2024年5月5日发(作者：泰晓灵)
How to Memorize English New Words?
8 approaches:
1. Pronunciation 朗读强化法
◇ 第一次接触新单词时就要大声地准确地念单词，使口腔肌肉运动起来，参与整个记忆过程，
而这种“肌肉运动记忆”可以保持很长时间，甚至终身不忘。
◇ 英语中越长的单词一般说来越符合发音规则，所以只要发音准确，通常直接就可以拼写出单
词。e.g.:
capacity, destination, integrity, responsibility, correspondence, comprehension, estimate,
compliment, proportion, sufficient, competition, initiative
◇ 对不符合发音规则的单词，边念边提醒自己它的特殊之处。e.g.
mortgage /m gi / 大声念出来并提醒自己“t”不发音
grind /graind/ 大声念出来并提醒自己“i”发长音/ai/
accurate /akju:rit/ 大声念出来并提醒自己“a”发/ i/音而不是/ei/
2. Spelling 拼写法
◇ 指的是用笔在草稿纸上将生词快速书写3--5遍，充分利用“肌肉运动记忆”，使单词书写达
到习惯成自然的境界。把这个方法和朗读法结合起来，边写边看边念记忆效果会更好。e.g.:
不是﹡succed/suceed 而是succeed， 要 double “c”, double “e”
﹡wellcome welcome, 只有一个“l”
﹡morden modern, 词根是mode样式
﹡judgement judgment, 没有“e”（但argument/argument都对）
﹡goverment government, 要加“n”
﹡enviroment environment, 要加“n”
﹡pronounciation pronunciation, 去掉“o”
﹡explaination explanation, 去掉“i”
﹡repeatition repetition, 去掉“a”
3. Word building 构词法
◇ 前缀prefix改变词义
re- again重复；back倒回：review, research, revive; reverse, rewind
ex- out of出去：export, expose, extend, expand, expect, exclude, expel
co- together共同：cooperation, correspond, conclude, conversation, collect,colleague
◇ 后缀suffix改变词性
-able : suitable, acceptable; -ly: quickly,happily,seriously; -tion:expectation, conclusion
◇ 词根root决定词的基本涵义
显性词根：词根本身通常就是一个可以独立使用的词，可以从词表面猜出其涵义，这类词根
通常来自本民族的古英语
act= to act 行动 act, action, active, actively, activate, react, reaction, actual
centr =center中心 central, centralism, concentrate, concentration, self-centered
electr=electric electricity, electrician, electric, electrical, electron, electronics, electronic mail
(e-mail), electrophone
equ=equal 相等的 equal, equality, equation, equator, equivalent
隐性词根：这类词根不能单独作为一个词使用, 从表面猜不出其涵义，但是生成能力强， 可
以衍生出很多词，通常来自拉丁语、希腊语等外来语
1
pose= to put，place 安放 position, positive, compose, expose, impose, suppose, oppose, propose,
dispose,
port= to carry搬运 import, export, transport, transportation, support, report
spect= to see看 expect, respect, inspect, suspect, spectacles, spectacular, prospect
sist= to stand 站立 assist, assistant, consist, exist, insist, persist, resist
4. Synonyms and antonyms 同反义词
◇ 同义词或近义词
extraordinary, unusual, exceptional, outstanding
UK is composed of, be formed by, be made up of, consist of, comprise
◇ 反义词
severe-mild, severe-luxurious, comic-tragic, tedious-interesting/inspiring/exciting
5. Differentiation 辨析形近词同音词，一词多义
形近词: dissent, descent, decent; drift, draft; reverse, revise; adopt, adapt
同音: principal, principle; see, sea; of, off; flower, flour; our, hour;
一词多义
to secret hormone; to keep sth a secret
His industry was rewarded; to develop the industry
The Central Bank raised the interest; his interest in English increases day by day.
in spring; a hot/mineral spring; to spring up like mushrooms
6. Classification and division 归类法
Animal---tiger, peacock, kola, kangaroo, kiwi, dinosaur, dolphin, seal, seagull, polar bear
track & field田径---sprint/middle-distance/long run 短/中/长距离跑, marathon 马拉松, relay
race; relay 接力, hurdles; hurdle race 跨栏, walking; walking race 竞走, steeplechase 障碍赛,
high jump 跳高, pole jump, pole vault 撑竿跳高, long jump 跳远, high skip and jump 三级跳,
shot put 推铅球, discus 铁饼, weight throw 链球, javelin 标枪, decathlon 男子十项全能,
heptathlon 女子七项全能, triathlon 铁人三项
a tree---root, trunk, branche, leave, flower, fruit
a bicycle---wheels,handlebars, frame, chain, pedal, saddle, brake, carrying rack, tyre, bell
7. Word clusters 词汇丛法
常用的联想方法是Who did what? When? Where? How?
football---footballer, striker, midfielder, backward, goalkeeper, substitute, referee, club, fan, pitch,
stadium, home ground, guest ground, to score a goal, own goal, a free kick
8. Free association自由联想法
selfish=sel(l) fish；dog 反过来看就是God; mild 和wild意思相反, M也正好相反W；
innocent=in+no+cent “口袋里没有一分钱，当然清白了”
A plane clashed (相撞) with another one, crashed (坠毁) to the ground and was crushed (轧碎).
In the campaign (战役), we won the champion (冠军) and drank champagne (香槟酒).
4． principles:
1. The more associations the better 多联想
2. Review in time 及时复习
3. Absorb new words anywhere, anytime, and anyway 随时随地记
4. Use the new words as often as possible 尽量多用
2
2024年5月5日发(作者：泰晓灵)
How to Memorize English New Words?
8 approaches:
1. Pronunciation 朗读强化法
◇ 第一次接触新单词时就要大声地准确地念单词，使口腔肌肉运动起来，参与整个记忆过程，
而这种“肌肉运动记忆”可以保持很长时间，甚至终身不忘。
◇ 英语中越长的单词一般说来越符合发音规则，所以只要发音准确，通常直接就可以拼写出单
词。e.g.:
capacity, destination, integrity, responsibility, correspondence, comprehension, estimate,
compliment, proportion, sufficient, competition, initiative
◇ 对不符合发音规则的单词，边念边提醒自己它的特殊之处。e.g.
mortgage /m gi / 大声念出来并提醒自己“t”不发音
grind /graind/ 大声念出来并提醒自己“i”发长音/ai/
accurate /akju:rit/ 大声念出来并提醒自己“a”发/ i/音而不是/ei/
2. Spelling 拼写法
◇ 指的是用笔在草稿纸上将生词快速书写3--5遍，充分利用“肌肉运动记忆”，使单词书写达
到习惯成自然的境界。把这个方法和朗读法结合起来，边写边看边念记忆效果会更好。e.g.:
不是﹡succed/suceed 而是succeed， 要 double “c”, double “e”
﹡wellcome welcome, 只有一个“l”
﹡morden modern, 词根是mode样式
﹡judgement judgment, 没有“e”（但argument/argument都对）
﹡goverment government, 要加“n”
﹡enviroment environment, 要加“n”
﹡pronounciation pronunciation, 去掉“o”
﹡explaination explanation, 去掉“i”
﹡repeatition repetition, 去掉“a”
3. Word building 构词法
◇ 前缀prefix改变词义
re- again重复；back倒回：review, research, revive; reverse, rewind
ex- out of出去：export, expose, extend, expand, expect, exclude, expel
co- together共同：cooperation, correspond, conclude, conversation, collect,colleague
◇ 后缀suffix改变词性
-able : suitable, acceptable; -ly: quickly,happily,seriously; -tion:expectation, conclusion
◇ 词根root决定词的基本涵义
显性词根：词根本身通常就是一个可以独立使用的词，可以从词表面猜出其涵义，这类词根
通常来自本民族的古英语
act= to act 行动 act, action, active, actively, activate, react, reaction, actual
centr =center中心 central, centralism, concentrate, concentration, self-centered
electr=electric electricity, electrician, electric, electrical, electron, electronics, electronic mail
(e-mail), electrophone
equ=equal 相等的 equal, equality, equation, equator, equivalent
隐性词根：这类词根不能单独作为一个词使用, 从表面猜不出其涵义，但是生成能力强， 可
以衍生出很多词，通常来自拉丁语、希腊语等外来语
1
pose= to put，place 安放 position, positive, compose, expose, impose, suppose, oppose, propose,
dispose,
port= to carry搬运 import, export, transport, transportation, support, report
spect= to see看 expect, respect, inspect, suspect, spectacles, spectacular, prospect
sist= to stand 站立 assist, assistant, consist, exist, insist, persist, resist
4. Synonyms and antonyms 同反义词
◇ 同义词或近义词
extraordinary, unusual, exceptional, outstanding
UK is composed of, be formed by, be made up of, consist of, comprise
◇ 反义词
severe-mild, severe-luxurious, comic-tragic, tedious-interesting/inspiring/exciting
5. Differentiation 辨析形近词同音词，一词多义
形近词: dissent, descent, decent; drift, draft; reverse, revise; adopt, adapt
同音: principal, principle; see, sea; of, off; flower, flour; our, hour;
一词多义
to secret hormone; to keep sth a secret
His industry was rewarded; to develop the industry
The Central Bank raised the interest; his interest in English increases day by day.
in spring; a hot/mineral spring; to spring up like mushrooms
6. Classification and division 归类法
Animal---tiger, peacock, kola, kangaroo, kiwi, dinosaur, dolphin, seal, seagull, polar bear
track & field田径---sprint/middle-distance/long run 短/中/长距离跑, marathon 马拉松, relay
race; relay 接力, hurdles; hurdle race 跨栏, walking; walking race 竞走, steeplechase 障碍赛,
high jump 跳高, pole jump, pole vault 撑竿跳高, long jump 跳远, high skip and jump 三级跳,
shot put 推铅球, discus 铁饼, weight throw 链球, javelin 标枪, decathlon 男子十项全能,
heptathlon 女子七项全能, triathlon 铁人三项
a tree---root, trunk, branche, leave, flower, fruit
a bicycle---wheels,handlebars, frame, chain, pedal, saddle, brake, carrying rack, tyre, bell
7. Word clusters 词汇丛法
常用的联想方法是Who did what? When? Where? How?
football---footballer, striker, midfielder, backward, goalkeeper, substitute, referee, club, fan, pitch,
stadium, home ground, guest ground, to score a goal, own goal, a free kick
8. Free association自由联想法
selfish=sel(l) fish；dog 反过来看就是God; mild 和wild意思相反, M也正好相反W；
innocent=in+no+cent “口袋里没有一分钱，当然清白了”
A plane clashed (相撞) with another one, crashed (坠毁) to the ground and was crushed (轧碎).
In the campaign (战役), we won the champion (冠军) and drank champagne (香槟酒).
4． principles:
1. The more associations the better 多联想
2. Review in time 及时复习
3. Absorb new words anywhere, anytime, and anyway 随时随地记
4. Use the new words as often as possible 尽量多用
2