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2024年3月12日发(作者：徐笑旋)

专题（05）2023高考真题全国甲卷七选五剖析整理共25个短语+备

战高考英语夯实基础与提升能力训练

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2023

年全国甲卷七选五

个短语表达

个阅读理解

++1

个完型

个七选五

个语法填空）

养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前，要

认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着

感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发

现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏

补缺，纠正错误。总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。在这个时

候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。英

语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的

则要想“细心审题”。越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这

样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。

To Becoming A Patient Person

成为一个有耐心的人的诀窍

2. use a little extra patience

要多一点耐心

the Digital Age

在数字时代

used to having what we need immediately

习惯于立即得到我们需要的东西

5. right at our fingertips

触手可及

ced patience .

练习耐心

7. be a whole lot better off. 过得好多了

are several tricks. 这里有几个窍门

ce gratitude 练习感恩

ulness has a lot of benefits

感恩有很多好处

us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic

让我们更快乐，压力更小

甚至更乐观

g thankfulness 表示感谢

12. foster self-control 培养自制力

t gratification 即时满足感

14. the most “feel good” option 最“感觉良好”的选择

15. psychology research 心理学研究

the long run

从长远来看

into the habit of waiting

养成等待的习惯

with small tasks

从小事开始

off watching your favorite show until the weekend

把看你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末

10 extra minutes before going for that cake

多等

分钟再去吃蛋糕

annoying situations.

更烦人的情况。

the uncomfortable

接受不舒服的

e of our comfort zone

在我们的舒适区之外

impatient about the circumstances

对所处的环境不耐烦

uncomfortable, not intolerable

只是不舒服，而不是不能忍受

2023

年全国甲卷七选五

Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person

Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There

s one answer. ’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience

In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However,

research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.

●Practice gratitude (

感激

)

Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.

can also help us practice more patience. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li,

researcher at the University of California.

● Make yourself wait

Instant gratification (

满足

) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research

suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit

of waiting is to practice.18 Start with small tasks_. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait

10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you

start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.

● _19_Accept the uncomfortable__.

So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we

experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to

say to yourself, “_20_This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable__.” You’ll then gradually become more

patient.

A. Find your causes

B. Start with small tasks

C. Accept the uncomfortable

D. All this adds up to a state of hurry

E. It can also help us practice more patience

F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable

G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience

一．阅读理解，

（注意划线词汇并做好收集整理工作。）

阅读理解

(

共

小题，每题

分，满分

分

)

，阅读下列短文

从每题所给的四个选项

、

和

中选

出最佳选项。（注意划线词汇并做好收集整理工作。）

[2023·江苏省高中模拟]In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food

intake are influenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy, including our eating

environment and our perception of the food in front of us.

Studies have shown, for instance, that eating in front of the TV (or a similar distraction) can increase both

hunger and the amount of food consumed. Even simple visual cues, like plate size and lighting, have been shown to

affect portion size and consumption.

A new study suggested that our shot-term memory also may play a role in appetite. Several hours after a meal,

people's hunger levels were predicted not by how much they'd eaten but rather by how much food they'd seen in

front of them—in other words, how much they remembered eating.

This difference suggests the memory of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on our appetite than

the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M. Brunstrom, a professor of experimental psychology at the University of

Bristol.

“Hunger isn't controlled solely by the physical characteristics of a recent meal. We have identified an

independent role for memory for that meal.” Brunstrom says. “This shows that the relationship between hunger and

food intake is more complex than we thought.”

These findings echo earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes trick our body's

response to the food itself. In a 2011 study, for instance, people who drank the same 380-calorie milkshake on two

separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones, depending on whether the shake's label

said it contained 620 or 140 calories. Moreover, the participants reported feeling fuller when they thought they'd

consumed a higher-calorie shake.

What does this means for our eating habits? Although it hardly seems practical to trick ourselves in to eating

less, the new findings do highlight the benefits of focusing on our food avoiding TV and multitasking while eating.

The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight distractions and help us control our appetite, Brunstrom says.

1．Which of the following affects our appetite and food intake according to the author?

A．When we eat our meals.

B．How fast we eat our meals.

C．What ingredients the food contains.

D．How we perceive the food we eat.

2．What would happen at meal time if you remembered eating a lot in the previous meal?

A．You would not feel so hungry.

B．You would have a good appetite.

C．You would not feel like eating at all.

D．You would be more particular about food.

3．Which of the following works best if we plan to control our appetite?

A．Picking dishes of the right size.

B．Tricking ourselves into eating less.

C．Choosing food with fewer calories.

D．Concentrating on food while eating.

4．What is the main idea of the passage?

A．Good eating habits will contribute to our health.

B．Psychological factors influence our hunger levels.

C．Eating distractions often affect our food digestion.

D．Our food intake is determined by our biological needs.

收集整理：

二．七选五（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）（注意划线词汇并做好收集整理工作。）

People in California, US had a difficult time last November. Wildfires that spread through much of the state

took at least 85 lives. __5__

Wildfires are uncontrolled fires. They usually happen in areas where few people live. They are most common

in wooded areas in the US, Canada and Australia. They are also known as forest fires or grass fires, or as bush fires

in Australia.

Lightning strikes and volcanic eruptions can cause wildfires. _6__ Dry and hot weather, as well as wind,

creates perfect wildfire conditions that cause wildfires. __7__

Wildfires can burn at over 900℃ and reach heights of more than 50 meters. They can move at speeds of up to

23 kilometers an hour, burning everything—trees, brushes, homes, even people—in their path.

_8 _ In Australia, koalas can't get enough water from tree leaves because of wildfires. They have to leave their

trees and find water somewhere else. But sometimes, fires can be good for some plants. Heat from the fires makes

some fungi (真菌), such as morel mushrooms (羊肚蘑), grow better. __9__

A. They help wildfires spread quickly and last for weeks.

B. This makes them the most deadly wildfires in California.

C. People can find more of them in the wild after a fire.

D. However, 90 percent of wildfires are caused by humans.

E. Wildfires happen each year, taking lives and destroying property.

F. The fires are also dangerous to animals.

G. Here are some ways to prevent wildfires.

收集整理：

三．完形填空（共15小题，每小题1 分，满分15分）（注意划线词汇并做好收集整理工作。）

[2023·浙江省杭州市一模]It was more than two years since I'd been biking home from work and someone

had opened a car door into the bike line, sending me flying like Superman. It caused my __1__ damage.

After that, I worked part-time at my full-time job. I could __2__ only 20 hours a week. I'd hoped I would

return to work __3__. But I didn't. After four hours of work, I'd go home and take a three-hour nap. __4__， my

employer, unable to let me work part-time for long, __5__ me.

When I told a friend I might never __6__， he responded, “ your base intelligence is twice that of a

normal person, so it sounds to me that you just can't be a(n) __7__ anymore.”

I knew he meant well, but I was still __8__. He assumed that suffering brain damage meant I was less __9__

than before. And I worried: Is that what everyone else thinks, too?

About nine months ago, I was at a gathering of maybe a dozen __10__， and one man mentioned he'd just left

his job __11__ a disability. He mentioned his disability and kept on talking, as __12__ as I might say, “I ate

bread for breakfast.” Nobody showed a reaction except I felt really __13__ that he had the confidence to say it

at all.

I could __14__ my disability at ease, I thought. That's a(n) __15__ I could make.

1．

C．back

C．process

B．brain

D．neck

B．spare

D．manage

B．protected

D．rescued

B．Eventually

D．Amazingly

B．disliked

D．scolded

B．resign

D．relax

B．employee

D．superhero

B．confused

D．hesitant

B．intelligent

D．healthy

B．engineers

D．strangers

B．because of

D．in terms of

B．confidently

D．carefully

B．excited

D．discouraged

B．hide

D．prevent

B．rule

D．choice

2．e

3．

C．strengthened

4．sly

C．Suddenly

5．ened

C．dismissed

6．

C．recover

7．t

C．networker

8．ated

C．regretful

9．stic

C．energetic

C．pioneers

10．tes

11． spite of

C．in case of

12．ly

C．cheerfully

13．d

C．surprised

14．

C．discuss

15．

C．appointment

收集整理：

.语法填空

(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

[2023·福建省高三联合测评]One of the biggest themes at this year's CES tech show was electric and

autonomous transportation—cars, trucks, bikes, boats. And, it turns out, tractors.

Farm-equipment giant Deere showed a new autonomous tractor with 1.________ attached tillage (耕作) tool

at CES. For those not familiar 2.________ farm life, Julian Sanchez, Deere's director of emerging technologies,

says that tillage is an 3.________ (importance), time-consuming, and tiring process of preparing the soil for

next season's planting. If you don't do it fast, the ground could freeze. And 4.________ (effective) tilling means

some seeds won't take and yield (产量) 5.________ (drop).

While automatic driving has been on tractors for several 6.________ (year), Deere's autonomous tractor

can operate without a driver in the cab. The tractor can detect obstacles 7.________ might damage the attached

tiller. And, he says, it can run around the clock, saving time and labor, and improving productivity by as much as

20%.

If the tilling is too shallow, you don't break up the straw too deep, and the tractor moves too 8.________

(slow), increasing fuel costs. This system includes six cameras to detect holes, rocks, or other materials,

9.________ (inform) the farmer when an issue needs to be addressed. Eventually. Deere expects 10.________

(add) other tasks to the autonomous tractor.

收集整理：

答案与解析

2023高考真题全国甲卷七选五

【答案】

16. G 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. F

阅读理解

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过提出几项研究，讲述了我们的食欲和食物摄入量还受到

大量因素的影响，包括我们的饮食环境和我们对面前食物的感知。

1．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In recent years, a growing body of research has shown

that our appetite and food intake are influenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy,

including our eating environment and our perception of the food in front of us.(近年来，越来越多的研究表明，除

了我们对能量的生物需求外，我们的食欲和食物摄入量还受到大量因素的影响，包括我们的饮食环境和我

们对面前食物的感知。) ”可知，调查显示，吃东西的环境和我们对食物的感知也会影响着我们对食物的胃

口和摄入。

2．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Several hours after a meal, people's hunger levels were

predicted ... by how much food they'd seen in front of them—in other words, how much they remembered eating.”

可推出，如果人们记得自己曾吃过很多东西，他们就会感到不那么饿。

3．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The socalled mindfuleating strategies can fight

distractions and help us control our appetite, Brunstrom says.”可知，Brunstrom的研究表明，专注地吃东西可以

帮助我们控制胃口。

4．答案与解析：B 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了影响我们饥饿水平的一些心理原因，例如文章第一

段“our eating environment and our perception of the food in front of us.”，第三段“A new study suggested that our

shotterm memory also may play a role in appetite.”等，对食物的感知、饮食环节、标签作用等，都是一些影响

人们饥饿水平的心理原因。

二．七选五 BDAFC

答案与解析

【语篇解读】去年11月加州遭遇大火，并夺去85个人的生命，文章介绍了野火的成因和危害。

好词 ①uncontrolled adj.无法控制的；②take lives夺去生命

5．B 空前一句提到火灾夺去至少85条人命，由此判断出B项“这使得这些野火成为加州最致命的野

火”，符合语境。

6．D 该段说明的是野火的起因，空前和空后两句中的关键词cause提示D项“然而，90%的野火由人

类引起”，符合语境。

7．A 空前一句说明干燥炎热的天气和风创造了野火的完美条件，故A项“这帮助野火迅速蔓延并持续

数周”，符合语境。

8．F 空后一段提到由于火灾，考拉从树叶里汲取不到足够的水分，这说明火灾对动物们很危险，故

选项F正确。

9．C 空前一句说明火灾有助一些真菌比如羊肚蘑的生长，因此火灾后，在野外可以找到许多真菌，

故C项正确。

完形填空

BDABC CBABD BACCD

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者骑车下班路上遇到车祸伤到了脑部，被迫离职。

作者很沮丧。在参加了一个大约有十几个陌生人的聚会中一个人自信地提到他因为残疾刚刚离职。作者很

触动，自己可以放心地讨论自己的残疾。

1．答案与解析：B 根据下文“He assumed that suffering brain damage meant I was less __9__ than

before.”可知，作者脑部受伤。

2．答案与解析：D 根据上文“ It caused my __1__ damage.”可知，作者脑部受伤影响工作，每周只能

工作20小时。

3．答案与解析：A 根据上文“ It caused my __1__ damage.”可知，作者脑部受伤后，希望能痊愈返回

工作。

4．答案与解析：B 根据上文“After four hours of work, I'd go home and take a threehour nap.”可知，作者

不能工作太久，最后雇主解雇了作者。

5．答案与解析：C 根据上文“After four hours of work, I'd go home and take a threehour nap.”可知，作者

不能工作太久，最后雇主解雇了作者。

6．答案与解析：C 根据上文“ I'd hoped I would return to work __3__. But I didn't.”可知，作者认为自

己无法恢复。

7．答案与解析：D 根据上文“your base intelligence is twice that of a normal person”可知，朋友安慰作者