2024年8月4日发(作者：卷锐智)
RN-41-DS
RN-41/RN-41-N Class 1 Bluetooth Module
Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Fully qualified Bluetooth
®
version 2.1 module,
supports version 2.1 + Enhanced Data Rate (EDR)
Backwards-compatible with Bluetooth version 2.0,
1.2, and 1.1
Postage stamp sized form factor, 13.4 mm x
25.8 mm x 2 mm
Low power (30 mA connected, < 10 mA sniff mode)
UART (SPP or HCI) and USB (HCI only) data
connection interfaces
Sustained SPP data rates: 240 Kbps (slave), 300
Kbps (master)
HCI data rates: 1.5 Mbps sustained, 3.0 Mbps
burst in HCI mode
Embedded Bluetooth stack profiles included
(requires no host stack): GAP, SDP, RFCOMM, and
L2CAP protocols, with SPP and DUN profile
support
Bluetooth SIG qualified, end product listing
Castellated SMT pads for easy and reliable PCB
mounting
Class 1 high power amplifier with on board ceramic
RF chip antenna (RN-41) or without antenna
(RN-41-N)
Certifications: FCC, ICS, CE
Environmentally friendly, RoHS compliant
Applications
•
•
•
•
•
•
Cable replacement
Barcode scanners
Measurement and monitoring systems
Industrial sensors and controls
Medical devices
Asset tracking
•
•
•
Description
The RN-41 module is a small form factor, low power,
class 1 Bluetooth radio that is ideal for designers who
want to add wireless capability to their products without
spending significant time and money developing
Bluetooth-specific hardware and software. The RN-41
supports multiple interface protocols, is simple to design
in, and is fully certified, making it a complete embedded
Bluetooth solution. With its high-performance, on-chip
antenna and support for Bluetooth EDR, the RN-41
delivers up to a 3-Mbps data rate for distances up to
100 meters. The RN-41 is also available without an
antenna (RN-41-N).
•
•
Figure 1. RN-41 Block Diagram
RN-41
Crystal
VCC
GND
GPIO4
GPIO5
GPIO6
USB
UART
PCM
RF
Switch
PA
BALUN
CSR BlueCore-04
External
Flash Memory
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 1
RN-41-DS
OVERVIEW
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Baud rate speeds: 1,200 bps up to 921 Kbps, non-standard baud rates can be programmed
Class 1 radio, 330’ (100 m) range, 15 dBm output transmitter, -80 dBm typical receive sensitivity
Frequency 2,402 ~ 2,480 MHz
FHSS/GFSK modulation, 79 channels at 1-MHz intervals
Secure communication, 128-bit encryption
Error correction for guaranteed packet delivery
Configuration via the local UART and over-the-air RF
Auto-discovery/pairing does not require software configuration (supports instant cable replacement)
Auto-connect master, I/O pin (DTR), and character-based trigger modes
The module’s moisture sensitivity level (MSL) is 1. Table 1 shows the module’s size and weight.
Table 1. Module Size & Weight
Parameter
Size
Weight 0.055
RN-41
13.4 x 25.8 x 2
RN-41-N
13.4 x 19 x 2
0.020
Units
mm
Oz.
Tables 2 through 5 provide detailed specifications for the module.
Table 2. Environmental Conditions
Parameter
Temperature Range (Operating)
Temperature Range (Storage)
Relative Humidity (Operating)
Relative Humidity (Storage)
Value
-40C ~ 85 C
-40 C ~ 85 C
≤ 90%
≤ 90%
oo
o o
Table 3. Electrical Characteristics
Parameter
Supply Voltage (DC)
RX Supply Current
TX Supply Current
Average Power Consumption
Standby/Idle (Default Settings)
Connected (Normal Mode)
Connected (Low-Power Sniff)
Standby/Idle (Deep Sleep Enabled)
250
25
30
8
2.5
mA
mA
mA
mA
Min.
3.0
Typ.
3.3
35
65
Max.
3.6
60
100
Units
V
mA
mA
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 2
RN-41-DS
Table 4. Radio Characteristics
Parameter
Sensitivity at 0.1% BER
Frequency
(GHz)
2.402
2.441
2.480
RF Transmit Power 2.402
2.441
2.480
Initial Carrier Frequency Tolerance 2.402
2.441
2.480
20-dB Bandwidth for Modulated Carrier
Drift (Five Slots Packet)
Drift Rate
∆f1
avg
Maximum Modulation
2.402
2.441
2.480
∆f2
avg
Minimum Modulation 2.402
2.441
2.480
Min.
-
-
-
15.0
15.0
15.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
140
140
140
140
140
140
Typ.
-80
-80
-80
16.0
16.0
16.0
5
5
5
900
15
13
165
165
165
190
190
190
Max.
-86
-86
-86
75
75
75
1000
-
-
175
175
175
-
-
-
115
≤ 1000
40
20
> 140
75
≤ 20
Bluetooth
Specification
≤ -70
Units
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm
kHz
kHz
kHz
kHz
kHz
kHz
kHz
kHz
kHz
kHz
kHz
kHz
Table 5. Digital I/O Characteristics
3.0 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.3 V
Input Logic Level Low
Input Logic Level High
Output Logic Level Low
Output Logic Level High
All I/O pins (Except reset) Default to Weak Pull Down
Min.
-0.4
0.7 VDD
-
VDD - 0.2
+0.2
Typ.
-
-
-
-
+1.0
Max.
+0.8
VDD + 0.4
0.2
-
+5.0
Units
V
V
V
V
uA
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 3
RN-41-DS
Figure 2 shows the pinout and Table 6 describes the pins.
Figure 2. RN-41/RN-41-N Pinout
GND
SPI_MOSI
GPIO6
GPIO7
RESET
SPI_CLOCK
PCM_CLK
PCM_SYNC
PCM_IN
PCM_OUT
VDD
GND
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
24
SPI_MISO
SPI_CSB
GPIO4
GPIO5
GPIO3
GPIO2
USB_D-
USB_D+
UART_CTS
UART_RTS
UART_TX
UART_RX
GND
SPI_MOSI
GPIO6
GPIO7
RESET
SPI_CLOCK
PCM_CLK
PCM_SYNC
PCM_IN
PCM_OUT
VDD
GND
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
24
SPI_MISO
SPI_CSB
GPIO4
GPIO5
GPIO3
GPIO2
USB_D-
USB_D+
UART_CTS
UART_RTS
UART_TX
UART_RX
RN-41
Top View
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
RN-41-N
Top View
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
3529343332312830
A
I
O
1
G
P
I
O
1
1
G
P
I
O
1
0
G
P
I
O
9
G
P
I
O
8
A
I
O
0
G
N
D
G
N
D
3529343332312830
A
I
O
1
G
P
I
O
1
1
G
P
I
O
1
0
G
P
I
O
9
G
P
I
O
8
A
I
O
0
G
N
D
G
N
D
Table 6. Pin Description
Pin Name Description Default
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
GND
SPI_MOSI
GPIO6
GPIO7
RESET
SPI_CLK
PCM_CLK
PCM_SYNC
PCM_IN
PCM_OUT
VDD
GND
UART_RX
UART_TX
UART_RTS
UART_CTS
Ground
Programming only
Set Bluetooth master (high = auto-master mode)
Set baud rate (high = force 9,600, low = 115 K
or firmware setting)
Active-low reset
Programming only
PCM interface
PCM interface
PCM interface
PCM interface
3.3-V regulated power input
Ground
UART receive input
UART transmit output
UART RTS, goes high to disable host transmitter
UART CTS, if set high, it disables transmitter
–
No connect
Input to RN-41with weak pulldown
Input to RN-41 with weak pulldown
Input to RN-41 with 1K pullup
No Connect
No Connect
No Connect
No Connect
No Connect
–
–
Input to RN-41
High level output from RN-41
Low level output from RN-41
Low level input to RN-41
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 4
RN-41-DS
Pin Name Description Default
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25 - 27
28 - 29
30
31
32
33
34
35
USB_D+
USB_D-
GPIO2
GPIO3
GPIO5
GPIO4
SPI_CSB
SPI_MISO
NC
GND
AIO0
GPIO8
GPIO9
GPIO10
GPIO11
AIO1
USB port
USB port
Status, high when connected, low otherwise
Auto discovery = high
Status, toggles based on state, low on connect
Set factory defaults
Programming only
Programming only
RF pad, keep all traces and planes clear
Ground
Optional analog input
Status (RF data RX/TX)
I/O
I/O (remote DTR signal)
I/O (remote RTS signal)
Optional analog input
1.5 K pullup activated when USB
port is ready (~500 ms after reset)
–
Output from RN-41
Input to RN-41 with weak pulldown
Output from RN-41
Input to RN-41 with weak pulldown
No connect
No connect
–
–
Not used
Output from RN-41
Input to RN-41 with weak pulldown
Input to RN-41 with weak pulldown
Input to RN-41 with weak pulldown
Not Used
Figure 3 shows the module’s physical dimensions.
Figure 3. RN-41/RN-41-N Physical Dimensions
RN-41RN-41-N
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 5
RN-41-DS
TYPICAL APPLICATION SCHEMATIC
Figure 4 shows a typical application schematic.
Figure 4. Application Schematic
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 6
RN-41-DS
DESIGN CONCERNS
The following sections provide information on designing with the RN-41 module, including radio interference, factory reset,
solder reflow profile, connection status, etc.
Reset Circuit
The RN-41 contains a 1k pullup to VCC, and the reset polarity is active low. The module’s reset pin has an optional power-
on-reset circuit with a delay, which should only be required if the input power supply has a very slow ramp or tends to
bounce or have instability on power up. Often a microcontroller or embedded CPU I/O is available to generate the reset
once power is stable. If not, designers can use one of the many low-cost power supervisor chips currently available, such
as the MCP809, MCP102/121, and Torex XC61F.
Factory Reset Using GPIO4
Roving Networks recommends that designers connect the GPIO4 pin to a switch, jumper, or resistor so it can be accessed.
This pin can be used to reset the module to its factory default settings, which is critical in situations where the module has
been misconfigured. To reset the module to the factory defaults, GPIO4 should be high on power-up and then toggle low,
high, low, high with a 1 second wait between the transitions.
Connection Status
GPIO5 is available to drive an LED, and it blinks at various speeds to indicate status (see Table 7). GPIO2 is an output that
directly reflects the connection state as shown in Table 8.
Table 7. GPIO5 Status
GPIO5 Status
Toggle at 1 Hz
Toggle at 10 Hz
Low
Description
The module is discoverable and waiting for a connection.
The module is in command mode.
The module is connected to another device over Bluetooth.
Table 8. GPIO2 Status
GPIO2 Status
High
Low
Description
The module is connected to another device over Bluetooth.
The module is not connected over Bluetooth.
HCI Mode
Roving Networks offers the Host Controller Interface (HCI) mode in addition to the standard operational mode of its
Bluetooth modules (standard mode refers to the on-board stack running on the module).
In HCI mode, the on-board stack is bypassed and the module is put in a state that runs the Bluetooth baseband. The HCI
provides a command reference interface to the baseband controller and the link manager, and provides access to the
hardware status and control registers. This interface provides a uniform method for accessing the Bluetooth baseband
capabilities.
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 7
RN-41-DS
In this mode, the Bluetooth stack is no longer on-board the module. It is offloaded to the interfacing host processor. The
Bluetooth module is used as a radio, performing the lower level MAC functionalities, while the application stack runs on the
host processor.
Using the module in HCI mode allows designers to implement profiles that are not natively supported on the Bluetooth
module.
NOTE: HCI mode requires a separate firmware build that must be loaded into the module’s flash at the factory. Is not
upgradeable in the field.
Roving Networks offers HCI mode in two hardware interfaces:
•
•
HCI over UART
HCI over USB
HCI over UART
In this mode, the hardware interface between the host processor and the Bluetooth module is the UART. You must
interface the flow control signals between the host processor and the Bluetooth module for the HCI interface to work.
Failure to do so can cause the host processor and the Bluetooth module to become out of sync and break the Bluetooth
link.
HCI over USB
In this mode, the hardware interface between the host processor and the Bluetooth module is the USB. In this
architecture, the Bluetooth module is the USB slave and the host processor is the USB host.
Using the USB interface offers the advantage of a faster data link between the Bluetooth module and the host processor.
With this architecture, it is possible to achieve Bluetooth’s theoretical maximum throughput of 3 Mpbs.
Using the SPI Bus to Upgrade the Flash Memory
While not required, this bus is very useful for configuring the Bluetooth modules’ advanced parameters. The bus is
required when upgrading the module’s firmware. The typical application schematic shown in Figure 4 shows a 6-pin
header that can be implemented to gain access to this bus. A minimum-mode version might simply use the SPI signals (4
pins) and obtain ground and VCC from elsewhere in the design.
Minimizing Radio Interference
When laying out the carrier board for the RN-41 module, the areas under the antenna and shielding connections should
not have surface traces, ground planes, or exposed vias (see Figure 5). For optimal radio performance, the RN-41
module’s antenna end should protrude at least 5 mm beyond any metal enclosure.
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 8
RN-41-DS
Figure 5. Minimizing Radio Interference
1.5 mm
13.4 mm
1.5 mm
Do not located any surface
parts, surface traces, internal
traces, or ground planes under
the antenna area.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Do not locate vias
or surface traces
under shield
connectors
(1.5 mm square).
7.0 mm
1.5 mm
35
29333130
343228
24
23
22
21
10
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
25.6 mm
1.5 mm
Top View
Because the RN-41-N does not contain an antenna, it does not carry regulatory approvals.
If designers use Roving Networks recommended design, they can file for a permissible antenna change and use Roving
Networks’ regulatory approvals. Roving Networks recommends the Yageo chip antenna for the RN-41-N module. For
detailed information on this antenna, refer to the Yageo chip antenna data sheet on the Support page of the Roving
Networks website at /Support_Overview.
If designers choose to use another antenna, they must go through the regulatory approval process.
Solder Reflow Profile
The lead-free solder reflow temperature and times are:
•
•
•
Temperature—230° C, 30 - 40 seconds, peak 250° C maximum
Preheat temperature—165° ± 15° C, 90 to 120 seconds
Time—Single pass, one time
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 9
RN-41-DS
COMPLIANCE INFORMATION
Table 9 describes the module’s compliance information.
Table 9. Compliance Information (RN-41 Only)
Category
Radio
Country
USA
FCC ID:
Europe
Canada
IC Canada ID:
EMC USA
Europe
Bluetooth
Environmental
LISTED
RoHS
T9J-R41-1
EN 300 328-1
EN 300 328-2 2.4GHz
IC RSS-210 low power comm. device
6514A-RN411
FCC CFR47 Part 15 subclass B
EN 55022 Class B radiated
EN61000-4-2 ESD immunity
EN61000-4-3 radiated field
EN61000-4-6 RF immunity
EN61000-4-8 power magnetic immunity
B013180
RoHS compliant
Standard
FCC CFR47 Part 15 C, para 15.247
ORDERING INFORMATION
Table 10 provides ordering information.
Table 10. Ordering Information
Part Number
RN-41
RN-41-HCI
RN-41-USB
RN-41-HID
RN-41-N
RN-41-N-HCI
RN-41-N-USB
RN-41-N-HID
Description
Standard Application firmware (SPP/DUN Master and Slave).
HCI firmware (HCI over H4 UART).
USB firmware (HCI over USB port, slave device at 12-Mbps rate).
HID firmware supporting HID device and SPP profiles.
Standard application firmware (SPP and DUN) without antenna.
HCI firmware (HCI over H4 UART) without antenna.
USB firmware (HCI over USB port, slave device at 12-Mbps rate) without antenna.
HID firmware supporting HID device and SPP profiles without antenna.
For other configurations, contact Roving Networks directly.
Go to for current pricing and a list of distributors carrying Roving Networks products.
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 10
RN-41-DS
REVISION HISTORY
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012
•
Updated the GPIO5 status table to correctly show that when GPIO5 is low, it indicates that the module is
connected to another device over Bluetooth.
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 11
RN-41-DS
Copyright © 2012 Roving Networks. All rights reserved. Roving Networks is a
registered trademark of Roving Networks. Apple Inc., iPhone, iPad, iTunes, Made
for iPhone are registered trademarks of Apple Computer.
Roving Networks reserves the right to make corrections, modifications, and other
changes to its products, documentation and services at any time. Customers
should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify
that such information is current and complete.
Roving Networks assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer’s
product design. Customers are responsible for their products and applications
which use Roving Networks components. To minimize customer product risks,
customers should provide adequate design and operating safeguards.
Roving Networks products are not authorized for use in safety-critical applications
(such as life support) where a failure of the Roving Networks product would
reasonably be expected to cause severe personal injury or death, unless officers of
the parties have executed an agreement specifically governing such use.
Roving Networks, Inc.
102 Cooper Court
Los Gatos, CA 95032
+1 (408) 395-5300
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 12
2024年8月4日发(作者：卷锐智)
RN-41-DS
RN-41/RN-41-N Class 1 Bluetooth Module
Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Fully qualified Bluetooth
®
version 2.1 module,
supports version 2.1 + Enhanced Data Rate (EDR)
Backwards-compatible with Bluetooth version 2.0,
1.2, and 1.1
Postage stamp sized form factor, 13.4 mm x
25.8 mm x 2 mm
Low power (30 mA connected, < 10 mA sniff mode)
UART (SPP or HCI) and USB (HCI only) data
connection interfaces
Sustained SPP data rates: 240 Kbps (slave), 300
Kbps (master)
HCI data rates: 1.5 Mbps sustained, 3.0 Mbps
burst in HCI mode
Embedded Bluetooth stack profiles included
(requires no host stack): GAP, SDP, RFCOMM, and
L2CAP protocols, with SPP and DUN profile
support
Bluetooth SIG qualified, end product listing
Castellated SMT pads for easy and reliable PCB
mounting
Class 1 high power amplifier with on board ceramic
RF chip antenna (RN-41) or without antenna
(RN-41-N)
Certifications: FCC, ICS, CE
Environmentally friendly, RoHS compliant
Applications
•
•
•
•
•
•
Cable replacement
Barcode scanners
Measurement and monitoring systems
Industrial sensors and controls
Medical devices
Asset tracking
•
•
•
Description
The RN-41 module is a small form factor, low power,
class 1 Bluetooth radio that is ideal for designers who
want to add wireless capability to their products without
spending significant time and money developing
Bluetooth-specific hardware and software. The RN-41
supports multiple interface protocols, is simple to design
in, and is fully certified, making it a complete embedded
Bluetooth solution. With its high-performance, on-chip
antenna and support for Bluetooth EDR, the RN-41
delivers up to a 3-Mbps data rate for distances up to
100 meters. The RN-41 is also available without an
antenna (RN-41-N).
•
•
Figure 1. RN-41 Block Diagram
RN-41
Crystal
VCC
GND
GPIO4
GPIO5
GPIO6
USB
UART
PCM
RF
Switch
PA
BALUN
CSR BlueCore-04
External
Flash Memory
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 1
RN-41-DS
OVERVIEW
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Baud rate speeds: 1,200 bps up to 921 Kbps, non-standard baud rates can be programmed
Class 1 radio, 330’ (100 m) range, 15 dBm output transmitter, -80 dBm typical receive sensitivity
Frequency 2,402 ~ 2,480 MHz
FHSS/GFSK modulation, 79 channels at 1-MHz intervals
Secure communication, 128-bit encryption
Error correction for guaranteed packet delivery
Configuration via the local UART and over-the-air RF
Auto-discovery/pairing does not require software configuration (supports instant cable replacement)
Auto-connect master, I/O pin (DTR), and character-based trigger modes
The module’s moisture sensitivity level (MSL) is 1. Table 1 shows the module’s size and weight.
Table 1. Module Size & Weight
Parameter
Size
Weight 0.055
RN-41
13.4 x 25.8 x 2
RN-41-N
13.4 x 19 x 2
0.020
Units
mm
Oz.
Tables 2 through 5 provide detailed specifications for the module.
Table 2. Environmental Conditions
Parameter
Temperature Range (Operating)
Temperature Range (Storage)
Relative Humidity (Operating)
Relative Humidity (Storage)
Value
-40C ~ 85 C
-40 C ~ 85 C
≤ 90%
≤ 90%
oo
o o
Table 3. Electrical Characteristics
Parameter
Supply Voltage (DC)
RX Supply Current
TX Supply Current
Average Power Consumption
Standby/Idle (Default Settings)
Connected (Normal Mode)
Connected (Low-Power Sniff)
Standby/Idle (Deep Sleep Enabled)
250
25
30
8
2.5
mA
mA
mA
mA
Min.
3.0
Typ.
3.3
35
65
Max.
3.6
60
100
Units
V
mA
mA
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 2
RN-41-DS
Table 4. Radio Characteristics
Parameter
Sensitivity at 0.1% BER
Frequency
(GHz)
2.402
2.441
2.480
RF Transmit Power 2.402
2.441
2.480
Initial Carrier Frequency Tolerance 2.402
2.441
2.480
20-dB Bandwidth for Modulated Carrier
Drift (Five Slots Packet)
Drift Rate
∆f1
avg
Maximum Modulation
2.402
2.441
2.480
∆f2
avg
Minimum Modulation 2.402
2.441
2.480
Min.
-
-
-
15.0
15.0
15.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
140
140
140
140
140
140
Typ.
-80
-80
-80
16.0
16.0
16.0
5
5
5
900
15
13
165
165
165
190
190
190
Max.
-86
-86
-86
75
75
75
1000
-
-
175
175
175
-
-
-
115
≤ 1000
40
20
> 140
75
≤ 20
Bluetooth
Specification
≤ -70
Units
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm
kHz
kHz
kHz
kHz
kHz
kHz
kHz
kHz
kHz
kHz
kHz
kHz
Table 5. Digital I/O Characteristics
3.0 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.3 V
Input Logic Level Low
Input Logic Level High
Output Logic Level Low
Output Logic Level High
All I/O pins (Except reset) Default to Weak Pull Down
Min.
-0.4
0.7 VDD
-
VDD - 0.2
+0.2
Typ.
-
-
-
-
+1.0
Max.
+0.8
VDD + 0.4
0.2
-
+5.0
Units
V
V
V
V
uA
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 3
RN-41-DS
Figure 2 shows the pinout and Table 6 describes the pins.
Figure 2. RN-41/RN-41-N Pinout
GND
SPI_MOSI
GPIO6
GPIO7
RESET
SPI_CLOCK
PCM_CLK
PCM_SYNC
PCM_IN
PCM_OUT
VDD
GND
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
24
SPI_MISO
SPI_CSB
GPIO4
GPIO5
GPIO3
GPIO2
USB_D-
USB_D+
UART_CTS
UART_RTS
UART_TX
UART_RX
GND
SPI_MOSI
GPIO6
GPIO7
RESET
SPI_CLOCK
PCM_CLK
PCM_SYNC
PCM_IN
PCM_OUT
VDD
GND
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
24
SPI_MISO
SPI_CSB
GPIO4
GPIO5
GPIO3
GPIO2
USB_D-
USB_D+
UART_CTS
UART_RTS
UART_TX
UART_RX
RN-41
Top View
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
RN-41-N
Top View
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
3529343332312830
A
I
O
1
G
P
I
O
1
1
G
P
I
O
1
0
G
P
I
O
9
G
P
I
O
8
A
I
O
0
G
N
D
G
N
D
3529343332312830
A
I
O
1
G
P
I
O
1
1
G
P
I
O
1
0
G
P
I
O
9
G
P
I
O
8
A
I
O
0
G
N
D
G
N
D
Table 6. Pin Description
Pin Name Description Default
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
GND
SPI_MOSI
GPIO6
GPIO7
RESET
SPI_CLK
PCM_CLK
PCM_SYNC
PCM_IN
PCM_OUT
VDD
GND
UART_RX
UART_TX
UART_RTS
UART_CTS
Ground
Programming only
Set Bluetooth master (high = auto-master mode)
Set baud rate (high = force 9,600, low = 115 K
or firmware setting)
Active-low reset
Programming only
PCM interface
PCM interface
PCM interface
PCM interface
3.3-V regulated power input
Ground
UART receive input
UART transmit output
UART RTS, goes high to disable host transmitter
UART CTS, if set high, it disables transmitter
–
No connect
Input to RN-41with weak pulldown
Input to RN-41 with weak pulldown
Input to RN-41 with 1K pullup
No Connect
No Connect
No Connect
No Connect
No Connect
–
–
Input to RN-41
High level output from RN-41
Low level output from RN-41
Low level input to RN-41
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 4
RN-41-DS
Pin Name Description Default
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25 - 27
28 - 29
30
31
32
33
34
35
USB_D+
USB_D-
GPIO2
GPIO3
GPIO5
GPIO4
SPI_CSB
SPI_MISO
NC
GND
AIO0
GPIO8
GPIO9
GPIO10
GPIO11
AIO1
USB port
USB port
Status, high when connected, low otherwise
Auto discovery = high
Status, toggles based on state, low on connect
Set factory defaults
Programming only
Programming only
RF pad, keep all traces and planes clear
Ground
Optional analog input
Status (RF data RX/TX)
I/O
I/O (remote DTR signal)
I/O (remote RTS signal)
Optional analog input
1.5 K pullup activated when USB
port is ready (~500 ms after reset)
–
Output from RN-41
Input to RN-41 with weak pulldown
Output from RN-41
Input to RN-41 with weak pulldown
No connect
No connect
–
–
Not used
Output from RN-41
Input to RN-41 with weak pulldown
Input to RN-41 with weak pulldown
Input to RN-41 with weak pulldown
Not Used
Figure 3 shows the module’s physical dimensions.
Figure 3. RN-41/RN-41-N Physical Dimensions
RN-41RN-41-N
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 5
RN-41-DS
TYPICAL APPLICATION SCHEMATIC
Figure 4 shows a typical application schematic.
Figure 4. Application Schematic
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 6
RN-41-DS
DESIGN CONCERNS
The following sections provide information on designing with the RN-41 module, including radio interference, factory reset,
solder reflow profile, connection status, etc.
Reset Circuit
The RN-41 contains a 1k pullup to VCC, and the reset polarity is active low. The module’s reset pin has an optional power-
on-reset circuit with a delay, which should only be required if the input power supply has a very slow ramp or tends to
bounce or have instability on power up. Often a microcontroller or embedded CPU I/O is available to generate the reset
once power is stable. If not, designers can use one of the many low-cost power supervisor chips currently available, such
as the MCP809, MCP102/121, and Torex XC61F.
Factory Reset Using GPIO4
Roving Networks recommends that designers connect the GPIO4 pin to a switch, jumper, or resistor so it can be accessed.
This pin can be used to reset the module to its factory default settings, which is critical in situations where the module has
been misconfigured. To reset the module to the factory defaults, GPIO4 should be high on power-up and then toggle low,
high, low, high with a 1 second wait between the transitions.
Connection Status
GPIO5 is available to drive an LED, and it blinks at various speeds to indicate status (see Table 7). GPIO2 is an output that
directly reflects the connection state as shown in Table 8.
Table 7. GPIO5 Status
GPIO5 Status
Toggle at 1 Hz
Toggle at 10 Hz
Low
Description
The module is discoverable and waiting for a connection.
The module is in command mode.
The module is connected to another device over Bluetooth.
Table 8. GPIO2 Status
GPIO2 Status
High
Low
Description
The module is connected to another device over Bluetooth.
The module is not connected over Bluetooth.
HCI Mode
Roving Networks offers the Host Controller Interface (HCI) mode in addition to the standard operational mode of its
Bluetooth modules (standard mode refers to the on-board stack running on the module).
In HCI mode, the on-board stack is bypassed and the module is put in a state that runs the Bluetooth baseband. The HCI
provides a command reference interface to the baseband controller and the link manager, and provides access to the
hardware status and control registers. This interface provides a uniform method for accessing the Bluetooth baseband
capabilities.
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 7
RN-41-DS
In this mode, the Bluetooth stack is no longer on-board the module. It is offloaded to the interfacing host processor. The
Bluetooth module is used as a radio, performing the lower level MAC functionalities, while the application stack runs on the
host processor.
Using the module in HCI mode allows designers to implement profiles that are not natively supported on the Bluetooth
module.
NOTE: HCI mode requires a separate firmware build that must be loaded into the module’s flash at the factory. Is not
upgradeable in the field.
Roving Networks offers HCI mode in two hardware interfaces:
•
•
HCI over UART
HCI over USB
HCI over UART
In this mode, the hardware interface between the host processor and the Bluetooth module is the UART. You must
interface the flow control signals between the host processor and the Bluetooth module for the HCI interface to work.
Failure to do so can cause the host processor and the Bluetooth module to become out of sync and break the Bluetooth
link.
HCI over USB
In this mode, the hardware interface between the host processor and the Bluetooth module is the USB. In this
architecture, the Bluetooth module is the USB slave and the host processor is the USB host.
Using the USB interface offers the advantage of a faster data link between the Bluetooth module and the host processor.
With this architecture, it is possible to achieve Bluetooth’s theoretical maximum throughput of 3 Mpbs.
Using the SPI Bus to Upgrade the Flash Memory
While not required, this bus is very useful for configuring the Bluetooth modules’ advanced parameters. The bus is
required when upgrading the module’s firmware. The typical application schematic shown in Figure 4 shows a 6-pin
header that can be implemented to gain access to this bus. A minimum-mode version might simply use the SPI signals (4
pins) and obtain ground and VCC from elsewhere in the design.
Minimizing Radio Interference
When laying out the carrier board for the RN-41 module, the areas under the antenna and shielding connections should
not have surface traces, ground planes, or exposed vias (see Figure 5). For optimal radio performance, the RN-41
module’s antenna end should protrude at least 5 mm beyond any metal enclosure.
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 8
RN-41-DS
Figure 5. Minimizing Radio Interference
1.5 mm
13.4 mm
1.5 mm
Do not located any surface
parts, surface traces, internal
traces, or ground planes under
the antenna area.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Do not locate vias
or surface traces
under shield
connectors
(1.5 mm square).
7.0 mm
1.5 mm
35
29333130
343228
24
23
22
21
10
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
25.6 mm
1.5 mm
Top View
Because the RN-41-N does not contain an antenna, it does not carry regulatory approvals.
If designers use Roving Networks recommended design, they can file for a permissible antenna change and use Roving
Networks’ regulatory approvals. Roving Networks recommends the Yageo chip antenna for the RN-41-N module. For
detailed information on this antenna, refer to the Yageo chip antenna data sheet on the Support page of the Roving
Networks website at /Support_Overview.
If designers choose to use another antenna, they must go through the regulatory approval process.
Solder Reflow Profile
The lead-free solder reflow temperature and times are:
•
•
•
Temperature—230° C, 30 - 40 seconds, peak 250° C maximum
Preheat temperature—165° ± 15° C, 90 to 120 seconds
Time—Single pass, one time
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 9
RN-41-DS
COMPLIANCE INFORMATION
Table 9 describes the module’s compliance information.
Table 9. Compliance Information (RN-41 Only)
Category
Radio
Country
USA
FCC ID:
Europe
Canada
IC Canada ID:
EMC USA
Europe
Bluetooth
Environmental
LISTED
RoHS
T9J-R41-1
EN 300 328-1
EN 300 328-2 2.4GHz
IC RSS-210 low power comm. device
6514A-RN411
FCC CFR47 Part 15 subclass B
EN 55022 Class B radiated
EN61000-4-2 ESD immunity
EN61000-4-3 radiated field
EN61000-4-6 RF immunity
EN61000-4-8 power magnetic immunity
B013180
RoHS compliant
Standard
FCC CFR47 Part 15 C, para 15.247
ORDERING INFORMATION
Table 10 provides ordering information.
Table 10. Ordering Information
Part Number
RN-41
RN-41-HCI
RN-41-USB
RN-41-HID
RN-41-N
RN-41-N-HCI
RN-41-N-USB
RN-41-N-HID
Description
Standard Application firmware (SPP/DUN Master and Slave).
HCI firmware (HCI over H4 UART).
USB firmware (HCI over USB port, slave device at 12-Mbps rate).
HID firmware supporting HID device and SPP profiles.
Standard application firmware (SPP and DUN) without antenna.
HCI firmware (HCI over H4 UART) without antenna.
USB firmware (HCI over USB port, slave device at 12-Mbps rate) without antenna.
HID firmware supporting HID device and SPP profiles without antenna.
For other configurations, contact Roving Networks directly.
Go to for current pricing and a list of distributors carrying Roving Networks products.
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 10
RN-41-DS
REVISION HISTORY
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012
•
Updated the GPIO5 status table to correctly show that when GPIO5 is low, it indicates that the module is
connected to another device over Bluetooth.
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 11
RN-41-DS
Copyright © 2012 Roving Networks. All rights reserved. Roving Networks is a
registered trademark of Roving Networks. Apple Inc., iPhone, iPad, iTunes, Made
for iPhone are registered trademarks of Apple Computer.
Roving Networks reserves the right to make corrections, modifications, and other
changes to its products, documentation and services at any time. Customers
should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify
that such information is current and complete.
Roving Networks assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer’s
product design. Customers are responsible for their products and applications
which use Roving Networks components. To minimize customer product risks,
customers should provide adequate design and operating safeguards.
Roving Networks products are not authorized for use in safety-critical applications
(such as life support) where a failure of the Roving Networks product would
reasonably be expected to cause severe personal injury or death, unless officers of
the parties have executed an agreement specifically governing such use.
Roving Networks, Inc.
102 Cooper Court
Los Gatos, CA 95032
+1 (408) 395-5300
Version 3.41r 10/15/2012 12