大学英语新标准2课后练习与翻译-USB迷|专注于互联网分享

2024年6月5日发(作者：蒿绮丽)

Unit1

3 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words below.

campus employment establishment launch opportunity prospects protest

What are the most important issues for students today? Is the university (1) __campus___ really such a different place

compared to what it was 40 years ago? Perhaps, as the passage suggests, there are fewer (2) __protests___ by students

against the (3) ___establishment___ than there used to be. And of course, improving your (4) __prospects__ of being

competitive in the (5) ___employment____ market is a major concern for students everywhere, since a good university

degree is the means by which you can (6) ___launch__ your career. But in spite of all this, the role of the university is

the same as it always has been: It is the place where you have the (7) ___opportunity___to learn to think for yourself.

4 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words and expressions in the box. You may need to

make other changes.

alliance characterize clash economy governor liberal liberating

1 There were fights between police and protestors outside the US Embassy. (clashes )

2 The two parties formed a political arrangement to work together to respond to the problem. ( alliance )

3 I’ve always considered myself as someone who is tolerant of other people’s ideas. ( liberal )

4 The chief official of an American state has a lot of power. (governor)

5 The financial situation of Western European countries rapidly improved in the 1960s. (economy)

6 The 1960s were associated with a new type of popular music. ( characterized )

7 For many people, listening to their music was an experience which made them feel free. ( liberating)

5 Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the expressions.

bring about bring sth to its knees drop out give rise to keep off set up

1 Financial insecurity in the 21st century _gave rise to___ a generation of students who are much more serious.

2 Encouraging young people to go to college allows the government to _keep__ them _off___ the list of the unemployed.

3 In 1974 the resignation of US President Nixon ___was brought about by his illegal attempts to ensure re-election.

4 Many students today are even too apathetic to bother ____dropping out / to drop out___ of college.

5 It’s impossible for young people to _set up__a home on their own because apartments and houses are too expensive.

6 In 1968 the French government __was brought to its knees__ by a general strike of workers and students.

6 Answer the questions about the words.

1 If you are in a haze, are you likely to see (a) clearly, or (b) not very clearly?

2 In an atmosphere of political radicalism, will students be (a) active, or (b) not very active?

3 If someone is dissident, do they (a) work for the government, or (b) disagree publicly with the government?

4 If you experience an awakening, is it something (a) you’re likely to have done before, or (b) completely new and

insightful?

5 If you are apathetic about something, are you (a) interested in it, or (b) not interested in it at all?

6 Is a heady atmosphere likely to be (a) boring, or (b) exciting?

7 If a gap shrinks, does it (a) get smaller, or (b) get bigger?

8 If students are umbilically linked to their parents, are they (a) often, or (b) not very often in touch with them?

9 Is a feeling of bliss one of (a) great sadness, or (b) great pleasure?

4 Translate the paragraph into Chinese.

篮球运动是一个名叫詹姆斯·奈史密斯的体育老师发明的。1891年冬天，他接到一个任务，要求他发明一种运动，让田径运动员既

保持良好的身体状态，又能不受伤害。篮球在大学校园里很快流行起来。20世纪40年代，职业联赛开始之后，美国职业篮球联赛

一直从大学毕业生里招募球员。这样做对美国职业篮球联赛和大学双方都有好处：大学留住了可能转向职业篮球赛的学生，而美国

职业篮球联赛无需花钱组建一个小职业篮球联盟。大学篮球在全国的普遍推广以及美国大学体育协会对“疯狂三月”（即美国大学体

育协会甲级联赛男篮锦标赛）的市场推广，使得这项大学体育赛事一直在蓬勃发展。

5 Translate the paragraph into English.

现在中国大学生参加志愿活动已成为常态。他们到社区为老年人服务，到山区助学，举办爱心捐赠活动，或到世博会（World

Expo）或奥运会等重要国际活动担任志愿者。参加志愿活动有助于学生获取专业技能，丰富社会经验，提高道德水平。多数大学生

都认为参与志愿服务是自己应尽的社会责任和义务，希望能做一些有意义的事情来回报社会，积极推动社会和谐发展。

Volunteering has now become the norm for college students in China. The volunteers may provide community services for senior citizens,

support students in mountain areas in education, organize fund raising activities to help those in need, or work for major international

projects such as the World Expo and the Olympic Games. Doing volunteer work is a useful way for students to enhance their professional

skills and social experience as well as promoting their moral development. The majority of college students believe that it is their duty and

obligation to participate in volunteer hope that they can do something meaningful and promote the development of social

harmony.

Unit 2

4 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words and expressions in the box. You may need to make other changes.

confusion discipline distinct evoke retrieve sensitivity sympathetic trace

1 Empathy and sympathy are two separate emotions. distinct

2 A shared feeling of kindness and understanding is common among children and adults. sensitivity

3 Empathy is a physical response by another person, which then gives rise to an emotional reaction. evoke

4 The baby threw out her teddy bear and her brother went to get it back. retrieve

5 Children are often unable to understand when they hear another child crying. confusion

6 Young children often feel kind towards someone who is hurt or sad, and try and help them. sympathetic

7 I can discover the origins of some parts of my personality in the rules of behaviour my parents decided to give me. trace

8 To be more empathetic, children need to be trained to behave with empathy rather than criticized for their behaviour. disciplined

4 Match the words for actions in the box with their definitions.

crawl imitate pat stroke

1 to gently move your hand over skin, hair or fur stroke

2 to move along the ground on your hands and knees crawl

3 to copy someone’s actions, words or behaviour imitate

4 to touch someone gently several times with a flat hand to show that you care about them pat

Now complete the sentences with the correct form of the words.

(a) My father __patted____ me on the head to show he was pleased with me.

(b) Children learn a lot by __imitating__ their parents.

(d) She was sitting quietly in the corner, _stroking__ the cat.

6 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.

1 If tears well up in your eyes, do they (a) begin to appear, or (b) pour out of your eyes?

2 Is virtually used to emphasize that something is (a) almost always completely true, or (b) sometimes true?

3 Is a precursor of something likely to come (a) before it, or (b) after it?

4 Is a developmental psychologist likely to study the behavior of (a) animals, or (b) children and young people?

5 If you comprehend the difficulties, are you likely to (a) understand, or (b) misunderstand them?

6 Motor mimicry is a technical term. Does it refer to (a) the attraction small children feel towards machines, or (b) the spontaneous

imitation of other children’s actions?

7 Does the phrase toddler’s repertoire refer to (a) a series of things that small children typically do, or (b) a pile of toys that small children

enjoy playing with?

8 If two people have views which diverge, are they likely to (a) agree, or (b) disagree?

9 If someone tunes out, do they (a) become interested, or (b) stop paying attention?

4 Translate the paragraph into Chinese.

The Free Hugs Campaign in its present form was started by an Australian man Juan Mann in June 2004, when he began giving out hugs in

the Pitt Street Mall in central Sydney. Juan’s mission was to reach out and hug a stranger to brighten up their lives. Juan had been living in

London when his world turned upside down and he’d had to come home.

By the time his plane landed back in Sydney, all he had left was a carry-on bag full of clothes and a world of troubles. So he got some

cardboard and a marker and made a sign, with the words “Free Hugs” on both sides. He had to wait 15 minutes before an elderly lady came

up to him and gave him a hug. Thanks to his friend Shimon Moore, lead singer for Sick Puppies, who recorded video footage of Juan and his

fellow huggers, this campaign became famous around the world. Today the “Free Hug” campaign is gaining in popularity and is making the

world a warmer place to live in.

目前这种形式的“抱抱团”运动是澳大利亚人胡安 · 曼恩发起的。2004 年 6 月，他开始在悉尼市中心的皮特街购物中心给人送去

拥抱。胡安要做的是伸出胳膊拥抱陌生人，点亮他们的人生。胡安以前住在伦敦，后来他的生活变得一团糟，不得不回家。等他乘

飞机回到悉尼，他只剩下一个塞满衣服的手提行李包和一大堆的麻烦。于是，他找到一块硬纸板和一只马克笔，做了一个指示牌，

在牌子的两面写上“免费拥抱” 。他等了 15 分钟才有一个老太太走上前来，给了他一个拥抱。他的朋友， “病小狗”乐队的主唱希

蒙 · 摩尔，给胡安和他的“抱抱团”成员拍了一段录像，使得“抱抱团”运动在全世界有了更大的知名度。如今， “抱抱团”运动日渐

流行，它使我们生活的这个世界更加温暖。

5 Translate the paragraph into English.

“不以物喜，不以己悲”出自北宋文学家范仲淹的名著《岳阳楼记》，意思是凡事都要以一颗平常心看待，不因外部事物的好坏和自

己的得失而或喜或悲。它是一种思想境界，体现了中国的传统道家思想，教导人们追求一种淡然 (detached) 平静的心态。在物质

文明高度发达的今天，保持这样的心态仍显得十分重要。当你拥有了这种心境，生活就会多一些阳光，多一些快乐。

Be not pleased by external gains, nor saddened by personal losses is a statement from the essay “Remarks of Yueyang Tower” by Fan

Zhongyan, a writer of the Northern Song Dynasty. The statement means one should look at and accept things as they are, and remain

unbothered by external matters or personal gains or losses. It is a mental outlook that reflects the traditional Taoist ideas of China, instructing

people to become calm and detached. Even today, when we have a highly developed material civilization, keeping such a state of mind is still

important. When you possess such a state of mind, you will be able to live a brighter and more joyous life.

Unit3

4 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words below.

boost composed ensure exhausted fatigue roar strain

1 I was extremely tired and I had no energy left. exhausted

2 There was a sound of loud excited shouting from the crowd as the race ended. roar

3 My extra effort over the last stretch made my victory certain. ensured

4 They gave me a feeling of increased confidence just at the right moment. boost

5 The hard physical effort showed in her face. strain

6 The pace at the start of the race revealed my mental and physical tiredness. fatigue

7 I needed to keep calm and relaxed; I didn’t want to panic and lose my concentration. composed

5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the expressions below.

count down fight back keep up with lead up to miss out set off shut out

1 She had spent many weeks of training ___leading up to___ the Olympics.

2 She tried to __shut out___ the noise of the crowds in order to focus on the race.

3 The group set a fast pace, but she managed to ___keep up with__ them.

4 When the boxer was knocked to the ground, the referee started ___counting / to count down_.

5 But she didn’t know if she’d won, so she was worried that she had __missed out__on a gold medal.

6 At the start of the race, the Russians __set off_____ very quickly.

7 She felt exhausted in the middle of the race, but she knew she had to __fight back__ and win.

6 Answer the questions about the words.

1 Hundreds of lights illuminated Stadium Australia …

Was the stadium (a) bright, or (b) dark?

2 The Olympic gold medal was … hanging tantalisingly in the distance.

Was the medal hanging in a way that was (a) exciting because you are eager to get it, or (b) disappointing because you can’t reach it?

3 … it was completely exhilarating …

Was the feeling one of (a) disappointment and anger, or (b) excitement and being full of energy?

4 Union Jacks fluttered all around the vast, beautiful stadium.

Were the supporters (a) throwing paper charms, or (b) waving flags?

5 I felt unified with the crowd …

Did the writer feel (a) lonely and isolated, or (b) together with the spectators?

6 … an injury I had incurred in the long jump …

Did the writer feel the injury was (a) an unpleasant experience, or (b) something that usually happens?

7 … I could hear the commentary team talking about …

Were these people (a) broadcasting to an audience, or (b) talking to themselves?

8 I felt a tingle through the whole of my body.

Was this a feeling of (a) excitement, or (b) pain?

9 … arms aloft and fists clenched …

Did the writer (a) wrap her arms around her body, or (b) lift her arms above her head?

4 Translate the paragraph into Chinese.

Although extreme sports are inherently dangerous and any mistake could result in injury or even death, they are getting so popular in the

Western countries that they attract more “players ” than some traditional team sports. People like extreme sports such as mountaineering,

skiing and rock climbing because these pursuits push them further than they ever thought possible. These activities offer a fantastic chance to

see parts of the coastline and landscape one can’t access in traditional sports. In a traditional sporting event, athletes compete against each

other under controlled circumstances, but athletes in extreme sports compete not only against other athletes, but also against environmental

obstacles and er extreme sports they do, they need to make sure they use the appropriate equipment and the proper safety

precautions. Today, people are seeing a greater variety of extreme sports available, each one more unusual than the last.

尽管极限运动本身很危险，任何闪失都会造成伤害甚至死亡，但这种运动在西方国家却非常流行，吸引的“运动员”比一些传统的团

队体育项目还要多。人们喜欢极限运动是因为他们可以通过参加像登山、滑雪和攀岩这样的极限运动来突破人类的极限。极限运动

给人提供欣赏海岸线和风景的绝佳机会，这样的美景在传统运动中是看不到的。在传统的体育赛事中，运动员在限定的环境里互相

竞争，而极限运动的运动员不仅要互相竞争，还要应对环境的障碍和挑战。不论参加哪一项极限运动，运动员都要确保他们使用合

适的装备，采取恰当的安全防护措施。如今有越来越多的极限运动问世，每一个都比上一个更加独特。

5 Translate the paragraph into English.

乒乓球为中国赢得了荣誉乒乓球被称为中国的国球有三个原因。首先，到目前为止，中国已经获得了二百多个乒乓球世界冠军。其

次，乒乓球有着广泛的群众基础，是中国最受欢迎的业余体育娱乐项目之一。最后，乒乓球运动促进了中国的对外友好交往。1971

年中美两国在北京的乒乓球友谊赛为恢复两国外交关系敲开了大门，史称“乒乓外交”。如今，中国在发展自身乒乓球运动的同时为

其他一些国家输送了优秀的运动员，对推动全球乒乓球运动的发展起到了积极作用。

There are three reasons why table tennis is called China’s national game. First, up to now China has won more than 200 world titles in table

tennis, which has earned great honour for the country. Second, table tennis is widely enjoyed by the general public, and is one of the most

popular amateur recreational sports in China. Finally, table tennis helps promote China’s friendly exchanges with foreign countries. The

friendly table tennis match between China and the US, which took place in Beijing in 1971, is an event known to history as “ping-pong

diplomacy”, and helped resume Sino-US diplomatic relations. Today, while developing its own table tennis, China also has top table-tennis

players playing the game in other countries. This plays a positive role in promoting the global development of the game of table tennis.

Unit 4

4 Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words.

cancel deception fraud household precaution trash

1 As a __precaution_, don’t leave your mail in the mailbox for too long.

2 Even when you cancel your credit cards, you may be at risk of __fraud_ by someone who can use them to obtain store cards.

3 Remember to destroy bank statements before you put them in the ___trash_.

4 When I realized my credit cards had been stolen, I had to _cancel__ all of them.

5 Many people were __deceived____ when Frank pretended to be a doctor, lawyer and a pilot.

6 __Household_goods are things which anyone can buy and are often found at home.

5 Replace the underlined words with the expressions below.

anonymous commonplace fictional forge log off

1 You don’t need to switch your computer off, but remember to sign out of the program when you leave your desk. ( log off )

2 These sorts of crimes are not unusual, they often happen. ( commonplace )

3 He developed a way to create false documents to show qualifications he didn’t have. ( forge )

4 To online criminals, you’re not known personally to them so they take advantage of you. ( anonymous )

5 The story of Catch Me If You Can is of course invented for a book or film, but it’s based on true experience. ( fictional )

6 Answer the questions about the words.

1 If you impersonate someone by copying the way they look, speak or behave , do you (a) sell information about that person, or (b) pretend

to be that person?

2 Is a fraudster (a) a violent, dangerous criminal, or (b) a criminal who deceives people?

3 Is someone in custody (a) held by the police, or (b) committing a crime?

4 If you run a consultancy, are you the owner of (a) a company that offers advice, or (b) a company which breaks the law?

5 When you leave your mail for pickup, do you expect (a) the mailman to collect it, or (b) to find it when you come home?

6 When you shred documents, do you (a) tear them into small pieces, or (b) keep them carefully?

7 Is hacking into someone else’s computer (a) illegally accessing a computer to get information, or (b) damaging a computer program and

destroying information?

4 Translate the paragraph into Chinese.

There have been many remarkable technological innovations in recent years, including the Internet, personal computer systems, and hand

held devices. The Internet continues to evolve, and to make our daily lives easier. However, despite all the benefits of high-tech advancement,

it also poses new problems that we have to deal with. One of these is cybercrime, which is a growing concern for ordinary people as well as

experts. Experts have developed various ways to prevent cybercrime targeted at individuals, families, businesses, and government agencies.

We can also protect ourselves against cybercrime targeted at individuals by limiting the amount of personal information we put online. We

must never provide any personal data to unknown agencies or individuals online. It is also important to be cautious about opening email

attachments and installing programs on our computers.

近年来涌现了许多重大技术发明，其中包括互联网、个人电脑系统及掌上设备。互联网技术不断发展，给我们的日常生活带来了诸

多便利。然而，虽然高科技的发展带来了种种好处，它也带来了有待解决的新问题。其中一个问题就是网络犯罪。网络犯罪已成为

普通民众及专家日益关注的问题。专家们提出了各种方法来预防针对个人、家庭、企业及政府机关的网络犯罪。在预防针对个人的

网络犯罪方面，我们必须尽量减少在网上发布个人信息以自我保护。我们应避免向陌生的在线机构和个人提供个人信息。要格外提

防那些要求在电脑上进行安装的网站或邮箱附件，这一点也十分重要。

5 Translate the paragraph into English.

20世纪中后期，随着科学技术的迅速发展，以网络技术为代表的高科技相继问世。但与此同时，以网络犯罪为代表的各种高科技

犯罪也开始出现，对社会的健康发展带来潜在的威胁。如何预防和减少高科技犯罪已成为受到普遍关注的问题。中国也面临着同样

的问题。为避免或减少由此带来的损失，在日常生活中，我们应该提高警惕，避免上当受骗。

In the middle and late 20th century, the rapid development of science and technology witnessed the birth of high technology, represented by

the Internet. But at the same time various high-tech crimes, as represented by cybercrime, also arose, constituting a potential threat to the

healthy development of society. How to prevent and reduce high-tech crimes has become a common concern. China is facing a similar

situation. To avoid or reduce losses caused by high-tech crimes, we should keep alert in our daily lives, so as not to be deceived.