2024年6月1日发(作者：星兴国)
2020北京西城高三一模
英语
2020.4
本试卷共11页，120分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考
试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）
第一节语法填空（共
10
小题；每小题
1.5
分，共
15
分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的
空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
TheInternationalDayofFamilies,whichwasstartedbytheUnitedNationsin1993,1
celebratesthe
issues3
2
(hold)onMay15every
(important)todeepenpeople’sunderstandingof
4(level).
ifferentthemeeachyear,thedayisobservedwithawide
B
rangeofeventsthatareorganizedatlocal,nationalandinternational
Forthousandsofyears,aduringtheShang
Dynasty,people
6
5(record)ieslater,
Greece,thephilosopher,r
forecastingadvancedovertime,withmoreandmoreinstrumentsusedtomeasuretemperature,humidityandair
,satellitedataandcomputertechnologyhelpscientistspredicttheweathermore7(precise).
C
Lastyear,gkouDistrictofShanghaiwas
thenetwork,WuQing,vicemayorofShanghai,madeaphonecall8(use)
aHuaweiMateX,Huawei’ingtoTheTelegraph,“5Gistheinnovationthat
(shape)allourlivesforyearstocome.”Itis
cellular(
蜂窝状的
)networktechnology.
10
9
(fast)andmorestablethan4G,thepreviousgenerationof
第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上
将该项涂黑。
Itwaslate,,whenJaniceEspositoarrivedattheBellporttrainstation;shejumpedintoher
HondaOdyss’djustreturned
ctically
1
/
15
11on
autopilot:aleftontoStationRoad,thenaleftonMontaukHighway,andthen—wham!Outofnowhere
acarT-bonedEsposito’sminivan,
13
14andtheairbags.
’djustclosedhisbook
17
intheminivan,bruised(撞伤)butmostlyjustknockedoutbythe
Asithappened,PeteDiPintowasgettingreadyfor
underthecoverswhenheheardthesoundofmetalonmetalandbreakingglasscomingfromnotfaroutsidehis
teer16andretiredteacher,DiPinto,64,never
flashlightand,stilldressedinhispajamas
did,”hetoldNewsday.“We’realwayson18.”
Thefirstcarhecameupon,2,000feetfromhisfrontyard,wastheonethathad19
concludedthedriverwasOK,helookedaroundand20
Pinto
.
Esposito’sminivanpositioned
beda
(睡衣),ranoutthedoor.“AnyfirefighterwouldhavedonewhatI
nheheardaterriblesound:thebellssignalinganoncoming21
quicklytoEsposito’sminivanandknockedonthedriver’
unfocused.“Idon’tknowwhereIam,”
and25
DiPintoshouted.“Wehavetogetyouoffrightnow!”Hepulledhardonthe
thepassengersideandthrewopenthe26.“Please,don’tletherbe
29
24
27
22
“Thegateswerestartingtocomedown,”hetoldNewsday.“Iseetheheadlightofthetrain.”DiPintoran
lookedathim,hereyes
23,”seemedunhurt.“Honey,you’reontherailroad
,butthedoorwascrashedin
,”ed
.Theheavydieseltrain,travelingat65milesperhour,oranto
asidethedeflating(瘪了的)airbags,grabbedEsposito’sarms,and28hertowardhimacrossthepassengerseat
untilhecouldhelpheroutandquicklygetherto
day.
Butthisonehadatwist.“Lastnight,”SouthCountryAmbulancechiefGregMiglinotold
CBSNewYork,“the30arrivedinpajamas,notinafiretruck.”
ng
d
ed
g
ed
d
ns
ng
ghter
ed
ed
s
2
/
15
sixseconds,
heestimated,thetraincrashedintotheminivan.“ItwaslikeaHollywoodmovie,”DiPintotoldreportersthenext
ing
er
le
ed
ted
nce
ed
d
d
d
er
ed
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的
A
、
B
、
C
、
D
四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Whatitdoes
Theself-cleaningdoorhandleiscombiningwithadvancedphotocatalytic(光催化)andblacklight
sourceactivatesthedoor’shandlecoating,inimizetherisk
orks
Theworkingprincipleoftheproductisthatathinadvancedphotocatalyticcoatingcaneffectively
decomposebacteria(细菌)stentUVlightsource—insideatransparent
glassdoorhandle—isrequiredtoactivatethedoor’shandlecoatingontheoutersurfacefordisinfection,soa
generatorisusedtoprovideelectricitytolightupaUVLEDlampbythemotionofanopeningandclosingdoor.
Then,thedoorhandlecancleanbyitself.
Designprocess
r,,
wetriedaluminum,improvedthegeneratoroutputwhicheffectively
turnedenergyfromdoormovementintoalightsource.
Howitisdifferent
Ourinnovativedesignissimple,effective,nelegantsmoothshape,anditsminimalist
appearancestandsoutintoday’ys,peopleusechemicalcleaningmaterialstoclean
elf-
oorlockanddoorhandlemarket,itisauniquedesignbecausetherearenosimilar
products.
Futureplans
Inthefuture,wewillcommercializetheproductandhopethatitcancompeteonthemarketwithsimilar
oingtoconnectwithpublicproperties,forexample,shoppingmalls,hotels,hospitalsand
publicrestrooms,wheretheriskofspreadinginfectionishigher.
Awards
InadditiontowinningtheJamesDysonAward,ithasalsoreceivedtheGoldAward,andin2016,itwas
3
/
15
featuredinthe44
th
InternationalGenevaInventionsExhibition.
31.
Howdoestheself-cleaningdoorhandlefunction?
A.
Itcontrolsthedoormovementautomatically.
B.
Itminimizestheriskofinfectionbylesscontact.
C.
Chemicalcleaningmaterialsareusedtocleanitup.
D.
Thelightsourcetellsthedoorhandlecoatingtocleanitself.
32.
Comparedwiththefirstversionoftheproduct,thepresentoneis.
ndcheaper
avyandmoreeffective
randeasier
tractiveandexpensive
33.
Whatdoweknowaboutthenewinventionaccordingtothepassage?
A.
Ithasbeenwidelyusedinpublicareas.
B.
Ithasreceivedrecognitionforitsinnovation.
C.
Itisquitecompetitiveamongsimilarproducts.
D.
Itwillreplacetraditionalchemicalcleaningmaterials.
B
ThislittleSouthAmericanMagellanicpenguinswims5,000miles,toabeachin
Brazil,dslike
somethingoutofafairytale,butit’strue!
71-year-oldretiredbrickworkerJoao,wholivesinanislandvillagejustoutsideRio
deJaneiro,Brazil,guinwas
scuedthepenguin,namingitDin,cleanedtheoiloffitsfeathersand
weekofrecovery,Joaoattemptedtoreleasethepenguinback
r,Dinhadalreadyformedafamilybondwithhisrescuerandwouldn’tleave.
“Hestayedwithmefor11monthsandthen,justafterhechangedhiscoatwithnewfeathers,hedisappeared,”
Joaorecalls.“Ilovethepenguinlikeit’smyownchildandIbelievethepenguinlovesme,”JoaotoldGloboTV.
“s(
啄
)onmylap,letsmegivehimshowers,
andallowsmetofeedhim.”
ProfessorKrajewski,abiologistwhointerviewedthefishermanforGloboTV,toldTheIndependent:“Ihave
thepenguinbelievesJoaoispartofhisfamilyandprobablyapenguin
aswell.”
However,environmentalistswarnthat,whilehundredsoftheMagellanicspeciesareknowntonaturally
migrate(迁徙)thousandsofmilesnorthinsearchoffood,therehasbeenaworryingriseinthephenomenonof
oceaniccreatureswashinguponBrazil’sorDavidZeefromRiodeJaneiro’sStateUniversity,
4
/
15
sorZeeaddedthatseaanimalsfaceincreased
dangerfromleakedtankeroil.
LuckilytheendingforJoaoandDinhasbeenahappyone,eventhoughitisillegalinBraziltokeepwild
animalsaspets.
ProfessorKrajewskisaid:“Professionalswhoworkwithanimalstrytoavoidrelationshipslikethisoccurring
hissinglecasetheauthoritiesallowedDintostay
withJoaobecauseofhiskindness.”
34.
EveryyearDinswimsalongdistancetoabeachinBrazilto.
eingkilled
fromoceancurrents
35.
WhenDinwasfoundin2011,
srescuer
chmorefish
.
unningonthebeach
leaningoiloffhisfeathers
ying
estingonarock
36.
WhatcanwelearnaboutJoaofromthepassage?
A.
Heisnotallowedtokeepthepenguinasapetbytheauthorities.
B.
Heoverprotectsthepenguinbykeepinghimawayfromothers.
C.
Hiscontactwiththepenguinisencouragedbyprofessionals.
D.
Hiskindnesswinsthepenguin’strust.
37.
Thestoryinthepassagemainlyshows
A.
theenvironmentalimpactonwildlife
B.
thelovebetweenhumansandwildlife
C.
thetendencyofwildlifetobondwithhumans
D.
theprotectionofthreatenedwildlifebymankind
.
C
Storeownershavebeeninventingnewtrickstogetconsumersintotheirstoresandpurchasingtheirgoods.
Evenaswefindnewstrategiestoresist,neuroscientists(
神经科学家
)areemployedatmarketingagenciesacross
thecountrytobestfigureoutwhatisgoingthroughaconsumer’sbrainateachpointinthedecisionprocess.
Weconsumersoverspendduetothefactthatwehaveafearofmissingthereallygooddealorhavingtopay
ly,theprefrontalcortex(前额皮层)controlsouremotional
reactionstothings,dvertisercan
disturbourprefrontalcortexjustbydisplayingflashydealsigns,encouragingittodomathonhowmuchmoney
wemightsavenowbybuyingmoreofsomethingwedon’tactuallyneedyet.
Nostalgia,thatregretfulaffectionforpastevents,isanotherstronginfluencerduringtheholidayseason,and
5
/
15
it’n—whethergoodorbad—enhancestheformationofmemories,engagingmore
inganephewsingingacarol,forinstance,mightreawakenmemoriesassociatedwith
thatparticularsoninds
ghtbewhyweareoftengreetedbya
sensoryremindereverywherewegoinamonth.
Whereveryoupurchasegifts,idaysareatime
whenweareespeciallyconditionedtopaymoreforthelabelbecausewe’ingabrand-name
giftsendsthemessagethat“thispersonhasspentmoreonme,soheorshemustvaluememore.”Anditmakes
hingsseemprettymuchthesame,howdoIknowwhichtochoose?Humanshavesurvivedasa
socialspecies,ourbrainsaretryingtomakedecisions,oneofthe
shortcutsistoassumethatifalotofotherpeopleprefersomething(andhighercostisoftenapredictorofthat),
thentheremustbeareason.
ead,resisttheurgetopurchasein
themoment,makenotesforcomparisonshopping,andifthedealisactuallygood,thenitwillholdupto
inspectionandyou’youblowyourbudgetthisseason,remember
thatyourbrainmightbefoolingyouintothatnextpurchase.
38.
FromParagraph2,welearnthat.
A.
theprefrontalcortexisthecalculationcenter
B.
thecommonconsumersalwaysactunreasonably
C.
thesightofflashydealsignsmayfillconsumerswithfear
D.
theadvertisersmakeconsumerspaymoreforthesamething
39.
AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingcanworkonconsumers?
ngafestivalatmosphere.
ingmorefreesamples.
ingthecurrentfashion.
ngabiggerdiscount.
40.
Whydowebuybrand-namegiftsduringtheholiday?
emorereliable.
kepeoplefeelvalued.
41.
Toavoidoverspending,theauthorsuggestswe
easignofsocialstatus.
efavoredbymostpeople.
.
ourbudget
laninadvance
D
hemoment
unnecessaryproducts
ooks,smells,feelsand—mostimportantly—tastesso
,plant-basedburgeralternativeshavesetoffastrongresistancefromthe
terforConsumerFreedom,anonprofitthatadvocatesonbehalfofthefastfoodandmeat
6
/
15
industrieshaslaunchedan“informational”paignhasincludedTV
andonlineads,seemtoimplythatnotonlyisanartificialburgertoo
processed,butthatitmightbeevenlesshealthythantheaveragebeefburger.
Whileit’struethataplant-basedmeatalternativeisprocessedandit’struethateatingoneisnotashealthyasa
pileofrawvegetables,it’sbesttotaketheadswithagenerouspinchofsalt.
Forinstance,theadditivesan
wantssomethingcalledtitaniumdioxide(二氧化钛)intheirmeal?Butthetruthisthatadditivessuchasthose
ethylcellulose,afoodthickener,sounds
unpleasant,it’sreallynothingcomparedwithsalmonella(沙门菌)poisoningyoucangetfromregularmeat.
Also,nganImpossibleorBeyondburger
isn’s,whethertheyaremadefromprocessedpeaproteinorprocessedmeat,will
neverbeashealthyasorganicrawvegetables.
What’sappealingistheprospectofenjoyingajuicyburgerwithoutthebitteraftertasteofguilt.
Let’sfaceit,raisingiscontributingtoclimate
change,andnotjustbecausemethane(
甲烷
)fromcowsandcattleisresponsibleforabout14.5%ofgreenhouse
oadly,ourglobalfoodproductionsystemreleasesmorethanathirdoftheworld’sgreenhousegases.
Yetwecan’tseemtocontrolourmeatappetiteevenknowingthatlargeareasoftheAmazonforesthavebeen
ruined,andcontinue
alsoknowfullwellthatmanyanimalsliveshort,cruellivesinawfulconditionsforthepurposeofbecoming
foodsforhumanstoenjoyatdinner.
Aplant-basedmeatthatsatisfiesmeatdesiresanddeliversproteinbutwithasmallerclimatefootprintisa
potentialenvironmentalgamechangerandthereasonImpossibleFoodswasoneofthosereceivingtheU.N.
erthemeatindustryisonguard.
42.
WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2mostprobablymean?
A.
Theseadsdeservelittleconsideration.
B.
Weshouldspreadthemessageoftheseads.
C.
We’dbetterbecautiouswhenreadingtheseads.
D.
Theseadstellpeoplealotaboutplant-basedburgers.
43.
Whatdoweknowaboutadditivesandpreservativesinplant-basedburgers?
A.
Theyarelikelytocausepoisoning.
B.
Theiruseiswithinthenormalrange.
C.
Somehavenotbeenusedinhamburgers.
D.
Theyareusedtoensureburgerstastegood.
44.
Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsplant-basedburgers?
roving.
7
/
15
ul.
45.
Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthepassage?
A.
B.
C.D.
I:IntroductionP:PointSp:Sub-point(
次要点
)C:Conclusion
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
FashionandIdentity
Forhunopeople
startedwantingtostandoutfromthe“crowd”andbedifferentfromotherpeoplebymeansofchangingtheir
amplesofthese“standingout”becameverypopularandwerefollowedbymorepeople.46
Nowadays,fashionhasbecomeanecessarypartofone’sself-realizationandclothingisbasicallyacovering
designedtobewornonaperson’veringisa“necessity”,whichbringsalotofvarietyintothelives
ofpeopleandmakestheirimagemorecomplete.
Thetypeofclothingcompletelydependsonthepersonwearingitandbecomesareflectionofpersonal
,alotisbice
ofclothingisasimportantasidentificationthroughthecolorofhair,ypieceofclothing
carriesastrongmessageaboutitsowner,everyowner“nests”acertainvalueinitdependingonhismindsetor
today’ore,theclothingofapersonisameansofcommunicationwiththeoutsideworld.47
Clotheshaveasignificantimpactontheunderstandingofthepeoplenearbyaswellasthepersonwearing
tance,asuitcanmakeapersonfeelmoreconfidentandorganized,whichwouldeventuallychange
eventhegesturesoftheperson.48Sometimes,fashionmayplayavitalroleinaperson’slife,especially
nalsocreatesamessagethatisrequiredbyasituation
nbesimplyprovedbyanalyzingone’sreactiononpeoplewearingdifferent
typesofclothing.49Thus,eventhesmallestcompaniesmakewearingasuitoneoftherequirementsfortheir
8
/
15
2024年6月1日发(作者：星兴国)
2020北京西城高三一模
英语
2020.4
本试卷共11页，120分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考
试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）
第一节语法填空（共
10
小题；每小题
1.5
分，共
15
分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的
空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
TheInternationalDayofFamilies,whichwasstartedbytheUnitedNationsin1993,1
celebratesthe
issues3
2
(hold)onMay15every
(important)todeepenpeople’sunderstandingof
4(level).
ifferentthemeeachyear,thedayisobservedwithawide
B
rangeofeventsthatareorganizedatlocal,nationalandinternational
Forthousandsofyears,aduringtheShang
Dynasty,people
6
5(record)ieslater,
Greece,thephilosopher,r
forecastingadvancedovertime,withmoreandmoreinstrumentsusedtomeasuretemperature,humidityandair
,satellitedataandcomputertechnologyhelpscientistspredicttheweathermore7(precise).
C
Lastyear,gkouDistrictofShanghaiwas
thenetwork,WuQing,vicemayorofShanghai,madeaphonecall8(use)
aHuaweiMateX,Huawei’ingtoTheTelegraph,“5Gistheinnovationthat
(shape)allourlivesforyearstocome.”Itis
cellular(
蜂窝状的
)networktechnology.
10
9
(fast)andmorestablethan4G,thepreviousgenerationof
第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上
将该项涂黑。
Itwaslate,,whenJaniceEspositoarrivedattheBellporttrainstation;shejumpedintoher
HondaOdyss’djustreturned
ctically
1
/
15
11on
autopilot:aleftontoStationRoad,thenaleftonMontaukHighway,andthen—wham!Outofnowhere
acarT-bonedEsposito’sminivan,
13
14andtheairbags.
’djustclosedhisbook
17
intheminivan,bruised(撞伤)butmostlyjustknockedoutbythe
Asithappened,PeteDiPintowasgettingreadyfor
underthecoverswhenheheardthesoundofmetalonmetalandbreakingglasscomingfromnotfaroutsidehis
teer16andretiredteacher,DiPinto,64,never
flashlightand,stilldressedinhispajamas
did,”hetoldNewsday.“We’realwayson18.”
Thefirstcarhecameupon,2,000feetfromhisfrontyard,wastheonethathad19
concludedthedriverwasOK,helookedaroundand20
Pinto
.
Esposito’sminivanpositioned
beda
(睡衣),ranoutthedoor.“AnyfirefighterwouldhavedonewhatI
nheheardaterriblesound:thebellssignalinganoncoming21
quicklytoEsposito’sminivanandknockedonthedriver’
unfocused.“Idon’tknowwhereIam,”
and25
DiPintoshouted.“Wehavetogetyouoffrightnow!”Hepulledhardonthe
thepassengersideandthrewopenthe26.“Please,don’tletherbe
29
24
27
22
“Thegateswerestartingtocomedown,”hetoldNewsday.“Iseetheheadlightofthetrain.”DiPintoran
lookedathim,hereyes
23,”seemedunhurt.“Honey,you’reontherailroad
,butthedoorwascrashedin
,”ed
.Theheavydieseltrain,travelingat65milesperhour,oranto
asidethedeflating(瘪了的)airbags,grabbedEsposito’sarms,and28hertowardhimacrossthepassengerseat
untilhecouldhelpheroutandquicklygetherto
day.
Butthisonehadatwist.“Lastnight,”SouthCountryAmbulancechiefGregMiglinotold
CBSNewYork,“the30arrivedinpajamas,notinafiretruck.”
ng
d
ed
g
ed
d
ns
ng
ghter
ed
ed
s
2
/
15
sixseconds,
heestimated,thetraincrashedintotheminivan.“ItwaslikeaHollywoodmovie,”DiPintotoldreportersthenext
ing
er
le
ed
ted
nce
ed
d
d
d
er
ed
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的
A
、
B
、
C
、
D
四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Whatitdoes
Theself-cleaningdoorhandleiscombiningwithadvancedphotocatalytic(光催化)andblacklight
sourceactivatesthedoor’shandlecoating,inimizetherisk
orks
Theworkingprincipleoftheproductisthatathinadvancedphotocatalyticcoatingcaneffectively
decomposebacteria(细菌)stentUVlightsource—insideatransparent
glassdoorhandle—isrequiredtoactivatethedoor’shandlecoatingontheoutersurfacefordisinfection,soa
generatorisusedtoprovideelectricitytolightupaUVLEDlampbythemotionofanopeningandclosingdoor.
Then,thedoorhandlecancleanbyitself.
Designprocess
r,,
wetriedaluminum,improvedthegeneratoroutputwhicheffectively
turnedenergyfromdoormovementintoalightsource.
Howitisdifferent
Ourinnovativedesignissimple,effective,nelegantsmoothshape,anditsminimalist
appearancestandsoutintoday’ys,peopleusechemicalcleaningmaterialstoclean
elf-
oorlockanddoorhandlemarket,itisauniquedesignbecausetherearenosimilar
products.
Futureplans
Inthefuture,wewillcommercializetheproductandhopethatitcancompeteonthemarketwithsimilar
oingtoconnectwithpublicproperties,forexample,shoppingmalls,hotels,hospitalsand
publicrestrooms,wheretheriskofspreadinginfectionishigher.
Awards
InadditiontowinningtheJamesDysonAward,ithasalsoreceivedtheGoldAward,andin2016,itwas
3
/
15
featuredinthe44
th
InternationalGenevaInventionsExhibition.
31.
Howdoestheself-cleaningdoorhandlefunction?
A.
Itcontrolsthedoormovementautomatically.
B.
Itminimizestheriskofinfectionbylesscontact.
C.
Chemicalcleaningmaterialsareusedtocleanitup.
D.
Thelightsourcetellsthedoorhandlecoatingtocleanitself.
32.
Comparedwiththefirstversionoftheproduct,thepresentoneis.
ndcheaper
avyandmoreeffective
randeasier
tractiveandexpensive
33.
Whatdoweknowaboutthenewinventionaccordingtothepassage?
A.
Ithasbeenwidelyusedinpublicareas.
B.
Ithasreceivedrecognitionforitsinnovation.
C.
Itisquitecompetitiveamongsimilarproducts.
D.
Itwillreplacetraditionalchemicalcleaningmaterials.
B
ThislittleSouthAmericanMagellanicpenguinswims5,000miles,toabeachin
Brazil,dslike
somethingoutofafairytale,butit’strue!
71-year-oldretiredbrickworkerJoao,wholivesinanislandvillagejustoutsideRio
deJaneiro,Brazil,guinwas
scuedthepenguin,namingitDin,cleanedtheoiloffitsfeathersand
weekofrecovery,Joaoattemptedtoreleasethepenguinback
r,Dinhadalreadyformedafamilybondwithhisrescuerandwouldn’tleave.
“Hestayedwithmefor11monthsandthen,justafterhechangedhiscoatwithnewfeathers,hedisappeared,”
Joaorecalls.“Ilovethepenguinlikeit’smyownchildandIbelievethepenguinlovesme,”JoaotoldGloboTV.
“s(
啄
)onmylap,letsmegivehimshowers,
andallowsmetofeedhim.”
ProfessorKrajewski,abiologistwhointerviewedthefishermanforGloboTV,toldTheIndependent:“Ihave
thepenguinbelievesJoaoispartofhisfamilyandprobablyapenguin
aswell.”
However,environmentalistswarnthat,whilehundredsoftheMagellanicspeciesareknowntonaturally
migrate(迁徙)thousandsofmilesnorthinsearchoffood,therehasbeenaworryingriseinthephenomenonof
oceaniccreatureswashinguponBrazil’sorDavidZeefromRiodeJaneiro’sStateUniversity,
4
/
15
sorZeeaddedthatseaanimalsfaceincreased
dangerfromleakedtankeroil.
LuckilytheendingforJoaoandDinhasbeenahappyone,eventhoughitisillegalinBraziltokeepwild
animalsaspets.
ProfessorKrajewskisaid:“Professionalswhoworkwithanimalstrytoavoidrelationshipslikethisoccurring
hissinglecasetheauthoritiesallowedDintostay
withJoaobecauseofhiskindness.”
34.
EveryyearDinswimsalongdistancetoabeachinBrazilto.
eingkilled
fromoceancurrents
35.
WhenDinwasfoundin2011,
srescuer
chmorefish
.
unningonthebeach
leaningoiloffhisfeathers
ying
estingonarock
36.
WhatcanwelearnaboutJoaofromthepassage?
A.
Heisnotallowedtokeepthepenguinasapetbytheauthorities.
B.
Heoverprotectsthepenguinbykeepinghimawayfromothers.
C.
Hiscontactwiththepenguinisencouragedbyprofessionals.
D.
Hiskindnesswinsthepenguin’strust.
37.
Thestoryinthepassagemainlyshows
A.
theenvironmentalimpactonwildlife
B.
thelovebetweenhumansandwildlife
C.
thetendencyofwildlifetobondwithhumans
D.
theprotectionofthreatenedwildlifebymankind
.
C
Storeownershavebeeninventingnewtrickstogetconsumersintotheirstoresandpurchasingtheirgoods.
Evenaswefindnewstrategiestoresist,neuroscientists(
神经科学家
)areemployedatmarketingagenciesacross
thecountrytobestfigureoutwhatisgoingthroughaconsumer’sbrainateachpointinthedecisionprocess.
Weconsumersoverspendduetothefactthatwehaveafearofmissingthereallygooddealorhavingtopay
ly,theprefrontalcortex(前额皮层)controlsouremotional
reactionstothings,dvertisercan
disturbourprefrontalcortexjustbydisplayingflashydealsigns,encouragingittodomathonhowmuchmoney
wemightsavenowbybuyingmoreofsomethingwedon’tactuallyneedyet.
Nostalgia,thatregretfulaffectionforpastevents,isanotherstronginfluencerduringtheholidayseason,and
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it’n—whethergoodorbad—enhancestheformationofmemories,engagingmore
inganephewsingingacarol,forinstance,mightreawakenmemoriesassociatedwith
thatparticularsoninds
ghtbewhyweareoftengreetedbya
sensoryremindereverywherewegoinamonth.
Whereveryoupurchasegifts,idaysareatime
whenweareespeciallyconditionedtopaymoreforthelabelbecausewe’ingabrand-name
giftsendsthemessagethat“thispersonhasspentmoreonme,soheorshemustvaluememore.”Anditmakes
hingsseemprettymuchthesame,howdoIknowwhichtochoose?Humanshavesurvivedasa
socialspecies,ourbrainsaretryingtomakedecisions,oneofthe
shortcutsistoassumethatifalotofotherpeopleprefersomething(andhighercostisoftenapredictorofthat),
thentheremustbeareason.
ead,resisttheurgetopurchasein
themoment,makenotesforcomparisonshopping,andifthedealisactuallygood,thenitwillholdupto
inspectionandyou’youblowyourbudgetthisseason,remember
thatyourbrainmightbefoolingyouintothatnextpurchase.
38.
FromParagraph2,welearnthat.
A.
theprefrontalcortexisthecalculationcenter
B.
thecommonconsumersalwaysactunreasonably
C.
thesightofflashydealsignsmayfillconsumerswithfear
D.
theadvertisersmakeconsumerspaymoreforthesamething
39.
AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingcanworkonconsumers?
ngafestivalatmosphere.
ingmorefreesamples.
ingthecurrentfashion.
ngabiggerdiscount.
40.
Whydowebuybrand-namegiftsduringtheholiday?
emorereliable.
kepeoplefeelvalued.
41.
Toavoidoverspending,theauthorsuggestswe
easignofsocialstatus.
efavoredbymostpeople.
.
ourbudget
laninadvance
D
hemoment
unnecessaryproducts
ooks,smells,feelsand—mostimportantly—tastesso
,plant-basedburgeralternativeshavesetoffastrongresistancefromthe
terforConsumerFreedom,anonprofitthatadvocatesonbehalfofthefastfoodandmeat
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industrieshaslaunchedan“informational”paignhasincludedTV
andonlineads,seemtoimplythatnotonlyisanartificialburgertoo
processed,butthatitmightbeevenlesshealthythantheaveragebeefburger.
Whileit’struethataplant-basedmeatalternativeisprocessedandit’struethateatingoneisnotashealthyasa
pileofrawvegetables,it’sbesttotaketheadswithagenerouspinchofsalt.
Forinstance,theadditivesan
wantssomethingcalledtitaniumdioxide(二氧化钛)intheirmeal?Butthetruthisthatadditivessuchasthose
ethylcellulose,afoodthickener,sounds
unpleasant,it’sreallynothingcomparedwithsalmonella(沙门菌)poisoningyoucangetfromregularmeat.
Also,nganImpossibleorBeyondburger
isn’s,whethertheyaremadefromprocessedpeaproteinorprocessedmeat,will
neverbeashealthyasorganicrawvegetables.
What’sappealingistheprospectofenjoyingajuicyburgerwithoutthebitteraftertasteofguilt.
Let’sfaceit,raisingiscontributingtoclimate
change,andnotjustbecausemethane(
甲烷
)fromcowsandcattleisresponsibleforabout14.5%ofgreenhouse
oadly,ourglobalfoodproductionsystemreleasesmorethanathirdoftheworld’sgreenhousegases.
Yetwecan’tseemtocontrolourmeatappetiteevenknowingthatlargeareasoftheAmazonforesthavebeen
ruined,andcontinue
alsoknowfullwellthatmanyanimalsliveshort,cruellivesinawfulconditionsforthepurposeofbecoming
foodsforhumanstoenjoyatdinner.
Aplant-basedmeatthatsatisfiesmeatdesiresanddeliversproteinbutwithasmallerclimatefootprintisa
potentialenvironmentalgamechangerandthereasonImpossibleFoodswasoneofthosereceivingtheU.N.
erthemeatindustryisonguard.
42.
WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2mostprobablymean?
A.
Theseadsdeservelittleconsideration.
B.
Weshouldspreadthemessageoftheseads.
C.
We’dbetterbecautiouswhenreadingtheseads.
D.
Theseadstellpeoplealotaboutplant-basedburgers.
43.
Whatdoweknowaboutadditivesandpreservativesinplant-basedburgers?
A.
Theyarelikelytocausepoisoning.
B.
Theiruseiswithinthenormalrange.
C.
Somehavenotbeenusedinhamburgers.
D.
Theyareusedtoensureburgerstastegood.
44.
Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsplant-basedburgers?
roving.
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ul.
45.
Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthepassage?
A.
B.
C.D.
I:IntroductionP:PointSp:Sub-point(
次要点
)C:Conclusion
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
FashionandIdentity
Forhunopeople
startedwantingtostandoutfromthe“crowd”andbedifferentfromotherpeoplebymeansofchangingtheir
amplesofthese“standingout”becameverypopularandwerefollowedbymorepeople.46
Nowadays,fashionhasbecomeanecessarypartofone’sself-realizationandclothingisbasicallyacovering
designedtobewornonaperson’veringisa“necessity”,whichbringsalotofvarietyintothelives
ofpeopleandmakestheirimagemorecomplete.
Thetypeofclothingcompletelydependsonthepersonwearingitandbecomesareflectionofpersonal
,alotisbice
ofclothingisasimportantasidentificationthroughthecolorofhair,ypieceofclothing
carriesastrongmessageaboutitsowner,everyowner“nests”acertainvalueinitdependingonhismindsetor
today’ore,theclothingofapersonisameansofcommunicationwiththeoutsideworld.47
Clotheshaveasignificantimpactontheunderstandingofthepeoplenearbyaswellasthepersonwearing
tance,asuitcanmakeapersonfeelmoreconfidentandorganized,whichwouldeventuallychange
eventhegesturesoftheperson.48Sometimes,fashionmayplayavitalroleinaperson’slife,especially
nalsocreatesamessagethatisrequiredbyasituation
nbesimplyprovedbyanalyzingone’sreactiononpeoplewearingdifferent
typesofclothing.49Thus,eventhesmallestcompaniesmakewearingasuitoneoftherequirementsfortheir
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