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摸钟辨盗文言文大意

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2024年8月3日发(作者:濮阳光济)

摸钟辨盗文言文大意

《摸钟辨盗》是一篇文言文文章,摘自沈括的著作《梦溪笔谈》。主

旨:善于心理分析,有益于提高工作效率。

原文

陈述古密直,尝知建州浦城县。富民失物。捕得数人,莫知的为盗者。

述古乃绐曰: “某寺有一钟,至灵,能辨盗。”使人迎置后阁祠之。

引群囚立钟前,谕曰:“不 为盗者摸之无声,为盗者摸则有声。''

述古自率同职祷钟甚肃,祭讫以帷围 之,乃阴使人以墨涂钟。良久,

引囚逐一以手入帷摸之。出乃验其手,皆有墨,一囚独无墨,乃见真

盗—— 恐钟有声,不敢摸者。讯之即服。(摘自沈括《梦溪笔谈》)

注释

①选自《明史》。

②陈述古:陈襄,字述古,宋代侯官人,神宗时为侍御史,是王安石

变法的反对派人物。密 直:即“枢密院直学士”的省称。枢密院是

古代管理军事机密、边防等事务的官署。知:主 持,做知县。建州

浦城:唐置州县名,今属福建省。

③莫知的为盗者:不知道谁确实是盗贼。的,确实,真正的。

④绐:读dài代,骗。

⑤至灵:特别灵验。

⑥后阁:指官署后院的侧门。

⑦祠:供奉。

⑧谕:告诉,吩咐

⑨同职:同僚,同事。

⑩帷:帷幕

①①讯:拷问

译文

陈述古任建州浦城知县时,有一个富人遭到了盗窃,抓到一些人却不

知道哪个是真正的盗贼。于是陈述古骗他们说:“某庙里有一口钟,

能辨别谁是盗贼,特别灵验。”他派人把那口钟抬到官署后阁,祭祀

起来,把这一群囚犯带到钟前,自己对犯人说:“没有偷东西的人,

摸这口钟,它就不会响,偷了东西的人一旦摸它,钟就会发出声音。”

述古亲自率领他的同僚 ,在钟前很恭敬地祈祷。祭祀完毕后,用帐

子把钟围起来,暗地里让人用墨汁涂钟,过了很久,钟涂好以后,带

领被捕的犯人一个个让他们把手伸进帷帐里去摸钟,出来就检验他们

的手,发现都有墨汁,只有一人手上无墨。述古对这个人进行审讯,

于是他就承认自己是盗贼。原来这个人是害怕钟响,没有敢去摸。

告诉我们:陈述古巧妙的抓住了犯罪嫌疑人害怕被识破的心虚心理,

切中要害,虽然没有经过繁琐的调查取证,却不战而屈人之兵,直接

找出了真正的盗贼。由此我们可以看出,在漫漫的历史长河中,那些

聪明睿智的古代官吏们确实有他们独到的审案方法,能够巧用犯罪心

理学,审不厌诈,至今看来都有着绝妙的艺术性和欣赏性。

2024年8月3日发(作者:濮阳光济)

摸钟辨盗文言文大意

《摸钟辨盗》是一篇文言文文章,摘自沈括的著作《梦溪笔谈》。主

旨:善于心理分析,有益于提高工作效率。

原文

陈述古密直,尝知建州浦城县。富民失物。捕得数人,莫知的为盗者。

述古乃绐曰: “某寺有一钟,至灵,能辨盗。”使人迎置后阁祠之。

引群囚立钟前,谕曰:“不 为盗者摸之无声,为盗者摸则有声。''

述古自率同职祷钟甚肃,祭讫以帷围 之,乃阴使人以墨涂钟。良久,

引囚逐一以手入帷摸之。出乃验其手,皆有墨,一囚独无墨,乃见真

盗—— 恐钟有声,不敢摸者。讯之即服。(摘自沈括《梦溪笔谈》)

注释

①选自《明史》。

②陈述古:陈襄,字述古,宋代侯官人,神宗时为侍御史,是王安石

变法的反对派人物。密 直:即“枢密院直学士”的省称。枢密院是

古代管理军事机密、边防等事务的官署。知:主 持,做知县。建州

浦城:唐置州县名,今属福建省。

③莫知的为盗者:不知道谁确实是盗贼。的,确实,真正的。

④绐:读dài代,骗。

⑤至灵:特别灵验。

⑥后阁:指官署后院的侧门。

⑦祠:供奉。

⑧谕:告诉,吩咐

⑨同职:同僚,同事。

⑩帷:帷幕

①①讯:拷问

译文

陈述古任建州浦城知县时,有一个富人遭到了盗窃,抓到一些人却不

知道哪个是真正的盗贼。于是陈述古骗他们说:“某庙里有一口钟,

能辨别谁是盗贼,特别灵验。”他派人把那口钟抬到官署后阁,祭祀

起来,把这一群囚犯带到钟前,自己对犯人说:“没有偷东西的人,

摸这口钟,它就不会响,偷了东西的人一旦摸它,钟就会发出声音。”

述古亲自率领他的同僚 ,在钟前很恭敬地祈祷。祭祀完毕后,用帐

子把钟围起来,暗地里让人用墨汁涂钟,过了很久,钟涂好以后,带

领被捕的犯人一个个让他们把手伸进帷帐里去摸钟,出来就检验他们

的手,发现都有墨汁,只有一人手上无墨。述古对这个人进行审讯,

于是他就承认自己是盗贼。原来这个人是害怕钟响,没有敢去摸。

告诉我们:陈述古巧妙的抓住了犯罪嫌疑人害怕被识破的心虚心理,

切中要害,虽然没有经过繁琐的调查取证,却不战而屈人之兵,直接

找出了真正的盗贼。由此我们可以看出,在漫漫的历史长河中,那些

聪明睿智的古代官吏们确实有他们独到的审案方法,能够巧用犯罪心

理学,审不厌诈,至今看来都有着绝妙的艺术性和欣赏性。

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