2024年5月16日发(作者:章正浩)
計量單位與換算公式 [回試算表]
常數與換算
地球赤道半徑=6378.39km 地球兩極半徑=6356.91km
地球旋轉角速度Ω=7.292×10
5
s
-1
重力 g45=980.616cm‧s
-2
太陽常數=1.96ly‧min
-1
水分子量mw=18.016g‧mol
-1
乾空氣氣體常數=2.8704×10
6
erg‧g
-1
‧K
-1
乾空氣平均分子量m=28.966g mol
-1
乾空氣定壓比熱 cp=7R/2=0.240 cal‧g
-1
‧K
-1
乾空氣定容比熱 cv=5R/2=0.171 cal‧g
-1
‧K
-1
Stefan-Boltzmann constant=8.132×10
-11
ly‧K
-4
‧min
-1
緯度平行於赤道,1度約 111公里,經度因為在兩極相會,故自赤道處之1度約
111公里漸向兩極縮為 0公里,在台北(北緯24度)附近,1經度約為 101公里。
兩點間之距離公式列如下:[試算表]
兩點間距離D(x1,y1,x2,y2)=r×acos(sin(x1) ×sin(x2)+cos(x1) ×cos(x2) ×cos(y1-y2))
x,y是緯度,經度的弧度單位,r是地球半徑
在同經度上時 D=r×|x1-x2|
氣壓:1 atmosphere pressure=1013.25hPa=760.00mmHg=29.921 inches(Hg)≒
14.7lb/
速度:1m/s = 1.94knots = 2.24mile/h = 3.28ft/s = 3.60 km/h
長度:1浬nautical mile=1.150776哩mile=6076呎feet=1852公尺meter=6100台尺
=72913吋inch
重量:1台斤=0.6公斤kilogram=1.2市斤=1.3227磅pound=21.16434英兩ounce
面積:1公頃=100公畝=10000平方公尺=2.471英畝acre=1.0310甲=3025
坪=10.31分
容積:1立方公尺cubic meter=1公秉=1000公升liter=219.98加侖
gallon(UK)=264.171gallon(USA)
熱量:1焦耳J=10
7
耳格erg;1 熱化學卡# cal=4.187J ; (1 J=1 N
‧
m)
#註:
2003年5月經濟部標準檢驗局出版「國際單位制之使用指南」列有其他非SI之單位,
由CGS導出之單位(不建議使用者)
/wSite/public/Attachment/ (第22頁)
太陽輻射單位換算 --
近紫外線(約0.3-0.4μ)至近紅外線(約3~4μ)間之波長
積算量:1MJ‧m
-2
=23.9cal‧cm
-2
=0.278 kW‧h‧m
-2
強度:1cal‧cm
-2
‧min
-1
=0.698kW‧1kW‧m
-2
=1.431cal‧cm
-2
‧min
-1
m
-2
1J=1W‧s 1ly=1cal‧cm
-2
= 0.0428MJ‧m
-2
IPS(International Pyrheliometric Scale)-1956觀測值=Smithsonian觀測值 × 0.98
WRR(World Radiometric Reference) 觀測值= IPS-1956觀測值 × 1.022 (CWB測報
作業規範)
長度(英美制) Lengths *
1 foot (ft.) = 12 inches (in.) 1 yard (yd) = 3 feet
1 rod = 5.5 yards 1 fathom = 6 feet
1 furlong = 40 rods = 1/8 mile 1 mile (mi.) = 1760 yards = 5280 feet
1 nautical mile = 1.15 miles = 6076.1
1 land league = 3 miles
feet
1 marine league = 3 nautical miles
重量(英美制) Weights *
1 grain = 0.0648 grams (g)
Avoirdupois Measures
1 ounce (oz.) = 437.5 grains 1 pound (lb.) = 16 ounces
1 ton = 2000 pounds 1 long ton = 2240 pounds
1 grain = 0.0648 grams (g)
Troy Measures
1 carat = 3.086 grains = 0.2 grams 1 pennyweight = 24 grains
1 troy ounce = 480 grains 1 troy pound = 12 troy ounces
1 grain = 0.0648 grams (g)
Apothecary Measures
1 scruple = 20 grains 1 dram = 3 scruples
1 apothecary ounce = 8 drams 1 apothecary pound = 12 apothecary ounces
體積 Volumes *
液體計量 Liquid Measures
1 tablespoon (tbsp or T) = 3
1 fluid ounce (fl oz) = 2 tablespoons = 1.805 in
3
teaspoons (tsp or t)
1 cup (c) = 8 fl. oz. 1 pint (pt) = 16 fl. oz. = 28.88 in
3
1 quart (qt) = 2 pints = 57.75 in
3
1 gallon (gal) = 4 quarts
1 barrel of petroleum = 42 gal. 1 barrel of liquid = 31 gal.
固體計量 Dry Measures
1 in
3
= 16.387 cm
3
1 ft
3
= (12 in)
3
= 1728 in
3
1 yd
3
= (3 ft)
3
= 27 ft
3
1 dry pint (pt) = 33.60 in
3
1 dry quart (qt) = 2 dry pints = 67.2
1 peck = 8 dry quarts
in
3
1 bushel = 4 pecks 1 cord = 128 ft
3
SI (Metric) Prefixes *
Small Values Large Values
Prefix Abbreviation Value Prefix Abbreviation Value
分(十分)
十 deca
d 10
-1
da 10
1
deci
厘(百分)
百 hecto
c (%) 10
-2
h 10
2
centi
毫 milli
千 kilo
m 10
-3
k 10
3
10
-6
百萬
微 micro
μ (ppm)
百萬Mega
M 10
6
分
n (ppb) G 10
9
奈(極10
-9
十億吉(十億)Giga
12
-12
p T 10
皮(微10兆分 兆Tera
-15
飛 femto
f
拍Peta
10
P 10
15
阿 atto
a 10
-18
E 10
18
艾Exa
介 zepto
攸yocto
絲
z
y
10
-21
10
-24
10
-4
皆Zetta
佑Yotta
中文慣用詞
萬
Z
Y
10
21
10
24
10
4
忽
10
-5
億 10
8
京 10
16
其他:中國古稱
垓 秭 穰 溝 澗 正 載 極
10
20
10
24
10
28
10
32
10
36
10
40
10
44
10
48
參考名稱:
恆河阿僧那由不可思無量 大數
沙 祇 他 議
10
52
10
56
10
60
10
64
10
68
10
72
換算 *
英制 -> 公制
1 foot = 0.3048 m
1 mile = 1.6093 km
1 fl. oz. = 29.574 milliliters
1 gal = 3.785 liters
公制 -> 英制
1 m = 3.28 feet
1 km = 0.6214 mi.
1 milliliter = 0.03381 fl. oz.
1 liter = 0.2642 gal.
1 inch = 2.540 cm
1 yard = 0.9144 m
1 pound = 0.4536 kg
1 qt = 0.9464 liters
1 cm = 0.3937 in.
1 m = 1.094 yards
1 kg = 2.205 pounds
1 liter = 1.057 qt.
溫度 Temperature
KC273.15
F
9
C32
5
C
5
(F32)
9
理想氣體狀態方程 Equation of State of an Ideal Gas
pV = mRT if p=1013.25mb, V=22.415*10**3cm**3, T=273.16
゜
K
R*=mR=universal gas constant =8.3144*10**7 erg mol**-1 k**-1
財務公式 Financial Formulas *
nY
APR
AP
1
(APRY)
APe
n
Savings Plan Savings Plan Formula Loan Payment Formula
(Regular Payments) Solved for Payments (Installation Loans)
nY
APR
APR
APR
P
1
1
n
n
PMT
n
nY
APMTPMTA
nY
APR
APR
APR
1
1
11
n
n
n
*部分 摘自美國赫德遜州立大學網頁:
/faculty/lloydm/classes/la/
2024年5月16日发(作者:章正浩)
計量單位與換算公式 [回試算表]
常數與換算
地球赤道半徑=6378.39km 地球兩極半徑=6356.91km
地球旋轉角速度Ω=7.292×10
5
s
-1
重力 g45=980.616cm‧s
-2
太陽常數=1.96ly‧min
-1
水分子量mw=18.016g‧mol
-1
乾空氣氣體常數=2.8704×10
6
erg‧g
-1
‧K
-1
乾空氣平均分子量m=28.966g mol
-1
乾空氣定壓比熱 cp=7R/2=0.240 cal‧g
-1
‧K
-1
乾空氣定容比熱 cv=5R/2=0.171 cal‧g
-1
‧K
-1
Stefan-Boltzmann constant=8.132×10
-11
ly‧K
-4
‧min
-1
緯度平行於赤道,1度約 111公里,經度因為在兩極相會,故自赤道處之1度約
111公里漸向兩極縮為 0公里,在台北(北緯24度)附近,1經度約為 101公里。
兩點間之距離公式列如下:[試算表]
兩點間距離D(x1,y1,x2,y2)=r×acos(sin(x1) ×sin(x2)+cos(x1) ×cos(x2) ×cos(y1-y2))
x,y是緯度,經度的弧度單位,r是地球半徑
在同經度上時 D=r×|x1-x2|
氣壓:1 atmosphere pressure=1013.25hPa=760.00mmHg=29.921 inches(Hg)≒
14.7lb/
速度:1m/s = 1.94knots = 2.24mile/h = 3.28ft/s = 3.60 km/h
長度:1浬nautical mile=1.150776哩mile=6076呎feet=1852公尺meter=6100台尺
=72913吋inch
重量:1台斤=0.6公斤kilogram=1.2市斤=1.3227磅pound=21.16434英兩ounce
面積:1公頃=100公畝=10000平方公尺=2.471英畝acre=1.0310甲=3025
坪=10.31分
容積:1立方公尺cubic meter=1公秉=1000公升liter=219.98加侖
gallon(UK)=264.171gallon(USA)
熱量:1焦耳J=10
7
耳格erg;1 熱化學卡# cal=4.187J ; (1 J=1 N
‧
m)
#註:
2003年5月經濟部標準檢驗局出版「國際單位制之使用指南」列有其他非SI之單位,
由CGS導出之單位(不建議使用者)
/wSite/public/Attachment/ (第22頁)
太陽輻射單位換算 --
近紫外線(約0.3-0.4μ)至近紅外線(約3~4μ)間之波長
積算量:1MJ‧m
-2
=23.9cal‧cm
-2
=0.278 kW‧h‧m
-2
強度:1cal‧cm
-2
‧min
-1
=0.698kW‧1kW‧m
-2
=1.431cal‧cm
-2
‧min
-1
m
-2
1J=1W‧s 1ly=1cal‧cm
-2
= 0.0428MJ‧m
-2
IPS(International Pyrheliometric Scale)-1956觀測值=Smithsonian觀測值 × 0.98
WRR(World Radiometric Reference) 觀測值= IPS-1956觀測值 × 1.022 (CWB測報
作業規範)
長度(英美制) Lengths *
1 foot (ft.) = 12 inches (in.) 1 yard (yd) = 3 feet
1 rod = 5.5 yards 1 fathom = 6 feet
1 furlong = 40 rods = 1/8 mile 1 mile (mi.) = 1760 yards = 5280 feet
1 nautical mile = 1.15 miles = 6076.1
1 land league = 3 miles
feet
1 marine league = 3 nautical miles
重量(英美制) Weights *
1 grain = 0.0648 grams (g)
Avoirdupois Measures
1 ounce (oz.) = 437.5 grains 1 pound (lb.) = 16 ounces
1 ton = 2000 pounds 1 long ton = 2240 pounds
1 grain = 0.0648 grams (g)
Troy Measures
1 carat = 3.086 grains = 0.2 grams 1 pennyweight = 24 grains
1 troy ounce = 480 grains 1 troy pound = 12 troy ounces
1 grain = 0.0648 grams (g)
Apothecary Measures
1 scruple = 20 grains 1 dram = 3 scruples
1 apothecary ounce = 8 drams 1 apothecary pound = 12 apothecary ounces
體積 Volumes *
液體計量 Liquid Measures
1 tablespoon (tbsp or T) = 3
1 fluid ounce (fl oz) = 2 tablespoons = 1.805 in
3
teaspoons (tsp or t)
1 cup (c) = 8 fl. oz. 1 pint (pt) = 16 fl. oz. = 28.88 in
3
1 quart (qt) = 2 pints = 57.75 in
3
1 gallon (gal) = 4 quarts
1 barrel of petroleum = 42 gal. 1 barrel of liquid = 31 gal.
固體計量 Dry Measures
1 in
3
= 16.387 cm
3
1 ft
3
= (12 in)
3
= 1728 in
3
1 yd
3
= (3 ft)
3
= 27 ft
3
1 dry pint (pt) = 33.60 in
3
1 dry quart (qt) = 2 dry pints = 67.2
1 peck = 8 dry quarts
in
3
1 bushel = 4 pecks 1 cord = 128 ft
3
SI (Metric) Prefixes *
Small Values Large Values
Prefix Abbreviation Value Prefix Abbreviation Value
分(十分)
十 deca
d 10
-1
da 10
1
deci
厘(百分)
百 hecto
c (%) 10
-2
h 10
2
centi
毫 milli
千 kilo
m 10
-3
k 10
3
10
-6
百萬
微 micro
μ (ppm)
百萬Mega
M 10
6
分
n (ppb) G 10
9
奈(極10
-9
十億吉(十億)Giga
12
-12
p T 10
皮(微10兆分 兆Tera
-15
飛 femto
f
拍Peta
10
P 10
15
阿 atto
a 10
-18
E 10
18
艾Exa
介 zepto
攸yocto
絲
z
y
10
-21
10
-24
10
-4
皆Zetta
佑Yotta
中文慣用詞
萬
Z
Y
10
21
10
24
10
4
忽
10
-5
億 10
8
京 10
16
其他:中國古稱
垓 秭 穰 溝 澗 正 載 極
10
20
10
24
10
28
10
32
10
36
10
40
10
44
10
48
參考名稱:
恆河阿僧那由不可思無量 大數
沙 祇 他 議
10
52
10
56
10
60
10
64
10
68
10
72
換算 *
英制 -> 公制
1 foot = 0.3048 m
1 mile = 1.6093 km
1 fl. oz. = 29.574 milliliters
1 gal = 3.785 liters
公制 -> 英制
1 m = 3.28 feet
1 km = 0.6214 mi.
1 milliliter = 0.03381 fl. oz.
1 liter = 0.2642 gal.
1 inch = 2.540 cm
1 yard = 0.9144 m
1 pound = 0.4536 kg
1 qt = 0.9464 liters
1 cm = 0.3937 in.
1 m = 1.094 yards
1 kg = 2.205 pounds
1 liter = 1.057 qt.
溫度 Temperature
KC273.15
F
9
C32
5
C
5
(F32)
9
理想氣體狀態方程 Equation of State of an Ideal Gas
pV = mRT if p=1013.25mb, V=22.415*10**3cm**3, T=273.16
゜
K
R*=mR=universal gas constant =8.3144*10**7 erg mol**-1 k**-1
財務公式 Financial Formulas *
nY
APR
AP
1
(APRY)
APe
n
Savings Plan Savings Plan Formula Loan Payment Formula
(Regular Payments) Solved for Payments (Installation Loans)
nY
APR
APR
APR
P
1
1
n
n
PMT
n
nY
APMTPMTA
nY
APR
APR
APR
1
1
11
n
n
n
*部分 摘自美國赫德遜州立大學網頁:
/faculty/lloydm/classes/la/