2024年3月24日发(作者：源丹云)

.

2018年6月大学英语四级真题（第3套)

Part I Writing （30 minutes）

Directions:

For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay on the importanceof speaki

ng ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words.

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)

说明：由于2018年6月四级考试全国共考了两套听力, 本套真题

听力与前两套内容相同, 只是选项顺序不同, 因此在本套真题中不再

重复出现。

Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions:

In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for

each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage

through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please

mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Neon (霓虹) is to Hong Kong as red phone booths are to London and fog is to San Francisco.

When night falls, red and blue and other colors 26 a hazy (雾蒙蒙的) glow over a city lit up by tens

of thousands of neon signs. But many of them are going dark, 27 by more practical, but less romantic,

LEDs (发光二极管).

Changing building codes, evolving tastes, and the high cost of maintaining those wonderful old

signs have businesses embracing LEDs, which are energy 28 , but still carry great cost. "To me, neon

represents memories of the past," says photographer Sharon Blance, whose series Hong Kong Neon

celebrates the city's famous signs. "Looking at the signs now I get a feeling of amazement, mixed with

sadness."

Building a neon sign is an art practiced by 29 trained on the job to mold glass tubes into 30

shapes and letters. They fill these tubes with gases that glow when 31 . Neon makes orange, while

other gases make yellow or blue. It takes many hours to craft a single sign.

. v

.

Blance spent a week in Hong Kong and 32 more than 60 signs; 22 of them appear in the series

that capture the signs lighting up lonely streets—an 33 that makes it easy to admire their colors and

craftsmanship. "I love the beautiful, handcrafted, old-fashioned 34 of neon," says Blance. The signs

do nothing more than 35 a restaurant, theater, or other business, but do so in the most striking way

possible.

A) alternative B) approach C) cast D) challenging E) decorative

F) efficient G) electrified H) identify I) photographed J) professionals

K) quality L) replaced M) stimulate N) symbolizes O) volunteers

Section B

Directions: I

n this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.

Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from

which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.

Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding

letter on Answer Sheet 2.

New Jersey School District Eases Pressure on Students—Baring an Ethnic Divide

A) This fall, David Aderhold, the chief of a high-achieving school district near Princeton, New Jersey,

sent parents an alarming 16-page letter. The school district, he said, was facing a crisis. Its students

were overburdened and stressed out, having to cope with too much work and too many demands. In

the previous school year, 120 middle and high school students were recommended for mental health

assessments and 40 were hospitalized. And on a survey administered by the district, students wrote

things like, "I hate going to school," and "Coming out of 12 years in this district, I have learned one

thing: that a grade, a percentage or even a point is to be valued over anything else."

B) With his letter, Aderhold inserted West Windsor-Plainsboro Regional School District into a

national discussion about the intense focus on achievement at elite schools, and whether it has gone

too far. At follow-up meetings, he urged parents to join him in advocating a "whole child" approach

to schooling that respects "social-emotional development" and "deep and meaningful learning" over

academics alone. The alternative, he suggested, was to face the prospect of becoming another Palo

Alto, California, where outsize stress on teenage students is believed to have contributed to a number

of suicides in the last six years.

C) But instead of bringing families together, Aderhold's letter revealed a divide in the district, which

has 9,700 students, and one that broke down roughly along racial lines. On one side are white parents

like Catherine Foley, a former president of the Parent-Teacher-Student Association at her daughter's

. v

.

middle school, who has come to see the district's increasingly pressured atmosphere as opposed to

learning. "My son was in fourth grade and told me, 'I'm not going to amount to anything because I

have nothing to put on my resume,'" she said. On the other side are parents like Mike Jia, one of the

thousands of Asian-American professionals who have moved to the district in the past decade, who

said Aderhold's reforms would amount to a "dumbing down" of his children's education. "What is

happening here reflects a national anti-intellectual trend that will not prepare our children for the

future," Jia said.

D) About 10 minutes from Princeton and an hour and a half from New York City, West Windsor and

Plainsboro have become popular bedroom communities for technology entrepreneurs, researchers

and engineers, drawn in large part by the public schools. From the last three graduating classes, 16

seniors were admitted to MIT. It produces Science Olympiad winners, classically trained musicians

and students with perfect SAT scores.

E) The district has become increasingly popular with immigrant families from China, India and Korea.

This year, 65 percent of its students are Asian-American, compared with 44 percent in 2007. Many of

them are the first in their families born in the United States. They have had a growing influence on

the district. Asian-American parents are enthusiastic supporters of the competitive instrumental music

program. They have been huge supporters of the district's advanced mathematics program, which

once began in the fourth grade but will now start in the sixth. The change to the program, in which 90

percent of the participating students are Asian-American, is one of Aderhold's reforms.

F) Asian-American students have been eager participants in a state program that permits them to take

summer classes off campus for high school credit, allowing them to maximize the number of honors

and Advanced Placement classes they can take, another practice that Aderhold is limiting this school

year. With many Asian-American children attending supplementary instructional programs, there is a

perception among some white families that the elementary school curriculum is being sped up to

accommodate them.

G) Both Asian-American and white families say the tension between the two groups has grown

steadily over the past few years, as the number of Asian families has risen. But the division has

become more obvious in recent months as Aderhold has made changes, including no-homework

nights, an end to high school midterms and finals, and an initiative that made it easier to participate in

the music program.

H) Jennifer Lee, professor of sociology at the University of California, Irvine, and an author of the

Asian American Achievement Paradox, says misunderstanding between first-generation

Asian-American parents and those who have been in this country longer are common. What white

middle-class parents do not always understand, she said, is how much pressure recent immigrants feel

. v

.

to boost their children into the middle class. "They don't have the same chances to get their children

internships (实习职位) or jobs at law firms," Lee said. "So what they believe is that their children

must excel and beat their white peers in academic settings so they have the same chances to excel later.

"

I) The issue of the stresses felt by students in elite school districts has gained attention in recent years

as schools in places like Newton, Massachusetts, and Palo Alto have reported a number of suicides.

West Windsor-Plainsboro has not had a teenage suicide in recent years, but Aderhold, who has

worked in the district for seven years and been chief for the last three years, said he had seen

troubling signs. In a recent art assignments, a middle school student depicted (描绘) an overburdened

child who was being scolded for earning an A, rather than an A+ , on a math exam. In the image, the

mother scolds the student with the words, "Shame on you!" Further, he said, the New Jersey

Education Department has flagged at least two pieces of writing on state English language

assessments in which students expressed suicidal thoughts.

J) The survey commissioned by the district found that 68 percent of high school honor and Advanced

Placement students reported feeling stressed about school "always or most of the time." "We need to

bring back some balance," Aderhold said. "You don't want to wait until it's too late to do something.

"

K) Not all public opinion has fallen along racial lines. Karen Sue, the Chinese-American mother of a

fifth-grader and an eighth-grader, believes the competition within the district has gotten out of

control. Sue, who was born in the United States to immigrant parents, wants her peers to dial it back.

"It's become an arms race, an educational arms race," she said. "We all want our kids to achieve and

be successful. The question is, at what cost"

36. Aderhold is limiting the extra classes that students are allowed to take off campus.

37. White and Asian-American parents responded differently to Aderhold's appeal.

38. Suicidal thoughts have appeared in some students' writings.

39. Aderhold's reform of the advanced mathematics program will affect Asian-American students

most.

40. Aderhold appealed for parents' support in promoting an all-round development of children,

instead of focusing only on their academic performance.

41. One Chinese-American parent thinks the competition in the district has gone too far.

42. Immigrant parents believe that academic excellence will allow their children equal chances to

succeed in the future.

. v

.

43. Many businessmen and professionals have moved to West Windsor and Plainsboro because of the

public schools there.

44. A number of students in Aderhold's school district were found to have stress-induced mental

health problems.

45. The tension between Asian-American and white families has increased in recent years.

Section C

Directions:

There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or

unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should

decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line

through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.

For thousands of years, people have known that the best way to understand a concept is to

explain it to someone else. "While we teach, we learn," said Roman philosopher Seneca. Now

scientists are bringing this ancient wisdom up-to-date. They're documenting why teaching is such a

fruitful way to learn, and designing innovative ways for young people to engage in instruction.

Researchers have found that students who sign up to tutor others work harder to understand the

material, recall it more accurately and apply it more effectively. Student teachers score higher on tests

than pupils who're learning only for their own sake. But how can children, still learning themselves,

teach others" One answer: They can tutor younger kids. Some studies have found that first-born

children are more intelligent than their later-born siblings (兄弟姐妹). This suggests their higher IQs

result from the time they spend teaching their siblings. Now educators are experimenting with ways to

apply this model to academic subjects. They engage college undergraduates to teach computer science

to high school students, who in turn instruct middle school students on the topic.

But the most cutting-edge tool under development is the "teachable agent"—a computerized

character who learns, tries, makes mistakes and asks questions just like a real-world pupil. Computer

scientists have created an animated (动画的) figure called Betty's Brain, who has been "taught" about

environmental science by hundreds of middle school students. Student teachers are motivated to help

Betty master certain materials. While preparing to teach, they organize their knowledge and improve

their own understanding. And as they explain the information to it, they identify problems in their

own thinking.

. v

2024年3月24日发(作者：源丹云)

.

2018年6月大学英语四级真题（第3套)

Part I Writing （30 minutes）

Directions:

For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay on the importanceof speaki

ng ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words.

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)

说明：由于2018年6月四级考试全国共考了两套听力, 本套真题

听力与前两套内容相同, 只是选项顺序不同, 因此在本套真题中不再

重复出现。

Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions:

In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for

each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage

through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please

mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Neon (霓虹) is to Hong Kong as red phone booths are to London and fog is to San Francisco.

When night falls, red and blue and other colors 26 a hazy (雾蒙蒙的) glow over a city lit up by tens

of thousands of neon signs. But many of them are going dark, 27 by more practical, but less romantic,

LEDs (发光二极管).

Changing building codes, evolving tastes, and the high cost of maintaining those wonderful old

signs have businesses embracing LEDs, which are energy 28 , but still carry great cost. "To me, neon

represents memories of the past," says photographer Sharon Blance, whose series Hong Kong Neon

celebrates the city's famous signs. "Looking at the signs now I get a feeling of amazement, mixed with

sadness."

Building a neon sign is an art practiced by 29 trained on the job to mold glass tubes into 30

shapes and letters. They fill these tubes with gases that glow when 31 . Neon makes orange, while

other gases make yellow or blue. It takes many hours to craft a single sign.

. v

.

Blance spent a week in Hong Kong and 32 more than 60 signs; 22 of them appear in the series

that capture the signs lighting up lonely streets—an 33 that makes it easy to admire their colors and

craftsmanship. "I love the beautiful, handcrafted, old-fashioned 34 of neon," says Blance. The signs

do nothing more than 35 a restaurant, theater, or other business, but do so in the most striking way

possible.

A) alternative B) approach C) cast D) challenging E) decorative

F) efficient G) electrified H) identify I) photographed J) professionals

K) quality L) replaced M) stimulate N) symbolizes O) volunteers

Section B

Directions: I

n this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.

Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from

which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.

Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding

letter on Answer Sheet 2.

New Jersey School District Eases Pressure on Students—Baring an Ethnic Divide

A) This fall, David Aderhold, the chief of a high-achieving school district near Princeton, New Jersey,

sent parents an alarming 16-page letter. The school district, he said, was facing a crisis. Its students

were overburdened and stressed out, having to cope with too much work and too many demands. In

the previous school year, 120 middle and high school students were recommended for mental health

assessments and 40 were hospitalized. And on a survey administered by the district, students wrote

things like, "I hate going to school," and "Coming out of 12 years in this district, I have learned one

thing: that a grade, a percentage or even a point is to be valued over anything else."

B) With his letter, Aderhold inserted West Windsor-Plainsboro Regional School District into a

national discussion about the intense focus on achievement at elite schools, and whether it has gone

too far. At follow-up meetings, he urged parents to join him in advocating a "whole child" approach

to schooling that respects "social-emotional development" and "deep and meaningful learning" over

academics alone. The alternative, he suggested, was to face the prospect of becoming another Palo

Alto, California, where outsize stress on teenage students is believed to have contributed to a number

of suicides in the last six years.

C) But instead of bringing families together, Aderhold's letter revealed a divide in the district, which

has 9,700 students, and one that broke down roughly along racial lines. On one side are white parents

like Catherine Foley, a former president of the Parent-Teacher-Student Association at her daughter's

. v

.

middle school, who has come to see the district's increasingly pressured atmosphere as opposed to

learning. "My son was in fourth grade and told me, 'I'm not going to amount to anything because I

have nothing to put on my resume,'" she said. On the other side are parents like Mike Jia, one of the

thousands of Asian-American professionals who have moved to the district in the past decade, who

said Aderhold's reforms would amount to a "dumbing down" of his children's education. "What is

happening here reflects a national anti-intellectual trend that will not prepare our children for the

future," Jia said.

D) About 10 minutes from Princeton and an hour and a half from New York City, West Windsor and

Plainsboro have become popular bedroom communities for technology entrepreneurs, researchers

and engineers, drawn in large part by the public schools. From the last three graduating classes, 16

seniors were admitted to MIT. It produces Science Olympiad winners, classically trained musicians

and students with perfect SAT scores.

E) The district has become increasingly popular with immigrant families from China, India and Korea.

This year, 65 percent of its students are Asian-American, compared with 44 percent in 2007. Many of

them are the first in their families born in the United States. They have had a growing influence on

the district. Asian-American parents are enthusiastic supporters of the competitive instrumental music

program. They have been huge supporters of the district's advanced mathematics program, which

once began in the fourth grade but will now start in the sixth. The change to the program, in which 90

percent of the participating students are Asian-American, is one of Aderhold's reforms.

F) Asian-American students have been eager participants in a state program that permits them to take

summer classes off campus for high school credit, allowing them to maximize the number of honors

and Advanced Placement classes they can take, another practice that Aderhold is limiting this school

year. With many Asian-American children attending supplementary instructional programs, there is a

perception among some white families that the elementary school curriculum is being sped up to

accommodate them.

G) Both Asian-American and white families say the tension between the two groups has grown

steadily over the past few years, as the number of Asian families has risen. But the division has

become more obvious in recent months as Aderhold has made changes, including no-homework

nights, an end to high school midterms and finals, and an initiative that made it easier to participate in

the music program.

H) Jennifer Lee, professor of sociology at the University of California, Irvine, and an author of the

Asian American Achievement Paradox, says misunderstanding between first-generation

Asian-American parents and those who have been in this country longer are common. What white

middle-class parents do not always understand, she said, is how much pressure recent immigrants feel

. v

.

to boost their children into the middle class. "They don't have the same chances to get their children

internships (实习职位) or jobs at law firms," Lee said. "So what they believe is that their children

must excel and beat their white peers in academic settings so they have the same chances to excel later.

"

I) The issue of the stresses felt by students in elite school districts has gained attention in recent years

as schools in places like Newton, Massachusetts, and Palo Alto have reported a number of suicides.

West Windsor-Plainsboro has not had a teenage suicide in recent years, but Aderhold, who has

worked in the district for seven years and been chief for the last three years, said he had seen

troubling signs. In a recent art assignments, a middle school student depicted (描绘) an overburdened

child who was being scolded for earning an A, rather than an A+ , on a math exam. In the image, the

mother scolds the student with the words, "Shame on you!" Further, he said, the New Jersey

Education Department has flagged at least two pieces of writing on state English language

assessments in which students expressed suicidal thoughts.

J) The survey commissioned by the district found that 68 percent of high school honor and Advanced

Placement students reported feeling stressed about school "always or most of the time." "We need to

bring back some balance," Aderhold said. "You don't want to wait until it's too late to do something.

"

K) Not all public opinion has fallen along racial lines. Karen Sue, the Chinese-American mother of a

fifth-grader and an eighth-grader, believes the competition within the district has gotten out of

control. Sue, who was born in the United States to immigrant parents, wants her peers to dial it back.

"It's become an arms race, an educational arms race," she said. "We all want our kids to achieve and

be successful. The question is, at what cost"

36. Aderhold is limiting the extra classes that students are allowed to take off campus.

37. White and Asian-American parents responded differently to Aderhold's appeal.

38. Suicidal thoughts have appeared in some students' writings.

39. Aderhold's reform of the advanced mathematics program will affect Asian-American students

most.

40. Aderhold appealed for parents' support in promoting an all-round development of children,

instead of focusing only on their academic performance.

41. One Chinese-American parent thinks the competition in the district has gone too far.

42. Immigrant parents believe that academic excellence will allow their children equal chances to

succeed in the future.

. v

.

43. Many businessmen and professionals have moved to West Windsor and Plainsboro because of the

public schools there.

44. A number of students in Aderhold's school district were found to have stress-induced mental

health problems.

45. The tension between Asian-American and white families has increased in recent years.

Section C

Directions:

There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or

unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should

decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line

through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.

For thousands of years, people have known that the best way to understand a concept is to

explain it to someone else. "While we teach, we learn," said Roman philosopher Seneca. Now

scientists are bringing this ancient wisdom up-to-date. They're documenting why teaching is such a

fruitful way to learn, and designing innovative ways for young people to engage in instruction.

Researchers have found that students who sign up to tutor others work harder to understand the

material, recall it more accurately and apply it more effectively. Student teachers score higher on tests

than pupils who're learning only for their own sake. But how can children, still learning themselves,

teach others" One answer: They can tutor younger kids. Some studies have found that first-born

children are more intelligent than their later-born siblings (兄弟姐妹). This suggests their higher IQs

result from the time they spend teaching their siblings. Now educators are experimenting with ways to

apply this model to academic subjects. They engage college undergraduates to teach computer science

to high school students, who in turn instruct middle school students on the topic.

But the most cutting-edge tool under development is the "teachable agent"—a computerized

character who learns, tries, makes mistakes and asks questions just like a real-world pupil. Computer

scientists have created an animated (动画的) figure called Betty's Brain, who has been "taught" about

environmental science by hundreds of middle school students. Student teachers are motivated to help

Betty master certain materials. While preparing to teach, they organize their knowledge and improve

their own understanding. And as they explain the information to it, they identify problems in their

own thinking.

. v