter of each is given.
My mother and I always enjoyed our chat together under a pine tree in the
park. At our r
ecent
(1) meeting, however, her pale face took me by s
urprise
(2). I asked her what was wrong, and her s
ad / solemn
(3) look and
silence made me believe that she was k
eeping
(4) something bad from me.
Apparently, something serious was d
isturbing
(5) her. At first, she remained
silent. Finally, after my persistent i
nquiries
(6), she could not hold it any
longer and a
dmitted
(7) to me that she had a very serious heart disease. It
suddenly o
ccurred
(8) to me that three years ago, she had heart s
urgery
(9) but her condition did not improve afterwards and now there were hardly
any o
ptions
(10) left. I reached over and wrapped my arms t
ightly
(11)
around my mother and cried. As we sat there that cool April afternoon
s
oaking
(12) up the sun and smelling the fresh s
cent
(13) of the grass, I
had one wish in my heart that I could have more g
atherings
(14) with my
mother in the days to come.
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and
expressions given in brackets.
1) 我们是好朋友，可他居然将这么大的一件事瞒着我，实在令我吃惊。(keep
sth. from, take sb. by surprise)
We are good friends; however, he kept such an important matter
from me, which took me by surprise.
2) 在毕业典礼(commencement)上，她感到喉头哽咽，但她仍然忍住了泪水。
(a lump in one’s throat, fight back)
At the commencement, she felt a lump in her throat but fought back
her tears.
3) 汤姆昨晚和我聊天，他告诉我他的病已经得到控制，不需做外科手术。
(chat with, under control)
Tom chatted with me last night. He told me that his disease had
been brought under control, and there was no need for surgery.
4) 听说她的车驶离了公路，她的父母担心得要命。(run off, be worried sick)
Her parents were worried sick when they knew that she had run off
the highway.
5) 她满面愁容，不知有何心事。(on one’s mind)
She looks very worried; I wonder what’s on her mind.
6) 他是个害羞和安静的男孩，在走上讲台叙述自己的经历之前，他悄悄地坐在
礼堂(auditorium)的一角整理着思绪。(gather one’s thoughts)
He is a shy and silent boy. Before he went onto the stage to share
his experiences, he sat quietly in a corner of the auditorium,
gathering his thoughts.
7) 在乐队干了几年后，他又做回了独立音乐人(solo musician)，于是他的事业
又回到了原点。(come full circle, career)
After several years of working in a band, he has now gone back to
being a solo musician, so his career has come full circle.
8) 自己的儿子长成了一个能干的生意人，他总算放心了。(turn into, to one’s
relief)
To his relief his son has turned into a capable businessman.
Unit 4 > Key to Book Exercises
Listen and Respond
Read and Explore / Text A
Read and Explore / Text B
Optional Classroom Activities
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Listen and Respond
Task One Focusing on the Main Ideas
Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences
according to the information contained in the listening passage.
1) This talk is mainly about ________.
A) why teenagers refuse to listen to their parents
B) what the larger problems in the parent-teenager relationship are
C) what needs to be done to improve the parent-teenager relationship
D) what causes the communication problem between teenagers and
their parents
2) The speaker says that difficulty in communication between teenagers and
their parents is mainly caused by ________.
A) generation gap B) misunderstanding
C) lack of communication
D) different styles of thinking
3) The “taking out the trash” incident is a good example to show that
________.
A) teenagers should communicate more with their mothers
B) teenagers usually refuse to help their mothers with house chores
C) teenagers often miss the implied message in their mother’s
instruction
D) teenagers are usually unwilling to follow their mother’s instructions
4) The speaker believes that ________.
A) the “taking out the trash” incident is an exceptional case
B) unhappiness caused by small incidents at home can cause larger problems
C) misunderstanding between parents and their children is easy to be solved
D) it can be a serious cause of concern if miscommunication occurs
in bigger issues
Task Two Zooming In on the Details
Listen to the recording again and fill in each of the blanks according
to what you have heard.
Teenagers and their parents may often have difficulties communicating with
each other. Teenagers often think adults
don’t understand them
(1).
However, adults often think teenagers just
don’t listen to anything
(2)
they say. Some people may feel that the conflict between parents and
teenagers is caused by the
generation gap
(3). The speaker believes
that it lies mostly in implied statements that are not
fully communicated
(4) between a teenage child and a parent. In the “taking out the trash”
example, the mother feels that the teenager
should know what she
means
(5), but the teenager just doesn’t. Conversations like this take place
around our home every day. They cause
some unhappiness
(6) but are
totally normal, and can usually be solved quite soon. When this type of “lack
of communication”
gets involved with
(7) the bigger issues of teenagers,
larger problems can be caused. It is more difficult to
solve these larger
problems
(8) and it takes the efforts from both parents and teenagers
to
overcome such problems
(9).
↑返回顶部
Read and Explore / Text A
Task One Discovering the Main Ideas
Answer the following questions with the information contained in
Text A.
1) Describe Doctor Eppley in a few sentences.
Doctor Eppley was a soft-spoken gentleman, who practiced
medicine quietly in Enosburg, a small town in Vermont. He won the
respect of the people in the town soon after he moved there.
2) What did the people in the town of Enosburg think of Doctor Eppley?
They thought he was a good man, a smart, honourable and
industrious man who lived an honest life.
3) Why did the writer go to a university far away from home?
Because he was tired of being regarded as “Doctor Eppley’s son”
only. He wanted to be independent.
4) How did the writer like his university life?
He liked his university life as he became independent of his father.
He was proud of himself because he made friends and was well liked
by the others without the help of his father.
5) Compare the attitudes of the woman in the car accident before and after
she learned that the writer was Doctor Eppley’s son. Why do you think she
changed her attitude?
The woman was furious and quite rude towards Harold at first. She
questioned whether he had insurance and put the blame for the car
accident on Harold alone. As soon as she learned that Harold was
Doctor Eppley’s son, she apologized that she had not recognized him
at first. She then changed her attitude because she knew that
Doctor Eppley was a respectable man and felt the son of such a good
man as Doctor Eppley could easily be forgiven.
2 Fill in the table below with relevant information from the text
about the writer’s attitude towards his father. Be sure to make use
of the clues from the text.
Changes in the writer’s attitude towards his father
When he was a child, the writer
respected his father very much and he was proud of having such a
good father.
Clues from the text that indicate the attitude
He beamed when people compared him to his father.
He was glad to be surrounded by his classmates because he was
Doctor Eppley’s son.
Changes in the writer’s attitude towards his father
When he was a teenager, the writer
became defiant and rebellious and he wanted to be independent.
Clues from the text that indicate the attitude
He was unhappy when people referred to him as Doctor Eppley’s
son, and he told them that he was Harold and could manage well on
his own.
He went to a university far away from home to escape from his
father’s good name.
He started to call his father “Sam” and did not stop doing so even
after he knew this bothered his father.
He talked to his father in a very disrespectful or rude manner.
Changes in the writer’s attitude towards his father
After the car accident, the writer
was grateful to his father and he respected his father even more.
Clues from the text that indicate the attitude
He hugged his father at the New Year’s Party and thanked him
sincerely.
He called his father “Dad” instead of “Sam.”
Task Two Reading Between the Lines
1 Read the following sentences carefully and try to figure out the
feelings or attitude of the speakers according to the context clues in
Text A.
1) “If you are anything like your father, you’ll be a smart boy.” (Para. 2)
The first-grade teacher’s tone is complimentary and encouraging.
2) “Why are you acting so stubborn lately?” (Para. 5)
The writer’s father was annoyed and felt hurt because his son had
called him by his first name, Sam.
3) “Well, Sam,” I replied, “I suppose that bothers you.” (Para. 6)
This shows that the writer had become defiant and rebellious. He
wanted to be independent.
4) I glared at him. “Sam, I’m sick of being treated like a child. I’m in college
now. Don’t you think I know how to drive?” (Para. 17)
When his father told him to be careful when driving, he became
annoyed and defiant.
5) “Why didn’t you look where you were going?” (Para. 21)
The woman became furious about the accident and her tone was
one of accusation.
6) “Do you have insurance? Can you pay for this? Who are you?” (Para. 24)
The woman was very angry with the writer. She blamed him for
having caused the accident.
7) “I didn’t realize who you were.” (Para. 26)
After learning that the boy was Doctor Eppley’s son, the woman
became apologetic and felt rather regretful for what she had
previously said.
8) “Are you hurt?” (Para. 28)
The writer’s father spoke in a very concerned tone. He was worried
about the writer.
9) “Thank you, Dad. Happy New Year.” (Para. 31)
The writer was grateful to his father and he started to respect his
father even more.
↑返回顶部
Read and Explore / Text B
Checking Your Vocabulary
Word Detective
Play detective and find the required word in Text B according to the
clues given. Then, make at least two sentences with each of the
words you have found. The number of the paragraph in which the
target word appears is given in brackets.
1) A verb meaning “to fill with terror or fear”: (Para. 10)
Write down the target word here:
terrify
a.
Flying terrifies my mother-in-law. That’s why she has never
visited me.
b.
The thought of dying of kidney cancer terrified him.
2) An adjective meaning “having a highly developed social organization or
in a state of civilization”: (Para. 3)
Write down the target word here:
civilized
a.
Such brutal acts should not be allowed in civilized countries.
b.
We aim to create an orderly, civilized and harmonious society.
3) A noun meaning “a building that gives cover or protection from bad
weather, danger or attack”: (Para. 4)
Write down the target word here:
shelter
a.
I am really grateful to you for providing me food and shelter.
b.
After the earthquake, millions fled the country to seek shelter
elsewhere.
4) An adjective meaning “feeling annoyed, upset, and impatient because
you cannot do what you want to do or achieve what you want”: (Para. 8)
Write down the target word here:
frustrated
a.
He felt very frustrated to learn that he failed in the final exam.
b.
Exhausted and frustrated, they decided to stop the search for the
missing
dog in the forest.
5) A verb meaning “to pull (sth. heavy) along with great effort”: (Para. 11)
Write down the target word here:
drag
a.
He got up and dragged his chair towards the table.
b.
Every time we went shopping together, Jane would drag her
daughter along.
6) An adjective meaning “confident and free to do things without needing any
help from other people”: (Para. 1)
Write down the target word here:
independent
a.
Going away to college has made me much more independent.
b.
Students should learn to be independent of their teachers.
2 Match the word in Column A with its meaning in Column B. Put the
corresponding letter in the blank following each word.
Column A Column B
1)
b
ambitious
2)
h
rebellious
3)
g
physically
b. having a strong desire for success,
power, wealth, etc.
c. in a quiet and calm way, without
worry or excitement
a. feeling slightly angry or impatient
4)
e
restless d. wanting sb. to have feelings of
love or friendship only for oneself
5)
d
e. unable or unwilling to keep still,
possessive esp. because one is nervous or lack
of interest
6)
c
peacefully
f. belonging to a society that has a
very simple way of life, without
modern industries and machines
7)
a
annoyed
8)
f
primitive
g. in relation to the body rather than
the mind or the soul
h. difficult to control and do not
behave in the way as expected
3 Rewrite each of the following sentences with a phrase that
appears in Text B. Focus on the italicized parts. The number of the
paragraph in which the target phrase appears is given in brackets.
1) After only a few years of marriage, Kaven and John began to
feel distant
towards each other
. (Para. 1)
After only a few years of marriage, Kaven and John began to grow
apart.
2) When Janet was out with her date late at night, her parents would
not go
to bed
until she returned home. (Para. 9)
When Janet was out with her date late at night, her parents would
stay up until she returned home.
3) Some parents are rather protective. They want to
have full control over
their children. (Para. 12)
Some parents are rather protective. They want to have a tight rein
on their children.
4) She bought a handphone for her teenage son so that she can
reach
him
anytime she wants. (Para. 12)
She bought a handphone for her teenage son so that she can get
hold of him anytime she wants.
5) I did not follow my parents’ advice, and I
finally got myself into trouble
.
(Para. 13)
I did not follow my parents’ advice, and I ended up in trouble.
Checking Your Comprehension
1 Answer the following questions with the information contained in
Text B.
1) What, according to the author, did people in primitive tribes do as they
grew up?
They learned the necessary survival skills such as hunting, fishing
and keeping house and then got married and built their own new
home near their parents’.
2) In what ways is people’s life today similar to that in primitive times?
The basic needs of the human beings are still the same: we still need
to learn all the survival skills.
3) According to the author, why are teenagers frustrated, restless and
rebellious?
Physically they mature earlier, but there is so much more to learn in
today’s world that it takes them longer to get ready to become
independent. This mismatch between physical maturity and mental
immaturity makes them frustrated, restless and rebellious.
4) How did her parents respond when Marjorie returned home late?
They would sit up waiting for her and they were angry with her.
2 Read the following sentences carefully and discuss in pairs what
the author intends to say by the italicized parts.
1) We call this a
primitive
way of life but it’s what human beings have
adapted to through hundreds of thousands of years. And it’s what we are still
adapted to in the 21st century,
for man hasn’t changed much in the short
time since he became civilized.
(Para. 3)
Man’s basic needs are still the same. Despite all the developments
they have made, human beings still have to learn the basic survival
skills. In this sense, Man hasn’t really changed too much.
2)
Physically,
we become adults younger and younger.
Socially, we become
adults older and older.
(Para. 7)
We mature earlier physically, but we become mature much later as
social beings — we are unable to be independent and survive on our
own in the modern world until much later.
3) I was scared of them being annoyed with me, so I used to try and be in on
time,
but sometimes things didn’t always work out like that.
(Para. 10)
I was scared of them being annoyed with me, so I used to try and be
in on time, but sometimes I just wasn’t able to get back home in
time.
4) The ironic thing, of course, is that my friends’ parents were more lenient,
and yet it was me who ended up in trouble.
(Para. 13)
The strange thing is, I was the one who got into trouble despite my
parents’ strict control. My friends, whose parents had less control
over them, all turned out to be fine.
3 Sum up what the text says about similarities and differences
between growing up in the primitive society and the modern society
and write down your answers in the space provided.
Similarities：
1)
We need to learn all the survival skills we need.
2)
Basic skills such as starting a family, house-keeping and looking
after our family are similar in both societies.
Differences：
1)
In the primitive society, people had to learn how to hunt or fish,
which may not be essential in modern society.
2)
In the primitive society, people, in their early teens, would be
ready to marry and set up house usually near their family in the
village they knew. In the modern society, according to the
author, we need to learn much more skills in order to be on our
own. Therefore, we stay longer with our parents and it seems
that we take longer to become independent.
↑返回顶部
Optional Classroom Activities
1 Marjorie’s parents may remind us of other parents who, when
trying to make sure everything “goes fine” with their children, do
things that their children can not accept. Discuss with your friends
and list a few things that your parents may have done against your
will. Explain why you dislike them.
Things your parents did
a.
making all decisions for me
b.
checking on me through my classmates or friends
c.
never admitting their own mistakes
d.
setting too many rules and restrictions on me
Why you dislike such things
a.
made me feel distrusted and incompetent
b.
made me feel distrusted
c.
made me feel that I was always in the wrong
d. did not give me enough space for personal development; made
me feel distrusted
2 Parents may fall into different types. Some let their children do
anything they want. Some try to have full control over everything
their children do. List the problems that may be caused by each
type.
Problems caused by parents who let their children do anything they want
a.
Children may make a wrong decision that affects their future
life.
b.
Children may be influenced by bad friends.
c.
Too much freedom spoils children.
d.
Children may become too wilful.
Problems caused by parents who control everything their children do
a.
Children may become rebellious.
b.
Children may have a bad relationship with their parents.
c.
Children may not want to share with their parents what they do
outside home.
d.
Children may become very timid.
e.
Children’s development of a creative personality may be
hampered.
↑返回顶部
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in Action
Working with Words and Expressions
1 Listed in the boxes below are some of the words that you need to
be very familiar with. Now work in pairs and make sentences with
each of them to see if you have really mastered their usages. You
are encouraged to consult a dictionary if you are still not quite sure
about their meanings and usages.
1) When the father learned about his son’s school performance, he beamed
with satisfaction.
2) How do people celebrate New Year’s Day in your country?
3) What are you complaining about? You have already got everything you
want.
4) There were 24 people enrolled in the French class.
5) The children panicked when they saw the serious look on the teacher’s
face.
6) When I turned off the TV, all my three kids protested.
7) He is too stubborn to admit that he was wrong.
8) George is very ambitious about his future though he is just a teenager.
9) My son is very good at figures, and he plans to take up Mathematics as
his major.
10) He got very frustrated when he learned that he had failed the exam
again.
11) Being a very possessive father, he felt very unhappy when he learned
his daughter was going to get married.
12) How can you keep your children at home for the whole week? Of course,
they will get restless.
2 In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this
unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form
where necessary.
1) She finds herself in
conflict
with her parents over her future career.
2) The two parties finally
overcame
their differences on the matter of
interest rate (利率).
3) Some strange customs
have survived
from earlier times.
4) Please let us know if you can
attend
the meeting scheduled (事先安排) for
the coming Thursday.
5) She
frowned
with displeasure as she was reading her son’s school report.
6) Students are likely to let their minds
wander
if the teacher’s lectures are
dull and boring.
7) I always feel so
guilty
about not visiting my parents more often, but I do
have lots of things to cope with every day.
8) The local farmers
sustained
heavy losses during the flood season.
9) The next morning we all went out to
survey
the damage caused by the
fire.
10) The sudden appearance of a tiger from the woods
terrified
us all.
11) International students are required to carry medical
insurance
as a
condition of enrollment (注册).
12)
Adapting
to a new culture is no easy task because there are lots of
cultural differences to overcome.
3 In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned
in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to
use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the
blank-filling exercises. Change the form where necessary.
1) The old man
was sick of
having arguments all the time with his wife.
2) “You really can’t imagine what I have gone through,” Mary said,
choking
back
her tears.
3)
Compared with
growing up in primitive societies, growing up in today’s
world is in some ways harder.
4) When I first
settled into
teaching in this small town, I felt very awkward,
for my neighbors wanted to know everything about me.
5) The boys
would give anything / the world
to meet that football star.
6) Tom rushed into the room when Jane and I were
in the midst of
a
conversation.
7) It’s true that his father is a world-famous movie star, but Jack became
famous
in his own right
.
8) We didn’t plan it like that but it
worked out
very well.
9) At first he found it extremely hard to
fit in with
his colleagues at the new
company.
10) When I was in my teens, I gradually
grew apart
from my parents, only
to realize how wrong I was in my later years.
11) I’m sorry to hear that you’re suffering from a severe cold.
No wonder
you did not turn up at the party yesterday.
12) It is not a healthy habit
staying up
too late.
13) I
was annoyed with
my mother’s tight control over me and ended up
shouting at her one day.
14) The boy
was scared of
his mother because she would always scold(责
怪) him if he did anything wrong.
15) Because of my carelessness, I soon found myself
in trouble
again and
then I realized that what my mother had said was right.
16) He is not a very responsible person.
For instance
, he promised to come
to our meeting, but never even responded when we invited him.
Increasing Your Word Power
1 The words listed in the following box can be used to describe
either a teenager or a parent. Go over each word carefully and then
choose the right word to complete each sentence.
1) He is a very
possessive
father. He says “no” to all his daughter’s
boyfriends.
2) A(n)
over-protective
parent usually weakens his / her child’s belief in his
/ her ability to solve his / her own problems.
3) Are you a(n)
frustrated
parent whose teenager always makes angry
scenes when you try to get him or her to “just DO something”?
4) His
possessive
mother wants him to ring her 3 times a day at least to
keep her informed of what he does at school.
5) It is often the case that in a family one parent is usually slightly
lenient /
strict
and the other is slightly
strict / lenient
.
6) Teenagers are rather
rebellious
as they often prefer to be on their own
and refuse to listen to their parents.
7) Don’t blame him: he’s just a(n)
frustrated
teenager who feels that he is
unable to find his position in life.
8) Don’t blame him for not wanting to stay at home. He is just a
restless
teenager longing for adventure.
9) She used to be a(n)
stubborn
teenager who thought that whatever she
believed was correct.
2 Match the verbs in the box with the nouns below so that they form
correct collocations. If you are in doubt, consult a dictionary. Put the
verbs in the space provided and each verb is to be used only once.
Then write down six sentences of your own using the collocations.
1)
survey
the damage 2)
sustain
dents
3)
attend
a meeting 4)
terrify
somebody
5)
wrap
presents 6)
recall
an event
Write down your own sentences here.
1)
After surveying the damage, we concluded that it was caused by
animals.
2)
His car sustained dents when it hit the road block.
3)
The teachers will attend our meeting this afternoon.
4)
The stern expression on his face terrified me.
5)
Please wrap the presents carefully.
6)
When he recalled what happened ten years ago, he still couldn’t
help feeling sorry.
3 Did you notice the suffixes -
ize
, -
ify
in words such as realize,
terrify in this unit? The suffixes -
ize
, -
ify
can be added to nouns or
adjectives to form verbs. Now form verbs by adding -
ize
or -
ify
to
the words given in the table and write down the Chinese meaning
for each verb.
Nouns /
Adjectives
beauty
just
Suffixes Verbs Chinese Meanings
beautify
justify
使美起来；美化
证明…正当；证明…无
罪
modern
popular
pure
simple
symbol
test
theory
modernize
popularize
purify
simplify
symbolize
testify
theorize
使现代化
使大众化；普及，推广
使纯净；提纯
简化；使简易
作为…的象征，标志
作证，证明；表明
使理论化；从理论上说
明
-ize/-ify
Complete each of the following sentences with a proper word you
have thus formed.
1) The procedures have been
simplified
so that users can operate the
system easily.
2) The flower baskets and paintings helped to
beautify
the church.
3) The pursuit of good ends does not
justify
the employment of bad means.
4) He decided to
testify
on behalf of the accused man before the jury (陪审
团).
5) It is much easier to
theorize
about a solution than to actually put it into
practice.
6) The government is making efforts to
popularize
solar energy industry in
response to national energy shortage.
7) Research has shown that certain green plants can
purify
indoor air and
regulate humidity.
8) Many people deeply
sympathized
with the victims of the disaster and
donated whatever they could to help them out.
9) In religion and art, an eagle stands for freedom and strength, while a dove
symbolizes
peace and purity.
10) The company has made massive investments in
modernizing
its
assembly line (生产线).
Grammar in Context
Task 1: Discuss with a partner and explain whether the highlighted
verbs below have different meanings when used transitively or
intransitively.
1) a. I
survived
my last years of high school until finally I turned eighteen.
(Para. 9, Text A)
b. Thousands of people were killed in the disaster, but he
survived
.
a.: vt.; b.: vi., with the same meaning: “did not die”
2) a. And so when strangers asked me if I was Doctor Eppley’s son, I
replied
emphatically, … (Para. 4, Text A)
b. I wrote him a letter telling him that I would pay him a visit, and he
replied
that he would be glad to see me again.
a.: vi. meaning “respond in words”
b.: vt. meaning “write back”
3) a. And I can
manage
quite well on my own. (Para. 4, Text A)
b. He had been
managing
the business for six years before it made a profit.
a.: vi. meaning “succeed in dealing with sth.”
b.: vt. meaning “be in control or in charge of”
4) a. I was sixteen years old and the neighbors still
called
me “Doctor
Eppley’s son.” (Para. 3, Text A)
b. I’ve got to
call
at the bank to get some cash.
a.: vt. meaning “say or consider that (sb. or sth.) is (sth.)”
b.: vi. meaning “pay a brief visit”
Task 2: Read the sentences below and decide whether each one
contains an error in the use of transitive or intransitive verbs. Put a
tick (√) before the sentence that is correct. Put a cross (×) before
the incorrect sentence and make corrections in the space given
below.
×
1. The couple argued each other right after they got married and refused
to make up.
(argued with each other)
×
2. The accident was happened right at this spot.
(The accident happened …)
× 3. Tommy went to the party and he really enjoyed.
(enjoyed it)
√ 4. John really has green fingers. He grows a variety of beautiful flowers in
his garden.
√ 5. Your mother is critically ill. She may not be able to survive this winter.
×
6. The boy did not like the new maid. He shouted her every time she tried
to touch him.
(shouted at)
√
7. Can you imagine that Jack called me a thief?
√
8. It is quite late now; let me walk you to the bus stop.
Cloze
Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit.
The initial letter of each is given.
When I was a child, I was really proud of having a father who was a well-
respected doctor. I b
eamed
(1) whenever my teachers said that I was set to
become an h
onorable
(2) man like my father. However, all this changed
when I grew into a teenager. I felt a
wkward
(3) that everybody around me
only remembered me as Dr. Song’s son. I p
rotested
(4) and told them that I
would prefer to stand on my own two feet. However, my c
omplaints
(5)
were never taken seriously and I continued to hear c
ompliments
(6) about
me, which were really meant for my father. I then grew very s
tubborn
(7)
and even refused to call my father “Dad.” Although my father f
rowned
(8)
whenever I called him “Lao Song,” my attitude towards him, as I now r
ecall
(9), did not change until I had a car accident one day. I hit a young man’s car
and p
anicked
(10) as he threatened to beat me up when I told him I had no
car i
nsurance
(11). When I got off my car and s
urveyed
(12) the damage, I
could not help g
roaning
(13). Out of fear, I told him “I’m Dr. Song’s son.” At
this, a sign of r
ecognition
(14) lit up his face; he smiled and forgave me.
What could have been a very difficult situation turned out to be fine just
because I was Dr. Song’s son. How thankful I felt towards my father.
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and
expressions given in brackets.
1) 很多老师不赞同这种做法。(frown on)
Many teachers frowned on this practice.
2) 当我想从草地上穿过去的时候，有位老人在旁边怒视着我。(glare at)
An old man glared at me when I was trying to cut across the lawn.
3) 当我提到我的父亲时，她的脸上露出了认出我的笑容。(recognition)
When I mentioned my father, she showed a smile of recognition on
her face.
4) 我的大孩子比较听话, 而小的那个非常倔。我现在还常回想起小的孩子在中
学毕业后是如何执意要出国读书的。(whereas, stubborn, recall)
My firstborn was quite obedient, whereas my younger child was very
stubborn. I can still recall now how the younger child insisted on
going abroad to study after he finished his secondary school.
5) 当海啸(tsunami)袭来时，许多东南亚国家遭受了巨大的损失。(sustain)
Countries in South East Asia sustained great losses when the
tsunami struck the area.
6) 每当做母亲的拿弟弟跟哥哥作比较，弟弟就要抗议。(compare with,
protest)
Every time the mother tries to compare the younger brother with his
elder brother, the younger one will protest.
7) 当他初到这个新学校的时候，发现自己与其他同学格格不入。(fit in with)
He found himself unable to fit in with his classmates when he first
came to this school.
8) 她脸上气急败坏的表情实在把我吓坏了。我再也不敢说个不字。(terrify)
The fury on her face terrified me. I dared not say no to her again.
9) 怪不得你最后闯出祸来，原来你从来不听你父母的管教。(no wonder, end
up
in trouble)
No wonder you ended up in trouble. You never followed your
parents’ advice.
10) 他花了整整两年的时间才慢慢适应了这个新环境。(adapt to)
It took him two years to adapt to the new environment.