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1类致癌物清单(共120种)

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2024年5月27日发(作者:禽颖慧)

世界卫生组织国际癌症研究机构致癌物清单

1类致癌物清单(共120种)

1类致癌物:对人为确定致癌物。

序号

1

2

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5

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7

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20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

英文名称

Acetaldehyde associated with

consumption of alcoholic beverages

Acheson process, occupational

exposure associated with

Acid mists, strong inorganic

Aflatoxins

Alcoholic beverages

Aluminium production

4-Aminobiphenyl

Areca nut

Aristolochic acid

Aristolochic acid, plants containing

Arsenic and inorganic arsenic

compounds

Asbestos (all forms, including

actinolite, amosite, anthophyllite,

chrysotile, crocidolite, tremolite)

Auramine production

Azathioprine

Benzene

Benzidine

Benzidine, dyes metabolized to

Benzo[ a ]pyrene

Beryllium and beryllium compounds

Betel quid with tobacco

Betel quid without tobacco

Bis(chloromethyl)ether; chloromethyl

methyl ether (technical-grade)

Busulfan

1,3-Butadiene

Cadmium and cadmium compounds

Chlorambucil

Chlornaphazine

Chromium (VI) compounds

Clonorchis sinensis (infection with)

Coal gasification

Coal, indoor emissions from

household combustion of

Coal-tar distillation

Coal-tar pitch

Coke production

Cyclophosphamide

Cyclosporine

1,2-Dichloropropane

Diethylstilbestrol

中文名称

与酒精饮料摄入有关的乙醛

与职业暴露有关的艾其逊法(用

电弧炉制碳化矽)

强无机酸雾

黄曲霉毒素

含酒精饮料

铝生产

4-氨基联苯

槟榔果

马兜铃酸

含马兜铃酸的植物

砷和无机砷化合物

石棉(各种形式,包括阳起石、

铁石绵、直闪石、温石棉、青石

棉、透闪石)

金胺生产

硫唑嘌呤

联苯胺

染料代谢产生的联苯胺

苯并[a]芘

铍和铍化合物

含烟草的槟榔嚼块

不含烟草的槟榔嚼块

双(氯甲基)醚;氯甲基甲基醚

(工业级)

白消安

1,3-丁二烯

镉及镉化合物

苯丁酸氮芥

萘氮芥

铬(6价)化合物

华支睾吸虫(感染)

煤炭气化

家庭烧煤室内排放

煤焦油蒸馏

煤焦油沥青

焦炭生产

环磷酰胺

环孢菌素

1,2-二氯丙烷

己烯雌酚

时间(年)

2012

2017

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

In prep.

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2017

2012

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

72

73

74

75

76

77

Engine exhaust, diesel

Epstein-Barr virus

Erionite

Estrogen therapy, postmenopausal

Estrogen-progestogen menopausal

therapy (combined)

Estrogen-progestogen oral

contraceptives (combined)

Ethanol in alcoholic beverages

Ethylene oxide

Etoposide

Etoposide in combination with

cisplatin and bleomycin

Fission products, including strontium-

90

Fluoro-edenite fibrous amphibole

Formaldehyde

Haematite mining (underground)

Helicobacter pylori(infection with)

Hepatitis B virus (chronic infection

with)

Hepatitis C virus (chronic infection

with)

Human immunodeficiency virus type

1 (infection with)

Human papillomavirus types 16, 18,

31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type

I

Ionizing radiation (all types)

Iron and steel founding (occupational

exposure during)

Isopropyl alcohol manufacture using

strong acids

Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus

Leather dust

Lindane (see also

Hexachlorocyclohexanes)

Magenta production

Melphalan

Methoxsalen (8-methoxypsoralen)

plus ultraviolet A radiation

4,4'-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline)

(MOCA)

Mineral oils, untreated or mildly

treated

MOPP and other combined

chemotherapy including alkylating

agents

2-Naphthylamine

Neutron radiation

Nickel compounds

N'-Nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and 4-

(N-Nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-

pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK)

柴油发动机排气

爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒

毛沸石

绝经后雌激素治疗

雌激素-孕激素更年期治疗(合

用)

雌激素-孕激素口服避孕药(合

用)

含酒精饮料中的乙醇

环氧乙烷

依托泊苷

依托泊苷与顺铂和博来霉素合用

裂变产物,包括锶- 90

氟代-浅闪石纤维状角闪石

甲醛

赤铁矿开采(地下)

幽门螺杆菌(感染)

乙型肝炎病毒(慢性感染)

丙型肝炎病毒(慢性感染)

人免疫缺陷病毒I型(感染)

人乳头瘤病毒16,18,31,33,

35,39,45,51,52,56,58,

人嗜T淋巴细胞病毒I型

电离辐射(所有类型)

钢铁铸造(职业暴露)

使用强酸生产异丙醇

卡波氏肉瘤疱疹病毒

皮革粉末

林丹(参见六氯环己烷)

品红生产

美法仑

花椒毒素(8-甲氧基补骨脂素)伴

紫外线A辐射

4,4'-亚甲基二(2-氯苯胺)

(MOCA)

未经处理或轻度处理矿物油

MOPP(氮芥、长春新碱、甲基苄

肼、强的松)及其他含烷化剂的

联合化疗

2-萘胺

中子辐射

镍化合物

N'-亚硝基降烟碱(NNN)和

4-(N-甲基亚硝胺基)-1-(3-吡

啶基)-1-丁酮(NNK)

2014

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2017

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

In prep.

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2016

2016

Opisthorchis viverrini(infection with)

麝后睾吸虫(感染)

Outdoor air pollution室外空气污染

Outdoor air pollution, particulate

含颗粒物的室外空气污染

matter in

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

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87

88

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98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

Painter (occupational exposure as a)

3,4,5,3’,4’-Pentachlorobiphenyl

(PCB-126)

2,3,4,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzofuran

Pentachlorophenol (see also

Polychlorophenols)

Phenacetin

Phenacetin, analgesic mixtures

containing

Phosphorus-32, as phosphate

Plutonium

Polychlorinated biphenyls

Polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxin-

like, with a Toxicity Equivalency

Factor (TEF) according to WHO

(PCBs 77, 81, 105, 114, 118, 123,

126, 156, 157, 167, 169, 189)

Processed meat (consumption of)

Radioiodines, including iodine-131

Radionuclides, alpha-particle-

emitting, internally deposited

Radionuclides, beta-particle-emitting,

internally deposited

Radium-224 and its decay products

Radium-226 and its decay products

Radium-228 and its decay products

Radon-222 and its decay products

Rubber manufacturing industry

Salted fish, Chinese-style

Schistosoma haematobium (infection

with)

Semustine [1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(4-

methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea,

Methyl-CCNU]

Shale oils

Silica dust, crystalline, in the form of

quartz or cristobalite

Solar radiation

Soot (as found in occupational

exposure of chimney sweeps)

Sulfur mustard

Tamoxifen

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-para-

dioxin

Thiotepa

Thorium-232 and its decay products

Tobacco smoke, second-hand

Tobacco smoking

Tobacco, smokeless

ortho-Toluidine

Treosulfan

Trichloroethylene

Ultraviolet-emitting tanning devices

Ultraviolet radiation (wavelengths

100-400 nm, encompassing UVA,

UVB, and UVC)

Vinyl chloride

Welding fumes

画家,油漆工,粉刷工等(职业暴

露)

3,4,5,3',4'-五氯联苯(PCB-126)

2,3,4,7,8-五氯二苯并呋喃

五氯苯酚(参见聚氯苯酚)

非那西汀

含非那西汀的止痛剂混合物

磷-32,磷酸盐形式

多氯联苯

类二恶英多氯联苯,具有WHO毒

性当量因子(TEF)(多氯联苯

77, 81, 105, 114, 118, 123, 126,

156, 157, 167, 169, 189)

加工过的肉类(摄入)

放射性碘,包括碘-131

放射性核素,α粒子放射,内部沉

放射性核素,β粒子放射,内部沉

镭- 224及其衰变产物

镭- 226及其衰变产物

镭- 228及其衰变产物

氡- 222及其衰变产物

橡胶制造业

中式咸鱼

埃及血吸虫(感染)

司莫司汀[1-(2-氯乙基)-3-(4-

甲基环己基)-1-亚硝基脲,甲基-

环已亚硝脲]

页岩油

石英或方石英形式的晶状硅尘

太阳辐射

煤烟(烟囱清洁工的职业暴

露))

硫芥子气

他莫昔芬

2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并对二恶英

三胺硫磷

钍-232及其衰变产物

二手烟草烟雾

吸烟

无烟烟草

邻-甲苯胺

曲奥舒凡

三氯乙烯

紫外发光日光浴设备

紫外线辐射(波长100-400 nm,

包括UVA、UVB和UVC)

氯乙烯

焊接烟尘

2012

2012

2012

In prep.

2012

2012

2012

2012

2016

2016

In prep.

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2014

2012

In prep.

2012

In prep.

119

120

Wood dust

X- and Gamma-Radiation

木尘

X射线和伽马射线辐射

2012

2012

备注:In prep.表示相关研究结果尚未以电子版或印刷版形式公布。

2024年5月27日发(作者:禽颖慧)

世界卫生组织国际癌症研究机构致癌物清单

1类致癌物清单(共120种)

1类致癌物:对人为确定致癌物。

序号

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

英文名称

Acetaldehyde associated with

consumption of alcoholic beverages

Acheson process, occupational

exposure associated with

Acid mists, strong inorganic

Aflatoxins

Alcoholic beverages

Aluminium production

4-Aminobiphenyl

Areca nut

Aristolochic acid

Aristolochic acid, plants containing

Arsenic and inorganic arsenic

compounds

Asbestos (all forms, including

actinolite, amosite, anthophyllite,

chrysotile, crocidolite, tremolite)

Auramine production

Azathioprine

Benzene

Benzidine

Benzidine, dyes metabolized to

Benzo[ a ]pyrene

Beryllium and beryllium compounds

Betel quid with tobacco

Betel quid without tobacco

Bis(chloromethyl)ether; chloromethyl

methyl ether (technical-grade)

Busulfan

1,3-Butadiene

Cadmium and cadmium compounds

Chlorambucil

Chlornaphazine

Chromium (VI) compounds

Clonorchis sinensis (infection with)

Coal gasification

Coal, indoor emissions from

household combustion of

Coal-tar distillation

Coal-tar pitch

Coke production

Cyclophosphamide

Cyclosporine

1,2-Dichloropropane

Diethylstilbestrol

中文名称

与酒精饮料摄入有关的乙醛

与职业暴露有关的艾其逊法(用

电弧炉制碳化矽)

强无机酸雾

黄曲霉毒素

含酒精饮料

铝生产

4-氨基联苯

槟榔果

马兜铃酸

含马兜铃酸的植物

砷和无机砷化合物

石棉(各种形式,包括阳起石、

铁石绵、直闪石、温石棉、青石

棉、透闪石)

金胺生产

硫唑嘌呤

联苯胺

染料代谢产生的联苯胺

苯并[a]芘

铍和铍化合物

含烟草的槟榔嚼块

不含烟草的槟榔嚼块

双(氯甲基)醚;氯甲基甲基醚

(工业级)

白消安

1,3-丁二烯

镉及镉化合物

苯丁酸氮芥

萘氮芥

铬(6价)化合物

华支睾吸虫(感染)

煤炭气化

家庭烧煤室内排放

煤焦油蒸馏

煤焦油沥青

焦炭生产

环磷酰胺

环孢菌素

1,2-二氯丙烷

己烯雌酚

时间(年)

2012

2017

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

In prep.

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2017

2012

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

72

73

74

75

76

77

Engine exhaust, diesel

Epstein-Barr virus

Erionite

Estrogen therapy, postmenopausal

Estrogen-progestogen menopausal

therapy (combined)

Estrogen-progestogen oral

contraceptives (combined)

Ethanol in alcoholic beverages

Ethylene oxide

Etoposide

Etoposide in combination with

cisplatin and bleomycin

Fission products, including strontium-

90

Fluoro-edenite fibrous amphibole

Formaldehyde

Haematite mining (underground)

Helicobacter pylori(infection with)

Hepatitis B virus (chronic infection

with)

Hepatitis C virus (chronic infection

with)

Human immunodeficiency virus type

1 (infection with)

Human papillomavirus types 16, 18,

31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type

I

Ionizing radiation (all types)

Iron and steel founding (occupational

exposure during)

Isopropyl alcohol manufacture using

strong acids

Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus

Leather dust

Lindane (see also

Hexachlorocyclohexanes)

Magenta production

Melphalan

Methoxsalen (8-methoxypsoralen)

plus ultraviolet A radiation

4,4'-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline)

(MOCA)

Mineral oils, untreated or mildly

treated

MOPP and other combined

chemotherapy including alkylating

agents

2-Naphthylamine

Neutron radiation

Nickel compounds

N'-Nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and 4-

(N-Nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-

pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK)

柴油发动机排气

爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒

毛沸石

绝经后雌激素治疗

雌激素-孕激素更年期治疗(合

用)

雌激素-孕激素口服避孕药(合

用)

含酒精饮料中的乙醇

环氧乙烷

依托泊苷

依托泊苷与顺铂和博来霉素合用

裂变产物,包括锶- 90

氟代-浅闪石纤维状角闪石

甲醛

赤铁矿开采(地下)

幽门螺杆菌(感染)

乙型肝炎病毒(慢性感染)

丙型肝炎病毒(慢性感染)

人免疫缺陷病毒I型(感染)

人乳头瘤病毒16,18,31,33,

35,39,45,51,52,56,58,

人嗜T淋巴细胞病毒I型

电离辐射(所有类型)

钢铁铸造(职业暴露)

使用强酸生产异丙醇

卡波氏肉瘤疱疹病毒

皮革粉末

林丹(参见六氯环己烷)

品红生产

美法仑

花椒毒素(8-甲氧基补骨脂素)伴

紫外线A辐射

4,4'-亚甲基二(2-氯苯胺)

(MOCA)

未经处理或轻度处理矿物油

MOPP(氮芥、长春新碱、甲基苄

肼、强的松)及其他含烷化剂的

联合化疗

2-萘胺

中子辐射

镍化合物

N'-亚硝基降烟碱(NNN)和

4-(N-甲基亚硝胺基)-1-(3-吡

啶基)-1-丁酮(NNK)

2014

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2017

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

In prep.

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2016

2016

Opisthorchis viverrini(infection with)

麝后睾吸虫(感染)

Outdoor air pollution室外空气污染

Outdoor air pollution, particulate

含颗粒物的室外空气污染

matter in

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

Painter (occupational exposure as a)

3,4,5,3’,4’-Pentachlorobiphenyl

(PCB-126)

2,3,4,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzofuran

Pentachlorophenol (see also

Polychlorophenols)

Phenacetin

Phenacetin, analgesic mixtures

containing

Phosphorus-32, as phosphate

Plutonium

Polychlorinated biphenyls

Polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxin-

like, with a Toxicity Equivalency

Factor (TEF) according to WHO

(PCBs 77, 81, 105, 114, 118, 123,

126, 156, 157, 167, 169, 189)

Processed meat (consumption of)

Radioiodines, including iodine-131

Radionuclides, alpha-particle-

emitting, internally deposited

Radionuclides, beta-particle-emitting,

internally deposited

Radium-224 and its decay products

Radium-226 and its decay products

Radium-228 and its decay products

Radon-222 and its decay products

Rubber manufacturing industry

Salted fish, Chinese-style

Schistosoma haematobium (infection

with)

Semustine [1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(4-

methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea,

Methyl-CCNU]

Shale oils

Silica dust, crystalline, in the form of

quartz or cristobalite

Solar radiation

Soot (as found in occupational

exposure of chimney sweeps)

Sulfur mustard

Tamoxifen

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-para-

dioxin

Thiotepa

Thorium-232 and its decay products

Tobacco smoke, second-hand

Tobacco smoking

Tobacco, smokeless

ortho-Toluidine

Treosulfan

Trichloroethylene

Ultraviolet-emitting tanning devices

Ultraviolet radiation (wavelengths

100-400 nm, encompassing UVA,

UVB, and UVC)

Vinyl chloride

Welding fumes

画家,油漆工,粉刷工等(职业暴

露)

3,4,5,3',4'-五氯联苯(PCB-126)

2,3,4,7,8-五氯二苯并呋喃

五氯苯酚(参见聚氯苯酚)

非那西汀

含非那西汀的止痛剂混合物

磷-32,磷酸盐形式

多氯联苯

类二恶英多氯联苯,具有WHO毒

性当量因子(TEF)(多氯联苯

77, 81, 105, 114, 118, 123, 126,

156, 157, 167, 169, 189)

加工过的肉类(摄入)

放射性碘,包括碘-131

放射性核素,α粒子放射,内部沉

放射性核素,β粒子放射,内部沉

镭- 224及其衰变产物

镭- 226及其衰变产物

镭- 228及其衰变产物

氡- 222及其衰变产物

橡胶制造业

中式咸鱼

埃及血吸虫(感染)

司莫司汀[1-(2-氯乙基)-3-(4-

甲基环己基)-1-亚硝基脲,甲基-

环已亚硝脲]

页岩油

石英或方石英形式的晶状硅尘

太阳辐射

煤烟(烟囱清洁工的职业暴

露))

硫芥子气

他莫昔芬

2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并对二恶英

三胺硫磷

钍-232及其衰变产物

二手烟草烟雾

吸烟

无烟烟草

邻-甲苯胺

曲奥舒凡

三氯乙烯

紫外发光日光浴设备

紫外线辐射(波长100-400 nm,

包括UVA、UVB和UVC)

氯乙烯

焊接烟尘

2012

2012

2012

In prep.

2012

2012

2012

2012

2016

2016

In prep.

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2012

2014

2012

In prep.

2012

In prep.

119

120

Wood dust

X- and Gamma-Radiation

木尘

X射线和伽马射线辐射

2012

2012

备注:In prep.表示相关研究结果尚未以电子版或印刷版形式公布。

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