2024年3月30日发(作者：阮策)

K, k

/ keI; ke/ n (pl K's, k's / keIz; kez/) the eleventh letter of the English alphabet 英

语字母表的第十一个字母: `King' begins with (a) K/`K' king字以k字母开始.

K

/ keI; ke/ abbr 缩写 = 1 kelvin(s). 2 (infml 口) one thousand (Greek kilo-) 一

千（源自希腊文kilo-）: She earns 12K (ie 12000) a year. 她一年挣12000英镑.

phonetic (K.K. Vowels)

/ fE5netIk; fE`nZtIk/ The K.K. phonetic symbols （音标） used in this dictionary

contains the following vowels and diphthongs. Press the pronunciation button to

hear the sounds they represent. 1. i -- Example: see / si:; si/ 2. I -- Example:

sit / sIt; sIt/ 3. e -- Example: ten / ten; tZn/ 4. A -- Example: hat / hAt; hAt/ 5.

B -- Example: arm / B:m; Brm/ 6. C -- Example: watch / wCtF; wBtF/ 7. R --

Example: saw / sR:; sR/ 8. J -- Example: put / pUt; pJt/ 9. u -- Example: too /

tu:; tu/ 10. Q -- Example: cup / kQp; kQp/ 11. [ -- Example: fur / f:(r); f[/ 12.

E -- Example: ago / E5gEU; E`^o/ 13. e -- Example: page / peIdV; pedV/ 14. o

-- Example: home / hEUm; hom/ 15. aI -- Example: five / faIv; faIv/ 16. aJ --

Example: now / naU; naJ/ 17. RI -- Example: join / dVRIn; dVRIn/ 18. IE --

Example: near / nIE(r); nIE(r)/ 19. ZE -- Example: hair / heE(r); hZE(r)/ 20. JE --

Example: tour / tUE(r); tJE(r)/

phonetic (K.K. Consonants)

/ fE5netIk; fE`nZtIk/ The K.K. phonetic symbols （音标） used in this dictionary

contains the following consonants. Press the pronunciation button to hear the

sounds they represent. 1. p -- Example: pen / pen; pZn/ 2. b -- Example: bad

/ bAd; bAd/ 3. t -- Example: tea / ti:; ti/ 4. d -- Example: did / dId; dId/ 5. k

-- Example: cat / kAt; kAt/ 6. ^ -- Example: got / gCt; ^Bt/ 7. tF -- Example:

chin / tFIn; tFIn/ 8. dV -- Example: June / dVu:n; dVun/ 9. f -- Example: fall /

fR:l; fRl/ 10. v -- Example: voice / vRIs; vRIs/ 11. W -- Example: thin / WIn;

WIn/ 12. T -- Example: then / Ten; TZn/ 13. s -- Example: so / sEU; so/ 14. z

-- Example: zoo / zu:; zu/ 15. F -- Example: she / Fi:; Fi/ 16. V -- Example:

vision / 5vIVn; `vIVEn/ 17. h -- Example: how / haU; haJ/ 18. m -- Example:

man / mAn; mAn/ 19. n -- Example: no / nEU; no/ 20. N -- Example: sing /

sIN; sIN/ 21. l -- Example: leg / leg; lZ^/ 22. r -- Example: red / red; rZd/ 23.

j -- Example: yes / jes; jZs/ 24. w -- Example: wet / wet; wZt/

kaffir

/ 5kAfE(r); `kAfL/ n (S African offensive 南非, 讳, 蔑) black African person

非洲黑人.

kaftan

= caftan.

Kaiser

/ 5kaIzE(r); `kaIzL/ n title of the German and Austro-Hungarian emperors until

1918 皇帝(尤指1918年前的德国皇帝).

kale (also kail)

/ keIl; kel/ n [U] type of cabbage with curly leaves 羽衣甘蓝.

kaleidoscope

/ kE5laIdEskEUp; kE`laIdE9skop/ n (a) toy consisting of a tube containing small

loose pieces of coloured glass, etc and mirrors which reflect these to form

changing patterns when the tube is turned 万花筒. (b) (usu sing 通常作单数) (fig 比

喻) constantly and quickly changing pattern 千变万化; 瞬息万变: His paintings are a

kaleidoscope of gorgeous colours. 他的油画色彩斑斓, 变化万千. * The bazaar was a

kaleidoscope of strange sights and impressions. 集市的景象光怪陆离, 纷然杂陈.

kaleidoscopic

/ kE9laIdE5skCpIk; kE9laIdE`skBpIk/ adj.

kaleidoscopically

/ -klI; -klI/ adv.

kamikaze

/ 9kAmI5kB:zI; 9kBmI`kBzi/ n (in World War II) (pilot of a) Japanese aircraft

deliberately crashed on enemy ships, etc （第二次世界大战中日本的）神风飞机, 神风

飞机飞行员（与敌舰等同归於尽的自杀飞机或驾驶员）: [attrib 作定语] a kamikaze attack

神风飞机的攻击 * (fig 比喻) kamikaze (ie suicidal) tactics 同归於尽的战术.

kangaroo

/ 9kANgE5ru:; 9kAN^E`ru/ n (pl ~s) Australian animal that jumps along on its

strong hind legs, the female carrying its young in a pouch on the front of its body

袋鼠（产於澳洲）. =>illus 见插图.

kangaroo court

illegal court formed by a group of prisoners, striking workers, etc to settle

disputes among themselves 私设的公堂（囚犯、 罢工工人等为解决内部纠纷而设的）.

kaolin

/ 5keIElIn; `keElIn/ n [U] (also china `clay) fine white clay used in making

porcelain and in medicine 高岭土; 瓷土.

kapok

/ 5keIpCk; `kepBk/ n [U] substance like cotton wool, used for stuffing cushions,

soft toys, etc 木棉.

kaput

/ kE5pUt; kE`pJt/ adj [pred 作表语] (sl 俚) broken; ruined; not working properly

完蛋了; 失败了; 坏了: The car's kaput we'll have to walk. 汽车坏了--我们只好步行.

karat

(US) = carat 2.

karate

/ kE5rB:tI; kE`rBtI/ n [U] Japanese system of unarmed combat in which the

hands, feet, etc are used as weapons 空手道（日本式徒手武术）: [attrib 作定语]

akarate chop, ie a blow with the side of the hand 空手道的掌侧劈.

karma

/ 5kB:mE; `kBrmE/ n [U] (a) (in Buddhism and Hinduism) sum of a person's

actions in one of his successive lives, believed to decide his fate in the next （佛教

和印度教的）业（音译｀羯磨＇, 意为个人行为的总和可决定其来世的命运）. (b) (esp joc

尤作戏谑语) destiny; fate 命运; 宿缘: It's my karma always to fall in love with

brunettes. 我爱上的总是深褐色头发、 浅黑色皮肤的白种女子, 这是我的缘分.

kart

/ kB:t; kBrt/ n = go-kart.

kayak

/ 5kaIAk; `kaIAk/ n. =>illus at canoe 见canoe插图. (a) Eskimo canoe made of

light wood covered with sealskins 海豹皮船（爱斯基摩人制的单人小舟）. (b) small

covered canoe resembling this （类似海豹皮船的）小艇.

kazoo

/ kE5zu:; kE`zu/ n (pl ~s) toy musical instrument that gives a buzzing sound

when sb blows through it while humming 一种玩具笛.

KB

/ 9keI 5bi:; 9ke `bi/ abbr 缩写 = (Brit law 律) King's Bench. Cf 参看 QB.

KBE

/ 9keI bi: 5i:; 9ke bi `i/ abbr 缩写 = (Brit) Knight Commander (of the Order) of

the British Empire （第二等的）大英帝国最高勋爵; 英帝国爵级司令勋章: be made a KBE

受封（第二等的）大英帝国最高勋爵位 * Sir John Brown KBE 约翰·布朗（第二等的）大

英帝国最高勋爵士. Cf 参看 CBE, DBE, MBE.

KC

/ 9keI 5si:; 9ke `si/ abbr 缩写 = (Brit law 律) King's Counsel. Cf 参看 QC.

kebab

/ kI5bAb; kE`bAb/ n (often pl 常作复数) small pieces of meat and vegetables

cooked and (often) served on a skewer 烤肉串: lamb kebabs 烤羊肉串 * shish

kebab 烤肉串.

shish kebab

/ 9FIF kI5bAb; ?@ 5FIF kEbAb; `FIF kE9bBb/ = kebab.

kedgeree

/ 5kedVEri:, 9kedVE5ri:; `kZdVE9ri, 9kZdVE`ri/ n [U, C] cooked dish of rice and

fish, with hard-boiled eggs and sometimes onions, all mixed together 鱼蛋烩饭（有

时伴有洋葱）.

keel

/ ki:l; kil/ n 1 timber or steel structure along the bottom of a ship, on which

the framework is built up （船的）龙骨: lay down a keel, ie start building a ship 安

龙骨（动工造船）. 2 (idm 习语) on an even keel => even1.

keel

v (phr v) keel over 1 (of a ship) capsize （指船）倾覆, 翻倒. 2 (infml 口) fall

over; collapse 倒下; 倒塌: After a couple of drinks he just keeled over on the floor.

他喝了两杯酒後就跌倒在地了. * The structure had keeled over in the high winds. 那

座建筑物让大风给刮倒了.

keen

/ ki:n; kin/ adj (-er, -est) 1 ~ (to do ) eager; enthusiastic 热切的; 热情

的; 热心的: a keen swimmer 喜好游泳的人 * I'm not keen to go again. 我不太想再去

了. * She's keen that we should go. 她热情地叫我们去. 2 (of feelings, etc) intense;

strong; deep （指感情等）热烈的, 强烈的, 深刻的: a keen desire, interest, sense of

loss 强烈的愿望、 兴趣、 失落感. 3 (of the senses) highly developed （指感觉）灵

敏的, 敏锐的: Dogs have a keen sense of smell. 狗的嗅觉很灵敏. 4 (of the mind)

quick to understand （指头脑）敏捷的, 精明的: a keen wit, intelligence 敏捷的头脑、

很强的理解力. 5 [esp attrib 尤作定语] (of the points and cutting edges of knives,

etc) sharp （指刀等的尖和刃）锋利的, 快的: a keen blade, edge 锋利的刀片、 刀刃. 6

(of a wind) bitterly cold （指风）刺骨的, 凛冽的. 7 (Brit) (of prices) low; very

competitive （指价格）低廉的, 竞争力强的. 8 (idm 习语) (as) ,keen as `mustard

(infml 口) extremely eager or enthusiastic 极热心的; 极热情的. keen on sth/sb

(infml 口) (a) interested in sth 热衷於某事物: keen on (playing) tennis 很喜欢（打）

网球. (b) fond of sb/sth 喜爱某人[某事物]: He seemed mad keen on (ie very

interested in) my sister. 他发疯似的爱著我妹妹. * I'm not too keen on jazz. 我不太喜

欢爵士乐. (c) enthusiastic about sth 对某事物满腔热情的: She's not very keen on the

idea. 她对那主张不很感兴趣. * Mrs Hill is keen on Tom's marrying Susan. 希尔太太很

希望汤姆能和苏珊结婚.

keenly

adv.

keenness

n [U].

keen

/ ki:n; kin/ v [I] (usu in the continuous tenses 通常用於进行时态) lament a dead

person by wailing 为死者恸哭、 哀号: keening over her murdered son 恸哭她那被谋

害的儿子.

keen

n Irish funeral song accompanied by wailing 爱尔兰哀歌（边哭边唱）.

keep

/ ki:p; kip/ v (pt, pp kept / kept; kZpt/) 1 (a) [La, Ipr, Ip] continue to be in the

specified condition or position; remain or stay 继续处於某状态或地位; 留下; 保留:

She has the ability to keep calm in an emergency. 她有处变不惊的本事. * Please

keep quiet -- I'm trying to get some work done. 请安静--我要处理一些工作. * You

ought to keep indoors with that heavy cold. 你患重感冒应该留在屋里. * The notice

said `Keep off (ie Do not walk on) the grass'. 布告牌上写著｀勿踏草地＇. * Keep back!

The building could collapse at any moment. 别靠近! 那建筑物随时可能倒塌. (b) [Ip]

~ (on) doing sth continue doing sth; do sth repeatedly or frequently 继续做某事物;

重复做某事物: keep eating, laughing, smiling, walking 一直在吃、 笑、 微笑、 走 *

Keep (on) talking amongst yourselves, I'll be back in a minute. 你们继续谈, 我一会

儿就回来. * How can I trust you if you keep lying to me? 你要是一直欺骗我, 我怎麽能

相信你呢? * I do wish you wouldn't keep interrupting me! 希望你别老来打扰我! * My

shoe laces keep (on) coming undone. 我的鞋带总是松开. * Keep going (ie Do not

stop) until you reach a large roundabout. 继续走就走到一个宽阔的环状交叉路口了. *

This is exhausting work, but I manage to keep going somehow. 这个工作很费力气,

但是我尽量设法做下去. (c) [Ipr, Ip] continue to move in the specified direction 继续

朝某方向前进: Traffic in Britain keeps to the left, ie drives on the left-hand side of

the road. 在英国, 车辆靠左行驶. * Keep straight on until you get to the church. 一直

朝前走就走到教堂了. * The sign says `Keep Left', so I don't think we can turn right

here. 路标上写著｀靠左行＇, 我想不能从这儿向右拐. 2 [, Tn.p, Cn.a, Cn.g] cause

sb/sth to remain in the specified condition or position 使某人[某事物]保持某状态或

某地位: If your hands are cold, keep them in your pockets. 要是手冷, 就揣在口袋里. *

Extra work kept him (late) at the office. 他因有额外的工作, （很晚）仍留在办公室里. *

Don't keep us in suspense any longer -- what happens at the end of the story? 别

再让我们蒙在鼓里了, 结局究竟怎麽样? * keep sb amused, cheerful, happy, etc 使某人

一直高兴、 快乐、 幸福等 * These gloves will keep your hands warm. 这种手套保暖

好. * Give the baby her bottle; that'll keep her quiet for a while. 把瓶子给孩子, 那就

能让她安静一会儿. * He's in a coma and is being kept alive by a life-support

machine. 他处於昏迷状态, 靠生命维持器活著. * I'm sorry to keep you waiting. 对不

起, 让您久等了. * Add some more coal to keep the fire going. 再添些煤, 别让火灭了.

3 [Tn] detain or delay (sb) 留住或耽搁（某人）: You're an hour late; what kept you? 你

晚了一小时, 是什麽事给耽误了? Cf 参看 keep sb from sth/doing sth. 4 [Tn] (a)

continue to have (sth); retain 保有, 留下（某物）: You can keep that book I lent you;

I don't want it back. 我借给你的那本书你可以留下, 不用还我. * Here's a five-pound

note -- you can keep the change. 这是五镑的钞票--零钱不用找了. (b) [Tn, , Dn.n]

~ sth (for sb) look after sth (for sb); retain sth （为某人）照顾某事物; 保留某事物:

Could you keep my place in the queue (for me)(ie prevent anybody else from

taking it)? 我排在队里的位置可以给我留著吗? * Please keep me a place in the queue.

排队时请给我占个位置. (c) [Tn, ] have (sth) in a particular place; store 在某处存

放（某物）; 贮藏: Where do you keep the cutlery? 你的餐具在哪里? * We haven't

enough shelves to keep all our books on. 我们的书架不够用, 放不下这麽多书. *

Always keep your driving licence in a safe place. 驾驶执照一定要妥善保管. (d) [Tn]

retain (sth) for future use or reference 保留（某物）（以备日後之需）: These trousers

are so worn they're hardly worth keeping. 这条裤子磨损得很厉害, 不必再留著了. *

Let's not eat all the sandwiches now -- we can keep some for later. 咱们别把三明治

都吃光--可以留些过後再吃. * I keep all her letters. 我保留著她全部的信. 5 [Tn] own

and manage (a shop, restaurant, etc) 经营, 开设（商店、 饭馆等）: Her father kept a

grocer's shop for a number of years. 她父亲开了几年杂货店. * He plans to keep a

pub when he retires. 他打算退休後开酒馆. 6 [Tn] own and look after (animals) for

one's use or enjoyment （为自用或消遣）饲养（动物）: keep bees, goats, hens, etc 饲

养蜂、 羊、 鸡等. 7 [Tn] have (sth) regularly on sale or in stock 经销、 销售或储存

（某物）: `Do you sell Turkish cigarettes?' `I'm sorry, we don't keep them.' ｀你们卖

土耳其香烟吗?＇｀对不起, 我们不卖那种香烟.＇ 8 [Tn] not reveal (a secret) 保守（秘

密）: Can you keep a secret? ie If I tell you one, can I be sure that you will not tell it

to sb else? 我想告诉你一件事, 你能保密吗? 9 [I] (of food) remain in good condition

（指食物）保持不坏: Do finish off the fish pie; it won't keep. 鱼馅糕饼留不住, 都吃了

吧. * (fig 比喻) The news will keep, ie can be told later rather than immediately. 这

消息可容後宣布. 10[I] (used with an adv, or in questions after how 与副词连用或用

於疑问句中的how之後) be in the specified state of health 处於某种健康状况: `How

are you keeping?' `I'm keeping well, thanks.' ｀你身体好吗?＇｀很好, 谢谢.＇ 11 [Tn]

(a) make written entries in (sth) 在（某物）上作书面记载: She kept a diary for over

twenty years. 她写日记已二十多年. (b) write down (sth) as a record 记录（某事）:

keeping an account/a record of what one spends each week 记录每周的开支. 12

[Tn] provide what is necessary for (sb); support (sb) financially 供给（某人）必需品;

经济上支持（某人）: He scarcely earns enough to keep himself and his family. 他挣

的钱难以维持全家人的生活. 13 (a) [Tn] guard or protect (sth) 守卫或把守（某物）:

keep goal, ie in football 守球门（足球的）?w * keep wicket, ie in cricket 守三柱门

（板球的）. Cf 参看 goalkeeper (goal), wicket-keeper (wicket). (b) [Tn, ] ~ sb

(from sth) (fml 文) protect sb (from sth) 保护或保佑某人: May the Lord bless you

and keep you, ie used in prayers in the Christian Church 愿上帝祝福你、 保佑你（用

於基督教会的祈祷） * She prayed to God to keep her son from harm. 她祈祷上帝保

佑儿子平安. 14 [Tn] be faithful to (sth); respect or observe 忠於（某事物）; 尊重; 遵

守: keep an appointment, the law, a promise, a treaty 遵守约会、 法律、 诺言、 条

约. 15 (idm 习语) ,keep it `up maintain a high standard of achievement 保持优秀

成绩: Excellent work, Cripps keep it up! 克里普斯, 你干得真好--要保持下去! ,keep

up with the `Joneses/ 5dVEUnzIz; `dVonzIz/ (infml often derog 口, 常作贬义) try to

maintain the same social and material standards as one's neighbours 要在地位和物

质方面比得上周围的人. (For other idioms containing keep, see entries for ns, adjs,

etc 与keep搭配的其他习语见有关名词、 形容词等的词条, 如 keep house => house1;

keep the ball rolling => ball1.) 16 (phr v) keep (sb) at sth (cause sb to) continue to

work at sth （使某人）继续做某事: Come on, keep `at it, you've nearly finished! 加

油, 别松劲, 你眼看就完成了! * The teacher kept us at our `work all morning. 老师让

我们做了一上午的功课.

keep (sb/sth) away (from sb/sth)

(cause sb/sth) not to go near sb/sth （使某人[某事物]）不靠近某人[某事物]: Police

warned bystanders to keep away from the blazing building. 警察告诫围观者, 不要

靠近燃烧 的建筑物. * Her illness kept her away from (ie caused her to be absent

from) work for several weeks. 她因病数周未上班.

keep sth back

(a) prevent sth from moving; restrain sth 使某事物不能移动; 阻止某事物:

Millions of gallons of water are kept back by the dam. 这个堤坝拦住了滔滔的洪水. *

She was unable to keep back her tears. 她无法忍住泪水. (b) not pay sth to sb 不将

某物付给某人: A certain percentage of your salary is kept back by your employer as

an insurance payment. 雇主扣下你部分薪金作保险金用. keep sth `back (from sb)

refuse to tell sb sth; hold sth back 拒不将某事告诉某人; 隐瞒某事物: I'm sure she's

keeping something back (from us). 我肯定她（向我们）隐瞒 什麽. keep (sb) `back

(from sb/sth) (cause sb to) remain at a distance from sb/sth （使某人）与某人[某事

物]保持距离: Keep well back from the road. 离马路远些. * Barricades were erected to

keep back the crowds. 设置了障碍以隔开人群.

keep down

not show where one is; not stand up 隐蔽; 不站立: Keep down! You mustn't let

anybody see you. 蹲下! 一定不要让人看见你. keep sb `down repress or oppress (a

people, nation, etc) 压制或镇压（人民、 国民等）: The people have been kept down

for years by a brutal regime. 人民多年遭受野蛮制度压迫. keep sth `down (a) not

raise (a part of the body) 不抬起（身体某部分）: Keep your head down! 不要抬头! (b)

retain sth in the stomach 吞下某物; 不吐出来: The medicine was so horrid I couldn't

keep it down, ie I was sick. 这药这麽难吃, 我咽不下去. (c) cause sth to remain at a

low level; not increase sth 使某事物处於低水平; 压抑某事物: keep down wages,

prices, the cost of living, etc 保持低工资、 低价格、 低生活费等 * Keep your voices

down; your mother's trying to get some sleep. 小点声, 你妈妈要睡觉了. (d) not

allow sth to multiply or grow 不使某物滋生或生长: use chemicals to keep pests

down 用化学药品消灭害虫.

keep oneself/sb from sth/doing sth

prevent oneself/sb from doing sth 使自己[某人]不能做某事物: The church bells

keep me from sleeping. 教堂的钟声吵得我睡不 觉. * I hope I'm not keeping you

from your work. 希望我没有妨碍你的工作. keep (oneself) from doing sth prevent

oneself from doing sth; stop (oneself) doing sth 克制自己不做某事: She could

hardly keep (herself) from laughing. 她忍不住大笑起来. * I just managed to keep

myself from falling. 我差一点跌倒. keep sth from sb not tell sb sth 不将某事告诉某人:

I think we ought to keep the truth from him until he's better. 我想等他好些再把实情

告诉他. * They don't keep anything from each other. 他们之间无话不谈.

keep sb in

detain (a child) after normal school hours as a punishment 罚（小学生）课後留

校: She was kept in for an hour for talking in class. 她因上课说话被罚留校一小时.

keep sth in not express (an emotion); restrain sth 不表露（情感）; 控制某事物: He

could scarcely keep in his indignation. 他愤怒得难以自持. keep oneself/sb in sth

give or allow oneself/sb a regular supply of sth 使自己[某人]经常有某事物: She

earns enough to keep herself and all the family in good clothes. 她的收入能让全家

经常有好衣服穿. keep in with sb (infml 口) continue to be friendly with sb, esp in

order to gain some advantage 保持与某人亲近（尤指为得到好处）: Have you noticed

how he tries to keep in with the boss? 你注意到他多巴结老板了吗?

keep off

(of rain, snow, etc) not begin （指雨、 雪等）未下: The fete will go ahead

provided the rain keeps off. 要是不下雨, 义卖会就照常进行. keep off (sb/sth) not

approach, touch, etc sb/sth 不接近或不接触某人[某事物]. keep off sth (a) not eat,

drink or smoke sth 不吃、 不喝或不吸食某物: keep off cigarettes, drugs, drink, fatty

foods 不抽烟、 不吸毒、 不喝酒、 不吃多油脂的食物. (b) not mention (the specified

subject); avoid 不提（某话题）; 避免: Please keep off (the subject of) politics while

my father's here. 有我父亲在场, 请别谈政治. keep sb/sth off (sb/sth) cause sb/sth

not to approach, touch, etc sb/sth 使某人[某事物]不接近或不接触某人[某事物]: They

lit a fire to keep wild animals off. 他们燃起篝火防止野兽接近. * Keep your hands off

(ie Do not touch) me! 别碰我!

keep on

continue one's journey 继续行进: Keep on past the church; the stadium is

about half a mile further on. 一直向前走过了教堂, 约莫半英里就是体育场. keep on

(doing sth) continue (doing sth) 继续（做某事物）: The rain kept on all night. 雨彻

夜不停. * She kept on working although she was tired. 她虽疲劳但仍继续工作. keep

sb `on continue to employ sb 继续雇用某人: He's incompetent and not worth

keeping on. 他庸碌无能, 不值得留用. keep sth on (a) continue to wear sth 继续穿戴

某物: You don't need to keep your hat on indoors. 在室内不必戴 帽子了. (b)

continue to rent or be the owner of (a house, flat, etc) 继续租用或领有（房屋、 寓

所等）: We're planning to keep the cottage on over the summer. 我们打算夏天继续

租那座别墅. keep `on (at sb) (about sb/sth) continue talking (to sb) in an irritating

way (about sb/sth) （向某人）唠叨: He does keep on so! 他就是这样爱唠叨! * I will

mend the lamp just don't keep on at me about it! 我一定修这个灯--别再跟我唠叨

这件事了!

keep out

(of sth) not enter (a place); remain outside 不进入（某处）; 留在外边: The sign

said `Ministry of Defence Danger Keep Out!' 牌子上写 , 国防部重地--闲人免

进! keep sb/sth out (of sth) prevent sb/sth from entering (a place) 不让某人[某物]

进入（某处）: Keep that dog out of my study! 别让那条狗进我的书房! * She wore a hat

to keep the sun out of her eyes. 她戴 帽子遮阳, 保护眼睛. keep (sb) out of sth not

expose oneself/sb to sth; (cause sb to) avoid sth 遮掩自己[某人]; （使某人）避开某

事物: Do keep out of the rain if you haven't a coat. 没带雨衣那就避一下雨. * That

child seems incapable of keeping out of (ie not getting into) mischief. 那个孩子不调

皮捣蛋简直就受不了. * Keep the children out of harm's way if you take them to the

match. 带孩子看比赛, 要注意他们的安全.

keep to sth

(a) not wander from or leave (a path, road, etc) 不偏离, 不离开（道路等）: Keep

to the track the moor is very boggy around here. 不要偏离车道--这一带沼泽地多. *

(fig 比喻) keep to the point/subject 别扯远了[不要离题]. (b) follow or observe (a

plan, schedule, etc) 遵循, 遵守（计划、 时刻表等）: Things will only work out if we all

keep to the plan. 只有大家执行计划, 事情才能成功. (c) remain faithful to (a promise,

etc)忠於, 信守（诺言等）: keep to an agreement, an undertaking 信守协定、 承诺. (d)

remain in and not leave (the specified place or position) 留在, 不离开（某地或某位

置）: She's old and infirm and has to keep to the house. 她因年老体弱而足不出户. (e)

(used esp in the imperative when rebuking sb 尤用於祈使语气以指责某人) not

express (a comment, view, etc) 不必说出（意见、 看法等）: Keep your opinions to

yourself in future! 你有意见留 自己用吧! keep (oneself) to oneself avoid meeting

people socially; not concern oneself with other people's affairs 不与人交往:

Nobody knows much about him; he keeps himself (very much) to himself. 谁都不太

了解他, 因为他很少与人来往. keep sth to one`self not tell other people about sth 不

把某事告诉别人: I'd be grateful if you kept this information to yourself. 这事你若能

保密则不胜感激.

keep sb under

oppress sb 压迫某人: The local population is kept under by a brutal army of

mercenaries. 当地居民备受野蛮雇佣军的欺压. keep sth under control or suppress

sth 控制或压制某事物: Firemen managed to keep the fire under. 消防队员尽力控制

了火势.

keep up

(of rain, snow, good weather, etc) continue without stopping （指雨、 雪、 好

天气等）持续不停: Let's hope the sunny weather keeps up for Saturday's tennis

match. 但愿星期六网球比赛时还是这样的好天气. keep sb up prevent sb from going

to bed 使某人不能去睡觉: I do hope we're not keeping you up. 我希望我们没有耽误

你睡觉. keep sth up (a) prevent sth from falling down 使某物不落下: wear a belt to

keep one's trousers up 系 腰带以系住裤子. (b) cause sth to remain at a high level

使某事物处於高水平: The high cost of raw materials is keeping prices up. 原料费用昂

贵使得产品价格居高不下. (c) not allow (one's spirits, strength, etc) to decline;

maintain 不让（精力等）衰退; 维持; 保持: They sang songs to keep their morale up.

他们唱 歌以保持高昂的士气. (d) continue sth at the same (usu high) level 继续使某

事物保持同样的（通常指高的）水平: The enemy kept up their bombardment day and

night. 敌军一直日夜不停地狂轰滥炸. * We're having difficulty keeping up our

mortgage payments. 我们难以继续支付分期偿还的抵押贷款. * You're all doing a

splendid job; keep up the good work! 你们干得都很出色, 要坚持下去! (e) continue

to practise or observe sth 照旧做某事物或遵守某事: keep up old customs, traditions,

etc 沿袭古老的风俗、 传统等 * Do you still keep up your Spanish? 你仍在学西班牙

语吗? (f) maintain (a house, garden, etc) in good condition by spending money or

energy on it 保养, 维修（房屋、 花园等）: The house is becoming too expensive for

them to keep up. 他们的房子维修费用贵得越来越修不起了. Cf 参看 upkeep. keep

`up (with sb/sth) move or progress at the same rate (as sb/sth) 跟上（某人[某事物]）;

（与某人[某事物]）同步前进: Slow down I can't keep up (with you)! 慢点, 我跟不上

（你）了! * I can't keep up with all the changes in computer technology. 计算机技术

的各种改进有些我已跟不上了. keep up (with sth) rise at the same rate (as sth) 以（某

事物的）同样速率上升: Workers' incomes are not keeping up with inflation. 工人的

收入赶不上通货膨胀. keep up with sb continue to be in contact with sb 保持与某人

的联系: How many of your old school friends do you keep up with? 你和中学时的老

同学保持联系的有多少? keep up with sth inform oneself or learn about (the news,

current events, etc) 知悉（消息）; 跟上（形势）: She likes to keep up with the latest

fashions. 她喜欢穿戴入时.

kept woman

(dated or joc 旧或谑) woman who is provided with money and a home by a

man with whom she is having a sexual relationship （受供养的）姘妇.

keep

/ ki:p; kip/ n 1 [U] (cost of providing) food and other necessities of life 食物等

生活必需品; 生活费: It's time you got a job and started paying for your keep! 你该找

份工作, 负担自己的生活费了! * (fig 比喻) Does that old car still earn its keep? ie Is it

useful enough to be worth the cost of keeping it? 那辆旧汽车还值得维修吗? 2 [C]

strongly built tower of an ancient castle 古代城堡中的强固主楼. 3 (idm 习语) for

`keeps (infml 口) permanently; for ever 永远地; 永久地: Can I have it for keeps or

do you want it back? 我可以永久保留它呢还是要我还给你?

keeper

/ 5ki:pE(r); `kipL/ n 1 person who looks after animals in a zoo or a collection

of items in a museum （动物园的）饲养员; （博物馆的）保管人. 2 (esp in compounds

尤用以构成复合词) person who is in charge of or looks after sth 负责或照料某事物的

人: a `lighthouse-keeper * a `gamekeeper * a `shopkeeper. 3 (infml 口)(a) =

goalkeeper (goal). (b) = wicket-keeper (wicket). 4 (idm 习语) finders keepers =>

finder (find1).

keeping

/ 5ki:pIN; `kipIN/ n (idm 习语) for safe keeping => safe1. in sb's keeping in sb's

care or custody 在某人处保管; 受某人监护: I'll leave the keys in your keeping. 我把

钥匙交你保管. in/out of keeping (with sth) in/not in conformity or harmony 一致[不

一致]; 协调[不协调]: a development wholly in keeping with what we expected 与我

们预期完全相符的发展 * That tie is not quite in keeping. 那条领带不十分协调. in safe

keeping => safe1.

keepsake

/ 5ki:pseIk; `kip9sek/ n gift, usu small and often not very costly, that is kept in

memory of the giver or previous owner 纪念品: My aunt gave me one of her

brooches as a keepsake. 我的姑母把她的一只胸针送给我作纪念.

keg

/ keg; kZ^/ n small barrel, usu containing less than 10 British or 30 US gallons

of liquid 小桶（通常容量不足10英加仑或30美加仑）. =>illus at barrel 见barrel插

图.

keg beer

(Brit) beer served from kegs, using gas pressure 小桶啤酒（用气压压出）.

kelp

/ kelp; kZlp/ n [U] type of large brown seaweed 大型褐藻.

kelvin

/ 5kelvIn; `kZlvIn/ n (abbr 缩写 K) unit (equal tothe Celsius degree) of an

international scale of temperature(the Kelvin scale) with 0 at absolute zero

(273.15C) 开（开尔文温标的计量单位, 其零度为绝对零度, 等於273.15C）. =>App 11

见附录11.

ken

/ ken; kZn/ n (idm 习语) beyond/outside one's ken not within one's range of

knowledge 超出某人知识范围: The workings of the Stock Exchange are beyond

most people's ken. 证券交易所的运作情况大多数人都不了解.

ken

/ ken; kZn/ v (-nn-, pt kenned or kent, pp kenned) [Tn, Tf, Tw] (Scot 苏格兰)

know 知道.

kennel

/ 5kenl; `kZnl/ n 1 [C] shelter for a pet dog 狗窝; 狗房: Rover lives in a kennel

in the back garden. 小狗罗弗的窝在後花园. 2 [C] shelter for a pack of hounds 一群

猎犬的窝棚. 3 kennels [sing or pl v] place where dogs are bred, cared for, etc 养狗

场: We put the dog into kennels when we go on holiday. 我们去度假时把狗送到养狗

场寄养.

kennel

v (-ll-; US also -l-) [Tn] put or keep (a dog) in a kennel or kennels 将（狗）关进

狗窝或送到养狗场: She kennels her dog in the yard. 她把狗关进院子的狗窝里.

kepi

/ 5keIpI; `kepI/ n type of French military cap with a horizontal peak 法国军帽.

kept

pt, pp of keep1.

kerb (also esp US curb)

/ k:b; k[b/ n stone or concrete edge of a pavement at the side of a road （镶

石的）路缘, 路边: Stop at the kerb and look both ways before crossing (the road). 先

站在路边看清左右再过马路.

kerb-crawling

n [U] driving slowly along trying to persuade sb on the pavement to enter

one's car, esp for sexual purposes 开车沿路边缓慢行驶（尤指为性关系勾引人）: be

arrested for kerb-crawling 因沿路边慢驶勾引人而被拘捕.

kerb drill

set of rules for crossing the road safely 过马路的安全规则.

kerbstone

n block of stone or concrete forming part of a kerb 路缘石; 路边石.

kerchief

/ 5k:tFIf; `k[tFIf/ n (arch 古) 1 square piece of cloth worn on the head or

round the neck, esp by women 方头巾, 方围巾（尤指女用的）. 2 handkerchief 手

绢.

kerfuffle

/ kE5fQfl; kL`fQfl/ n [U] (Brit infml 口) fuss; noise; excitement 混乱; 吵闹; 闹哄:

What's all the kerfuffle (about)? 这乱哄哄的是怎麽回事?

kernel

/ 5k:nl; `k[nl/ n 1 soft and usu edible part inside a nut or fruit stone （坚果

或核果的）仁（通常可食）. =>illus at nut 见nut插图. 2 part of a grain or seed within

the hard outer shell （谷物去壳後的）粒, 子. 3 (fig 比喻) central or essential part (of

a subject, plan, problem, etc) 核心; 要点; 中心: the kernel of her argument 她的论

据的核心.

kerosene, kerosine (also kerosine)

/ 5kerEsi:n; `kZrE9sin/ n [U] (esp US) = paraffin 1: [attrib 作定语] a kerosene

lamp 煤油灯.

kestrel

/ 5kestrEl; `kZstrEl/ n type of small falcon 红隼. =>illus at App 1 见附录1插图,

page iv.

ketch

/ ketF; kZtF/ n small sailing-boat with two masts 双桅小帆船.

ketchup

/ 5ketFEp; `kZtFEp/ (also esp US catsup / 5ktsEp;`kAtsEp/) n [U] thick sauce

made from tomatoes, vinegar, etc and used cold as a seasoning 番茄酱.

kettle

/ 5ketl; `kZtl/ n 1 container with a spout, lid and handle, used for boiling

water （烧水用的）壶: boil (water in) the kettle and make some tea 烧壶水沏茶. 2

(idm 习语) a different kettle of fish => different. a `fine, `pretty, etc kettle of fish

messy, unpleasant or confusing situation 一团糟; 不愉快的事; 尴尬的局面. the pot

calling the kettle black => pot1.

kettledrum

/ 5ketldrQm; `kZtl9drQm/ n large brass or copper bowl-shaped drum with skin

stretched over the top, that can be tuned to an exact pitch 定音鼓. =>illus at App 1

见附录1插图, page xi.

key

/ ki:; ki/ n 1 [C] metal instrument shaped so that it will move the bolt of a lock

(and so lock or unlock sth) 钥匙: turn the key in the lock 转动锁孔中的钥匙 * the car

keys 汽车钥匙 * the key to the front door 前门的钥匙 * have a duplicate key cut, ie

made 配钥匙. =>illus 见插图. 2 [C] similar instrument for grasping and turning

sth, eg for winding a clock 类似钥匙的器具（如上钟表发条用的）: Where's the key for

turning off the radiator? 关散热器的开关在哪里? 3 [C] (a) (music 音) set of related

notes, based on a particular note, and forming the basis of (part of) a piece of

music 调: a sonata in the key of E flat major/A minor 一首降E大调[A小调]奏鸣曲 *

This piece changes key many times. 这首曲子有多处变调. (b) (fig 比喻) general tone

or style of sth （事 物的）基调, 调子, 调门儿: Her speech was all in the same key, ie

monotonous. 她的演说自始至终是一个调子（单调乏味）. 4 [C] any of the set of levers

that are pressed by the fingers to operate a typewriter, piano, etc （打字机、 钢琴

等的）键. =>illus at App 1 见附录1插图, pages x, xi. 5 [C] (a) set of answers to

exercises or problems 题解; 答案: a book of language tests, complete with key 附

答案的语言测验试题集. (b) explanation of the symbols used in a coded message or

on a map, diagram, etc （地图、 图表等上的）略语表, 符号表, 凡例, 图例. 6 [C usu

sing 通常作单数] ~ (to sth) thing that provides access, control or understanding 关

键; 要诀: Diet and exercise are the key (to good health). 吃固定食物、 做运动是（身

体健康的）关键. * The key to the whole affair was his jealousy. 整个事情的症结是因为

他忌妒. 7 [sing] roughness given to a surface so that plaster or paint will stick to it

（助灰浆或颜料附著的）粗糙表面: Gently sand the plastic to provide a key for the

paint. 用砂纸在塑料上轻轻打磨出粗糙面以便涂颜料. 8 [C] (botany 植) winged fruit

of some trees, eg the ash and elm 翅果（如 、 榆等树的果实）. =>illus at App 1 见

附录1插图, page i. 9 (idm 习语) under lock and key => lock2.

key

adj [attrib 作定语] very important or essential 极重要的; 关键性的: a key figure

in the dispute 争论中的关键人物 * a key industry, speech, position 重要的工业、 讲

话、 位置.

keyboard

n set of keys (key1 4) on a typewriter,piano, etc （打字机、 钢琴等的）键盘.

=>illus at computer见computer插图. v 1 [I] operate a keyboard (eg for setting

printing type) 用键盘操纵（如排字）. 2 [Tn] enter (data) in a computer by means of

a keyboard 用键盘将（数据）输入计算机. `keyboarder n person who operates a

keyboard 操作键盘的人.

keyhole

n hole through which a key is put into a lock 锁孔; 钥匙孔.

key money

payment illegally demanded from a new tenant of a house or flat before he is

allowed to move in 钥匙费（向新房客非法索取的费用）.

keynote

n 1 central theme of a speech, book, etc （演说、 书等的）要旨, 主题:

Unemployment has been the keynote of the conference. 会议的主题是失业问题. *

[attrib 作定语] a keynote speech, ie one setting the tone for or introducing the

theme of a meeting, etc 定基调的演说. 2 (music 音) note on which a musical key

is based 主音.

key-pad

n small keyboard of numbered buttons used instead of a dial on a telephone,

for selecting a channel, etc on a television set, or for entering data in a computer

按钮式电话机键盘; 电视频道选择键盘; 计算机袖珍键盘.

key-ring

n ring on which keys are kept 钥匙圈. =>illus 见插图.

key signature

(music 音) sharps and flats shown on a piece of music indicating the key in

which it is written 调号. =>illus at music 见music插图.

keystone

n 1 (architecture 建) central stone at the top of an arch locking the others

into position 拱顶石. 2 (usu sing 通常作单数) (fig 比喻) most important part of a

plan, an argument, etc on which all the other parts depend （计划、 论据等的）基

础, 主旨: Belief in a life after death is the keystone of her religious faith. 她的宗教信

仰的基础是相信死後有来生. Cf 参看 corner-stone (corner1).

key

/ ki:; ki/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.p] ~ sth (in) (computing 计) type in (data) using a

keyboard 用键盘输入（数据）: I've keyed this sentence (in) three times, and it's still

wrong!我把这个句子输入了三次, 可是仍然不对! 2 [Tn] roughen (a surface) so that

plaster or paint will stick to it 将（表面）弄粗糙（以便附著灰浆或颜料）. 3 (phr v) key

sth to sth (a) make sth similar to sth else 使某事物与他事物相似: She keyed her

mood to that of the other guests. 她控制住情绪使之与其他客人一致. (b) make sth

suitable for sth else 使某事物与他事物相适应: The farm was keyed to the needs of

the local people. 农场按当地人的需要作了调整. key sb up (usu passive 通常用於被动

语态) make sb excited, nervous or tense 使某人激动或紧张: The manager warned us

not to get too keyed up before the big match. 领队告诫我们在大赛之前不要太激动.

key (also cay)

/ ki:; ki/ n low island or reef, esp in the W Indies and off the coast of Florida 低

岛, 暗礁, 珊瑚礁（尤指西印度群岛和美国佛罗里达州海岸处）.

KG

/ 9keI 5dVi:; 9ke `dVi/ abbr 缩写 = (Brit) Knight (of the Order) of the Garter 嘉

德勋爵士; 英格兰最高爵级勋章: be made a KG 被封为嘉德勋爵士 * Sir Thomas Bell

KG 托马斯·贝尔嘉德勋爵士.

kg

abbr 缩写 = kilogram(s): 10 kg 10公斤.

KGB

/ 9keI dVi 5bi:; 9ke dVi `bi/ abbr 缩写 = USSR Intelligence Agency since 1953

(former Russian Komitet Gosudarstvennoi Bezopasnosti) 克格勃（建於1953年, 前

苏联国家安全委员会的略称）: a KGB agent 克格勃特工人员 * dealing with the KGB 与

克格勃打交道.

khaki

/ 5kB:kI; `kBkI/ n [U], adj (cloth of a) dull brownish-yellow colour, used esp for

military uniforms 土黄色（的）, 卡其布（的）（尤指用做军服的）.

kHz

abbr 缩写 = kilohertz. Cf 参看 Hz.

kibbutz

/ kI5bUts; kI`bJts/ n (pl kibbutzim / kIbU5tsi:m; kIbJ`tsim/) communal farm or

settlement in Israel 基布兹（以色列的合作农场或居民点）.

kibbutznik

/ -nIk; -nIk/ n member of a kibbutz 基布兹成员.

kick

/ kIk; kIk/ v 1 (a) [Tn, ] hit (sb/sth) with the foot 踢（某人[某物]）: Mummy,

Peter kicked me (on the leg)! 妈妈, 彼得踢我（腿）! (b) [Tn, , Tn.p] move (sth) by

doing this 踢动（某物）: He kicked the ball into the river. 他把球踢进河里了. * Can we

kick the ball around for a while? 我们可以在这一带踢一会儿球吗? (c) [] make

(sth) by kicking 踢成（某物）: He kicked a hole in the fence. 他在篱笆上踹了个洞. (d)

[I, Ip] move the foot or feet in a jerky violent way 猛烈地蹬、 跺: The child was

screaming and kicking. 那孩子边喊叫边跺脚. * Be careful of that horse it often

kicks. 小心那匹马--它常尥蹶子. * (fig 比喻) She kicks out when she's angry. 她发起怒

来暴跳如雷. 2 [Tn] ~oneself be very annoyed with oneself because one has done

sth stupid, missed an opportunity, etc （因干蠢事、 坐失良机等）懊悔, 内疚, 自责:

When I discovered I'd come for the appointment on the wrong day, I could have

kicked myself. 我来赴约发现把日期弄错了, 感到非常懊恼. 3 [Tn] (esp in Rugby

football) score (a goal or conversion) by kicking the ball （尤指英式橄榄球）踢球（射

门）得分: That's the twentieth goal he's kicked this season. 这是他本赛季踢进的第二

十个球. 4 [I] (of a gun) jerk backwards when fired （指枪炮）反冲, 後坐. 5 (idm 习

语) alive and kicking => alive. hit/kick a man when he's down => man. ,kick against

the `pricks hurt oneself by useless resistance or protest 作无谓的抵抗而自身受损; 自

讨苦吃. ,kick the `bucket (sl 俚) die 死; 蹬腿儿. `kick the habit (infml 口) give up an

addiction 戒除某嗜好: Doctors should try to persuade smokers to kick the habit. 医

生应说服吸烟者戒烟. ,kick one's `heels have nothing to do while waiting for sth 无聊

地等待某事物: She had to kick her heels for hours because the train was so late. 火

车晚点, 她无聊地等了几小时. ,kick over the `traces (of a person) refuse to accept

discipline or control (from parents, etc) （指人）拒不接受（父母等的）管束, 控制. kick

up/raise a dust => dust1. ,kick up a `fuss, `row, shindy, stink, etc (infml 口) cause a

disturbance, esp by protesting about sth 闹事, 骚动（尤指抗议某事）. ,kickup one's

`heels (infml 口) enjoy oneself enthusiastically尽情享乐; 乐得手舞足蹈. ,kick sb

up`stairs (infml 口) get rid of sb by promoting him to a position that seems more

important but in fact is less so 使某人明升暗降. 5 (phr v) kick against sth protest

about or resist sth 反对或反抗某事物: It's no use kicking against the rules. 反对这些

规定是徒劳的. kick around (infml 口) be present, alive or in existence 活著; 健在; 存

在: I've been kicking around Europe since I saw you last. 你我分别以来, 我一直在欧

洲各地生活. * My shirt is kicking around on the floor somewhere. 我的衬衫在地板上

的什麽地方. * an idea which has been kicking around for some considerable time

酝酿已久的意见. kick sth around/round (infml 口) discuss (plans, ideas, etc)

informally 随便商谈, 非正式地讨论（计划、 想法等）: We'll kick some ideas around

and make a decision tomorrow. 我们先酝酿一下, 明天再作决定. kick sth in break sth

inwards by kicking 向内踢某物: kick in a door 从外面把门踢开 * kick sb's teeth in 踢

掉某人的牙. kick `off start a football match (by kicking the ball) （足球）开球: United

kicked off and scored almost immediately. 联队开球後旋即得分. kick (sth) off begin

(a meeting, etc) 开始（会议等）: I'll ask Tessa to kick off (the discussion). 我叫特萨

开始（讨论）. kick sth off remove sth by kicking 踢掉某物: kick off one's slippers,

shoes, etc 踢脱拖鞋、 鞋等. kick sb out (of sth) (infml 口) expel sb or send him away

by force 驱逐某人; 用武力逼走某人: They kicked him out (of the club) for fighting.

他因为斗殴被开除（出俱乐部）.

kicker

n person who kicks 踢或踹的人.

kick-off

n start of a football match （足球比赛的）开球.

kick

/ kIk; kIk/ n 1 [C] act of kicking 踢; 踹: give sb a kick up the backside 踢某人

屁股一脚 * If the door won't open give it a kick. 门要是打不开就踹一下. 2 [C] (infml

口) thrill; feeling of pleasure 兴奋; 快感; 快乐: I get a big kick from motor racing. 我

觉得汽车比赛很刺激. * She gets her kicks from windsurfing and skiing. 她从帆板运动

和滑雪中得到极大乐趣. * do sth (just) for kicks （仅）为取乐而做某事. 3 [C] (infml 口)

(usu temporary) interest or activity （通常为一时的）兴趣, 喜好, 活动: (be on) a

health-food kick 一时喜好起保健食品. 4 [U, sing] (infml 口) strength; effectiveness

精力; 气力; 效力: He has no kick left in him. 他已精疲力竭. * This drink has (quite) a

kick (to it), ie is strong. 这酒（很）有劲儿. 5 (idm 习语) a kick in the teeth (infml 口)

unpleasant and often unexpected action 讨厌的、 且常为未料到的行动: The

Government's decision is a real kick in the teeth for the unions. 政府的决定是对工会

的重大打击.

kick-start

v [Tn] start (a motor cycle, etc) by pushing down a lever with one's foot 用脚启

动（摩托车等）. kick-start (also `kick-starter) n this lever （摩托车等的）脚踏起动器.

kickback

/ 5kIkbAk; `kIk9bAk/ n (infml 口) money paid to sb who has helped one to

make a profit, often illegally 回扣, 酬金（常指不合法的）.

kid

/ kId; kId/ n 1 (a) [C] (infml 口) child or young person 小孩; 年轻人: How are

your wife and kids? 夫人和孩子们都好吗? * Half the kids round here are

unemployed. 这里的年轻人有一半失业. (b) [attrib 作定语] (infml 口 esp US)

younger 较年幼的: his kid sister/brother 他的妹妹[弟弟]. 2 (a) [C] young goat 小山

羊. =>illus at goat 见goat插图. (b) [U] leather made from its skin 小山羊皮革: a bag

made of kid 小山羊皮手提包 * [attrib 作定语] a pair of kid gloves 一副小山羊皮手套.

3 (idm 习语) handle, treat, etc sb with kid `gloves deal with sb very gently or

tactfully 以温和的或圆通的手段对待某人.

kiddy (also kiddie)

n (infml 口) child 小孩儿.

kid-glove

adj [attrib 作定语] gentle; tactful 温柔的; 圆通的: Kid-glove methods haven't

worked it's time to get tough. 既然软的办法不行--那就来硬的.

kid

/ kId; kId/ v (-dd-) 1 [I, Tn] (infml 口) deceive (sb), esp playfully; tease 欺骗（某

人）; （尤指）戏弄; 取笑: You're kidding! 你这是开玩笑! * Don't kid yourself it won't

be easy. 别欺骗自己--这事不容易. 2 (idm 习语) ,no `kidding (infml 口) (used to

express surprise at what has been said 用於对听说的事表示惊异): (ironic 反语) `It's

raining.' `No kidding! I wondered why I was getting wet!' ｀下著雨呢.＇｀难怪! 我刚

才还纳闷怎麽身上有点湿呢!＇

kidnap

/ 5kIdnAp; `kIdnAp/ v (-pp-; US -p-) [Tn] steal (sb) away by force and illegally,

esp in order to obtain money or other (esp political) demands 诱拐, 绑架, 劫持（某

人）: Two businessmen have been kidnapped by terrorists. 有两个商人让恐怖分子绑

架了.

kidnap

n [attrib 作定语]: a kidnap attempt, plot, victim 绑架的企图、 阴谋、 事主.

kidnapper

n: The kidnappers have demanded 1 million for his safe release. 绑架的歹徒索

要100万英镑赎金才放他.

kidnapping

n [C, U] (act of) stealing sb away in this way 诱拐; 绑架; 劫持: The kidnapping

occurred in broad daylight. 在光天化日之下竟发生绑架事件.

kidney

/ 5kIdnI; `kIdnI/ n (pl ~s) 1 [C] either of a pair of organs in the body that

remove waste products from the blood and produce urine 肾; 肾脏. 2 [U,

C]kidney(s) of certain animals used as food （用作食物的）腰子: two kilos of lamb's

kidney 两公斤羊腰子 * [attrib 作定语] steak and kidney pie 牛肉腰子馅饼.

kidney bean

(plant producing a) reddish-brown kidney-shaped bean 菜豆.

kidney machine

(medical 医) machine that does the work of kidneys which have become

diseased 人工肾; 血液透析器: put a patient on a kidney machine 给病人装置人工肾.

kill

/ kIl; kIl/ v 1 [I, Tn, ] cause death or cause the death of (sb/sth) 致死; 杀

死, 扼杀（某人[某事物]）: Careless driving kills! 开车大意危及生命! * Cancer kills

thousands of people every year. 每年有数以千计的人死於癌症. * The guard was

killed with a high-powered rifle. 那卫兵被杀伤力大的火枪击毙了. * (fig infml 比喻,

口) My mother will kill me (ie be very angry with me) when she finds out where I've

been. 我母亲要是知道我到过那地方非把我宰了不可（一定大怒）. 2 [Tn] (infml 口) (usu

in the continuous tenses 通常用於进行时态) cause pain to (sb) 使（某人）疼痛, 痛苦:

My feet are killing me. 我的脚疼极了. 3 [Tn] (a) (esp in football) stop (a ball)

suddenly and completely with one's foot （尤指足球）停（球）. (b) (esp in tennis) hit

(a ball) so that it cannot be returned （尤指网球）扣（球）. 4 [Tn] bring (sth) to an

end 终止, 结束, 了结（某事物）: kill sb's affection, interest, appetite 使某人失去好感、

兴趣、 胃口 * the goal that killed Brazil's chances of winning 决定巴西队败局的一分.

5 [Tn, Cn.a] (infml 口) cause (sth) to fail or be rejected 使（某事物）失败, 遭拒绝: kill

a project, a proposal, an idea, etc (stone dead) 使一计划、 建议、 想法等不能实现 *

The play was killed by bad reviews. 那出戏被贬斥的评论扼杀了. 6 [Tn] (infml 口)

switch or turn off 关掉: kill a light, the radio, a car engine 关掉灯、 收音机、 汽车发

动机. 7 [Tn] make (one colour) appear ineffective by contrast with another 抵销

（某一色彩）的效果: The bright red of the curtains kills the brown of the carpet. 这

些鲜红色窗帘显得棕色地毯黯然失色. 8 (idm 习语) be dressed to kill => dress2.

curiositykilled the cat => curiosity. have time to kill => time1.,kill the fatted `calf

(fml or joc saying 文或谑, 谚) joyfully celebrate sb's return or arrival 欢宴或欢庆某

人的归来或到达. ,kill the ,goose that ,lays the ,golden `eggs (saying 谚) destroy

(through greed or carelessness) sth that would have produced continuous profit in

the future 杀鸡取卵; 自绝财源. kill oneself (doing sth/to do sth) (infml 口) try too

hard 过分努力: The party's at eight, but don't kill yourself getting here/to get here

on time. 八点钟聚会, 但是不必勉强赶时间来. ,kill or `cure [esp attrib 尤作定语] (likely

to) be either completely successful or a total failure 不是全胜就是大败: a kill-or-cure

approach to the problem 对问题采取非胜即败的态度 * The tough new measures on

drug abuse are likely to be a case of kill or cure. 禁毒新措施很强硬, 大有成败取决於

此之势. kill `time; kill two, a few, etc hours spend time as pleasantly as possible but

unprofitably, esp while waiting for sth 消磨时间（尤指等待时）: My flight was delayed,

so I killed time/killed two hours reading a book. 我那趟班机误点了, 我只好看书消磨

时间[打发了两小时]. kill ,two ,birds with ,one `stone achieve two aims with a single

action or simultaneously 一石二鸟; 一箭双 ; 一举两得. ,kill sb with `kindness harm

sb by being excessively or mistakenly kind 溺爱某人反而使其受损. 9 (phr v) kill

sb/sth off destroy or get rid of sb/sth 杀死某人; 破坏某事物; 除掉某人[某事物]: kill

off weeds, insects, rats 灭除杂草、 害虫、 老鼠 * He killed off all his political

opponents. 他把政敌排除一空. * (fig 比喻) The author kills off her hero in Chapter 7.

作者把她的主人翁安排在第七章中死去.

kill

n 1 act of killing 杀死: The lion made only one kill that day. 那天狮子只捕杀了

一个猎物. 2 (usu sing通常作单数) animal(s) killed 被杀死的动物: The

huntersbrought their kill back to camp. 猎人把猎物带回营地. 3 (idm 习语)

go/move in for the `kill prepare to finish off an opponent 准备干掉或打倒对手.

(be) ,in at the `kill (be) present at the climax of a struggle, etc 斗争等最激烈时在场:

She wants to be in at the kill when his business finally collapses. 她想在他的公司最

终倒台时亲 临现场.

killer

n person, animal or thing that kills 杀生的人、 动物或事物: Police are hunting

her killer. 警方正在追捕杀害她的凶手. * Heroin is a killer. 海洛因是致命的毒品. *

[attrib 作定语] a killer disease 致命的疾病 * Sharks have the killer instinct. 鲨鱼有嗜

杀的本性.

killjoy

n (derog 贬) person who spoils the enjoymentof others 使人扫兴的人.

killing

/ 5kIlIN; `kIlIN/ n (idm 习语) ,make a `killing have a great financial success 大走

财运; 鸿运亨通: She's made a killing on the stock market. 她在股票市场上大发了一笔

财.

killing

adj (infml 口) 1 exhausting 使人筋疲力尽的: walk at a killing pace 拚命赶路.

2 very amusing 极为有趣的; 滑稽可笑的: a killing joke 极为有趣的笑话. killingly adv

(infml 口) extremely 非常地; 极端地: a killingly funny film 非常有趣的影片.

kiln

/ kIln; kIln/ n oven for baking pottery or bricks, drying hops or wood, burning

lime, etc 窑.

kilo

/ 5ki:lEU; `kilo/ n (pl ~s) kilogram.

kilo-

comb form 构词成分 thousand 千: kilogram * kilometre. =>App 11 见附录11.

kilocycle

/ 5kIlEsaIkl; `kIlE9saIkl/ n (dated 旧) = kilohertz.

kilogram (also kilogramme)

/ 5kIlEgrAm; `kIlE9^rAm/ n (abbr 缩写 kg) basic unit of mass in the SI system;

1000 grams 千克; 公斤. =>App 5, 11 见附录5、 11.

kilohertz

/ 5kIlEh:ts; `kIlo9h[ts/ n (pl unchanged 复数不变) (abbr 缩写 kHz) (also

kilocycle) unit of frequency of electromagnetic waves; 1000 hertz 千赫（频率单位,

等於1000赫兹）.

kilometre (US kilometer)

/ 5kIlEmi:tE(r), kI5lCmItE(r);`kIlE9mitL/ n (abbr 缩写 km) metric unit of length;

1000 metres. 公里, 千米（公制长度单位, 等於1000米）. =>App 4,5 见附录4、 5.

kilowatt

/ 5kIlEwCt; `kIlE9wBt/ n (abbrs 缩写 kW, kw) unit of electrical power; 1000

watts 千瓦（电的功率单位, 等於1000瓦特）.

kilt

/ kIlt; kIlt/ n (a) pleated knee-length skirt of tartan wool, worn by men as part

of Scottish national costume （苏格兰男子穿的）短褶裙（羊毛织成长及膝盖, 为苏格

兰民族服装的一部分）. =>illus at bagpipes 见bagpipes插图. (b) similar skirt worn by

women or children （妇女或儿童穿的类似上述的）短褶裙.

kilted

adj wearing a kilt 穿著短褶裙的.

kimono

/ kI5mEUnEU; ?@ -nE; kE`monE/ n (pl ~s) (a) long loose Japanese robe with

wide sleeves, worn with a sash 和服（日式长袍）. (b) dressing-gown resembling this

（和服式）晨服.

kin

/ kIn; kIn/ n 1 [pl v] (dated or fml 旧或文) one's family and relatives 家人和亲

戚: All his kin were at the wedding. 他的家人和亲戚都参加了婚礼. * He's my kin, ie

related to me. 他是我的亲戚. * We are near kin, ie closely related. 我们是近亲. Cf 参

看 kindred 2. 2 (idm 习语) kith and kin => kith. no kin to sb not related to sb 与

某人无亲属关系. Cf 参看 next of kin (next1).

kinsfolk

/ 5kInzfEUk; `kInz9fok/ n [pl v] = kin.

kinship

n [U] 1 blood relationship 血缘关系; 亲属关系: claim kinship with sb 声称与某

人有血缘关系. 2 (fig 比喻) close sympathy or similarity of character 深切的同情; 性

格的相似: Even after meeting only once, they felt a kinship. 他们虽然只见了一面, 但

已是一见如故了.

kinsman

/ 5kInzmEn; `kInzmEn/ n (pl -men/-mEn; -mEn/)(fml 文) male relative 男亲属.

kinswoman

n (pl -women) (fml 文) female relative 女亲属.

kind

/ kaInd; kaInd/ adj friendly and thoughtful to others 亲切的; 和蔼的; 友好的; 仁

慈的; 慈爱的: Would you be kind enough to/be so kind as to help me? 请你帮帮我

的忙好吗? * a kind man, gesture, face, thought 友好的人、 姿势、 面容、 想法 * She

always has a kind word for (ie stops to speak kindly to) everyone. 她跟谁都能和蔼地

谈谈话.

kindly

adv 1 in a kind manner 亲切地; 和蔼地; 友好地; 仁慈地; 慈爱地: treat sb kindly

善待某人 * He spoke kindly to them. 他和蔼地和他们谈话. 2 (used when making

polite requests or ironically when ordering sb to do sth 用作请求时的礼貌用语或把

命令说成请求的反语) please 请: Would you kindly hold this for a moment? 请您帮著

拿一会儿这个东西. * Kindly leave me alone! 劳您驾别打扰我! 3 (idm 习语) take

kindly to sb/sth (usu in negative sentences 通常用於否定句) be pleased by sth;

accept sb/sth willingly 喜欢某事物; 欣然接受或接纳某人[某事物]: She didn't take (at

all) kindly to being called plump. 她（一点都）不喜欢人家说她丰满. * I don't think he

takes kindly to foreign tourists. 我认为他不喜欢外国游客.

kindness

n 1 [U] quality of being kind 亲切; 和蔼; 仁慈; 好意: She always shows

kindness to children and animals. 她对孩子和动物总是很温柔. * He did it entirely out

of kindness, not for the money. 他做那件事纯粹是出於好意, 并非为钱. 2 [C] kind

act 好心的表现或行为: I can never repay her many kindnesses to me. 我无法回报她

对我的许多帮助. 3 (idm 习语) do/show sb a `kindness do sth kind for sb 好心地为

某人做某事物. kill sb with kindness => kill. the milk of human kindness => milk1.

kind-hearted

adj having a kind nature; sympathetic 好心的; 善良的; 同情的.

kind

/ kaInd; kaInd/ n 1 [C] group having similar characteristics; sort; type; variety

种类: fruit of various kinds/various kinds of fruit 各种水果 * Do you want all the

same kind, or a mixture? 您都要同一种的还是要什锦的? * Don't trust him: I know his

kind, ie what sort of person he is. 别相信他, 这种人我了解. * She's not the kind (of

woman/person) to lie. 她不是那种爱撒谎的（女）人. 2 [U] nature; character 本质; 性

质: They differ in size but not in kind. 这些东西的区别只是大小不同而实质一样. 3

(idm 习语) in kind (a) (of payment) in goods or natural produce, not in money （指

偿付）以实物偿付: When he had no money, the farmer sometimes used to pay me in

kind, eg with a sack of potatoes. 那个农民没有现款时, 有时候给我些东西抵帐（如给一

袋土豆）. (b) (fig 比喻) with something similar 以同样方式: repay insults in kind, ie

by being insulting in return 受到侮辱後以同样方式侮辱对方. a kind of (infml 口)

(used to express uncertainty 用以表示不确): I had a kind of (ie a vague) feeling this

might happen. 我隐约感到这事可能发生. * He's a kind of unofficial adviser, but I'm

not sure exactly what he does. 他像个非官方的顾问, 但说不好他究竟是干什麽的. kind

of (infml 口) slightly; to some extent 稍微; 有点儿; 有几分: I'm not sure why, but I

feel kind of sorry for him. 不知为什麽, 我有点为他惋惜. * `Is she interested?' `Well,

kind of.' ｀她感兴趣吗?＇｀嗯, 有点儿.＇ nothing of the `kind/sort not at all like it 一

点都不像; 毫无类似处: People had told me she was very pleasant but she's nothing

of the kind. 人家告诉我她很可爱, 可是她根本不是那样. of a kind (a) very similar 很相

似的; 同一类的: They look alike, talk alike, even think alike they're two of a

kind/they're very much of a kind. 他们长得很像、 说话很像、 连想法都很像--他们俩

完全是一个类型. (b) (derog 贬) of an inferior kind 低劣的; 差劲的: The town offers

entertainments of a kind, but nothing like what you'll find in the city. 镇上有些所谓

的娱乐, 但与城里的截然不同. something of the kind something like what has been

said 类似所说的某事: Did you say they're moving? I'd heard something of the kind

myself. 是你说他们要搬家吗? 我也听到过这样的话.

kind

NOTE ON USAGE 用法: 1 After kind of/sort of it is usual to have a singular

noun 在kind of/sort of之後通常有个单数名词: What kind of/sort of tree is that? 那

是什麽树? * There are many different kinds of/sorts of snake in South America. 南

美洲有很多种蛇. Informally, it is possible to use a plural noun thus 口语中可以用复数

名词: I have met all kinds of/sorts of salesmen, tourists, etc. 我见过各种各样的售货

员、 游客等. In more formal usage the plural noun can be put in front 在比较庄重的

用语中, 复数名词可放在前面: People of that kind/sort never apologize. 那种人从来不

向人道歉. * Snakes of many kinds/sorts are found in South America. 南美洲有很多

种蛇. 2 Kind of/sort of are also used informally to indicate that somebody or

something is not genuine or of good quality, or to suggest vagueness 口语中 kind

of/sort of还可指某人或某事物的情况不是真的或不那麽好, 或表示说不准: I had a kind

of/sort of holiday in the summer but I couldn't really relax. 我算是放了暑假了, 但却

未能真正休息. * He gave a kind of/sort of smile and left the room. 他像是笑了一下

就离开了房间. 3 Kind of and sort of are used in very informal English as adverbs.

*kind of和sort of在极通俗的口语中可用作副词. They mean `to some extent' 这两个

词组的意思都是｀在某种程度上＇: She kind of/sort of likes him. 她有点儿喜欢他.

kindergarten

/ 5kIndEgB:tn; `kIndL9^Brtn/ n school for very young children; nursery school

幼儿园.

kindle

/ 5kIndl; `kIndl/ v 1 [I, Tn] (cause sth to) catch fire （使某物）燃烧, 著火: This

wood is too wet to kindle. 这木头潮得点不著. * The sparks kindled the dry grass. 有

些火星把乾草给引著了. 2 (fig 比喻) (a) [Tn] arouse or stimulate (feelings, etc) 激起

（感情等）: kindle hopes, interest, anger 激起希望、 兴趣、 怒火. (b) [I, Ipr] ~ (with

sth) become bright; shine or glow 发亮; 放光; 明亮起来: Her eyes kindled with

excitement. 她兴奋得双目炯炯发光.

kindling

/ 5kIndlIN; `kIndlIN/ n [U] small dry pieces of wood, etc for lighting fires 引火

物（小块的乾柴等）.

kindly

/ 5kaIndlI; `kaIndlI/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] (-ier, -iest) kind or friendly in

character, manner or appearance 亲切的; 和蔼的; 友好的; 仁慈的; 慈爱的: a kindly

man, voice, smile 慈祥的人、 声音、 微笑 * give sbsome kindly advice 给某人以友

好的劝告.

kindliness

n [U].

kindly

=> kind.

kindred

/ 5kIndrId; `kIndrId/ n (fml 文) 1 [U] family relationship 亲属关系: claim

kindred with sb 声称与某人有亲属关系. 2 [pl v] one's family and relatives 家人和亲

戚: Most of his kindred still live in Ireland. 他的亲戚大部分仍住在爱尔兰. Cf 参看 kin

1.

kindred

adj [attrib 作定语] (fml 文) 1 having a common source; related 同宗的; 同源

的; 有关的: kindred families 同宗亲属 * English and Dutch are kindred languages.

英语和荷兰语是同源的语言. 2 similar 类似的; 相似的: hunting and shooting and

kindred activities 打猎、 射击及之类的活动. 3 (idm 习语) a kindred `spirit person

whose tastes, feelings, etc are similar to one's own 意气相投的人: We immediately

realized that we were kindred spirits. 我们马上发觉彼此志同道合.

kinetic

/ kI5netIk; kI`nZtIk/ adj [esp attrib 尤作定语] of or produced by movement 运

动的; 运动引起的: kinetic energy, ie that generated by a moving body 动能.

kinetically

/ -klI; -klI/ adv.

kinetics

n [sing v] science of the relations between the movement of bodies and the

forces acting on them 动力学.

kinetic art

art (esp sculpture) that depends for its effect on the movement of some of its

parts, eg in air currents 动态艺术, （尤指）动态雕塑（藉活动部件在气流等中的运动造

成动感效果的）.

king

/ kIN; kIN/ n 1 (title of the) male ruler of an independent state, usu inheriting

the position by right of birth 君主; 国王; 国王的称号: the King of Denmark 丹麦国王

* King Edward VII 爱德华七世 * be made/crowned king 被立为[加冕为]国王. Cf 参看

queen. 2 person, animal or thing regarded as best or most important in some

way 重要的人、 动物或事物; 大王: To his fans, Elvis will always be `the King'. 埃尔维

斯的歌迷永远称他为歌王. * the king of beasts/of the jungle, ie the lion 百兽[丛林]之

王（狮子） * Barolo is the king of Italian red wines. 巴罗洛是意大利红葡萄酒之王. 3

[attrib 作定语] largest variety of a species 同类中之最大型的: king cobra, penguin,

prawn, etc 眼镜王蛇、 王企鹅、 宽沟对虾等. 4 (a) (in chess) the most important

piece （国际象棋的）王. =>illus at chess 见chess插图. (b) (in draughts) piece that

has been crowned on reaching the opponent's side of the board （国际跳棋的）王

棋（抵对方底线升为王的棋子）. (c) (in playing-cards) any of four cards with the picture

of a king on （纸牌中的）K: the king of spades 黑桃K. 5 (idm 习语) the

King's/Queen's English => English. a ,king's `ransom very large amount of money

重金; 巨款: That painting must be worth a king's ransom. 那幅画一定价值连城. turn

King's/Queen's evidence => evidence. the uncrowned king/queen => uncrowned.

kingly

adj of, like or suitable for a king; regal （似）国王的; 适於国王的; 威严的.

kingliness

n [U].

kingship

/ -FIp; -FIp/ n [U] condition of being, or official position of, a king 国王身分; 王

位; 王权.

kingmaker

n person who controls appointments to positions of high (esp political)

authority 操纵任命（尤指政界）要职的人.

kingpin

n 1 (engineering 工) vertical bolt used as a pivot 主销; 主螺栓. 2 (fig 比喻)

essential person or thing 主要的人或事物: He's the kingpin of the whole team. 他是

全队的主力.

king-size (also king-sized)

adj [esp attrib 尤作定语] larger than normal; extra large 比正常大的; 特大的: a

king-size bed, cigarette, hamburger 特大的床、 香烟、 汉堡包 * king-sized portions

特大份.

King's/Queen's Bench (abbrs 缩写 KB, QB)

(Brit law 律) division of the High Court of Justice （高等法院中的）王座法庭.

King's/Queen's Counsel (abbrs 缩写 KC, QC)

(Brit law 律) barrister appointed to act for the government 御用律师.

kingcup

/ 5kINkQp; `kIN9kQp/ n large variety of buttercup; marsh marigold 鳞茎毛莨;

驴蹄草.

kingdom

/ 5kINdEm; `kINdEm/ n 1 country or state ruled by a king or queen 王国: the

United Kingdom 英国. 2 any one of the three divisions of the natural world 界（大

自然的三大类别）: the animal, plant/vegetable and mineral kingdoms 动物、 植物、

矿物三界. 3 (fig 比喻) area belonging to or associated with a particular thing or

person 领域: the kingdom of the imagination 想像的领域 * the kingdom under the

waves, ie the sea 大海. 4 (idm 习语) till/until kingdom `come (infml 口) for ever

永久; 永远: Don't mention politics or we'll be here till kingdom come. 咱们别谈政治

吧, 否则一谈就没个完. to kingdom `come (infml 口) into the life after death 去天国:

gone to kingdom come, ie dead 上天国了（死了） * The bomb exploded and blew

them all to kingdom come. 炸弹爆炸把他们全都归天了.

kingfisher

/ 5kINfIFE(r); `kIN9fIFL/ n small brightly-coloured bird that dives to catch fish

in rivers, etc 翠鸟, 鱼狗（羽毛鲜艳、 能在河湖上潜水捕鱼的小鸟）. =>illus at App 1 见

附录1插图, page v.

kink

/ kINk; kINk/ n 1 sharp twist in sth that is normally straight, eg a wire, rope,

pipe, hair, etc 扭结（如铁丝、 绳索、 管子、 毛发等）. 2 (fig usu derog 比喻, 通常

作贬义) mental or moral peculiarity 乖僻; 奇想: He's got a few kinks in his

personality, if you ask me. 我认为他的个性有些怪僻.

kink

v [I, Tn, ] (cause sth to) form kinks （使某物）扭结: Keep the wire stretched

tight don't let it kink. 把铁丝拉紧, 别让它扭成结.

kinky

adj (infml derog 口, 贬) bizarre or abnormal, esp in sexual behaviour 变态的,

不正常的（尤指性行为）: There's lots of straight sex in the film, but nothing kinky. 那

部影片里有不少性行为镜头, 但是没有变态的.

kinkiness

n [U].

kinsfolk

=> kin.

kinsman

=> kin.

kinswoman

=> kin.

kiosk

/ 5ki:Csk; kI`Bsk/ n 1 small open structure where newspapers, refreshments,

etc are sold （出售报纸、 饮料等的）小摊棚, 售货亭. 2 (dated 旧 Brit) public

telephone box or booth 公用电话亭.

kip

/ kIp; kIp/ n [C usu sing, U 作可数名词时通常作单数, 亦作不可数名词] (Brit sl 俚)

sleep 睡觉: have a kip 睡一觉 * get some kip 睡会儿觉.

kip

v (-pp-) [I, Ipr, Ip] (Brit sl 俚) lie down to sleep 躺下睡觉: Could I kip here

tonight? 今晚我可以在这儿睡吗? * kip down (on the floor) （在地板上）躺下睡觉 * kip

out in a field 在田地里露宿.

kipper

/ 5kIpE(r); `kIpL/ n salted herring, split open and dried or smoked 腌晒或熏制的

鲱鱼.

Yom Kippur

/ 9jCm 5kIpE(r), 9jCm kI5pUE(r); 9jom`kIpL,9jomkI`pJr/ annual Jewish holiday

observed with fasting and prayers of penitence 赎罪日（一年一度的犹太人的节日, 於

此日禁食及作忏悔祈祷）.

kirk

/ k:k; k[k/ n (Scot 苏格兰) church 教堂: go to (the) kirk 上教堂去.

kirsch

/ kIEF; kILF/ n [U] colourless liqueur made from cherries （无色的）樱桃酒.

kismet

/ 5kIzmet, 5kIs-; `kIzmZt, `kIs-/ n [U] (rhet 修辞) destiny; fate 命运; 天命.

kiss

/ kIs; kIs/ v [I, Tn, ] 1 touch (sb/sth) with the lips to show affection or as a

greeting 吻（某人[某物]）: They kissed passionately when she arrived. 她一来到, 他

们就热烈亲吻. * kiss the children goodnight 吻孩子向他们道晚安 * She kissed him

on the lips. 她吻了吻他的双唇. 2 (idm 习语) kiss sth goodbye/kiss goodbye to sth

(sl 俚) accept the loss or failure of sth as certain 承认某事物的损失或失败已成定局:

You can kiss goodbye to a holiday this year we've no money! 今年你别指望度假了

--咱们没钱! 3 (phr v) kiss sth away remove sth with kisses 吻掉某物: Let mummy

kiss your tears away, ie help you to stop crying by kissing you. 让妈妈吻去你的眼泪.

kiss

n 1 touch or caress given with the lips 吻: give sb a kiss 给某人一吻. 2 (idm

习语) blow a kiss => blow1. the kiss of `death (infml esp joc 口, 尤作戏谑语)

apparently favourable action that makes failure certain 貌似有利却导致失败的行动:

one of those polite lukewarm reviews that are the kiss of death for a commercial

film 措辞温和有礼而其实是扼杀一营利影片的评论.

kissable

adj (approv 褒) inviting kisses 诱人亲吻的: kissable lips 撩人欲吻的唇 * Darling,

you look so kissable tonight. 亲爱的, 你今晚美得诱人欲吻.

kisser

n (sl 俚) mouth 嘴: a punch in the kisser 在嘴上的重击.

the kiss of life

mouth-to-mouth method of restoring breathing to save the life of sb injured

or rescued from drowning 口对口的人工呼吸: (fig 比喻) the Government's 2 million

kiss of life for the ailing cotton industry 政府为挽救气息奄奄的棉纺工业的200万英镑

应急款.

kit

/ kIt; kIt/ n 1 [U] clothing and personal equipment of a soldier, etc or a

traveller （士兵等或旅行者的）衣物和装备: They marched twenty miles in full kit. 他

们带著全副装备行军二十英里. 2 [C, U] equipment needed for a particular (esp

sporting) activity, situation or trade 为某种活动（尤指运动）、 场合或行业用的成套用

品: a `tool-kit 一套工具 * a first-`aid kit 一套急救用品 * a re`pair kit 一套修理工具 *

`shaving kit 刮脸用具 * `riding-kit 骑马装备 * `tennis kit 网球用具 * `sports kit 运动

用品. 3 [C] set of parts sold together to be assembled by the purchaser 配套元件

（供购买者装配的）: a kit to build a model railway locomotive 一套火车头模型拼具 *

[attrib 作定语] furniture in kit form 组合家具.

kit

v (-tt-) (phr v) kit sb out/up (with sth) equip sb 给某人装备: Kit this man out

with everything he needs. 他需要什麽就给他什麽装备. * He was all kitted out to go

skiing. 他已整装待发要去滑雪了.

kitbag

n long canvas bag in which soldiers, etc carry their kit 背色; 背袋; 行李袋.

kitchen

/ 5kItFIn; `kItFIn/ n 1 room or building in which meals are cooked or prepared

厨房: [attrib 作定语] the kitchen table 厨房用桌 * kitchen units, ie cupboards, etc

forming part of a fitted kitchen 厨房设备（如厨柜等）. 2 (idm 习语) everything but

the kitchen `sink (infml joc 口, 谑) every possible (movable) object 所有（能移动的）

物品: We always seem to take everything but the kitchen sink when we go on

holiday. 我们度假时好像总把一切能带的东西都带著.

kitchenette

/ 9kItFI5net; 9kItFIn`Zt/ n small room or part of a room used as a kitchen, eg in

a flat 小厨房; 房间里辟作厨事用的一角.

kitchen garden

garden or part of a garden where fruit and vegetables are grown 家庭菜园; 花

园中辟作种水果蔬菜的一角.

kitchen sink drama

type of British drama that attempts to show realistic working-class family life

（英国）工人阶级生活剧.

kite

/ kaIt; kaIt/ n 1 toy consisting of a light framework covered with paper, cloth,

etc that is flown in the wind at the end of a long string 风筝. 2 bird of prey of the

hawk family 鸢. 3 (idm 习语) fly a kite => fly2. fly a/one's kite => fly2.

kite-flying

n [U] 1 (sport of) flying kites in the wind 放风筝（的运动）. 2 (infml 口)

testing public reaction to sth by starting a rumour about it 放风声以试探舆论反应.

Kitemark

/ 5kaItmB:k; `kaIt9mBrk/ n (Brit) official mark, in the form of a kite, on goods

approved by the British Standards Institution 风筝标记（用在英国标准协会认可的商

品上, 形似风筝）.

kith

/ kIW; kIW/ n (idm 习语) kith and kin friends and relations 亲友.

kitsch

/ kItF; kItF/ n [U] (derog 贬) (a) cheap and showy vulgarity or pretentiousness

in art, design, etc （艺术、 设计等的）俗气、 矫饰等: That new lamp they've bought

is pure kitsch. 他们新买的那盏灯真俗气. (b) art, design, etc of this type 俗气的艺术、

设计等.

kitten

/ 5kItn; `kItn/ n 1 young cat 小猫. 2 (idm 习语) have `kittens (Brit infml 口)

be very anxious, tense, etc 焦虑; 烦躁: My mum'll have kittens if I'm not home by

midnight. 要是半夜我还不回家, 我妈妈一定很著急.

kittenish

adj playful like a kitten 小猫般淘气的; 顽皮的.

kitty

/ 5kItI; `kItI/ n 1 (in some card-games) pool of money to be played for （某些

牌戏中的）全部赌注. 2 (infml 口) any form of money for joint use, eg the savings of

a club 共同的资金（如俱乐部的储金）: We each put 2 in the kitty, and then sent John

to buy food for everybody. 我们每人凑2英镑, 让约翰去给大家买吃的.

kitty

/ 5kItI; `kItI/ n (infml 口) (used by or to young children 儿语) cat or kitten 小猫.

kiwi

/ 5ki:wi:; `kiwI/ n 1 New Zealand bird that cannot fly, with a long bill, short

wings and no tail 几维（产於新西兰的鸟, 喙长、 翼短、 无尾、 不能飞）. 2 Kiwi (infml

口) New Zealander, esp a soldier or member of a national sports team 新西兰人（尤

指士兵或国家运动员）.

kiwi fruit

small oval fruit with thin brown skin, soft green flesh and black seeds 猕猴桃.

KKK

/ 9keI keI 5keI; 9ke ke `ke/ abbr 缩写 = (US) Ku-Klux-Klan 三K党.

klaxon

/ 5klAksn; `klAksEn/ n (propr 专利名) powerful electric warning horn or siren

高音电喇叭或警报器.

Kleenex

/ 5kli:neks; `kli9nZks/ n [U, C] (pl unchanged or ~es 复数或不变或作 kleenexes)

(propr 专利名) (sheet of) soft paper tissue, used as a handkerchief, etc 纸巾: a

packet of Kleenex 一包纸巾.

kleptomania

/ 9kleptE5meInIE; 9klZptE`menIE/ n [U] illness that causes an uncontrollable

desire to steal things, often with no wish to possess the things stolen 偷窃狂; 盗窃

癖.

kleptomaniac

/ -nIAk; -nIAk/ n person suffering from kleptomania 患偷窃狂者; 有盗窃癖者.

adj [attrib 作定语]: kleptomaniac tendencies 患偷窃狂的; 有盗窃癖的.

km

abbr 缩写 = (pl unchanged or kms 复数或不变或作kms) kilometre(s): a 10 km

walk 步行10公里的路程 * distance to beach 2 kms 距海滨2公里.

kn

abbr 缩写 = (nautical 海) knot(s): 35 kn 35节.

knack

/ nAk; nAk/ n [sing] 1 skill at performing some special task; ability 技巧; 诀窍:

Making an omelette is easy once you've got the knack (of it). 一旦你掌握了煎蛋饼的

技巧, 做起来就很容易了. * There's a knack in/to locking this door which takes a

while to master. 锁这门要有窍门, 得用些时间才能学会. * I used to be able to skate

quite well, but I've lost the knack. 我从前滑水滑得很不错, 可现在没有这本事了. 2 ~

of doing sth (often annoying) habit of doing sth （常招人厌烦的）毛病, 习惯: My car

has a knack of breaking down just when I need it most. 我的汽车总是在我最需要的

时候抛锚.

knacker

/ 5nAkE(r); `nAkL/ n 1 person who buys and slaughters useless horses to sell

the meat and hides 购买并屠杀无用的马的人（为卖马肉和皮）. 2 person who buys

and breaks up old buildings, etc to sell the materials in them 收买并拆除旧建筑物等

以售其材料的人.

knacker's yard

knacker's place of business 上述两种人做生意的场所.

knacker

/ 5nAkE(r); `nAkL/ v [Tn] (Brit sl 俚) exhaust (sb); wear out 使（某人）筋疲力尽: All

this hard work is knackering me. 所有这些艰巨的工作把我累得筋疲力尽.

knackered

adj [esp pred 尤作表语] (Brit sl 俚) exhausted; worn out 筋疲力尽: I'm

completely knackered I ran all the way! 我累坏了--我是跑著来的!

knapsack

/ 5nApsAk; `nAp9sAk/ n (dated 旧) = rucksack.

knave

/ neIv; nev/ n 1 (fml 文) = jack1 4: the knave of hearts 红桃杰克. 2 (arch 古)

dishonest man; man without honour 不诚实的人; 不名誉的人.

knavery

/ 5neIvErI; `nevErI/ n [U] (arch 古) dishonesty; trickery 不诚实; 欺诈.

knavish

/ 5neIvIF; `nevIF/ adj (arch 古) deceitful 欺诈的.

knavishly

adv.

knave

/ neIv; nev/ n 1 (fml 文) = jack1 4: the knave of hearts 红桃杰克. 2 (arch 古)

dishonest man; man without honour 不诚实的人; 不名誉的人.

knavery

/ 5neIvErI; `nevErI/ n [U] (arch 古) dishonesty; trickery 不诚实; 欺诈.

knavish

/ 5neIvIF; `nevIF/ adj (arch 古) deceitful 欺诈的.

knavishly

adv.

knead

/ ni:d; nid/ v 1 [Tn, ] press and stretch (bread dough, wet clay, etc) with

the hands to form a firm smooth paste 揉, 捏（面团、 湿黏土等）: Knead the dough

(into a ball) 把面团揉成球形. 2 [Tn] massage (muscles, etc) firmly to relieve tension

or pain 按摩, 揉捏（肌肉等）.

knee

/ ni:; ni/ n 1 (a) joint between the thigh and lower part of the human leg;

corresponding joint in animals 膝; 膝盖. =>illus at human 见human插图. (b)

upper surface of a sitting person's thigh （人坐著时）大腿的朝上的面: sit on my knee

坐在我的腿上 * You'll have to eat your dinner off your knees, I'm afraid! 对不起, 这

顿饭你只好把餐具放在腿上吃了! 2 part of a garment covering the knee （裤子等的）

膝部: These trousers are torn at the knee. 这裤子的膝部破了. 3 (idm 习语) be/go

(down) on one's `knees kneel or be kneeling (down), esp when praying or to show

that one accepts defeat 跪下, 跪著（尤指祈祷或屈服时）. the bee's knees => bee1.

bring sb to his `knees force sb to submit 迫使某人屈服: (fig 比喻) The country was

almost brought to its knees by the long strike. 经长期罢工, 国家已濒临崩溃的边缘.

on bended knee => bend1. weak at the knees => weak.

knee

v (pt, pp kneed) [Tn, , Cn.a] strike or push with the knee 用膝盖顶或撞:

knee sb (in the groin) 用膝盖顶某人（的阴部） * knee the door open 用膝盖把门撞

开.

knee-breeches

n [pl] breeches reaching to or just below the knee （及膝或刚过膝的）短裤.

kneecap

n small bone covering the front of the knee joint 髌骨; 膝盖骨. =>illus at

skeleton 见skeleton插图. v (-pp-) [Tn] (of terrorist groups) lame (sb) by breaking

the kneecaps, esp by shooting at them （指恐怖集团）击碎（某人）的膝盖骨（尤指

枪击）.

kneecapping

n [C, U] (instance of) this practice 击碎膝盖骨.

knee-deep

adj 1 deep enough to reach the knees 深及膝的: the snow was knee-deep in

places. 有些地方雪深及膝. 2 ~ in sth (fig 比喻) deeply involved in or very busy

with sth 深陷其中; 忙於某事: be knee-deep in trouble, work 烦恼、 工作缠身. adv:

He went knee-deep in the icy water. 他在及膝深的冰冷的水中跋涉.

knee-high

adj 1 high enough to reach the knees 及膝高的: ,knee-high `grass 及膝高的草.

2 (idm 习语) knee-high to a `grasshopper (joc 谑) still just a very small child 还是

很小的孩子: I've known him since he was knee-high to a grasshopper. 他很小的时候

我就认识他了.

knee-jerk

n 1 involuntary jerk of the leg when a tendon below the knee is struck 膝反射.

2 [attrib 作定语] (fig derog 比喻, 贬) done or produced automaticallyand without

thought 自动的; 不经思考而做的: a knee-jerk reaction to the mention of

Communism 一提共产主义就不加思索做出的反应.

knee-length

adj long enough to reach the knee 长及膝部的: a knee-length skirt 长及膝部的

裙子.

knees-up

n (Brit infml 口) lively party, usu with dancing 活跃的集会（通常有跳舞项目）.

kneel

/ ni:l; nil/ v (pt, pp knelt / nelt; nZlt/ or esp US kneeled) =>Usage at dream 用

法见dream. [I, Ipr, Ip] ~ (down) go down on one or both knees; rest on the knee(s)

单膝或双膝跪下; 屈膝: She knelt in prayer. 她跪下祈祷. * kneel down (on the grass)

to examine a flower （在草地上）跪下细看一朵花.

knell

/ nel; nZl/ n (usu sing 通常作单数) 1 sound of a bell rung slowly after a death

or at a funeral 丧钟声. 2 (fig rhet 比喻, 修辞) sign that sth has ended for ever 某

事物结束的徵兆: It sounded the (death-)knell of all her hopes. 那事听起来就像是给她

的一切希望敲起了丧钟.

knew

pt of know.

knick-knack (also nick-nack)

/ 5nIk nAk; `nIk9nAk/ n (esp pl 尤作复数) (sometimes derog 有时作贬义) small

ornamental article, usu of little value 小饰物; 小玩意儿.

knickerbockers

/ 5nIkEbCkEz; `nIkL9bBkLz/ (US knickers / 5nIkEz; `nIkAz/) n [pl] (esp formerly)

loose wide breeches gathered just below the knee （尤指旧时）灯笼裤.

knickers

/ 5nIkEz; `nIkLz/ n [pl] 1 (Brit) woman's or girl's underpants （女用）内裤: a pair

of knickers 一条女用内裤. 2 (US) = knickerbockers. 3 (idm 习语) get one's

`knickers in a twist (Brit sl 俚) become angry, confused, nervous, etc; react to sth

more strongly than is necessary 恼火、 困惑、 紧张等; 对某事物反应过激.

knife

/ naIf; naIf/ n (pl knives / naIvz; naIvz/) 1 sharp blade with a handle, used for

cutting or as a weapon 刀: a `table-knife 餐刀 * a `carving-knife 切熟肉的刀 * a

`paper-knife 裁纸刀 * He'd been stabbed four times with a kitchen knife. 有人用菜

刀捅了他四刀. 2 cutting blade in a machine or tool （机器或工具的）刀. 3 (idm 习

语) you could ,cut it with a `knife (infml 口) it was very obvious or heavy 很明显; 很

突出; 浓重: His accent is so thick you could cut it with a knife I can hardly

understand a word he says. 他的口音很重--我简直一个字都听不懂. get one's knife

into sb/have one's knife in sb try to harm sb spitefully (not usu physically) 欲加害某

人（通常指非肉体的伤害）. like a knife through butter easily; without meeting any

resistance or difficulty 容易; 遇不到抵抗或困难: The power saw sliced the logs like a

knife through butter. 电锯轻而易举就把原木锯成薄板了. * His strong voice cut

through the hum of conversation like a knife through butter. 他那宏亮 有力的声音

一下子压倒了嗡嗡的谈话声. under the `knife (dated or joc 旧或谑) having surgery 在

动手术.

knife

v [Tn, ] cut or stab (sb) with a knife 用刀切割或刺（某人）: The victim had

been knifed (in the chest). 受害人（於胸部）中刀.

knife-edge

n (usu sing 通常作单数) 1 cutting edge of the blade of a knife 刀刃. 2 (idm

习语) on a knife-edge (a) (of a person) nervous (about the outcome of sth) （指人）

（对某事物的结果）十分焦虑: He's on a knife-edge about his exam results. 他对考试

成绩十分担心. (b) (of a situation, etc) at a critical point （指情况等）处於紧要关头: The

success of the project is still very much on a knife-edge. 这一项目的成败目前仍处於

关键时刻.

knight

/ naIt; naIt/ n 1 (abbr 缩写 Kt) man to whom the sovereign has given a rank

of honour, lower than that of baronet, having the title `Sir' used before the first

name, with or without the surname 爵士（低於准男爵的等级, 其名前冠以Sir, 带不带

姓均可）: Sir James Hill (Kt) 詹姆斯·希尔爵士 * Good morning, Sir James. 早上好, 詹

姆斯爵士. 2 (in the Middle Ages) man raised to honourable military rank, serving

as a heavily armed horseman （中古时代的）骑士. 3 (abbr 缩写 Kt) chess piece, usu

shaped like a horse's head （国际象棋的）马. =>illus at chess 见chess插图.

knight

v [esp passive 尤用於被动语态: Tn, ] make (sb) a knight 封（某人）为爵士: He

was knighted in the last Honours List (for services to industry). 他对工业界有贡献被

封为爵士, 列入最新受勋者名册.

knighthood

/ -hUd; -hJd/ n 1 [C] title and rank of a knight 爵士或骑士的称号和身分: The

Queen conferred a knighthood on him. 女王授予他爵士称号. 2 [U] rank, character

or dignity of a knight 爵士或骑士的身分、 品德或尊严: Knighthood was an ideal in

medieval Europe. 在中世纪的欧洲, 能获封爵士即是登峰造极了.

knightly

adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] (fml 文) of or like a knight; chivalrous （似）骑士或

爵士的; 侠义的: knightly qualities, virtues, etc 骑士的气概、 美德等.

knight errant (pl knights errant)

medieval knight who wandered in search of adventure （中世纪的）游侠骑士.

knit

/ nIt; nIt/ v (-tt-, pt, pp knitted; in sense 3, usu 用於下述第三义时通常作knit) 1

[I, Tn, Dn.n, ] ~ sth (for sb) make (a garment or fabric) by forming wool, silk,

etc yarn into connecting loops, either by hand (using long needles) or on a

machine 编织, 针织（衣物等）: Do you know how to knit? 你会织毛活儿吗? * She

knitted her son a sweater. 她给儿子织了一件毛衣. 2 [I, Tn] (in knitting instructions)

make a plain (ie not a purl) stitch （编织法中）织（平针）: knit one, purl one 织一

正针、 一反针. 3 [I, Ip, Tn, Tn.p] ~ (sth) (together)(cause sth to) join or grow firmly

together （使某物）连接或牢固地长在一起: The broken bones have knit (together)

well. 断骨已愈合良好. * a well-knit frame, ie a compact sturdy body 结实的体格 *

(fig 比喻) a closely-knit argument 严密的论据 * (fig 比喻) The two groups are knit

together by common interests. 这两集团因有共同利益而联合在一起. 4 (idm 习语)

knit one's `brow(s) frown 皱眉.

knitter

n person who knits 编织者.

knitting

n [U] material that is being knitted 编织物: Oh dear, I've left my knitting on the

bus! 哎呀, 我把毛活儿落在公共汽车上了!

knitting-machine

n machine that knits 编织机; 针织机.

knitting-needle

n long thin pointed rod used esp in pairs for knitting by hand 织针; （尤指）编

结针.

knitwear

n [U] knitted garments 针织衣服: [attrib 作定语] a knitwear factory 针织厂.

knob

/ nCb; nBb/ n 1 (a) round handle (of a door, drawer, etc) （门、 抽屉等的）圆

形拉手. (b) round control button (for adjusting a radio, TV, etc) （收音机、 电视机等

的）旋钮. 2 round lump on the surface of sth, eg a tree trunk 结节, 瘤, 疙瘩（如树

干上的）. 3 small lump (of butter, coal, etc) （黄油、 煤等的）小块. 4 (idm 习语) with

knobs on (Brit sl 俚) (used to indicate the return of an insult, or emphatic

agreement 用以表示反唇相讥或强调同意): `You're a selfish pig!' `And the same to

you, with knobs on!' ｀自私鬼!＇｀你才是呢, 你是双料的!＇

knobbly

/ 5nCblI; `nBblI/ adj having many small hard lumps on 多结节的; 多疙瘩的:

knobbly knees 长著很多结节的膝盖.

knock

/ nCk; nBk/ n 1 (sound of a) sharp blow 短促的敲或打（的声音）: Did I hear a

knock at the door? 是有人敲门吗? * If you're not up by eight o'clock I'll give you a

knock, ie wake you by knocking at your door. 要是八点钟你还不起床, 我就来敲你的

门. * She fell off her bike and got a nasty knock. 她从自行车上摔下来, 摔得很重. * In

football you have to get used to hard knocks. 踢足球就得经得起碰撞. 2 (in an

engine) sound of knocking (knock2 2) （发动机的）爆震声: What's that knock I can

hear? 我听到发动机有爆震声是怎麽回事啊? 3 (infml 口) (in cricket) innings （板球

的）一局: That was a good knock: 86 not out. 那局真漂亮, 打了86分还未出局. 4

(idm 习语) take a `knock (infml 口) suffer a financial or an emotional blow 蒙受经

济或感情上的打击: She took a bad knock when her husband died. 她丈夫一死她受到

沉重的打击.

knock

/ nCk; nBk/ v 1 [Tn, ] strike (sth) with a sharp blow 敲, 打（某物）: Mind

you don't knock your head (on this low beam). 小心, 别（让这根低梁）撞著头. 2 [I,

Ipr] make a noise by striking sth 敲击某物出声: knock three times (at the door, on

the window, etc) 敲三下（门、 窗等）. =>Usage at bang1 用法见bang1. 3 (a) [Cn.a,

Cn.g] cause (sb/sth) to be in a certain state or position by striking (him/it) 将（某人

[某物]）击成某状态: The fall knocked me senseless. 那一跤 得我失去了知觉. * He

knocked me flat with one punch. 他一拳把我击倒了. * He knocked my drink flying.

他打翻了我的饮料. (b) [] make (sth) by striking 敲击成某物: knock a hole in the

wall 在墙上凿个洞. 4 [I] (of a faulty petrol engine) make a tapping or thumping

noise （指有故障的汽油发动机）发出爆震声. 5 [Tn] (infml 口) say critical or insulting

things about (sb/sth) 批评, 数落, 非难（某人[某事物]）: The newspapers are too fond

of knocking the England team. 报纸专门爱挖苦英格兰队. * He's always knocking the

way I do things. 他总是挑剔我做得不对. 6 (idm 习语) beat/knock the daylights out

of sb => daylights. beat/knock hell out of sb/sth => hell. get/knock sb/sth into

shape => shape1. hit/knock sb for six => hit1. knock sb's `block/`head off (sl 俚)

(used esp when threatening sb 尤用於威胁某人) strike sb in anger 狠打某人: Call

me that again and I'll knock your block off! 你再那麽叫我, 我就揍你! knock the

bottom out of sth cause sth to collapse 使某事物垮台: It knocked the bottom out of

the coffee market, ie caused the price of coffee to fall sharply. 这一来咖啡的市场价

格暴跌. * She knocked the bottom out of our argument. 她把我们的论点驳得体无完

肤. knock your/their `heads together (infml 口) force people to stop quarrelling

and behave sensibly 强力使人不再争吵而恢复理智: I often feel that politicians

should have their heads knocked together, like naughty children 我时常觉得应该像

教训淘气孩子那样让政治家停止争吵. knock sb/sth into a cocked `hat defeat or

outclass sb/sth 挫败或超过某人[某事物]: A true professional could knock my efforts

into a cocked hat. 遇上真正行家我的工作就相形见绌了. knock it `off (sl 俚) (esp

imperative 尤用於祈使句) stop a noise, an argument, etc 别吵了、 别争了: Knock it

off, kids, I'm trying to sleep! 孩子们, 别闹了, 我要睡觉了! knock sb off his

`pedestal/perch (infml 口) defeat sb; show that sb is no longer best at sth 击败某人;

显示某人不再首屈一指. knock sb `sideways (infml 口) defeat sb; astonish sb 击败某

人; 使某人惊讶. knock `spots off sb/sth (infml 口) be much better than sb/sth 远胜

於某人[某事物]: In learning foreign languages, the girls knock spots off the boys

every time. 学习外语女孩总是比男孩强. knock the stuffing out of sb (infml 口) make

sb feeble, weak or demoralized 使某人衰弱或泄气: His failure in the exam has

knocked all the stuffing out of him. 他考试未及格便一蹶不振. knock them in the

`aisles (infml 口) (of a theatre performance, etc) be very successful with the

audience （指戏剧演出等）大受观众欢迎. you could have knocked me down with a

`feather (infml 口) (used esp as an exclamation 尤用作感叹语) I was amazed 我很惊

奇. 7 (phr v) knock about (...) (infml 口) lead an unsettled life, travelling and living

in various places 漫游; 流浪: spend a few years knocking about (in) Europe 在欧洲

各地游历了几年. knock about with sb/together (infml 口) be often in sb's/each

other's company 经常和某人作伴[互相在一起]. knock sb/sth about (infml 口) hit

sb/sth repeatedly; treat sb/sth roughly 反覆打击或粗暴对待某人[某事物]: She gets

knocked about by her husband. 她常受丈夫虐待. * The car's been knocked about a

bit, but it still goes. 汽车虽然受到多次碰撞, 但仍能开.

knock sth back

(infml 口) drink sth quickly 很快喝掉某物: knock back a pint of beer 很快喝完一

品脱啤酒.

knock sb down

strike sb to the ground or the floor 将某人击倒或撞倒在地上: She was knocked

down by a bus. 她被公共汽车撞倒了. * He knocked his opponent down three times

in the first round. 在第一回合中他把对手击倒了三次. knock sth down demolish sth

拆除某物: These old houses are going to be knocked down. 这些旧房子将予拆除.

knock sth down (to sb) (infml 口) (at an auction sale) sell sth (to a bidder) （拍卖时）

卖出某物（给出价人）: The painting was knocked down (to an American dealer) for

5000. 那幅画拍卖时以5000英镑售出（给一个美国商人）. knock sth/sb down (force sb

to) reduce (a price or charge) （迫使某人）减（价或费用）: I managed to knock his

price/him down (from 500 to 450). 我设法压了他的价（从500英镑减到450英镑）.

knock sth in; knock sth into sth

make sth enter sth by striking it 将某物打进另一物: knock in a few nails 钉进几

颗钉子.

knock off (sth)

(infml 口) stop doing sth (esp work) 停止做某事（尤指工作）: What time do you

knock off (work)? 你什麽时候下班? knock sb off (sl 俚) murder sb 谋杀某人. knock

sth off (a) deduct sth from a price or charge 减价; 杀价: It cost me 10 but I'll knock

off 20% as it's no longer new. 那是我花10英镑买的, 因为已经旧了我减价20%. (b)

(infml 口) complete sth quickly 迅速完成某事物: knock off two whole chapters in an

hour 一小时就完成整整两章. (c) (sl 俚) steal (from) sth 偷盗某物; 抢劫某物: knock off

some watches from a shop 从商店偷走几块手表 * knock off a bank 抢劫银行. knock

sth off (sth) remove sth by striking it 打掉某物: knock sb's glass off the table 把某人

的玻璃杯从桌上碰掉.

knock (sth) on

(in Rugby football) illegally knock (the ball) forward with the hands （英式橄榄

球）违例用手向前击（球）: He accidentally knocked on (the pass from Jones). 他非

故意犯规, 用手向前击了（从琼斯传来的）球.

knock sb out

(a) (in boxing) strike (an opponent) so that he cannot rise or continue in a

specified time and so loses the fight （拳击）击倒（对手）（获胜）. (b) make sb

unconscious by means of a blow, alcoholic drink, etc 击昏或灌醉某人: Don't drink

too much of this it'll knock you out! 这种酒别喝太多--喝多了就醉了! (c) (infml 口)

overwhelm or astonish sb 使某人经受不了或极为震惊: The film just knocked me out

it's the best thing I've ever seen. 这电影好得不得了--是我看过的最好的一部. knock

sb/oneself out make sb/oneself exhausted, ill, etc 使某人[自己]筋疲力尽、 病倒等:

She's knocking herself out with all that work. 她做的工作把她累得筋疲力尽. knock

sb out (of sth) eliminate sb (from a competition) by defeating him 淘汰某人: France

knocked Belgium out (of the European Cup). 法国队将比利时队淘汰（出欧洲杯足球

赛）了. knock sth out (on sth) empty (a tobacco pipe) by knocking it (against sth) 倒

净（烟斗）.

knock sb/sth over

upset sb/sth by striking him/it 撞倒某人[某物]: You've knocked over my drink!

你把我的饮料打翻了!

knock sth together

make or complete sth quickly and often not very well 匆匆做完某事物: knock

bookshelves together from old planks 用旧木板匆匆钉成书架 * knock a few scenes

together to make a play 草草将几幕拼凑成一个话剧.

knock up

(in tennis, badminton, etc) practise hitting the ball before the start of a match

（网球、 羽毛球等）赛前练球. knock sb up (a) (Brit infml 口) awaken sb by knocking

on his door, etc （敲门、 窗等）叫醒某人: Would you please knock me up at 7 o'clock?

请7点钟敲门把我叫醒行吗? (b) ( sl 讳, 俚 esp US) make (a woman) pregnant 使

（女子）怀孕. knock sth up (a) prepare or make sth quickly and without much

planning 匆匆准备或做某事物: Even though they weren't expecting us, they

managed to knock up a marvellous meal. 他们虽然没想到我们要来, 但还是设法匆匆

做好一顿丰盛的饭. (b) (in cricket) score (runs) （板球）得（分）: knock up a quick fifty

击球後速跑得50分.

knockabout

adj (esp of a theatrical performance) rough and boisterous in a funny way;

slapstick （尤指戏剧演出）粗俗滑稽的, 打闹的: knockabout humour/comedy/farce 胡

闹的幽默[喜剧/闹剧].

knock-down

adj [attrib 作定语] (a) (of prices) very low （指价格）低廉的. (b) (of furniture) easy

to dismantle and reassemble （指家具）易於拆装的.

knock-kneed

adj having legs abnormally curved so that the knees touch when standing or

walking 膝外翻的.

knock-on

n (in Rugby football) act of knocking the ball on （英式橄榄球）违例用手向前击

球. knock-on effect indirect result of an action 间接结果: The closure of the car

factory had a knock-on effect on the tyre manufacturers. 汽车厂关闭後, 轮胎制造商

受到间接的影响.

knock-out

n 1 blow that knocks a boxer out 将对方击倒而获胜的一击: He has won most

of his fights by knock-outs. 他在拳赛中多以击倒对方获胜. * [attrib 作定语] a

knock-out punch 将对手击倒的一拳. 2 [attrib 作定语] (of a drug) causing sleep or

unconsciousness （指药）引起昏迷的: knock-out drops/pills 麻醉滴剂[丸剂]. 3

competition in which the loser of each successive round is eliminated 淘汰赛:

[attrib 作定语] a knock-outtournament 淘汰赛. 4 (infml 口) outstandingly

impressiveperson or thing 引人注目的人或物: She's an absolute knock-out, ie very

beautiful. 她漂亮极了. * [attrib 作定语] a knock-out idea 绝妙的主意.

knock-up

n [sing] (in tennis, badminton, etc) period of practice before a match （网球、 羽

毛球等的）赛前练球: have a quick knock-up 用很短的时间练球.

knocker

/ 5nCkE(r); `nBkL/ n 1 [C] hinged metal hammer attached to a door, used for

knocking by sb outside who wants the door to be opened 门环. =>illus at App 1

见附录1插图, page vi. 2 [C] (infml 口) person who constantly criticizes 一味批评的

人; 吹毛求疵的人. 3 knockers [pl] ( Brit sl sexist 讳, 俚, 性别偏见) woman's

breasts 女子的乳房: a nice pair of knockers 一对漂亮的乳房.

knoll

/ nEUl; nol/ n small round hill or mound 小圆丘; 小土墩.

Gordian knot

/ 5gR:dIEn 5nCt; 9^RrdIEn `nBt/ n 1 difficult or seemingly impossible

problem or task 戈尔迪之结（棘手的问题或艰巨的任务）. 2 (idm 习语) cut the

Gordian `knot solve a problem by forcefully direct but unorthodox methods 用快

刀斩乱麻的方式解决问题.

knot

/ nCt; nBt/ n 1 fastening made by tying a piece or pieces of string, rope, etc

（绳索等的）结: make a knot at the end of the rope 在绳头上打个结 * tie the two

ropes together with a secure knot 打个结实的结把这两条绳系在一起. =>illus 见插图.

2 ornament or decoration made of ribbon, etc twisted and tied （用丝带等打成的）

装饰性花结. 3 tangle; twistedpiece 扭结; 纠结: comb a knot out of one's hair 梳个

发髻. 4 hard round spot in timber where a branch used to join the trunk or

another branch （木材上的）结节, 节瘤. =>illus at grain 见grain插图. 5 small

gathering (of people or things) （人或物的）小群, 小簇: a knot of people arguing

outside the pub 在酒店外争论著的一小群人. 6 (idm 习语) cut the Gordian knot =>

Gordian knot. tie sb/oneself in knots => tie2. tie the knot => tie2.

knot

v (-tt-) 1 [I, Tn, Tn.p] (cause sth to) form knots （使某物）打结, 缠结: My hair

knots easily. 我的头发爱打结. * knot two ropes together 把两条绳子系在一起. 2 [Tn]

fasten (sth) with a knot or knots 打结系牢（某物）: knot one's tie loosely 打个很松

的领结. 3 (idm 习语) get `knotted (Brit sl 俚) (used to express contempt,

annoyance, etc 用以表示轻蔑、 恼怒等): If he asks you for money again just tell him

to get knotted. 要是他再向你要钱, 乾脆叫他滚.

knotty

adj (-ier, -iest) 1 (of timber) full of knots （指木材）多结节的, 多节瘤的. 2

puzzling; difficult 棘手的; 困难的: a knotty problem, question, etc 难以解决的疑难、

问题等.

knot-hole

n hole in a piece of timber where a knot1(4) has fallen out （木材上的）节孔（节

结脱落形成的空洞）.

knot

/ nCt; nBt/ n (usu pl 通常作复数) (nautical 海) 1 unit of speed (one nautical

mile per hour) used by ships and aircraft 节（速度单位, 为每小时一海里, 用以测船和

飞行器的航速）. =>App 5 见附录5. 2 (idm 习语) at a rate of knots => rate.

know

/ nEU; no/ v (pt knew / nju:; ?@ nu:; nu/, pp known / nEUn; non/) 1 (a) [I, Tn, Tf,

Tw, Tt, Cn.t] have (sth) in one's mind or memory as a result of experience or

learning or information 知道, 懂得, 了解（某事物）: I'm not guessing I know! 我不

是猜想--我知道! * She doesn't know your address. 她不知道你的地址. * Every child

knows (that) two and two make four. 孩子都知道二加二等於四. * I knew where he

was hiding. 我知道他躲在什麽地方. * Do you know who Napoleon was? 你知道拿破

仑是谁吗? * Does he know to come here (ie that he should come here) first? 他知道

要先到这里来吗? * We knew her to be honest. 我们知道她很诚实. (b) [Tnt, Tni] (only

in the past and perfect tenses 只用於过去时态和完成时态) have seen, heard, etc 见

过、 听过等: I've never known it (to) snow in July before. 我从未听说过有七月下雪的

事. * He's sometimes been known to sit there all day. 有时能见到他整天坐在那里. 2

[Tf] feel certain 确知; 确信: I know (that) it's here somewhere it must be! 我肯定是

在这里的什麽地方--没错! 3 (a) [Tn] be acquainted with (sb) 认识（某人）: Do you

know Bob Hill? ie Have you met him, talked with him, etc? 你认识鲍勃·希尔吗? * I

know him by sight, but not to talk to, ie I have seen him but never spoken to him.

我见过他, 但没跟他说过话. * We've known each other since we were children. 我们

从小就认识. (b) [Tn, Cn.n/a] ~ sth (as sth) be familiar with (a place) 熟悉（某地）: I

know Paris better than Rome. 我对巴黎比对罗马熟悉. * I know London as the place

where I spent my childhood. 我熟悉伦敦, 那是我度过童年的地方. 4 [Cn.n/a often

passive 常用於被动语态] ~ sb/sth as sth regard sb/sth as (being) sth 认定某人[某事

物]为某事物: It's known as the most dangerous part of the city. 那地方都知道是市内

最危险的地段. * We know John Smith as a fine lawyer and a good friend. 我们认为约

翰·史密斯是一位很好的律师和朋友. 5 [Cn.n/a usu passive 通常用於被动语态] ~

sb/sth as sth call, nickname or label sb/sth as sth 将某人[某事物]称为、 起绰号叫作

或标明为某事物: a heavyweight boxer known as `The Greatest' 一名被称为｀大力士＇

的重量级拳击手 * This area is known as the `Cornish Riviera'. 这地区称为｀康沃尔郡

度假胜地＇. 6 [Tn, ] ~ sb/sth (from sb/sth) be able to distinguish (one person

or thing) from another; recognize 能区分, 辨别, 认出（人或物）: She knows a bargain

when she sees one. 她有辨别便宜货的能力. * know right from wrong 分辨是非 * I

met so many people at the party that I wouldn't know half of them again. 我在聚会

上见到很多人, 再见到连一半也未必能认出. 7 [Tn, Tw] understand and be able to use

(a language, skill, etc) 会, 掌握（某语言、 技巧等）: know Japanese 会日语 * know

how to swim 会游泳. 8 [Tn] have personal experience of (sth) 有（某事物）的亲身

经历或体验: a man who has known both poverty and riches 经历过贫富生活的男子.

9 (idm 习语) be,fore one ,knows where one `is very quickly or suddenly 迅速地; 突

然地: We were whisked off in a taxi before we knew where we were. 我们还未明白是

在哪里, 就被计程车载走了. be known to sb be familiar to sb 为某人所熟知: He's

known to the police, ie has a criminal record. 警方很熟悉他（曾犯案）. better the

devil you know => all one knows considering how little one knows 据

自己所知; 说不定: For all I know he could be dead. 说不定他已经死了. for

reasons/some reason best known to oneself => reason. God/goodness/Heaven

knows (a) I don't know 我不知道: God knows what's happened to them. 谁知道他们

怎麽了. (b) certainly; emphatically 确实; 的确: She ought to succeed; goodness

knows she tries hard enough. 她应能成功, 她确实够努力的. have/know all the

answers (infml esp derog 口, 尤作贬义) (seem to) be cleverer and better-informed

than other people （好像）什麽都知道; 比别人精明. have/know sth off pat => pat1.

know sth as well as `I/`you do understand sth perfectly well 对某事物很清楚: You

know as well as I do that you're being unreasonable. 你很清楚你不讲理. know sth

`backwards (infml 口) be thoroughly familiar with sth 极熟悉某事物: You've read

that book so many times you must know it backwards by now! 那本书你读了很多遍,

现在一定能倒背如流了! know `best know what should be done, etc better than other

people 最知就里; 最在行: The doctor told you to stay in bed, and he knows best. 医

生叫你卧床休息, 他最清楚. know better (than that/than to do sth) be wise or

sensible (enough not to do it) 明白事理而不至於（做某事）: You ought to know better

(than to trust her). 你应当明白（她这人不能相信）. know sb by sight recognize who sb

is without knowing him as a personal friend 面熟. know `different/`otherwise

(infml 口) have information or evidence to the contrary 知道相反的情况; 有证据表

明情况相反: He says he was at the cinema, but I know different. 他说他那时在看电影,

可是我知道不是那麽回事. know how many beans make five be shrewd and sensible

in practical matters 精明; 在行. know sth inside `out/like the back of one's `hand

(infml 口) be thoroughly familiar with a place, subject, etc 了如指掌; 了解透彻: He's

a taxi driver, so he knows London like the back of his hand. 他是计程车司机, 对伦敦

市的街道了如指掌. know no `bounds (fml 文) be very great or too great 无限: When

she heard the news her fury knew no bounds. 她听到这个消息, 顿时怒不可遏. know

one's `onions/`stuff (infml 口) be good at one's work, etc 了解本行; 精通业务. know

one's own `mind know what one wants or intends 有自己的想法; 有决断. know the

`score (infml 口) understand the true state of affairs 知道事情真相; 深通世故. know

a thing or two (about sb/sth) (infml 口) know a lot (about sb/sth) （对某人[某事物]）

很了解: She's been married five times, so she should know a thing or two about

men. 她已结过五次婚, 对男人应有所了解了. know sb through and `through

understand sb perfectly 完全了解某人. know one's way around be familiar with a

place, subject, procedure, etc; be capable and well-informed 熟悉某处、 某事、 手

续等; 有阅历; 了解情况. know what it is/what it's like (to be/do sth) have personal

experience (of being/doing sth) 有做某事物的经历: Many famous people have

known what it is to be poor. 很多名人都领略过贫穷是什麽滋味. know what one's

`talking about (infml 口) speak from experience 作经验谈. know what's `what

(infml 口) understand the important facts, rules of behaviour, etc in a particular

situation 内行; 精明; 有头脑: You're old enough now to know what's what. 你已经

不小了, 应该知道好歹了. know which side one's `bread is buttered (infml saying 口,

谚) know where one's interests lie or what will be to one's advantage 知道自己利益

所在; 善於为个人打算. let sb `know inform sb about sth 让某人知道某事物: I don't

know if I can come yet, but I'll let you know tomorrow. 我说不上是否能来, 可是我明

天能告诉你. make oneself known to sb introduce oneself to sb 向某人作自我介绍:

There's our host; you'd better make yourself known to him. 那位是我们的主人, 你最

好向他自我介绍一下. not know any `better not behave well, through lack of

experience, bad upbringing, etc （因无教养或无经验）表现不好: Don't blame the

children for their bad manners they don't know any better. 不要责怪孩子们没规矩

--他们还不懂. not know one's ,arse from one's `elbow ( sl derog 讳, 俚, 贬) be

totally ignorant, stupid or inefficient 一窍不通; 愚蠢; 无能. not know the first thing

about sb/sth/doing sth know nothing at all about sb/sth/doing sth 对某人[某事物]

一无所知: I'm afraid I don't know the first thing about gardening. 很遗憾, 我对园艺

一无所知. not know sb from `Adam (infml 口) not know at all who sb is 完全不认识

某人. not know what `hit one (a) be suddenly injured or killed 突遭伤害; 突受杀害:

The bus was moving so fast she never knew what hit her. 公共汽车开得很快, 突然把

她撞了. (b) (infml fig 口, 比喻) be amazed or confused 大为惊奇; 迷惑不解: The first

time I heard their music I didn't know what had hit me. 我初次听他们的音乐时大为

惊奇. not know where/which way to look (infml 口) be embarrassed, awkwardly

self-conscious, etc 尴尬; 难堪; 难为情: When he started undressing in public I

didn't know where to look. 他在大庭广众之下脱衣服, 我感到很难为情. not want to

know => want1. old enough to know better => old. show sb/know/learn the ropes

=> rope. see/know better days => better1. tell/know A and B apart => apart.

that's what I'd like to know => like2. there's no `knowing it's difficult or impossible

to know 难以逆料; 无法知道: There's absolutely no knowing how he'll react. 他怎样

反应很难逆料. (well) what do you `know (about `that)? (infml 口 esp US) (used to

express surprise on hearing news, etc 用以表示听到消息等时感到惊讶) you know

(infml 口) (a) (used when reminding sb of sth 用以提醒某人): Guess who I've just

seen? Marcia! You know Jim's ex-wife! 你猜刚才我看见谁了? 玛西娅! 你知道吗, 就

是吉姆的前妻呀! (b) (used as an almost meaningless expression when the speaker is

thinking what to say next 用於说话时思索中作口头语, 无甚意义): `I was feeling a bit

bored, you know, ' ｀我当时有点厌烦了, 你知道吗, 所以...＇ you know

something/what? (infml 口) (used to introduce an item of news, expression of

opinion, etc 用以提到一项新消息、 表达看法等): You know something? Cathy and

Tim are engaged. 你听说了吗? 卡西和蒂姆订婚了. you never know you cannot be

certain 很难说; 事难逆料: `It's sure to rain tomorrow.' `Oh, you never know, it could

be a lovely day.' ｀明天准下雨.＇｀哦, 很难说, 也可能是个好天.＇ * You should keep

those old jam jars you never know when you might need them. 这些旧果酱瓶子应

当留一留, 说不定什麽时候会用得著. 10 (phr v) know about sth have knowledge of

sth; be aware of sth 了解或知道某事物: Not much is known about his background.

他的背景所知不多. * Do you know about Jack getting arrested? 你知道杰克遭逮捕了

吗? know of sb/sth have information about or experience of sb/sth 知道某人[某事

物]的情况: `Isn't tomorrow a holiday?' `Not that I know of (ie Not as far as I am

aware).' ｀明天是假日吧?＇｀据我所知不是.＇ * Do you know of any way to stop a

person snoring? 你知道有什麽方法可以制止打呼噜吗? * I don't know him personally,

though I know `of him. 我并不认识他, 但我听说过他.

know

n (idm 习语) in the `know (infml 口) (of a person) having information not

possessed by others; well informed （指人）知情的, 消息灵通的.

know-all

n (infml derog 口, 贬) person who behaves as if he knows everything 自以为无

所不知的人: one of those young know-alls fresh from university 大学刚毕业的一个小

小的万事通.

know-how

n [U] (infml 口) practical (contrasted with theoretical) knowledge or skill in an

activity 实践知识或技术; 本事; 技能.

knowing

/ 5nEUIN; `noIN/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] 1 showing or suggesting that

one has information which is secret or not known to others （对别人不知道的秘密）

知悉的, 心照不宣的: a knowing look, glance, expression, etc 显出了解内情的样子、 眼

光、 表情等. 2 shrewd; cunning 世故的; 狡猾的: She's a bit too knowing for me to

feel relaxed with her. 她很有点世故, 和她相处我觉得不自在.

knowingly

adv 1 intentionally 故意地; 蓄意地: It appears that what I said was untrue, but

I did not knowingly lie to you. 看来我说错了, 但是我并非故意向你撒谎. 2 in a

knowing(1) manner 知悉地; 心照不宣地: He winked at her knowingly. 他会心地向她

眨了眨眼.

knowledge

/ 5nClIdV; `nBlIdV/ n 1 [U] understanding 了解; 理解: A baby has no

knowledge of good and evil. 小孩儿不解善恶. 2 [U, sing] all that a person knows;

familiarity gained by experience 个人的知识; 见闻: I have only (a) limited

knowledge of computers. 我的计算机知识很有限. * My knowledge of French is poor.

我不太懂法语. 3 [U] everything that is known; organized body of information 学问;

学识; 知识: all branches of knowledge 各门学问 * the sum of human knowledge on

this subject 人类对这一学科的知识总和. 4 (idm 习语)be common/public

knowledge be known by everyonein a community or group 人所共知: It's pointless

trying to keep your friendship secret it's common knowledge already. 你们无谓将

友情保密--其实已尽人皆知了. come to sb's `knowledge (fml 文) become known by

sb 被某人知悉: It has come to our knowledge that you have been cheating the

company. 据我们了解你一直欺骗公司. to one's `knowledge (a) as far as one knows

据自己所知: To my knowledge, she has never been late before. 据我所知, 她从未迟

到过. (b) as one knows to be true 确知属实: That is impossible, because to my

(certain) knowledge he was in France at the time. 那不可能, 因为我（确实）知道那

时他在法国. to the best of one's belief/knowledge => best3. with/without sb's

`knowledge having/not having informed sb 告知[未告知]某人: He sold the car

without his wife's knowledge. 他瞒著妻子把汽车卖了.

knowledgeable

/ -Ebl; -Ebl/ adj ~ (about sth) well-informed 消息灵通的; 在行的: She's very

knowledgeable about art. 她对艺术十分在行.

knowledgeably

/ -EblI; -EblI/ adv: speak knowledgeably on the subject 对这学科谈得头头是道.

knuckle

/ 5nQkl; `nQkl/ n 1 bone at the finger-joint 指节; 指关节: graze/skin one's

knuckles 擦破指关节. =>illus at hand 见hand插图. 2 (of animals) knee-joint, or

the part joining the leg to the foot, esp as a joint of meat （指动物）膝关节, 踝; （尤

指食用的）肘: pig's knuckles 猪肘. 3 (idm 习语) a rap on/over the knuckles =>

the `knuckle (infml 口) on the borderline of indecency and therefore

likely to offend 近乎下流; 猥亵: Some of his jokes are a bit too near the knuckle for

my taste. 我觉得他有的笑话已近乎淫亵了.

knuckle

v (phr v) knuckle down (to sth) (infml 口) begin to work seriously (at sth) 开始

认真工作: If you want to pass that exam, you'll have to knuckle down (to some hard

work). 你要想考试及格, 就得开始下功夫（苦干）了. knuckle under (infml 口) accept or

admit defeat; surrender 屈服; 认输; 投降.

knuckleduster

n (US brass knuckles) metal cover worn over the knuckles to increase the injury

caused by a blow with the fist 戴在指关节上的金属套（打人时加重损伤）.

knucklehead

n (infml derog 口, 贬) fool 笨蛋; 傻瓜.

KO

/ 9keI 5EU; 9ke `o/ abbr 缩写 = (infml 口) knock-out (esp in boxing) 击倒（尤

为拳击用语）: He was KO'd (ie knocked out) in the second round. 他在第二回合中被

击倒.

koala

/ kEU5B:lE; ko`BlE/ n (also koala bear) Australian tree-climbing mammal with

thick grey fur, large ears and no tail 树袋熊（产於澳洲的树栖哺乳动物, 毛密、 色灰、

耳大、 无尾）.

kobo

/ 5kCbEU; `kobo/ n (pl unchanged 复数不变) unit of money in Nigeria; 100th

part of a naira 考包（尼日利亚辅币名, 100考包= 1奈拉）.

kohl

/ kEUl; kol/ n [U] cosmetic powder used in the East to darken the eyelids 眼睑

粉（东方妇女的化妆品）.

kohlrabi

/ 9kEUl5rB:bI; `kol9rBbI/ n [C, U] cabbage with an edible turnip-shaped stem

球茎甘蓝（可供食用）.

kola

= cola.

kook

/ ku:k; kuk/ n (US derog sl 贬, 俚) peculiar, eccentric or crazy person 怪人; 狂

人.

kooky

adj.

kookaburra

/ 5kUkEbQrE; `kJkE9bQrE/ n (also laughing jackass) Australian giant kingfisher

笑翠鸟（产於澳洲）.

kopeck (also kopek)

= copeck.

koppie (also kopje)

/ 5kCpI; `kBpI/ n (in S Africa) small hill （南非的）小山.

Koran

/ kE5rB:n; ?@ -5rAn; kE`rAn/ n the Koran [sing] sacred book of the Muslims,

written in Arabic, containing the revelations of the Prophet Muhammad 《古兰经》,

《可兰经》（伊斯兰教经典）.

Koranic

/ kE5rnIk; kE`rAnIk/ adj.

kosher

/ 5kEUFE(r); `koFL/ adj 1 (of food, food shops, etc) fulfilling the requirements

of Jewish dietary law （指食物、 饮食店等）合礼的（符合犹太教规戒律的）: a kosher

butcher's, restaurant, meal 合礼的肉店、 餐馆、 饭食. 2 (infml 口) genuine or

legitimate 真正的; 合法的: the real kosher article, not just any old rubbish 真正的正

品, 并不是什麽旧的破烂货 * something not quite kosher about the way he made his

money 他的钱来路不大正.

koumiss

= kumis.

kowtow

/ 9kaU5taU; kaJ`taJ/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (to sb/sth) be submissive, humble or respectful

(to sb/sth) （向某人[某事物]）叩头, 磕头, 臣服: a refusal to kowtow (to the

government's wishes on this issue) 拒绝屈从（於政府对这一问题的意旨）.

kph

/ 9keI pi: 5eItF; 9ke pi `etF/ abbr 缩写 = kilometres per hour 千米/小时; 公里/

小时. Cf 参看 mph.

kraal

/ krB:l; ?@ krR:l; krRl/ n (in S Africa 用於南非) 1 village of huts enclosed by a

fence 用栅栏围起来的茅舍村庄. 2 enclosure for cattle, sheep, etc 家畜栏.

kremlin

/ 5kremlIn; `krZmlIn/ n 1 [C] citadel within a Russian town （俄国的）城堡. 2

the Kremlin (a) [Gp] government of the former USSR 前苏联政府. (b) [sing] the

citadel of Moscow 克里姆林宫.

krill

/ krIl; krIl/ n [pl v] mass of tiny shellfish eaten by whales （鲸鱼吞食的）磷虾群.

kris

/ kri:s; kris/ n Malay or Indonesian dagger （马来亚或印度尼西亚的）波形刃短剑.

krona

/ 5krEUnE; `kronE/ n 1 (pl -nor / -nE(r); -nEr/) unit of money in Sweden 克朗

（瑞典的货币单位）. 2 (pl -nur / -nE(r); -nEr/) unit of money in Iceland 克朗（冰岛

的货币单位）.

krone

/ 5krEUnE; `kronZ/ n (pl -ner / -nE(r); -nEr/) unit of money in Denmark and

Norway 克朗（丹麦和挪威的货币单位）.

krugerrand

/ 5kru:gErAnd; `kru^E9rAnd/ n South African gold coin weighing one ounce

克鲁格金币（南非金币重一盎司）.

krypton

/ 5krIptCn; `krIp9tBn/ n [U] chemical element, an inert colourless and

odourless gas 氪. =>App 10 见附录10.

Kt

abbr 缩写 = Knight: Sir James Bailey Kt 詹姆斯·贝利爵士.

Ku-Klux-Klan

/ 9ku: klQks 5kAln; 9ku 9klQks `klAn/ n [Gp] (abbr 缩写 KKK) secret racialist

organization of white Protestant men in the (esp southern) United States 三K党（美

国的, 尤指其南部的白人基督教徒的种族主义秘密组织）.

kudos

/ 5kju:dCs; ?@ 5ku:-; `kudBs/ n [U] (infml 口) honour and glory; credit1(2) 荣誉;

光荣; 赞誉: She did most of the work but all the kudos went to him. 工作大部分是她

做的, 可是荣誉都归他了.

kukri

/ 5kUkrI; `kJkrI/ n type of curved knife used by Gurkhas （廓尔喀人用的）弯刀.

kumis (also kumiss, koumiss)

/ 5ku:mIs; `kumIs/ n [U] drink made from fermented mare's milk by certain

Central Asian peoples 乳酒（中亚某些民族用马乳酿制的酒）.

kummel

/ 5kUmEl; `kIml/ n [U] sweet liqueur flavoured with cumin and caraway seeds

（用莳萝和葛缕子调味的）烈性甜酒.

kumquat

/ 5kQmkwCt; `kQm9kwBt/ n plum-sized fruit similar to an orange 金橘.

kung fu

/ 9kUN 5fu, also 5kQN; 9kJN`fu/ n [U] Chinese form of unarmed combat

similar to karate （中国武术中的）徒手功夫.

kvass

/ kvAs; kvAs/ n [U] type of weak beer made in Russia 克瓦斯淡啤酒（俄罗斯制）.

kW (also kw)

abbr 缩写 = kilowatt(s): a 2 kW electric heater 功率2千瓦的电热器.

kwashiorkor

/ kwAFI5R:kR:(r); 9kwBFi`RrkRr/ n [U] severetropical disease of children whose

diet does not contain enough protein 夸希奥科, 蛋白质营养不良（热带严重儿科病）.

kwela

/ 5kweIlE; `kwelE/ n [U] kind of S African jazz music 南非的一种爵士乐.

kybosh (also kibosh)

/ 5kaIbCF; `kaIbBF/ n (idm 习语) put the kybosh on sb/sth (sl 俚) prevent

sb/sth from continuing; stop sb/sth 止住某人[某事物]; 使某人[某事物]停止:: When

he broke his leg it put the kybosh on his holiday. 他摔坏了腿, 度假只好中止.

2024年3月30日发(作者：阮策)

K, k

/ keI; ke/ n (pl K's, k's / keIz; kez/) the eleventh letter of the English alphabet 英

语字母表的第十一个字母: `King' begins with (a) K/`K' king字以k字母开始.

K

/ keI; ke/ abbr 缩写 = 1 kelvin(s). 2 (infml 口) one thousand (Greek kilo-) 一

千（源自希腊文kilo-）: She earns 12K (ie 12000) a year. 她一年挣12000英镑.

phonetic (K.K. Vowels)

/ fE5netIk; fE`nZtIk/ The K.K. phonetic symbols （音标） used in this dictionary

contains the following vowels and diphthongs. Press the pronunciation button to

hear the sounds they represent. 1. i -- Example: see / si:; si/ 2. I -- Example:

sit / sIt; sIt/ 3. e -- Example: ten / ten; tZn/ 4. A -- Example: hat / hAt; hAt/ 5.

B -- Example: arm / B:m; Brm/ 6. C -- Example: watch / wCtF; wBtF/ 7. R --

Example: saw / sR:; sR/ 8. J -- Example: put / pUt; pJt/ 9. u -- Example: too /

tu:; tu/ 10. Q -- Example: cup / kQp; kQp/ 11. [ -- Example: fur / f:(r); f[/ 12.

E -- Example: ago / E5gEU; E`^o/ 13. e -- Example: page / peIdV; pedV/ 14. o

-- Example: home / hEUm; hom/ 15. aI -- Example: five / faIv; faIv/ 16. aJ --

Example: now / naU; naJ/ 17. RI -- Example: join / dVRIn; dVRIn/ 18. IE --

Example: near / nIE(r); nIE(r)/ 19. ZE -- Example: hair / heE(r); hZE(r)/ 20. JE --

Example: tour / tUE(r); tJE(r)/

phonetic (K.K. Consonants)

/ fE5netIk; fE`nZtIk/ The K.K. phonetic symbols （音标） used in this dictionary

contains the following consonants. Press the pronunciation button to hear the

sounds they represent. 1. p -- Example: pen / pen; pZn/ 2. b -- Example: bad

/ bAd; bAd/ 3. t -- Example: tea / ti:; ti/ 4. d -- Example: did / dId; dId/ 5. k

-- Example: cat / kAt; kAt/ 6. ^ -- Example: got / gCt; ^Bt/ 7. tF -- Example:

chin / tFIn; tFIn/ 8. dV -- Example: June / dVu:n; dVun/ 9. f -- Example: fall /

fR:l; fRl/ 10. v -- Example: voice / vRIs; vRIs/ 11. W -- Example: thin / WIn;

WIn/ 12. T -- Example: then / Ten; TZn/ 13. s -- Example: so / sEU; so/ 14. z

-- Example: zoo / zu:; zu/ 15. F -- Example: she / Fi:; Fi/ 16. V -- Example:

vision / 5vIVn; `vIVEn/ 17. h -- Example: how / haU; haJ/ 18. m -- Example:

man / mAn; mAn/ 19. n -- Example: no / nEU; no/ 20. N -- Example: sing /

sIN; sIN/ 21. l -- Example: leg / leg; lZ^/ 22. r -- Example: red / red; rZd/ 23.

j -- Example: yes / jes; jZs/ 24. w -- Example: wet / wet; wZt/

kaffir

/ 5kAfE(r); `kAfL/ n (S African offensive 南非, 讳, 蔑) black African person

非洲黑人.

kaftan

= caftan.

Kaiser

/ 5kaIzE(r); `kaIzL/ n title of the German and Austro-Hungarian emperors until

1918 皇帝(尤指1918年前的德国皇帝).

kale (also kail)

/ keIl; kel/ n [U] type of cabbage with curly leaves 羽衣甘蓝.

kaleidoscope

/ kE5laIdEskEUp; kE`laIdE9skop/ n (a) toy consisting of a tube containing small

loose pieces of coloured glass, etc and mirrors which reflect these to form

changing patterns when the tube is turned 万花筒. (b) (usu sing 通常作单数) (fig 比

喻) constantly and quickly changing pattern 千变万化; 瞬息万变: His paintings are a

kaleidoscope of gorgeous colours. 他的油画色彩斑斓, 变化万千. * The bazaar was a

kaleidoscope of strange sights and impressions. 集市的景象光怪陆离, 纷然杂陈.

kaleidoscopic

/ kE9laIdE5skCpIk; kE9laIdE`skBpIk/ adj.

kaleidoscopically

/ -klI; -klI/ adv.

kamikaze

/ 9kAmI5kB:zI; 9kBmI`kBzi/ n (in World War II) (pilot of a) Japanese aircraft

deliberately crashed on enemy ships, etc （第二次世界大战中日本的）神风飞机, 神风

飞机飞行员（与敌舰等同归於尽的自杀飞机或驾驶员）: [attrib 作定语] a kamikaze attack

神风飞机的攻击 * (fig 比喻) kamikaze (ie suicidal) tactics 同归於尽的战术.

kangaroo

/ 9kANgE5ru:; 9kAN^E`ru/ n (pl ~s) Australian animal that jumps along on its

strong hind legs, the female carrying its young in a pouch on the front of its body

袋鼠（产於澳洲）. =>illus 见插图.

kangaroo court

illegal court formed by a group of prisoners, striking workers, etc to settle

disputes among themselves 私设的公堂（囚犯、 罢工工人等为解决内部纠纷而设的）.

kaolin

/ 5keIElIn; `keElIn/ n [U] (also china `clay) fine white clay used in making

porcelain and in medicine 高岭土; 瓷土.

kapok

/ 5keIpCk; `kepBk/ n [U] substance like cotton wool, used for stuffing cushions,

soft toys, etc 木棉.

kaput

/ kE5pUt; kE`pJt/ adj [pred 作表语] (sl 俚) broken; ruined; not working properly

完蛋了; 失败了; 坏了: The car's kaput we'll have to walk. 汽车坏了--我们只好步行.

karat

(US) = carat 2.

karate

/ kE5rB:tI; kE`rBtI/ n [U] Japanese system of unarmed combat in which the

hands, feet, etc are used as weapons 空手道（日本式徒手武术）: [attrib 作定语]

akarate chop, ie a blow with the side of the hand 空手道的掌侧劈.

karma

/ 5kB:mE; `kBrmE/ n [U] (a) (in Buddhism and Hinduism) sum of a person's

actions in one of his successive lives, believed to decide his fate in the next （佛教

和印度教的）业（音译｀羯磨＇, 意为个人行为的总和可决定其来世的命运）. (b) (esp joc

尤作戏谑语) destiny; fate 命运; 宿缘: It's my karma always to fall in love with

brunettes. 我爱上的总是深褐色头发、 浅黑色皮肤的白种女子, 这是我的缘分.

kart

/ kB:t; kBrt/ n = go-kart.

kayak

/ 5kaIAk; `kaIAk/ n. =>illus at canoe 见canoe插图. (a) Eskimo canoe made of

light wood covered with sealskins 海豹皮船（爱斯基摩人制的单人小舟）. (b) small

covered canoe resembling this （类似海豹皮船的）小艇.

kazoo

/ kE5zu:; kE`zu/ n (pl ~s) toy musical instrument that gives a buzzing sound

when sb blows through it while humming 一种玩具笛.

KB

/ 9keI 5bi:; 9ke `bi/ abbr 缩写 = (Brit law 律) King's Bench. Cf 参看 QB.

KBE

/ 9keI bi: 5i:; 9ke bi `i/ abbr 缩写 = (Brit) Knight Commander (of the Order) of

the British Empire （第二等的）大英帝国最高勋爵; 英帝国爵级司令勋章: be made a KBE

受封（第二等的）大英帝国最高勋爵位 * Sir John Brown KBE 约翰·布朗（第二等的）大

英帝国最高勋爵士. Cf 参看 CBE, DBE, MBE.

KC

/ 9keI 5si:; 9ke `si/ abbr 缩写 = (Brit law 律) King's Counsel. Cf 参看 QC.

kebab

/ kI5bAb; kE`bAb/ n (often pl 常作复数) small pieces of meat and vegetables

cooked and (often) served on a skewer 烤肉串: lamb kebabs 烤羊肉串 * shish

kebab 烤肉串.

shish kebab

/ 9FIF kI5bAb; ?@ 5FIF kEbAb; `FIF kE9bBb/ = kebab.

kedgeree

/ 5kedVEri:, 9kedVE5ri:; `kZdVE9ri, 9kZdVE`ri/ n [U, C] cooked dish of rice and

fish, with hard-boiled eggs and sometimes onions, all mixed together 鱼蛋烩饭（有

时伴有洋葱）.

keel

/ ki:l; kil/ n 1 timber or steel structure along the bottom of a ship, on which

the framework is built up （船的）龙骨: lay down a keel, ie start building a ship 安

龙骨（动工造船）. 2 (idm 习语) on an even keel => even1.

keel

v (phr v) keel over 1 (of a ship) capsize （指船）倾覆, 翻倒. 2 (infml 口) fall

over; collapse 倒下; 倒塌: After a couple of drinks he just keeled over on the floor.

他喝了两杯酒後就跌倒在地了. * The structure had keeled over in the high winds. 那

座建筑物让大风给刮倒了.

keen

/ ki:n; kin/ adj (-er, -est) 1 ~ (to do ) eager; enthusiastic 热切的; 热情

的; 热心的: a keen swimmer 喜好游泳的人 * I'm not keen to go again. 我不太想再去

了. * She's keen that we should go. 她热情地叫我们去. 2 (of feelings, etc) intense;

strong; deep （指感情等）热烈的, 强烈的, 深刻的: a keen desire, interest, sense of

loss 强烈的愿望、 兴趣、 失落感. 3 (of the senses) highly developed （指感觉）灵

敏的, 敏锐的: Dogs have a keen sense of smell. 狗的嗅觉很灵敏. 4 (of the mind)

quick to understand （指头脑）敏捷的, 精明的: a keen wit, intelligence 敏捷的头脑、

很强的理解力. 5 [esp attrib 尤作定语] (of the points and cutting edges of knives,

etc) sharp （指刀等的尖和刃）锋利的, 快的: a keen blade, edge 锋利的刀片、 刀刃. 6

(of a wind) bitterly cold （指风）刺骨的, 凛冽的. 7 (Brit) (of prices) low; very

competitive （指价格）低廉的, 竞争力强的. 8 (idm 习语) (as) ,keen as `mustard

(infml 口) extremely eager or enthusiastic 极热心的; 极热情的. keen on sth/sb

(infml 口) (a) interested in sth 热衷於某事物: keen on (playing) tennis 很喜欢（打）

网球. (b) fond of sb/sth 喜爱某人[某事物]: He seemed mad keen on (ie very

interested in) my sister. 他发疯似的爱著我妹妹. * I'm not too keen on jazz. 我不太喜

欢爵士乐. (c) enthusiastic about sth 对某事物满腔热情的: She's not very keen on the

idea. 她对那主张不很感兴趣. * Mrs Hill is keen on Tom's marrying Susan. 希尔太太很

希望汤姆能和苏珊结婚.

keenly

adv.

keenness

n [U].

keen

/ ki:n; kin/ v [I] (usu in the continuous tenses 通常用於进行时态) lament a dead

person by wailing 为死者恸哭、 哀号: keening over her murdered son 恸哭她那被谋

害的儿子.

keen

n Irish funeral song accompanied by wailing 爱尔兰哀歌（边哭边唱）.

keep

/ ki:p; kip/ v (pt, pp kept / kept; kZpt/) 1 (a) [La, Ipr, Ip] continue to be in the

specified condition or position; remain or stay 继续处於某状态或地位; 留下; 保留:

She has the ability to keep calm in an emergency. 她有处变不惊的本事. * Please

keep quiet -- I'm trying to get some work done. 请安静--我要处理一些工作. * You

ought to keep indoors with that heavy cold. 你患重感冒应该留在屋里. * The notice

said `Keep off (ie Do not walk on) the grass'. 布告牌上写著｀勿踏草地＇. * Keep back!

The building could collapse at any moment. 别靠近! 那建筑物随时可能倒塌. (b) [Ip]

~ (on) doing sth continue doing sth; do sth repeatedly or frequently 继续做某事物;

重复做某事物: keep eating, laughing, smiling, walking 一直在吃、 笑、 微笑、 走 *

Keep (on) talking amongst yourselves, I'll be back in a minute. 你们继续谈, 我一会

儿就回来. * How can I trust you if you keep lying to me? 你要是一直欺骗我, 我怎麽能

相信你呢? * I do wish you wouldn't keep interrupting me! 希望你别老来打扰我! * My

shoe laces keep (on) coming undone. 我的鞋带总是松开. * Keep going (ie Do not

stop) until you reach a large roundabout. 继续走就走到一个宽阔的环状交叉路口了. *

This is exhausting work, but I manage to keep going somehow. 这个工作很费力气,

但是我尽量设法做下去. (c) [Ipr, Ip] continue to move in the specified direction 继续

朝某方向前进: Traffic in Britain keeps to the left, ie drives on the left-hand side of

the road. 在英国, 车辆靠左行驶. * Keep straight on until you get to the church. 一直

朝前走就走到教堂了. * The sign says `Keep Left', so I don't think we can turn right

here. 路标上写著｀靠左行＇, 我想不能从这儿向右拐. 2 [, Tn.p, Cn.a, Cn.g] cause

sb/sth to remain in the specified condition or position 使某人[某事物]保持某状态或

某地位: If your hands are cold, keep them in your pockets. 要是手冷, 就揣在口袋里. *

Extra work kept him (late) at the office. 他因有额外的工作, （很晚）仍留在办公室里. *

Don't keep us in suspense any longer -- what happens at the end of the story? 别

再让我们蒙在鼓里了, 结局究竟怎麽样? * keep sb amused, cheerful, happy, etc 使某人

一直高兴、 快乐、 幸福等 * These gloves will keep your hands warm. 这种手套保暖

好. * Give the baby her bottle; that'll keep her quiet for a while. 把瓶子给孩子, 那就

能让她安静一会儿. * He's in a coma and is being kept alive by a life-support

machine. 他处於昏迷状态, 靠生命维持器活著. * I'm sorry to keep you waiting. 对不

起, 让您久等了. * Add some more coal to keep the fire going. 再添些煤, 别让火灭了.

3 [Tn] detain or delay (sb) 留住或耽搁（某人）: You're an hour late; what kept you? 你

晚了一小时, 是什麽事给耽误了? Cf 参看 keep sb from sth/doing sth. 4 [Tn] (a)

continue to have (sth); retain 保有, 留下（某物）: You can keep that book I lent you;

I don't want it back. 我借给你的那本书你可以留下, 不用还我. * Here's a five-pound

note -- you can keep the change. 这是五镑的钞票--零钱不用找了. (b) [Tn, , Dn.n]

~ sth (for sb) look after sth (for sb); retain sth （为某人）照顾某事物; 保留某事物:

Could you keep my place in the queue (for me)(ie prevent anybody else from

taking it)? 我排在队里的位置可以给我留著吗? * Please keep me a place in the queue.

排队时请给我占个位置. (c) [Tn, ] have (sth) in a particular place; store 在某处存

放（某物）; 贮藏: Where do you keep the cutlery? 你的餐具在哪里? * We haven't

enough shelves to keep all our books on. 我们的书架不够用, 放不下这麽多书. *

Always keep your driving licence in a safe place. 驾驶执照一定要妥善保管. (d) [Tn]

retain (sth) for future use or reference 保留（某物）（以备日後之需）: These trousers

are so worn they're hardly worth keeping. 这条裤子磨损得很厉害, 不必再留著了. *

Let's not eat all the sandwiches now -- we can keep some for later. 咱们别把三明治

都吃光--可以留些过後再吃. * I keep all her letters. 我保留著她全部的信. 5 [Tn] own

and manage (a shop, restaurant, etc) 经营, 开设（商店、 饭馆等）: Her father kept a

grocer's shop for a number of years. 她父亲开了几年杂货店. * He plans to keep a

pub when he retires. 他打算退休後开酒馆. 6 [Tn] own and look after (animals) for

one's use or enjoyment （为自用或消遣）饲养（动物）: keep bees, goats, hens, etc 饲

养蜂、 羊、 鸡等. 7 [Tn] have (sth) regularly on sale or in stock 经销、 销售或储存

（某物）: `Do you sell Turkish cigarettes?' `I'm sorry, we don't keep them.' ｀你们卖

土耳其香烟吗?＇｀对不起, 我们不卖那种香烟.＇ 8 [Tn] not reveal (a secret) 保守（秘

密）: Can you keep a secret? ie If I tell you one, can I be sure that you will not tell it

to sb else? 我想告诉你一件事, 你能保密吗? 9 [I] (of food) remain in good condition

（指食物）保持不坏: Do finish off the fish pie; it won't keep. 鱼馅糕饼留不住, 都吃了

吧. * (fig 比喻) The news will keep, ie can be told later rather than immediately. 这

消息可容後宣布. 10[I] (used with an adv, or in questions after how 与副词连用或用

於疑问句中的how之後) be in the specified state of health 处於某种健康状况: `How

are you keeping?' `I'm keeping well, thanks.' ｀你身体好吗?＇｀很好, 谢谢.＇ 11 [Tn]

(a) make written entries in (sth) 在（某物）上作书面记载: She kept a diary for over

twenty years. 她写日记已二十多年. (b) write down (sth) as a record 记录（某事）:

keeping an account/a record of what one spends each week 记录每周的开支. 12

[Tn] provide what is necessary for (sb); support (sb) financially 供给（某人）必需品;

经济上支持（某人）: He scarcely earns enough to keep himself and his family. 他挣

的钱难以维持全家人的生活. 13 (a) [Tn] guard or protect (sth) 守卫或把守（某物）:

keep goal, ie in football 守球门（足球的）?w * keep wicket, ie in cricket 守三柱门

（板球的）. Cf 参看 goalkeeper (goal), wicket-keeper (wicket). (b) [Tn, ] ~ sb

(from sth) (fml 文) protect sb (from sth) 保护或保佑某人: May the Lord bless you

and keep you, ie used in prayers in the Christian Church 愿上帝祝福你、 保佑你（用

於基督教会的祈祷） * She prayed to God to keep her son from harm. 她祈祷上帝保

佑儿子平安. 14 [Tn] be faithful to (sth); respect or observe 忠於（某事物）; 尊重; 遵

守: keep an appointment, the law, a promise, a treaty 遵守约会、 法律、 诺言、 条

约. 15 (idm 习语) ,keep it `up maintain a high standard of achievement 保持优秀

成绩: Excellent work, Cripps keep it up! 克里普斯, 你干得真好--要保持下去! ,keep

up with the `Joneses/ 5dVEUnzIz; `dVonzIz/ (infml often derog 口, 常作贬义) try to

maintain the same social and material standards as one's neighbours 要在地位和物

质方面比得上周围的人. (For other idioms containing keep, see entries for ns, adjs,

etc 与keep搭配的其他习语见有关名词、 形容词等的词条, 如 keep house => house1;

keep the ball rolling => ball1.) 16 (phr v) keep (sb) at sth (cause sb to) continue to

work at sth （使某人）继续做某事: Come on, keep `at it, you've nearly finished! 加

油, 别松劲, 你眼看就完成了! * The teacher kept us at our `work all morning. 老师让

我们做了一上午的功课.

keep (sb/sth) away (from sb/sth)

(cause sb/sth) not to go near sb/sth （使某人[某事物]）不靠近某人[某事物]: Police

warned bystanders to keep away from the blazing building. 警察告诫围观者, 不要

靠近燃烧 的建筑物. * Her illness kept her away from (ie caused her to be absent

from) work for several weeks. 她因病数周未上班.

keep sth back

(a) prevent sth from moving; restrain sth 使某事物不能移动; 阻止某事物:

Millions of gallons of water are kept back by the dam. 这个堤坝拦住了滔滔的洪水. *

She was unable to keep back her tears. 她无法忍住泪水. (b) not pay sth to sb 不将

某物付给某人: A certain percentage of your salary is kept back by your employer as

an insurance payment. 雇主扣下你部分薪金作保险金用. keep sth `back (from sb)

refuse to tell sb sth; hold sth back 拒不将某事告诉某人; 隐瞒某事物: I'm sure she's

keeping something back (from us). 我肯定她（向我们）隐瞒 什麽. keep (sb) `back

(from sb/sth) (cause sb to) remain at a distance from sb/sth （使某人）与某人[某事

物]保持距离: Keep well back from the road. 离马路远些. * Barricades were erected to

keep back the crowds. 设置了障碍以隔开人群.

keep down

not show where one is; not stand up 隐蔽; 不站立: Keep down! You mustn't let

anybody see you. 蹲下! 一定不要让人看见你. keep sb `down repress or oppress (a

people, nation, etc) 压制或镇压（人民、 国民等）: The people have been kept down

for years by a brutal regime. 人民多年遭受野蛮制度压迫. keep sth `down (a) not

raise (a part of the body) 不抬起（身体某部分）: Keep your head down! 不要抬头! (b)

retain sth in the stomach 吞下某物; 不吐出来: The medicine was so horrid I couldn't

keep it down, ie I was sick. 这药这麽难吃, 我咽不下去. (c) cause sth to remain at a

low level; not increase sth 使某事物处於低水平; 压抑某事物: keep down wages,

prices, the cost of living, etc 保持低工资、 低价格、 低生活费等 * Keep your voices

down; your mother's trying to get some sleep. 小点声, 你妈妈要睡觉了. (d) not

allow sth to multiply or grow 不使某物滋生或生长: use chemicals to keep pests

down 用化学药品消灭害虫.

keep oneself/sb from sth/doing sth

prevent oneself/sb from doing sth 使自己[某人]不能做某事物: The church bells

keep me from sleeping. 教堂的钟声吵得我睡不 觉. * I hope I'm not keeping you

from your work. 希望我没有妨碍你的工作. keep (oneself) from doing sth prevent

oneself from doing sth; stop (oneself) doing sth 克制自己不做某事: She could

hardly keep (herself) from laughing. 她忍不住大笑起来. * I just managed to keep

myself from falling. 我差一点跌倒. keep sth from sb not tell sb sth 不将某事告诉某人:

I think we ought to keep the truth from him until he's better. 我想等他好些再把实情

告诉他. * They don't keep anything from each other. 他们之间无话不谈.

keep sb in

detain (a child) after normal school hours as a punishment 罚（小学生）课後留

校: She was kept in for an hour for talking in class. 她因上课说话被罚留校一小时.

keep sth in not express (an emotion); restrain sth 不表露（情感）; 控制某事物: He

could scarcely keep in his indignation. 他愤怒得难以自持. keep oneself/sb in sth

give or allow oneself/sb a regular supply of sth 使自己[某人]经常有某事物: She

earns enough to keep herself and all the family in good clothes. 她的收入能让全家

经常有好衣服穿. keep in with sb (infml 口) continue to be friendly with sb, esp in

order to gain some advantage 保持与某人亲近（尤指为得到好处）: Have you noticed

how he tries to keep in with the boss? 你注意到他多巴结老板了吗?

keep off

(of rain, snow, etc) not begin （指雨、 雪等）未下: The fete will go ahead

provided the rain keeps off. 要是不下雨, 义卖会就照常进行. keep off (sb/sth) not

approach, touch, etc sb/sth 不接近或不接触某人[某事物]. keep off sth (a) not eat,

drink or smoke sth 不吃、 不喝或不吸食某物: keep off cigarettes, drugs, drink, fatty

foods 不抽烟、 不吸毒、 不喝酒、 不吃多油脂的食物. (b) not mention (the specified

subject); avoid 不提（某话题）; 避免: Please keep off (the subject of) politics while

my father's here. 有我父亲在场, 请别谈政治. keep sb/sth off (sb/sth) cause sb/sth

not to approach, touch, etc sb/sth 使某人[某事物]不接近或不接触某人[某事物]: They

lit a fire to keep wild animals off. 他们燃起篝火防止野兽接近. * Keep your hands off

(ie Do not touch) me! 别碰我!

keep on

continue one's journey 继续行进: Keep on past the church; the stadium is

about half a mile further on. 一直向前走过了教堂, 约莫半英里就是体育场. keep on

(doing sth) continue (doing sth) 继续（做某事物）: The rain kept on all night. 雨彻

夜不停. * She kept on working although she was tired. 她虽疲劳但仍继续工作. keep

sb `on continue to employ sb 继续雇用某人: He's incompetent and not worth

keeping on. 他庸碌无能, 不值得留用. keep sth on (a) continue to wear sth 继续穿戴

某物: You don't need to keep your hat on indoors. 在室内不必戴 帽子了. (b)

continue to rent or be the owner of (a house, flat, etc) 继续租用或领有（房屋、 寓

所等）: We're planning to keep the cottage on over the summer. 我们打算夏天继续

租那座别墅. keep `on (at sb) (about sb/sth) continue talking (to sb) in an irritating

way (about sb/sth) （向某人）唠叨: He does keep on so! 他就是这样爱唠叨! * I will

mend the lamp just don't keep on at me about it! 我一定修这个灯--别再跟我唠叨

这件事了!

keep out

(of sth) not enter (a place); remain outside 不进入（某处）; 留在外边: The sign

said `Ministry of Defence Danger Keep Out!' 牌子上写 , 国防部重地--闲人免

进! keep sb/sth out (of sth) prevent sb/sth from entering (a place) 不让某人[某物]

进入（某处）: Keep that dog out of my study! 别让那条狗进我的书房! * She wore a hat

to keep the sun out of her eyes. 她戴 帽子遮阳, 保护眼睛. keep (sb) out of sth not

expose oneself/sb to sth; (cause sb to) avoid sth 遮掩自己[某人]; （使某人）避开某

事物: Do keep out of the rain if you haven't a coat. 没带雨衣那就避一下雨. * That

child seems incapable of keeping out of (ie not getting into) mischief. 那个孩子不调

皮捣蛋简直就受不了. * Keep the children out of harm's way if you take them to the

match. 带孩子看比赛, 要注意他们的安全.

keep to sth

(a) not wander from or leave (a path, road, etc) 不偏离, 不离开（道路等）: Keep

to the track the moor is very boggy around here. 不要偏离车道--这一带沼泽地多. *

(fig 比喻) keep to the point/subject 别扯远了[不要离题]. (b) follow or observe (a

plan, schedule, etc) 遵循, 遵守（计划、 时刻表等）: Things will only work out if we all

keep to the plan. 只有大家执行计划, 事情才能成功. (c) remain faithful to (a promise,

etc)忠於, 信守（诺言等）: keep to an agreement, an undertaking 信守协定、 承诺. (d)

remain in and not leave (the specified place or position) 留在, 不离开（某地或某位

置）: She's old and infirm and has to keep to the house. 她因年老体弱而足不出户. (e)

(used esp in the imperative when rebuking sb 尤用於祈使语气以指责某人) not

express (a comment, view, etc) 不必说出（意见、 看法等）: Keep your opinions to

yourself in future! 你有意见留 自己用吧! keep (oneself) to oneself avoid meeting

people socially; not concern oneself with other people's affairs 不与人交往:

Nobody knows much about him; he keeps himself (very much) to himself. 谁都不太

了解他, 因为他很少与人来往. keep sth to one`self not tell other people about sth 不

把某事告诉别人: I'd be grateful if you kept this information to yourself. 这事你若能

保密则不胜感激.

keep sb under

oppress sb 压迫某人: The local population is kept under by a brutal army of

mercenaries. 当地居民备受野蛮雇佣军的欺压. keep sth under control or suppress

sth 控制或压制某事物: Firemen managed to keep the fire under. 消防队员尽力控制

了火势.

keep up

(of rain, snow, good weather, etc) continue without stopping （指雨、 雪、 好

天气等）持续不停: Let's hope the sunny weather keeps up for Saturday's tennis

match. 但愿星期六网球比赛时还是这样的好天气. keep sb up prevent sb from going

to bed 使某人不能去睡觉: I do hope we're not keeping you up. 我希望我们没有耽误

你睡觉. keep sth up (a) prevent sth from falling down 使某物不落下: wear a belt to

keep one's trousers up 系 腰带以系住裤子. (b) cause sth to remain at a high level

使某事物处於高水平: The high cost of raw materials is keeping prices up. 原料费用昂

贵使得产品价格居高不下. (c) not allow (one's spirits, strength, etc) to decline;

maintain 不让（精力等）衰退; 维持; 保持: They sang songs to keep their morale up.

他们唱 歌以保持高昂的士气. (d) continue sth at the same (usu high) level 继续使某

事物保持同样的（通常指高的）水平: The enemy kept up their bombardment day and

night. 敌军一直日夜不停地狂轰滥炸. * We're having difficulty keeping up our

mortgage payments. 我们难以继续支付分期偿还的抵押贷款. * You're all doing a

splendid job; keep up the good work! 你们干得都很出色, 要坚持下去! (e) continue

to practise or observe sth 照旧做某事物或遵守某事: keep up old customs, traditions,

etc 沿袭古老的风俗、 传统等 * Do you still keep up your Spanish? 你仍在学西班牙

语吗? (f) maintain (a house, garden, etc) in good condition by spending money or

energy on it 保养, 维修（房屋、 花园等）: The house is becoming too expensive for

them to keep up. 他们的房子维修费用贵得越来越修不起了. Cf 参看 upkeep. keep

`up (with sb/sth) move or progress at the same rate (as sb/sth) 跟上（某人[某事物]）;

（与某人[某事物]）同步前进: Slow down I can't keep up (with you)! 慢点, 我跟不上

（你）了! * I can't keep up with all the changes in computer technology. 计算机技术

的各种改进有些我已跟不上了. keep up (with sth) rise at the same rate (as sth) 以（某

事物的）同样速率上升: Workers' incomes are not keeping up with inflation. 工人的

收入赶不上通货膨胀. keep up with sb continue to be in contact with sb 保持与某人

的联系: How many of your old school friends do you keep up with? 你和中学时的老

同学保持联系的有多少? keep up with sth inform oneself or learn about (the news,

current events, etc) 知悉（消息）; 跟上（形势）: She likes to keep up with the latest

fashions. 她喜欢穿戴入时.

kept woman

(dated or joc 旧或谑) woman who is provided with money and a home by a

man with whom she is having a sexual relationship （受供养的）姘妇.

keep

/ ki:p; kip/ n 1 [U] (cost of providing) food and other necessities of life 食物等

生活必需品; 生活费: It's time you got a job and started paying for your keep! 你该找

份工作, 负担自己的生活费了! * (fig 比喻) Does that old car still earn its keep? ie Is it

useful enough to be worth the cost of keeping it? 那辆旧汽车还值得维修吗? 2 [C]

strongly built tower of an ancient castle 古代城堡中的强固主楼. 3 (idm 习语) for

`keeps (infml 口) permanently; for ever 永远地; 永久地: Can I have it for keeps or

do you want it back? 我可以永久保留它呢还是要我还给你?

keeper

/ 5ki:pE(r); `kipL/ n 1 person who looks after animals in a zoo or a collection

of items in a museum （动物园的）饲养员; （博物馆的）保管人. 2 (esp in compounds

尤用以构成复合词) person who is in charge of or looks after sth 负责或照料某事物的

人: a `lighthouse-keeper * a `gamekeeper * a `shopkeeper. 3 (infml 口)(a) =

goalkeeper (goal). (b) = wicket-keeper (wicket). 4 (idm 习语) finders keepers =>

finder (find1).

keeping

/ 5ki:pIN; `kipIN/ n (idm 习语) for safe keeping => safe1. in sb's keeping in sb's

care or custody 在某人处保管; 受某人监护: I'll leave the keys in your keeping. 我把

钥匙交你保管. in/out of keeping (with sth) in/not in conformity or harmony 一致[不

一致]; 协调[不协调]: a development wholly in keeping with what we expected 与我

们预期完全相符的发展 * That tie is not quite in keeping. 那条领带不十分协调. in safe

keeping => safe1.

keepsake

/ 5ki:pseIk; `kip9sek/ n gift, usu small and often not very costly, that is kept in

memory of the giver or previous owner 纪念品: My aunt gave me one of her

brooches as a keepsake. 我的姑母把她的一只胸针送给我作纪念.

keg

/ keg; kZ^/ n small barrel, usu containing less than 10 British or 30 US gallons

of liquid 小桶（通常容量不足10英加仑或30美加仑）. =>illus at barrel 见barrel插

图.

keg beer

(Brit) beer served from kegs, using gas pressure 小桶啤酒（用气压压出）.

kelp

/ kelp; kZlp/ n [U] type of large brown seaweed 大型褐藻.

kelvin

/ 5kelvIn; `kZlvIn/ n (abbr 缩写 K) unit (equal tothe Celsius degree) of an

international scale of temperature(the Kelvin scale) with 0 at absolute zero

(273.15C) 开（开尔文温标的计量单位, 其零度为绝对零度, 等於273.15C）. =>App 11

见附录11.

ken

/ ken; kZn/ n (idm 习语) beyond/outside one's ken not within one's range of

knowledge 超出某人知识范围: The workings of the Stock Exchange are beyond

most people's ken. 证券交易所的运作情况大多数人都不了解.

ken

/ ken; kZn/ v (-nn-, pt kenned or kent, pp kenned) [Tn, Tf, Tw] (Scot 苏格兰)

know 知道.

kennel

/ 5kenl; `kZnl/ n 1 [C] shelter for a pet dog 狗窝; 狗房: Rover lives in a kennel

in the back garden. 小狗罗弗的窝在後花园. 2 [C] shelter for a pack of hounds 一群

猎犬的窝棚. 3 kennels [sing or pl v] place where dogs are bred, cared for, etc 养狗

场: We put the dog into kennels when we go on holiday. 我们去度假时把狗送到养狗

场寄养.

kennel

v (-ll-; US also -l-) [Tn] put or keep (a dog) in a kennel or kennels 将（狗）关进

狗窝或送到养狗场: She kennels her dog in the yard. 她把狗关进院子的狗窝里.

kepi

/ 5keIpI; `kepI/ n type of French military cap with a horizontal peak 法国军帽.

kept

pt, pp of keep1.

kerb (also esp US curb)

/ k:b; k[b/ n stone or concrete edge of a pavement at the side of a road （镶

石的）路缘, 路边: Stop at the kerb and look both ways before crossing (the road). 先

站在路边看清左右再过马路.

kerb-crawling

n [U] driving slowly along trying to persuade sb on the pavement to enter

one's car, esp for sexual purposes 开车沿路边缓慢行驶（尤指为性关系勾引人）: be

arrested for kerb-crawling 因沿路边慢驶勾引人而被拘捕.

kerb drill

set of rules for crossing the road safely 过马路的安全规则.

kerbstone

n block of stone or concrete forming part of a kerb 路缘石; 路边石.

kerchief

/ 5k:tFIf; `k[tFIf/ n (arch 古) 1 square piece of cloth worn on the head or

round the neck, esp by women 方头巾, 方围巾（尤指女用的）. 2 handkerchief 手

绢.

kerfuffle

/ kE5fQfl; kL`fQfl/ n [U] (Brit infml 口) fuss; noise; excitement 混乱; 吵闹; 闹哄:

What's all the kerfuffle (about)? 这乱哄哄的是怎麽回事?

kernel

/ 5k:nl; `k[nl/ n 1 soft and usu edible part inside a nut or fruit stone （坚果

或核果的）仁（通常可食）. =>illus at nut 见nut插图. 2 part of a grain or seed within

the hard outer shell （谷物去壳後的）粒, 子. 3 (fig 比喻) central or essential part (of

a subject, plan, problem, etc) 核心; 要点; 中心: the kernel of her argument 她的论

据的核心.

kerosene, kerosine (also kerosine)

/ 5kerEsi:n; `kZrE9sin/ n [U] (esp US) = paraffin 1: [attrib 作定语] a kerosene

lamp 煤油灯.

kestrel

/ 5kestrEl; `kZstrEl/ n type of small falcon 红隼. =>illus at App 1 见附录1插图,

page iv.

ketch

/ ketF; kZtF/ n small sailing-boat with two masts 双桅小帆船.

ketchup

/ 5ketFEp; `kZtFEp/ (also esp US catsup / 5ktsEp;`kAtsEp/) n [U] thick sauce

made from tomatoes, vinegar, etc and used cold as a seasoning 番茄酱.

kettle

/ 5ketl; `kZtl/ n 1 container with a spout, lid and handle, used for boiling

water （烧水用的）壶: boil (water in) the kettle and make some tea 烧壶水沏茶. 2

(idm 习语) a different kettle of fish => different. a `fine, `pretty, etc kettle of fish

messy, unpleasant or confusing situation 一团糟; 不愉快的事; 尴尬的局面. the pot

calling the kettle black => pot1.

kettledrum

/ 5ketldrQm; `kZtl9drQm/ n large brass or copper bowl-shaped drum with skin

stretched over the top, that can be tuned to an exact pitch 定音鼓. =>illus at App 1

见附录1插图, page xi.

key

/ ki:; ki/ n 1 [C] metal instrument shaped so that it will move the bolt of a lock

(and so lock or unlock sth) 钥匙: turn the key in the lock 转动锁孔中的钥匙 * the car

keys 汽车钥匙 * the key to the front door 前门的钥匙 * have a duplicate key cut, ie

made 配钥匙. =>illus 见插图. 2 [C] similar instrument for grasping and turning

sth, eg for winding a clock 类似钥匙的器具（如上钟表发条用的）: Where's the key for

turning off the radiator? 关散热器的开关在哪里? 3 [C] (a) (music 音) set of related

notes, based on a particular note, and forming the basis of (part of) a piece of

music 调: a sonata in the key of E flat major/A minor 一首降E大调[A小调]奏鸣曲 *

This piece changes key many times. 这首曲子有多处变调. (b) (fig 比喻) general tone

or style of sth （事 物的）基调, 调子, 调门儿: Her speech was all in the same key, ie

monotonous. 她的演说自始至终是一个调子（单调乏味）. 4 [C] any of the set of levers

that are pressed by the fingers to operate a typewriter, piano, etc （打字机、 钢琴

等的）键. =>illus at App 1 见附录1插图, pages x, xi. 5 [C] (a) set of answers to

exercises or problems 题解; 答案: a book of language tests, complete with key 附

答案的语言测验试题集. (b) explanation of the symbols used in a coded message or

on a map, diagram, etc （地图、 图表等上的）略语表, 符号表, 凡例, 图例. 6 [C usu

sing 通常作单数] ~ (to sth) thing that provides access, control or understanding 关

键; 要诀: Diet and exercise are the key (to good health). 吃固定食物、 做运动是（身

体健康的）关键. * The key to the whole affair was his jealousy. 整个事情的症结是因为

他忌妒. 7 [sing] roughness given to a surface so that plaster or paint will stick to it

（助灰浆或颜料附著的）粗糙表面: Gently sand the plastic to provide a key for the

paint. 用砂纸在塑料上轻轻打磨出粗糙面以便涂颜料. 8 [C] (botany 植) winged fruit

of some trees, eg the ash and elm 翅果（如 、 榆等树的果实）. =>illus at App 1 见

附录1插图, page i. 9 (idm 习语) under lock and key => lock2.

key

adj [attrib 作定语] very important or essential 极重要的; 关键性的: a key figure

in the dispute 争论中的关键人物 * a key industry, speech, position 重要的工业、 讲

话、 位置.

keyboard

n set of keys (key1 4) on a typewriter,piano, etc （打字机、 钢琴等的）键盘.

=>illus at computer见computer插图. v 1 [I] operate a keyboard (eg for setting

printing type) 用键盘操纵（如排字）. 2 [Tn] enter (data) in a computer by means of

a keyboard 用键盘将（数据）输入计算机. `keyboarder n person who operates a

keyboard 操作键盘的人.

keyhole

n hole through which a key is put into a lock 锁孔; 钥匙孔.

key money

payment illegally demanded from a new tenant of a house or flat before he is

allowed to move in 钥匙费（向新房客非法索取的费用）.

keynote

n 1 central theme of a speech, book, etc （演说、 书等的）要旨, 主题:

Unemployment has been the keynote of the conference. 会议的主题是失业问题. *

[attrib 作定语] a keynote speech, ie one setting the tone for or introducing the

theme of a meeting, etc 定基调的演说. 2 (music 音) note on which a musical key

is based 主音.

key-pad

n small keyboard of numbered buttons used instead of a dial on a telephone,

for selecting a channel, etc on a television set, or for entering data in a computer

按钮式电话机键盘; 电视频道选择键盘; 计算机袖珍键盘.

key-ring

n ring on which keys are kept 钥匙圈. =>illus 见插图.

key signature

(music 音) sharps and flats shown on a piece of music indicating the key in

which it is written 调号. =>illus at music 见music插图.

keystone

n 1 (architecture 建) central stone at the top of an arch locking the others

into position 拱顶石. 2 (usu sing 通常作单数) (fig 比喻) most important part of a

plan, an argument, etc on which all the other parts depend （计划、 论据等的）基

础, 主旨: Belief in a life after death is the keystone of her religious faith. 她的宗教信

仰的基础是相信死後有来生. Cf 参看 corner-stone (corner1).

key

/ ki:; ki/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.p] ~ sth (in) (computing 计) type in (data) using a

keyboard 用键盘输入（数据）: I've keyed this sentence (in) three times, and it's still

wrong!我把这个句子输入了三次, 可是仍然不对! 2 [Tn] roughen (a surface) so that

plaster or paint will stick to it 将（表面）弄粗糙（以便附著灰浆或颜料）. 3 (phr v) key

sth to sth (a) make sth similar to sth else 使某事物与他事物相似: She keyed her

mood to that of the other guests. 她控制住情绪使之与其他客人一致. (b) make sth

suitable for sth else 使某事物与他事物相适应: The farm was keyed to the needs of

the local people. 农场按当地人的需要作了调整. key sb up (usu passive 通常用於被动

语态) make sb excited, nervous or tense 使某人激动或紧张: The manager warned us

not to get too keyed up before the big match. 领队告诫我们在大赛之前不要太激动.

key (also cay)

/ ki:; ki/ n low island or reef, esp in the W Indies and off the coast of Florida 低

岛, 暗礁, 珊瑚礁（尤指西印度群岛和美国佛罗里达州海岸处）.

KG

/ 9keI 5dVi:; 9ke `dVi/ abbr 缩写 = (Brit) Knight (of the Order) of the Garter 嘉

德勋爵士; 英格兰最高爵级勋章: be made a KG 被封为嘉德勋爵士 * Sir Thomas Bell

KG 托马斯·贝尔嘉德勋爵士.

kg

abbr 缩写 = kilogram(s): 10 kg 10公斤.

KGB

/ 9keI dVi 5bi:; 9ke dVi `bi/ abbr 缩写 = USSR Intelligence Agency since 1953

(former Russian Komitet Gosudarstvennoi Bezopasnosti) 克格勃（建於1953年, 前

苏联国家安全委员会的略称）: a KGB agent 克格勃特工人员 * dealing with the KGB 与

克格勃打交道.

khaki

/ 5kB:kI; `kBkI/ n [U], adj (cloth of a) dull brownish-yellow colour, used esp for

military uniforms 土黄色（的）, 卡其布（的）（尤指用做军服的）.

kHz

abbr 缩写 = kilohertz. Cf 参看 Hz.

kibbutz

/ kI5bUts; kI`bJts/ n (pl kibbutzim / kIbU5tsi:m; kIbJ`tsim/) communal farm or

settlement in Israel 基布兹（以色列的合作农场或居民点）.

kibbutznik

/ -nIk; -nIk/ n member of a kibbutz 基布兹成员.

kick

/ kIk; kIk/ v 1 (a) [Tn, ] hit (sb/sth) with the foot 踢（某人[某物]）: Mummy,

Peter kicked me (on the leg)! 妈妈, 彼得踢我（腿）! (b) [Tn, , Tn.p] move (sth) by

doing this 踢动（某物）: He kicked the ball into the river. 他把球踢进河里了. * Can we

kick the ball around for a while? 我们可以在这一带踢一会儿球吗? (c) [] make

(sth) by kicking 踢成（某物）: He kicked a hole in the fence. 他在篱笆上踹了个洞. (d)

[I, Ip] move the foot or feet in a jerky violent way 猛烈地蹬、 跺: The child was

screaming and kicking. 那孩子边喊叫边跺脚. * Be careful of that horse it often

kicks. 小心那匹马--它常尥蹶子. * (fig 比喻) She kicks out when she's angry. 她发起怒

来暴跳如雷. 2 [Tn] ~oneself be very annoyed with oneself because one has done

sth stupid, missed an opportunity, etc （因干蠢事、 坐失良机等）懊悔, 内疚, 自责:

When I discovered I'd come for the appointment on the wrong day, I could have

kicked myself. 我来赴约发现把日期弄错了, 感到非常懊恼. 3 [Tn] (esp in Rugby

football) score (a goal or conversion) by kicking the ball （尤指英式橄榄球）踢球（射

门）得分: That's the twentieth goal he's kicked this season. 这是他本赛季踢进的第二

十个球. 4 [I] (of a gun) jerk backwards when fired （指枪炮）反冲, 後坐. 5 (idm 习

语) alive and kicking => alive. hit/kick a man when he's down => man. ,kick against

the `pricks hurt oneself by useless resistance or protest 作无谓的抵抗而自身受损; 自

讨苦吃. ,kick the `bucket (sl 俚) die 死; 蹬腿儿. `kick the habit (infml 口) give up an

addiction 戒除某嗜好: Doctors should try to persuade smokers to kick the habit. 医

生应说服吸烟者戒烟. ,kick one's `heels have nothing to do while waiting for sth 无聊

地等待某事物: She had to kick her heels for hours because the train was so late. 火

车晚点, 她无聊地等了几小时. ,kick over the `traces (of a person) refuse to accept

discipline or control (from parents, etc) （指人）拒不接受（父母等的）管束, 控制. kick

up/raise a dust => dust1. ,kick up a `fuss, `row, shindy, stink, etc (infml 口) cause a

disturbance, esp by protesting about sth 闹事, 骚动（尤指抗议某事）. ,kickup one's

`heels (infml 口) enjoy oneself enthusiastically尽情享乐; 乐得手舞足蹈. ,kick sb

up`stairs (infml 口) get rid of sb by promoting him to a position that seems more

important but in fact is less so 使某人明升暗降. 5 (phr v) kick against sth protest

about or resist sth 反对或反抗某事物: It's no use kicking against the rules. 反对这些

规定是徒劳的. kick around (infml 口) be present, alive or in existence 活著; 健在; 存

在: I've been kicking around Europe since I saw you last. 你我分别以来, 我一直在欧

洲各地生活. * My shirt is kicking around on the floor somewhere. 我的衬衫在地板上

的什麽地方. * an idea which has been kicking around for some considerable time

酝酿已久的意见. kick sth around/round (infml 口) discuss (plans, ideas, etc)

informally 随便商谈, 非正式地讨论（计划、 想法等）: We'll kick some ideas around

and make a decision tomorrow. 我们先酝酿一下, 明天再作决定. kick sth in break sth

inwards by kicking 向内踢某物: kick in a door 从外面把门踢开 * kick sb's teeth in 踢

掉某人的牙. kick `off start a football match (by kicking the ball) （足球）开球: United

kicked off and scored almost immediately. 联队开球後旋即得分. kick (sth) off begin

(a meeting, etc) 开始（会议等）: I'll ask Tessa to kick off (the discussion). 我叫特萨

开始（讨论）. kick sth off remove sth by kicking 踢掉某物: kick off one's slippers,

shoes, etc 踢脱拖鞋、 鞋等. kick sb out (of sth) (infml 口) expel sb or send him away

by force 驱逐某人; 用武力逼走某人: They kicked him out (of the club) for fighting.

他因为斗殴被开除（出俱乐部）.

kicker

n person who kicks 踢或踹的人.

kick-off

n start of a football match （足球比赛的）开球.

kick

/ kIk; kIk/ n 1 [C] act of kicking 踢; 踹: give sb a kick up the backside 踢某人

屁股一脚 * If the door won't open give it a kick. 门要是打不开就踹一下. 2 [C] (infml

口) thrill; feeling of pleasure 兴奋; 快感; 快乐: I get a big kick from motor racing. 我

觉得汽车比赛很刺激. * She gets her kicks from windsurfing and skiing. 她从帆板运动

和滑雪中得到极大乐趣. * do sth (just) for kicks （仅）为取乐而做某事. 3 [C] (infml 口)

(usu temporary) interest or activity （通常为一时的）兴趣, 喜好, 活动: (be on) a

health-food kick 一时喜好起保健食品. 4 [U, sing] (infml 口) strength; effectiveness

精力; 气力; 效力: He has no kick left in him. 他已精疲力竭. * This drink has (quite) a

kick (to it), ie is strong. 这酒（很）有劲儿. 5 (idm 习语) a kick in the teeth (infml 口)

unpleasant and often unexpected action 讨厌的、 且常为未料到的行动: The

Government's decision is a real kick in the teeth for the unions. 政府的决定是对工会

的重大打击.

kick-start

v [Tn] start (a motor cycle, etc) by pushing down a lever with one's foot 用脚启

动（摩托车等）. kick-start (also `kick-starter) n this lever （摩托车等的）脚踏起动器.

kickback

/ 5kIkbAk; `kIk9bAk/ n (infml 口) money paid to sb who has helped one to

make a profit, often illegally 回扣, 酬金（常指不合法的）.

kid

/ kId; kId/ n 1 (a) [C] (infml 口) child or young person 小孩; 年轻人: How are

your wife and kids? 夫人和孩子们都好吗? * Half the kids round here are

unemployed. 这里的年轻人有一半失业. (b) [attrib 作定语] (infml 口 esp US)

younger 较年幼的: his kid sister/brother 他的妹妹[弟弟]. 2 (a) [C] young goat 小山

羊. =>illus at goat 见goat插图. (b) [U] leather made from its skin 小山羊皮革: a bag

made of kid 小山羊皮手提包 * [attrib 作定语] a pair of kid gloves 一副小山羊皮手套.

3 (idm 习语) handle, treat, etc sb with kid `gloves deal with sb very gently or

tactfully 以温和的或圆通的手段对待某人.

kiddy (also kiddie)

n (infml 口) child 小孩儿.

kid-glove

adj [attrib 作定语] gentle; tactful 温柔的; 圆通的: Kid-glove methods haven't

worked it's time to get tough. 既然软的办法不行--那就来硬的.

kid

/ kId; kId/ v (-dd-) 1 [I, Tn] (infml 口) deceive (sb), esp playfully; tease 欺骗（某

人）; （尤指）戏弄; 取笑: You're kidding! 你这是开玩笑! * Don't kid yourself it won't

be easy. 别欺骗自己--这事不容易. 2 (idm 习语) ,no `kidding (infml 口) (used to

express surprise at what has been said 用於对听说的事表示惊异): (ironic 反语) `It's

raining.' `No kidding! I wondered why I was getting wet!' ｀下著雨呢.＇｀难怪! 我刚

才还纳闷怎麽身上有点湿呢!＇

kidnap

/ 5kIdnAp; `kIdnAp/ v (-pp-; US -p-) [Tn] steal (sb) away by force and illegally,

esp in order to obtain money or other (esp political) demands 诱拐, 绑架, 劫持（某

人）: Two businessmen have been kidnapped by terrorists. 有两个商人让恐怖分子绑

架了.

kidnap

n [attrib 作定语]: a kidnap attempt, plot, victim 绑架的企图、 阴谋、 事主.

kidnapper

n: The kidnappers have demanded 1 million for his safe release. 绑架的歹徒索

要100万英镑赎金才放他.

kidnapping

n [C, U] (act of) stealing sb away in this way 诱拐; 绑架; 劫持: The kidnapping

occurred in broad daylight. 在光天化日之下竟发生绑架事件.

kidney

/ 5kIdnI; `kIdnI/ n (pl ~s) 1 [C] either of a pair of organs in the body that

remove waste products from the blood and produce urine 肾; 肾脏. 2 [U,

C]kidney(s) of certain animals used as food （用作食物的）腰子: two kilos of lamb's

kidney 两公斤羊腰子 * [attrib 作定语] steak and kidney pie 牛肉腰子馅饼.

kidney bean

(plant producing a) reddish-brown kidney-shaped bean 菜豆.

kidney machine

(medical 医) machine that does the work of kidneys which have become

diseased 人工肾; 血液透析器: put a patient on a kidney machine 给病人装置人工肾.

kill

/ kIl; kIl/ v 1 [I, Tn, ] cause death or cause the death of (sb/sth) 致死; 杀

死, 扼杀（某人[某事物]）: Careless driving kills! 开车大意危及生命! * Cancer kills

thousands of people every year. 每年有数以千计的人死於癌症. * The guard was

killed with a high-powered rifle. 那卫兵被杀伤力大的火枪击毙了. * (fig infml 比喻,

口) My mother will kill me (ie be very angry with me) when she finds out where I've

been. 我母亲要是知道我到过那地方非把我宰了不可（一定大怒）. 2 [Tn] (infml 口) (usu

in the continuous tenses 通常用於进行时态) cause pain to (sb) 使（某人）疼痛, 痛苦:

My feet are killing me. 我的脚疼极了. 3 [Tn] (a) (esp in football) stop (a ball)

suddenly and completely with one's foot （尤指足球）停（球）. (b) (esp in tennis) hit

(a ball) so that it cannot be returned （尤指网球）扣（球）. 4 [Tn] bring (sth) to an

end 终止, 结束, 了结（某事物）: kill sb's affection, interest, appetite 使某人失去好感、

兴趣、 胃口 * the goal that killed Brazil's chances of winning 决定巴西队败局的一分.

5 [Tn, Cn.a] (infml 口) cause (sth) to fail or be rejected 使（某事物）失败, 遭拒绝: kill

a project, a proposal, an idea, etc (stone dead) 使一计划、 建议、 想法等不能实现 *

The play was killed by bad reviews. 那出戏被贬斥的评论扼杀了. 6 [Tn] (infml 口)

switch or turn off 关掉: kill a light, the radio, a car engine 关掉灯、 收音机、 汽车发

动机. 7 [Tn] make (one colour) appear ineffective by contrast with another 抵销

（某一色彩）的效果: The bright red of the curtains kills the brown of the carpet. 这

些鲜红色窗帘显得棕色地毯黯然失色. 8 (idm 习语) be dressed to kill => dress2.

curiositykilled the cat => curiosity. have time to kill => time1.,kill the fatted `calf

(fml or joc saying 文或谑, 谚) joyfully celebrate sb's return or arrival 欢宴或欢庆某

人的归来或到达. ,kill the ,goose that ,lays the ,golden `eggs (saying 谚) destroy

(through greed or carelessness) sth that would have produced continuous profit in

the future 杀鸡取卵; 自绝财源. kill oneself (doing sth/to do sth) (infml 口) try too

hard 过分努力: The party's at eight, but don't kill yourself getting here/to get here

on time. 八点钟聚会, 但是不必勉强赶时间来. ,kill or `cure [esp attrib 尤作定语] (likely

to) be either completely successful or a total failure 不是全胜就是大败: a kill-or-cure

approach to the problem 对问题采取非胜即败的态度 * The tough new measures on

drug abuse are likely to be a case of kill or cure. 禁毒新措施很强硬, 大有成败取决於

此之势. kill `time; kill two, a few, etc hours spend time as pleasantly as possible but

unprofitably, esp while waiting for sth 消磨时间（尤指等待时）: My flight was delayed,

so I killed time/killed two hours reading a book. 我那趟班机误点了, 我只好看书消磨

时间[打发了两小时]. kill ,two ,birds with ,one `stone achieve two aims with a single

action or simultaneously 一石二鸟; 一箭双 ; 一举两得. ,kill sb with `kindness harm

sb by being excessively or mistakenly kind 溺爱某人反而使其受损. 9 (phr v) kill

sb/sth off destroy or get rid of sb/sth 杀死某人; 破坏某事物; 除掉某人[某事物]: kill

off weeds, insects, rats 灭除杂草、 害虫、 老鼠 * He killed off all his political

opponents. 他把政敌排除一空. * (fig 比喻) The author kills off her hero in Chapter 7.

作者把她的主人翁安排在第七章中死去.

kill

n 1 act of killing 杀死: The lion made only one kill that day. 那天狮子只捕杀了

一个猎物. 2 (usu sing通常作单数) animal(s) killed 被杀死的动物: The

huntersbrought their kill back to camp. 猎人把猎物带回营地. 3 (idm 习语)

go/move in for the `kill prepare to finish off an opponent 准备干掉或打倒对手.

(be) ,in at the `kill (be) present at the climax of a struggle, etc 斗争等最激烈时在场:

She wants to be in at the kill when his business finally collapses. 她想在他的公司最

终倒台时亲 临现场.

killer

n person, animal or thing that kills 杀生的人、 动物或事物: Police are hunting

her killer. 警方正在追捕杀害她的凶手. * Heroin is a killer. 海洛因是致命的毒品. *

[attrib 作定语] a killer disease 致命的疾病 * Sharks have the killer instinct. 鲨鱼有嗜

杀的本性.

killjoy

n (derog 贬) person who spoils the enjoymentof others 使人扫兴的人.

killing

/ 5kIlIN; `kIlIN/ n (idm 习语) ,make a `killing have a great financial success 大走

财运; 鸿运亨通: She's made a killing on the stock market. 她在股票市场上大发了一笔

财.

killing

adj (infml 口) 1 exhausting 使人筋疲力尽的: walk at a killing pace 拚命赶路.

2 very amusing 极为有趣的; 滑稽可笑的: a killing joke 极为有趣的笑话. killingly adv

(infml 口) extremely 非常地; 极端地: a killingly funny film 非常有趣的影片.

kiln

/ kIln; kIln/ n oven for baking pottery or bricks, drying hops or wood, burning

lime, etc 窑.

kilo

/ 5ki:lEU; `kilo/ n (pl ~s) kilogram.

kilo-

comb form 构词成分 thousand 千: kilogram * kilometre. =>App 11 见附录11.

kilocycle

/ 5kIlEsaIkl; `kIlE9saIkl/ n (dated 旧) = kilohertz.

kilogram (also kilogramme)

/ 5kIlEgrAm; `kIlE9^rAm/ n (abbr 缩写 kg) basic unit of mass in the SI system;

1000 grams 千克; 公斤. =>App 5, 11 见附录5、 11.

kilohertz

/ 5kIlEh:ts; `kIlo9h[ts/ n (pl unchanged 复数不变) (abbr 缩写 kHz) (also

kilocycle) unit of frequency of electromagnetic waves; 1000 hertz 千赫（频率单位,

等於1000赫兹）.

kilometre (US kilometer)

/ 5kIlEmi:tE(r), kI5lCmItE(r);`kIlE9mitL/ n (abbr 缩写 km) metric unit of length;

1000 metres. 公里, 千米（公制长度单位, 等於1000米）. =>App 4,5 见附录4、 5.

kilowatt

/ 5kIlEwCt; `kIlE9wBt/ n (abbrs 缩写 kW, kw) unit of electrical power; 1000

watts 千瓦（电的功率单位, 等於1000瓦特）.

kilt

/ kIlt; kIlt/ n (a) pleated knee-length skirt of tartan wool, worn by men as part

of Scottish national costume （苏格兰男子穿的）短褶裙（羊毛织成长及膝盖, 为苏格

兰民族服装的一部分）. =>illus at bagpipes 见bagpipes插图. (b) similar skirt worn by

women or children （妇女或儿童穿的类似上述的）短褶裙.

kilted

adj wearing a kilt 穿著短褶裙的.

kimono

/ kI5mEUnEU; ?@ -nE; kE`monE/ n (pl ~s) (a) long loose Japanese robe with

wide sleeves, worn with a sash 和服（日式长袍）. (b) dressing-gown resembling this

（和服式）晨服.

kin

/ kIn; kIn/ n 1 [pl v] (dated or fml 旧或文) one's family and relatives 家人和亲

戚: All his kin were at the wedding. 他的家人和亲戚都参加了婚礼. * He's my kin, ie

related to me. 他是我的亲戚. * We are near kin, ie closely related. 我们是近亲. Cf 参

看 kindred 2. 2 (idm 习语) kith and kin => kith. no kin to sb not related to sb 与

某人无亲属关系. Cf 参看 next of kin (next1).

kinsfolk

/ 5kInzfEUk; `kInz9fok/ n [pl v] = kin.

kinship

n [U] 1 blood relationship 血缘关系; 亲属关系: claim kinship with sb 声称与某

人有血缘关系. 2 (fig 比喻) close sympathy or similarity of character 深切的同情; 性

格的相似: Even after meeting only once, they felt a kinship. 他们虽然只见了一面, 但

已是一见如故了.

kinsman

/ 5kInzmEn; `kInzmEn/ n (pl -men/-mEn; -mEn/)(fml 文) male relative 男亲属.

kinswoman

n (pl -women) (fml 文) female relative 女亲属.

kind

/ kaInd; kaInd/ adj friendly and thoughtful to others 亲切的; 和蔼的; 友好的; 仁

慈的; 慈爱的: Would you be kind enough to/be so kind as to help me? 请你帮帮我

的忙好吗? * a kind man, gesture, face, thought 友好的人、 姿势、 面容、 想法 * She

always has a kind word for (ie stops to speak kindly to) everyone. 她跟谁都能和蔼地

谈谈话.

kindly

adv 1 in a kind manner 亲切地; 和蔼地; 友好地; 仁慈地; 慈爱地: treat sb kindly

善待某人 * He spoke kindly to them. 他和蔼地和他们谈话. 2 (used when making

polite requests or ironically when ordering sb to do sth 用作请求时的礼貌用语或把

命令说成请求的反语) please 请: Would you kindly hold this for a moment? 请您帮著

拿一会儿这个东西. * Kindly leave me alone! 劳您驾别打扰我! 3 (idm 习语) take

kindly to sb/sth (usu in negative sentences 通常用於否定句) be pleased by sth;

accept sb/sth willingly 喜欢某事物; 欣然接受或接纳某人[某事物]: She didn't take (at

all) kindly to being called plump. 她（一点都）不喜欢人家说她丰满. * I don't think he

takes kindly to foreign tourists. 我认为他不喜欢外国游客.

kindness

n 1 [U] quality of being kind 亲切; 和蔼; 仁慈; 好意: She always shows

kindness to children and animals. 她对孩子和动物总是很温柔. * He did it entirely out

of kindness, not for the money. 他做那件事纯粹是出於好意, 并非为钱. 2 [C] kind

act 好心的表现或行为: I can never repay her many kindnesses to me. 我无法回报她

对我的许多帮助. 3 (idm 习语) do/show sb a `kindness do sth kind for sb 好心地为

某人做某事物. kill sb with kindness => kill. the milk of human kindness => milk1.

kind-hearted

adj having a kind nature; sympathetic 好心的; 善良的; 同情的.

kind

/ kaInd; kaInd/ n 1 [C] group having similar characteristics; sort; type; variety

种类: fruit of various kinds/various kinds of fruit 各种水果 * Do you want all the

same kind, or a mixture? 您都要同一种的还是要什锦的? * Don't trust him: I know his

kind, ie what sort of person he is. 别相信他, 这种人我了解. * She's not the kind (of

woman/person) to lie. 她不是那种爱撒谎的（女）人. 2 [U] nature; character 本质; 性

质: They differ in size but not in kind. 这些东西的区别只是大小不同而实质一样. 3

(idm 习语) in kind (a) (of payment) in goods or natural produce, not in money （指

偿付）以实物偿付: When he had no money, the farmer sometimes used to pay me in

kind, eg with a sack of potatoes. 那个农民没有现款时, 有时候给我些东西抵帐（如给一

袋土豆）. (b) (fig 比喻) with something similar 以同样方式: repay insults in kind, ie

by being insulting in return 受到侮辱後以同样方式侮辱对方. a kind of (infml 口)

(used to express uncertainty 用以表示不确): I had a kind of (ie a vague) feeling this

might happen. 我隐约感到这事可能发生. * He's a kind of unofficial adviser, but I'm

not sure exactly what he does. 他像个非官方的顾问, 但说不好他究竟是干什麽的. kind

of (infml 口) slightly; to some extent 稍微; 有点儿; 有几分: I'm not sure why, but I

feel kind of sorry for him. 不知为什麽, 我有点为他惋惜. * `Is she interested?' `Well,

kind of.' ｀她感兴趣吗?＇｀嗯, 有点儿.＇ nothing of the `kind/sort not at all like it 一

点都不像; 毫无类似处: People had told me she was very pleasant but she's nothing

of the kind. 人家告诉我她很可爱, 可是她根本不是那样. of a kind (a) very similar 很相

似的; 同一类的: They look alike, talk alike, even think alike they're two of a

kind/they're very much of a kind. 他们长得很像、 说话很像、 连想法都很像--他们俩

完全是一个类型. (b) (derog 贬) of an inferior kind 低劣的; 差劲的: The town offers

entertainments of a kind, but nothing like what you'll find in the city. 镇上有些所谓

的娱乐, 但与城里的截然不同. something of the kind something like what has been

said 类似所说的某事: Did you say they're moving? I'd heard something of the kind

myself. 是你说他们要搬家吗? 我也听到过这样的话.

kind

NOTE ON USAGE 用法: 1 After kind of/sort of it is usual to have a singular

noun 在kind of/sort of之後通常有个单数名词: What kind of/sort of tree is that? 那

是什麽树? * There are many different kinds of/sorts of snake in South America. 南

美洲有很多种蛇. Informally, it is possible to use a plural noun thus 口语中可以用复数

名词: I have met all kinds of/sorts of salesmen, tourists, etc. 我见过各种各样的售货

员、 游客等. In more formal usage the plural noun can be put in front 在比较庄重的

用语中, 复数名词可放在前面: People of that kind/sort never apologize. 那种人从来不

向人道歉. * Snakes of many kinds/sorts are found in South America. 南美洲有很多

种蛇. 2 Kind of/sort of are also used informally to indicate that somebody or

something is not genuine or of good quality, or to suggest vagueness 口语中 kind

of/sort of还可指某人或某事物的情况不是真的或不那麽好, 或表示说不准: I had a kind

of/sort of holiday in the summer but I couldn't really relax. 我算是放了暑假了, 但却

未能真正休息. * He gave a kind of/sort of smile and left the room. 他像是笑了一下

就离开了房间. 3 Kind of and sort of are used in very informal English as adverbs.

*kind of和sort of在极通俗的口语中可用作副词. They mean `to some extent' 这两个

词组的意思都是｀在某种程度上＇: She kind of/sort of likes him. 她有点儿喜欢他.

kindergarten

/ 5kIndEgB:tn; `kIndL9^Brtn/ n school for very young children; nursery school

幼儿园.

kindle

/ 5kIndl; `kIndl/ v 1 [I, Tn] (cause sth to) catch fire （使某物）燃烧, 著火: This

wood is too wet to kindle. 这木头潮得点不著. * The sparks kindled the dry grass. 有

些火星把乾草给引著了. 2 (fig 比喻) (a) [Tn] arouse or stimulate (feelings, etc) 激起

（感情等）: kindle hopes, interest, anger 激起希望、 兴趣、 怒火. (b) [I, Ipr] ~ (with

sth) become bright; shine or glow 发亮; 放光; 明亮起来: Her eyes kindled with

excitement. 她兴奋得双目炯炯发光.

kindling

/ 5kIndlIN; `kIndlIN/ n [U] small dry pieces of wood, etc for lighting fires 引火

物（小块的乾柴等）.

kindly

/ 5kaIndlI; `kaIndlI/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] (-ier, -iest) kind or friendly in

character, manner or appearance 亲切的; 和蔼的; 友好的; 仁慈的; 慈爱的: a kindly

man, voice, smile 慈祥的人、 声音、 微笑 * give sbsome kindly advice 给某人以友

好的劝告.

kindliness

n [U].

kindly

=> kind.

kindred

/ 5kIndrId; `kIndrId/ n (fml 文) 1 [U] family relationship 亲属关系: claim

kindred with sb 声称与某人有亲属关系. 2 [pl v] one's family and relatives 家人和亲

戚: Most of his kindred still live in Ireland. 他的亲戚大部分仍住在爱尔兰. Cf 参看 kin

1.

kindred

adj [attrib 作定语] (fml 文) 1 having a common source; related 同宗的; 同源

的; 有关的: kindred families 同宗亲属 * English and Dutch are kindred languages.

英语和荷兰语是同源的语言. 2 similar 类似的; 相似的: hunting and shooting and

kindred activities 打猎、 射击及之类的活动. 3 (idm 习语) a kindred `spirit person

whose tastes, feelings, etc are similar to one's own 意气相投的人: We immediately

realized that we were kindred spirits. 我们马上发觉彼此志同道合.

kinetic

/ kI5netIk; kI`nZtIk/ adj [esp attrib 尤作定语] of or produced by movement 运

动的; 运动引起的: kinetic energy, ie that generated by a moving body 动能.

kinetically

/ -klI; -klI/ adv.

kinetics

n [sing v] science of the relations between the movement of bodies and the

forces acting on them 动力学.

kinetic art

art (esp sculpture) that depends for its effect on the movement of some of its

parts, eg in air currents 动态艺术, （尤指）动态雕塑（藉活动部件在气流等中的运动造

成动感效果的）.

king

/ kIN; kIN/ n 1 (title of the) male ruler of an independent state, usu inheriting

the position by right of birth 君主; 国王; 国王的称号: the King of Denmark 丹麦国王

* King Edward VII 爱德华七世 * be made/crowned king 被立为[加冕为]国王. Cf 参看

queen. 2 person, animal or thing regarded as best or most important in some

way 重要的人、 动物或事物; 大王: To his fans, Elvis will always be `the King'. 埃尔维

斯的歌迷永远称他为歌王. * the king of beasts/of the jungle, ie the lion 百兽[丛林]之

王（狮子） * Barolo is the king of Italian red wines. 巴罗洛是意大利红葡萄酒之王. 3

[attrib 作定语] largest variety of a species 同类中之最大型的: king cobra, penguin,

prawn, etc 眼镜王蛇、 王企鹅、 宽沟对虾等. 4 (a) (in chess) the most important

piece （国际象棋的）王. =>illus at chess 见chess插图. (b) (in draughts) piece that

has been crowned on reaching the opponent's side of the board （国际跳棋的）王

棋（抵对方底线升为王的棋子）. (c) (in playing-cards) any of four cards with the picture

of a king on （纸牌中的）K: the king of spades 黑桃K. 5 (idm 习语) the

King's/Queen's English => English. a ,king's `ransom very large amount of money

重金; 巨款: That painting must be worth a king's ransom. 那幅画一定价值连城. turn

King's/Queen's evidence => evidence. the uncrowned king/queen => uncrowned.

kingly

adj of, like or suitable for a king; regal （似）国王的; 适於国王的; 威严的.

kingliness

n [U].

kingship

/ -FIp; -FIp/ n [U] condition of being, or official position of, a king 国王身分; 王

位; 王权.

kingmaker

n person who controls appointments to positions of high (esp political)

authority 操纵任命（尤指政界）要职的人.

kingpin

n 1 (engineering 工) vertical bolt used as a pivot 主销; 主螺栓. 2 (fig 比喻)

essential person or thing 主要的人或事物: He's the kingpin of the whole team. 他是

全队的主力.

king-size (also king-sized)

adj [esp attrib 尤作定语] larger than normal; extra large 比正常大的; 特大的: a

king-size bed, cigarette, hamburger 特大的床、 香烟、 汉堡包 * king-sized portions

特大份.

King's/Queen's Bench (abbrs 缩写 KB, QB)

(Brit law 律) division of the High Court of Justice （高等法院中的）王座法庭.

King's/Queen's Counsel (abbrs 缩写 KC, QC)

(Brit law 律) barrister appointed to act for the government 御用律师.

kingcup

/ 5kINkQp; `kIN9kQp/ n large variety of buttercup; marsh marigold 鳞茎毛莨;

驴蹄草.

kingdom

/ 5kINdEm; `kINdEm/ n 1 country or state ruled by a king or queen 王国: the

United Kingdom 英国. 2 any one of the three divisions of the natural world 界（大

自然的三大类别）: the animal, plant/vegetable and mineral kingdoms 动物、 植物、

矿物三界. 3 (fig 比喻) area belonging to or associated with a particular thing or

person 领域: the kingdom of the imagination 想像的领域 * the kingdom under the

waves, ie the sea 大海. 4 (idm 习语) till/until kingdom `come (infml 口) for ever

永久; 永远: Don't mention politics or we'll be here till kingdom come. 咱们别谈政治

吧, 否则一谈就没个完. to kingdom `come (infml 口) into the life after death 去天国:

gone to kingdom come, ie dead 上天国了（死了） * The bomb exploded and blew

them all to kingdom come. 炸弹爆炸把他们全都归天了.

kingfisher

/ 5kINfIFE(r); `kIN9fIFL/ n small brightly-coloured bird that dives to catch fish

in rivers, etc 翠鸟, 鱼狗（羽毛鲜艳、 能在河湖上潜水捕鱼的小鸟）. =>illus at App 1 见

附录1插图, page v.

kink

/ kINk; kINk/ n 1 sharp twist in sth that is normally straight, eg a wire, rope,

pipe, hair, etc 扭结（如铁丝、 绳索、 管子、 毛发等）. 2 (fig usu derog 比喻, 通常

作贬义) mental or moral peculiarity 乖僻; 奇想: He's got a few kinks in his

personality, if you ask me. 我认为他的个性有些怪僻.

kink

v [I, Tn, ] (cause sth to) form kinks （使某物）扭结: Keep the wire stretched

tight don't let it kink. 把铁丝拉紧, 别让它扭成结.

kinky

adj (infml derog 口, 贬) bizarre or abnormal, esp in sexual behaviour 变态的,

不正常的（尤指性行为）: There's lots of straight sex in the film, but nothing kinky. 那

部影片里有不少性行为镜头, 但是没有变态的.

kinkiness

n [U].

kinsfolk

=> kin.

kinsman

=> kin.

kinswoman

=> kin.

kiosk

/ 5ki:Csk; kI`Bsk/ n 1 small open structure where newspapers, refreshments,

etc are sold （出售报纸、 饮料等的）小摊棚, 售货亭. 2 (dated 旧 Brit) public

telephone box or booth 公用电话亭.

kip

/ kIp; kIp/ n [C usu sing, U 作可数名词时通常作单数, 亦作不可数名词] (Brit sl 俚)

sleep 睡觉: have a kip 睡一觉 * get some kip 睡会儿觉.

kip

v (-pp-) [I, Ipr, Ip] (Brit sl 俚) lie down to sleep 躺下睡觉: Could I kip here

tonight? 今晚我可以在这儿睡吗? * kip down (on the floor) （在地板上）躺下睡觉 * kip

out in a field 在田地里露宿.

kipper

/ 5kIpE(r); `kIpL/ n salted herring, split open and dried or smoked 腌晒或熏制的

鲱鱼.

Yom Kippur

/ 9jCm 5kIpE(r), 9jCm kI5pUE(r); 9jom`kIpL,9jomkI`pJr/ annual Jewish holiday

observed with fasting and prayers of penitence 赎罪日（一年一度的犹太人的节日, 於

此日禁食及作忏悔祈祷）.

kirk

/ k:k; k[k/ n (Scot 苏格兰) church 教堂: go to (the) kirk 上教堂去.

kirsch

/ kIEF; kILF/ n [U] colourless liqueur made from cherries （无色的）樱桃酒.

kismet

/ 5kIzmet, 5kIs-; `kIzmZt, `kIs-/ n [U] (rhet 修辞) destiny; fate 命运; 天命.

kiss

/ kIs; kIs/ v [I, Tn, ] 1 touch (sb/sth) with the lips to show affection or as a

greeting 吻（某人[某物]）: They kissed passionately when she arrived. 她一来到, 他

们就热烈亲吻. * kiss the children goodnight 吻孩子向他们道晚安 * She kissed him

on the lips. 她吻了吻他的双唇. 2 (idm 习语) kiss sth goodbye/kiss goodbye to sth

(sl 俚) accept the loss or failure of sth as certain 承认某事物的损失或失败已成定局:

You can kiss goodbye to a holiday this year we've no money! 今年你别指望度假了

--咱们没钱! 3 (phr v) kiss sth away remove sth with kisses 吻掉某物: Let mummy

kiss your tears away, ie help you to stop crying by kissing you. 让妈妈吻去你的眼泪.

kiss

n 1 touch or caress given with the lips 吻: give sb a kiss 给某人一吻. 2 (idm

习语) blow a kiss => blow1. the kiss of `death (infml esp joc 口, 尤作戏谑语)

apparently favourable action that makes failure certain 貌似有利却导致失败的行动:

one of those polite lukewarm reviews that are the kiss of death for a commercial

film 措辞温和有礼而其实是扼杀一营利影片的评论.

kissable

adj (approv 褒) inviting kisses 诱人亲吻的: kissable lips 撩人欲吻的唇 * Darling,

you look so kissable tonight. 亲爱的, 你今晚美得诱人欲吻.

kisser

n (sl 俚) mouth 嘴: a punch in the kisser 在嘴上的重击.

the kiss of life

mouth-to-mouth method of restoring breathing to save the life of sb injured

or rescued from drowning 口对口的人工呼吸: (fig 比喻) the Government's 2 million

kiss of life for the ailing cotton industry 政府为挽救气息奄奄的棉纺工业的200万英镑

应急款.

kit

/ kIt; kIt/ n 1 [U] clothing and personal equipment of a soldier, etc or a

traveller （士兵等或旅行者的）衣物和装备: They marched twenty miles in full kit. 他

们带著全副装备行军二十英里. 2 [C, U] equipment needed for a particular (esp

sporting) activity, situation or trade 为某种活动（尤指运动）、 场合或行业用的成套用

品: a `tool-kit 一套工具 * a first-`aid kit 一套急救用品 * a re`pair kit 一套修理工具 *

`shaving kit 刮脸用具 * `riding-kit 骑马装备 * `tennis kit 网球用具 * `sports kit 运动

用品. 3 [C] set of parts sold together to be assembled by the purchaser 配套元件

（供购买者装配的）: a kit to build a model railway locomotive 一套火车头模型拼具 *

[attrib 作定语] furniture in kit form 组合家具.

kit

v (-tt-) (phr v) kit sb out/up (with sth) equip sb 给某人装备: Kit this man out

with everything he needs. 他需要什麽就给他什麽装备. * He was all kitted out to go

skiing. 他已整装待发要去滑雪了.

kitbag

n long canvas bag in which soldiers, etc carry their kit 背色; 背袋; 行李袋.

kitchen

/ 5kItFIn; `kItFIn/ n 1 room or building in which meals are cooked or prepared

厨房: [attrib 作定语] the kitchen table 厨房用桌 * kitchen units, ie cupboards, etc

forming part of a fitted kitchen 厨房设备（如厨柜等）. 2 (idm 习语) everything but

the kitchen `sink (infml joc 口, 谑) every possible (movable) object 所有（能移动的）

物品: We always seem to take everything but the kitchen sink when we go on

holiday. 我们度假时好像总把一切能带的东西都带著.

kitchenette

/ 9kItFI5net; 9kItFIn`Zt/ n small room or part of a room used as a kitchen, eg in

a flat 小厨房; 房间里辟作厨事用的一角.

kitchen garden

garden or part of a garden where fruit and vegetables are grown 家庭菜园; 花

园中辟作种水果蔬菜的一角.

kitchen sink drama

type of British drama that attempts to show realistic working-class family life

（英国）工人阶级生活剧.

kite

/ kaIt; kaIt/ n 1 toy consisting of a light framework covered with paper, cloth,

etc that is flown in the wind at the end of a long string 风筝. 2 bird of prey of the

hawk family 鸢. 3 (idm 习语) fly a kite => fly2. fly a/one's kite => fly2.

kite-flying

n [U] 1 (sport of) flying kites in the wind 放风筝（的运动）. 2 (infml 口)

testing public reaction to sth by starting a rumour about it 放风声以试探舆论反应.

Kitemark

/ 5kaItmB:k; `kaIt9mBrk/ n (Brit) official mark, in the form of a kite, on goods

approved by the British Standards Institution 风筝标记（用在英国标准协会认可的商

品上, 形似风筝）.

kith

/ kIW; kIW/ n (idm 习语) kith and kin friends and relations 亲友.

kitsch

/ kItF; kItF/ n [U] (derog 贬) (a) cheap and showy vulgarity or pretentiousness

in art, design, etc （艺术、 设计等的）俗气、 矫饰等: That new lamp they've bought

is pure kitsch. 他们新买的那盏灯真俗气. (b) art, design, etc of this type 俗气的艺术、

设计等.

kitten

/ 5kItn; `kItn/ n 1 young cat 小猫. 2 (idm 习语) have `kittens (Brit infml 口)

be very anxious, tense, etc 焦虑; 烦躁: My mum'll have kittens if I'm not home by

midnight. 要是半夜我还不回家, 我妈妈一定很著急.

kittenish

adj playful like a kitten 小猫般淘气的; 顽皮的.

kitty

/ 5kItI; `kItI/ n 1 (in some card-games) pool of money to be played for （某些

牌戏中的）全部赌注. 2 (infml 口) any form of money for joint use, eg the savings of

a club 共同的资金（如俱乐部的储金）: We each put 2 in the kitty, and then sent John

to buy food for everybody. 我们每人凑2英镑, 让约翰去给大家买吃的.

kitty

/ 5kItI; `kItI/ n (infml 口) (used by or to young children 儿语) cat or kitten 小猫.

kiwi

/ 5ki:wi:; `kiwI/ n 1 New Zealand bird that cannot fly, with a long bill, short

wings and no tail 几维（产於新西兰的鸟, 喙长、 翼短、 无尾、 不能飞）. 2 Kiwi (infml

口) New Zealander, esp a soldier or member of a national sports team 新西兰人（尤

指士兵或国家运动员）.

kiwi fruit

small oval fruit with thin brown skin, soft green flesh and black seeds 猕猴桃.

KKK

/ 9keI keI 5keI; 9ke ke `ke/ abbr 缩写 = (US) Ku-Klux-Klan 三K党.

klaxon

/ 5klAksn; `klAksEn/ n (propr 专利名) powerful electric warning horn or siren

高音电喇叭或警报器.

Kleenex

/ 5kli:neks; `kli9nZks/ n [U, C] (pl unchanged or ~es 复数或不变或作 kleenexes)

(propr 专利名) (sheet of) soft paper tissue, used as a handkerchief, etc 纸巾: a

packet of Kleenex 一包纸巾.

kleptomania

/ 9kleptE5meInIE; 9klZptE`menIE/ n [U] illness that causes an uncontrollable

desire to steal things, often with no wish to possess the things stolen 偷窃狂; 盗窃

癖.

kleptomaniac

/ -nIAk; -nIAk/ n person suffering from kleptomania 患偷窃狂者; 有盗窃癖者.

adj [attrib 作定语]: kleptomaniac tendencies 患偷窃狂的; 有盗窃癖的.

km

abbr 缩写 = (pl unchanged or kms 复数或不变或作kms) kilometre(s): a 10 km

walk 步行10公里的路程 * distance to beach 2 kms 距海滨2公里.

kn

abbr 缩写 = (nautical 海) knot(s): 35 kn 35节.

knack

/ nAk; nAk/ n [sing] 1 skill at performing some special task; ability 技巧; 诀窍:

Making an omelette is easy once you've got the knack (of it). 一旦你掌握了煎蛋饼的

技巧, 做起来就很容易了. * There's a knack in/to locking this door which takes a

while to master. 锁这门要有窍门, 得用些时间才能学会. * I used to be able to skate

quite well, but I've lost the knack. 我从前滑水滑得很不错, 可现在没有这本事了. 2 ~

of doing sth (often annoying) habit of doing sth （常招人厌烦的）毛病, 习惯: My car

has a knack of breaking down just when I need it most. 我的汽车总是在我最需要的

时候抛锚.

knacker

/ 5nAkE(r); `nAkL/ n 1 person who buys and slaughters useless horses to sell

the meat and hides 购买并屠杀无用的马的人（为卖马肉和皮）. 2 person who buys

and breaks up old buildings, etc to sell the materials in them 收买并拆除旧建筑物等

以售其材料的人.

knacker's yard

knacker's place of business 上述两种人做生意的场所.

knacker

/ 5nAkE(r); `nAkL/ v [Tn] (Brit sl 俚) exhaust (sb); wear out 使（某人）筋疲力尽: All

this hard work is knackering me. 所有这些艰巨的工作把我累得筋疲力尽.

knackered

adj [esp pred 尤作表语] (Brit sl 俚) exhausted; worn out 筋疲力尽: I'm

completely knackered I ran all the way! 我累坏了--我是跑著来的!

knapsack

/ 5nApsAk; `nAp9sAk/ n (dated 旧) = rucksack.

knave

/ neIv; nev/ n 1 (fml 文) = jack1 4: the knave of hearts 红桃杰克. 2 (arch 古)

dishonest man; man without honour 不诚实的人; 不名誉的人.

knavery

/ 5neIvErI; `nevErI/ n [U] (arch 古) dishonesty; trickery 不诚实; 欺诈.

knavish

/ 5neIvIF; `nevIF/ adj (arch 古) deceitful 欺诈的.

knavishly

adv.

knave

/ neIv; nev/ n 1 (fml 文) = jack1 4: the knave of hearts 红桃杰克. 2 (arch 古)

dishonest man; man without honour 不诚实的人; 不名誉的人.

knavery

/ 5neIvErI; `nevErI/ n [U] (arch 古) dishonesty; trickery 不诚实; 欺诈.

knavish

/ 5neIvIF; `nevIF/ adj (arch 古) deceitful 欺诈的.

knavishly

adv.

knead

/ ni:d; nid/ v 1 [Tn, ] press and stretch (bread dough, wet clay, etc) with

the hands to form a firm smooth paste 揉, 捏（面团、 湿黏土等）: Knead the dough

(into a ball) 把面团揉成球形. 2 [Tn] massage (muscles, etc) firmly to relieve tension

or pain 按摩, 揉捏（肌肉等）.

knee

/ ni:; ni/ n 1 (a) joint between the thigh and lower part of the human leg;

corresponding joint in animals 膝; 膝盖. =>illus at human 见human插图. (b)

upper surface of a sitting person's thigh （人坐著时）大腿的朝上的面: sit on my knee

坐在我的腿上 * You'll have to eat your dinner off your knees, I'm afraid! 对不起, 这

顿饭你只好把餐具放在腿上吃了! 2 part of a garment covering the knee （裤子等的）

膝部: These trousers are torn at the knee. 这裤子的膝部破了. 3 (idm 习语) be/go

(down) on one's `knees kneel or be kneeling (down), esp when praying or to show

that one accepts defeat 跪下, 跪著（尤指祈祷或屈服时）. the bee's knees => bee1.

bring sb to his `knees force sb to submit 迫使某人屈服: (fig 比喻) The country was

almost brought to its knees by the long strike. 经长期罢工, 国家已濒临崩溃的边缘.

on bended knee => bend1. weak at the knees => weak.

knee

v (pt, pp kneed) [Tn, , Cn.a] strike or push with the knee 用膝盖顶或撞:

knee sb (in the groin) 用膝盖顶某人（的阴部） * knee the door open 用膝盖把门撞

开.

knee-breeches

n [pl] breeches reaching to or just below the knee （及膝或刚过膝的）短裤.

kneecap

n small bone covering the front of the knee joint 髌骨; 膝盖骨. =>illus at

skeleton 见skeleton插图. v (-pp-) [Tn] (of terrorist groups) lame (sb) by breaking

the kneecaps, esp by shooting at them （指恐怖集团）击碎（某人）的膝盖骨（尤指

枪击）.

kneecapping

n [C, U] (instance of) this practice 击碎膝盖骨.

knee-deep

adj 1 deep enough to reach the knees 深及膝的: the snow was knee-deep in

places. 有些地方雪深及膝. 2 ~ in sth (fig 比喻) deeply involved in or very busy

with sth 深陷其中; 忙於某事: be knee-deep in trouble, work 烦恼、 工作缠身. adv:

He went knee-deep in the icy water. 他在及膝深的冰冷的水中跋涉.

knee-high

adj 1 high enough to reach the knees 及膝高的: ,knee-high `grass 及膝高的草.

2 (idm 习语) knee-high to a `grasshopper (joc 谑) still just a very small child 还是

很小的孩子: I've known him since he was knee-high to a grasshopper. 他很小的时候

我就认识他了.

knee-jerk

n 1 involuntary jerk of the leg when a tendon below the knee is struck 膝反射.

2 [attrib 作定语] (fig derog 比喻, 贬) done or produced automaticallyand without

thought 自动的; 不经思考而做的: a knee-jerk reaction to the mention of

Communism 一提共产主义就不加思索做出的反应.

knee-length

adj long enough to reach the knee 长及膝部的: a knee-length skirt 长及膝部的

裙子.

knees-up

n (Brit infml 口) lively party, usu with dancing 活跃的集会（通常有跳舞项目）.

kneel

/ ni:l; nil/ v (pt, pp knelt / nelt; nZlt/ or esp US kneeled) =>Usage at dream 用

法见dream. [I, Ipr, Ip] ~ (down) go down on one or both knees; rest on the knee(s)

单膝或双膝跪下; 屈膝: She knelt in prayer. 她跪下祈祷. * kneel down (on the grass)

to examine a flower （在草地上）跪下细看一朵花.

knell

/ nel; nZl/ n (usu sing 通常作单数) 1 sound of a bell rung slowly after a death

or at a funeral 丧钟声. 2 (fig rhet 比喻, 修辞) sign that sth has ended for ever 某

事物结束的徵兆: It sounded the (death-)knell of all her hopes. 那事听起来就像是给她

的一切希望敲起了丧钟.

knew

pt of know.

knick-knack (also nick-nack)

/ 5nIk nAk; `nIk9nAk/ n (esp pl 尤作复数) (sometimes derog 有时作贬义) small

ornamental article, usu of little value 小饰物; 小玩意儿.

knickerbockers

/ 5nIkEbCkEz; `nIkL9bBkLz/ (US knickers / 5nIkEz; `nIkAz/) n [pl] (esp formerly)

loose wide breeches gathered just below the knee （尤指旧时）灯笼裤.

knickers

/ 5nIkEz; `nIkLz/ n [pl] 1 (Brit) woman's or girl's underpants （女用）内裤: a pair

of knickers 一条女用内裤. 2 (US) = knickerbockers. 3 (idm 习语) get one's

`knickers in a twist (Brit sl 俚) become angry, confused, nervous, etc; react to sth

more strongly than is necessary 恼火、 困惑、 紧张等; 对某事物反应过激.

knife

/ naIf; naIf/ n (pl knives / naIvz; naIvz/) 1 sharp blade with a handle, used for

cutting or as a weapon 刀: a `table-knife 餐刀 * a `carving-knife 切熟肉的刀 * a

`paper-knife 裁纸刀 * He'd been stabbed four times with a kitchen knife. 有人用菜

刀捅了他四刀. 2 cutting blade in a machine or tool （机器或工具的）刀. 3 (idm 习

语) you could ,cut it with a `knife (infml 口) it was very obvious or heavy 很明显; 很

突出; 浓重: His accent is so thick you could cut it with a knife I can hardly

understand a word he says. 他的口音很重--我简直一个字都听不懂. get one's knife

into sb/have one's knife in sb try to harm sb spitefully (not usu physically) 欲加害某

人（通常指非肉体的伤害）. like a knife through butter easily; without meeting any

resistance or difficulty 容易; 遇不到抵抗或困难: The power saw sliced the logs like a

knife through butter. 电锯轻而易举就把原木锯成薄板了. * His strong voice cut

through the hum of conversation like a knife through butter. 他那宏亮 有力的声音

一下子压倒了嗡嗡的谈话声. under the `knife (dated or joc 旧或谑) having surgery 在

动手术.

knife

v [Tn, ] cut or stab (sb) with a knife 用刀切割或刺（某人）: The victim had

been knifed (in the chest). 受害人（於胸部）中刀.

knife-edge

n (usu sing 通常作单数) 1 cutting edge of the blade of a knife 刀刃. 2 (idm

习语) on a knife-edge (a) (of a person) nervous (about the outcome of sth) （指人）

（对某事物的结果）十分焦虑: He's on a knife-edge about his exam results. 他对考试

成绩十分担心. (b) (of a situation, etc) at a critical point （指情况等）处於紧要关头: The

success of the project is still very much on a knife-edge. 这一项目的成败目前仍处於

关键时刻.

knight

/ naIt; naIt/ n 1 (abbr 缩写 Kt) man to whom the sovereign has given a rank

of honour, lower than that of baronet, having the title `Sir' used before the first

name, with or without the surname 爵士（低於准男爵的等级, 其名前冠以Sir, 带不带

姓均可）: Sir James Hill (Kt) 詹姆斯·希尔爵士 * Good morning, Sir James. 早上好, 詹

姆斯爵士. 2 (in the Middle Ages) man raised to honourable military rank, serving

as a heavily armed horseman （中古时代的）骑士. 3 (abbr 缩写 Kt) chess piece, usu

shaped like a horse's head （国际象棋的）马. =>illus at chess 见chess插图.

knight

v [esp passive 尤用於被动语态: Tn, ] make (sb) a knight 封（某人）为爵士: He

was knighted in the last Honours List (for services to industry). 他对工业界有贡献被

封为爵士, 列入最新受勋者名册.

knighthood

/ -hUd; -hJd/ n 1 [C] title and rank of a knight 爵士或骑士的称号和身分: The

Queen conferred a knighthood on him. 女王授予他爵士称号. 2 [U] rank, character

or dignity of a knight 爵士或骑士的身分、 品德或尊严: Knighthood was an ideal in

medieval Europe. 在中世纪的欧洲, 能获封爵士即是登峰造极了.

knightly

adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] (fml 文) of or like a knight; chivalrous （似）骑士或

爵士的; 侠义的: knightly qualities, virtues, etc 骑士的气概、 美德等.

knight errant (pl knights errant)

medieval knight who wandered in search of adventure （中世纪的）游侠骑士.

knit

/ nIt; nIt/ v (-tt-, pt, pp knitted; in sense 3, usu 用於下述第三义时通常作knit) 1

[I, Tn, Dn.n, ] ~ sth (for sb) make (a garment or fabric) by forming wool, silk,

etc yarn into connecting loops, either by hand (using long needles) or on a

machine 编织, 针织（衣物等）: Do you know how to knit? 你会织毛活儿吗? * She

knitted her son a sweater. 她给儿子织了一件毛衣. 2 [I, Tn] (in knitting instructions)

make a plain (ie not a purl) stitch （编织法中）织（平针）: knit one, purl one 织一

正针、 一反针. 3 [I, Ip, Tn, Tn.p] ~ (sth) (together)(cause sth to) join or grow firmly

together （使某物）连接或牢固地长在一起: The broken bones have knit (together)

well. 断骨已愈合良好. * a well-knit frame, ie a compact sturdy body 结实的体格 *

(fig 比喻) a closely-knit argument 严密的论据 * (fig 比喻) The two groups are knit

together by common interests. 这两集团因有共同利益而联合在一起. 4 (idm 习语)

knit one's `brow(s) frown 皱眉.

knitter

n person who knits 编织者.

knitting

n [U] material that is being knitted 编织物: Oh dear, I've left my knitting on the

bus! 哎呀, 我把毛活儿落在公共汽车上了!

knitting-machine

n machine that knits 编织机; 针织机.

knitting-needle

n long thin pointed rod used esp in pairs for knitting by hand 织针; （尤指）编

结针.

knitwear

n [U] knitted garments 针织衣服: [attrib 作定语] a knitwear factory 针织厂.

knob

/ nCb; nBb/ n 1 (a) round handle (of a door, drawer, etc) （门、 抽屉等的）圆

形拉手. (b) round control button (for adjusting a radio, TV, etc) （收音机、 电视机等

的）旋钮. 2 round lump on the surface of sth, eg a tree trunk 结节, 瘤, 疙瘩（如树

干上的）. 3 small lump (of butter, coal, etc) （黄油、 煤等的）小块. 4 (idm 习语) with

knobs on (Brit sl 俚) (used to indicate the return of an insult, or emphatic

agreement 用以表示反唇相讥或强调同意): `You're a selfish pig!' `And the same to

you, with knobs on!' ｀自私鬼!＇｀你才是呢, 你是双料的!＇

knobbly

/ 5nCblI; `nBblI/ adj having many small hard lumps on 多结节的; 多疙瘩的:

knobbly knees 长著很多结节的膝盖.

knock

/ nCk; nBk/ n 1 (sound of a) sharp blow 短促的敲或打（的声音）: Did I hear a

knock at the door? 是有人敲门吗? * If you're not up by eight o'clock I'll give you a

knock, ie wake you by knocking at your door. 要是八点钟你还不起床, 我就来敲你的

门. * She fell off her bike and got a nasty knock. 她从自行车上摔下来, 摔得很重. * In

football you have to get used to hard knocks. 踢足球就得经得起碰撞. 2 (in an

engine) sound of knocking (knock2 2) （发动机的）爆震声: What's that knock I can

hear? 我听到发动机有爆震声是怎麽回事啊? 3 (infml 口) (in cricket) innings （板球

的）一局: That was a good knock: 86 not out. 那局真漂亮, 打了86分还未出局. 4

(idm 习语) take a `knock (infml 口) suffer a financial or an emotional blow 蒙受经

济或感情上的打击: She took a bad knock when her husband died. 她丈夫一死她受到

沉重的打击.

knock

/ nCk; nBk/ v 1 [Tn, ] strike (sth) with a sharp blow 敲, 打（某物）: Mind

you don't knock your head (on this low beam). 小心, 别（让这根低梁）撞著头. 2 [I,

Ipr] make a noise by striking sth 敲击某物出声: knock three times (at the door, on

the window, etc) 敲三下（门、 窗等）. =>Usage at bang1 用法见bang1. 3 (a) [Cn.a,

Cn.g] cause (sb/sth) to be in a certain state or position by striking (him/it) 将（某人

[某物]）击成某状态: The fall knocked me senseless. 那一跤 得我失去了知觉. * He

knocked me flat with one punch. 他一拳把我击倒了. * He knocked my drink flying.

他打翻了我的饮料. (b) [] make (sth) by striking 敲击成某物: knock a hole in the

wall 在墙上凿个洞. 4 [I] (of a faulty petrol engine) make a tapping or thumping

noise （指有故障的汽油发动机）发出爆震声. 5 [Tn] (infml 口) say critical or insulting

things about (sb/sth) 批评, 数落, 非难（某人[某事物]）: The newspapers are too fond

of knocking the England team. 报纸专门爱挖苦英格兰队. * He's always knocking the

way I do things. 他总是挑剔我做得不对. 6 (idm 习语) beat/knock the daylights out

of sb => daylights. beat/knock hell out of sb/sth => hell. get/knock sb/sth into

shape => shape1. hit/knock sb for six => hit1. knock sb's `block/`head off (sl 俚)

(used esp when threatening sb 尤用於威胁某人) strike sb in anger 狠打某人: Call

me that again and I'll knock your block off! 你再那麽叫我, 我就揍你! knock the

bottom out of sth cause sth to collapse 使某事物垮台: It knocked the bottom out of

the coffee market, ie caused the price of coffee to fall sharply. 这一来咖啡的市场价

格暴跌. * She knocked the bottom out of our argument. 她把我们的论点驳得体无完

肤. knock your/their `heads together (infml 口) force people to stop quarrelling

and behave sensibly 强力使人不再争吵而恢复理智: I often feel that politicians

should have their heads knocked together, like naughty children 我时常觉得应该像

教训淘气孩子那样让政治家停止争吵. knock sb/sth into a cocked `hat defeat or

outclass sb/sth 挫败或超过某人[某事物]: A true professional could knock my efforts

into a cocked hat. 遇上真正行家我的工作就相形见绌了. knock it `off (sl 俚) (esp

imperative 尤用於祈使句) stop a noise, an argument, etc 别吵了、 别争了: Knock it

off, kids, I'm trying to sleep! 孩子们, 别闹了, 我要睡觉了! knock sb off his

`pedestal/perch (infml 口) defeat sb; show that sb is no longer best at sth 击败某人;

显示某人不再首屈一指. knock sb `sideways (infml 口) defeat sb; astonish sb 击败某

人; 使某人惊讶. knock `spots off sb/sth (infml 口) be much better than sb/sth 远胜

於某人[某事物]: In learning foreign languages, the girls knock spots off the boys

every time. 学习外语女孩总是比男孩强. knock the stuffing out of sb (infml 口) make

sb feeble, weak or demoralized 使某人衰弱或泄气: His failure in the exam has

knocked all the stuffing out of him. 他考试未及格便一蹶不振. knock them in the

`aisles (infml 口) (of a theatre performance, etc) be very successful with the

audience （指戏剧演出等）大受观众欢迎. you could have knocked me down with a

`feather (infml 口) (used esp as an exclamation 尤用作感叹语) I was amazed 我很惊

奇. 7 (phr v) knock about (...) (infml 口) lead an unsettled life, travelling and living

in various places 漫游; 流浪: spend a few years knocking about (in) Europe 在欧洲

各地游历了几年. knock about with sb/together (infml 口) be often in sb's/each

other's company 经常和某人作伴[互相在一起]. knock sb/sth about (infml 口) hit

sb/sth repeatedly; treat sb/sth roughly 反覆打击或粗暴对待某人[某事物]: She gets

knocked about by her husband. 她常受丈夫虐待. * The car's been knocked about a

bit, but it still goes. 汽车虽然受到多次碰撞, 但仍能开.

knock sth back

(infml 口) drink sth quickly 很快喝掉某物: knock back a pint of beer 很快喝完一

品脱啤酒.

knock sb down

strike sb to the ground or the floor 将某人击倒或撞倒在地上: She was knocked

down by a bus. 她被公共汽车撞倒了. * He knocked his opponent down three times

in the first round. 在第一回合中他把对手击倒了三次. knock sth down demolish sth

拆除某物: These old houses are going to be knocked down. 这些旧房子将予拆除.

knock sth down (to sb) (infml 口) (at an auction sale) sell sth (to a bidder) （拍卖时）

卖出某物（给出价人）: The painting was knocked down (to an American dealer) for

5000. 那幅画拍卖时以5000英镑售出（给一个美国商人）. knock sth/sb down (force sb

to) reduce (a price or charge) （迫使某人）减（价或费用）: I managed to knock his

price/him down (from 500 to 450). 我设法压了他的价（从500英镑减到450英镑）.

knock sth in; knock sth into sth

make sth enter sth by striking it 将某物打进另一物: knock in a few nails 钉进几

颗钉子.

knock off (sth)

(infml 口) stop doing sth (esp work) 停止做某事（尤指工作）: What time do you

knock off (work)? 你什麽时候下班? knock sb off (sl 俚) murder sb 谋杀某人. knock

sth off (a) deduct sth from a price or charge 减价; 杀价: It cost me 10 but I'll knock

off 20% as it's no longer new. 那是我花10英镑买的, 因为已经旧了我减价20%. (b)

(infml 口) complete sth quickly 迅速完成某事物: knock off two whole chapters in an

hour 一小时就完成整整两章. (c) (sl 俚) steal (from) sth 偷盗某物; 抢劫某物: knock off

some watches from a shop 从商店偷走几块手表 * knock off a bank 抢劫银行. knock

sth off (sth) remove sth by striking it 打掉某物: knock sb's glass off the table 把某人

的玻璃杯从桌上碰掉.

knock (sth) on

(in Rugby football) illegally knock (the ball) forward with the hands （英式橄榄

球）违例用手向前击（球）: He accidentally knocked on (the pass from Jones). 他非

故意犯规, 用手向前击了（从琼斯传来的）球.

knock sb out

(a) (in boxing) strike (an opponent) so that he cannot rise or continue in a

specified time and so loses the fight （拳击）击倒（对手）（获胜）. (b) make sb

unconscious by means of a blow, alcoholic drink, etc 击昏或灌醉某人: Don't drink

too much of this it'll knock you out! 这种酒别喝太多--喝多了就醉了! (c) (infml 口)

overwhelm or astonish sb 使某人经受不了或极为震惊: The film just knocked me out

it's the best thing I've ever seen. 这电影好得不得了--是我看过的最好的一部. knock

sb/oneself out make sb/oneself exhausted, ill, etc 使某人[自己]筋疲力尽、 病倒等:

She's knocking herself out with all that work. 她做的工作把她累得筋疲力尽. knock

sb out (of sth) eliminate sb (from a competition) by defeating him 淘汰某人: France

knocked Belgium out (of the European Cup). 法国队将比利时队淘汰（出欧洲杯足球

赛）了. knock sth out (on sth) empty (a tobacco pipe) by knocking it (against sth) 倒

净（烟斗）.

knock sb/sth over

upset sb/sth by striking him/it 撞倒某人[某物]: You've knocked over my drink!

你把我的饮料打翻了!

knock sth together

make or complete sth quickly and often not very well 匆匆做完某事物: knock

bookshelves together from old planks 用旧木板匆匆钉成书架 * knock a few scenes

together to make a play 草草将几幕拼凑成一个话剧.

knock up

(in tennis, badminton, etc) practise hitting the ball before the start of a match

（网球、 羽毛球等）赛前练球. knock sb up (a) (Brit infml 口) awaken sb by knocking

on his door, etc （敲门、 窗等）叫醒某人: Would you please knock me up at 7 o'clock?

请7点钟敲门把我叫醒行吗? (b) ( sl 讳, 俚 esp US) make (a woman) pregnant 使

（女子）怀孕. knock sth up (a) prepare or make sth quickly and without much

planning 匆匆准备或做某事物: Even though they weren't expecting us, they

managed to knock up a marvellous meal. 他们虽然没想到我们要来, 但还是设法匆匆

做好一顿丰盛的饭. (b) (in cricket) score (runs) （板球）得（分）: knock up a quick fifty

击球後速跑得50分.

knockabout

adj (esp of a theatrical performance) rough and boisterous in a funny way;

slapstick （尤指戏剧演出）粗俗滑稽的, 打闹的: knockabout humour/comedy/farce 胡

闹的幽默[喜剧/闹剧].

knock-down

adj [attrib 作定语] (a) (of prices) very low （指价格）低廉的. (b) (of furniture) easy

to dismantle and reassemble （指家具）易於拆装的.

knock-kneed

adj having legs abnormally curved so that the knees touch when standing or

walking 膝外翻的.

knock-on

n (in Rugby football) act of knocking the ball on （英式橄榄球）违例用手向前击

球. knock-on effect indirect result of an action 间接结果: The closure of the car

factory had a knock-on effect on the tyre manufacturers. 汽车厂关闭後, 轮胎制造商

受到间接的影响.

knock-out

n 1 blow that knocks a boxer out 将对方击倒而获胜的一击: He has won most

of his fights by knock-outs. 他在拳赛中多以击倒对方获胜. * [attrib 作定语] a

knock-out punch 将对手击倒的一拳. 2 [attrib 作定语] (of a drug) causing sleep or

unconsciousness （指药）引起昏迷的: knock-out drops/pills 麻醉滴剂[丸剂]. 3

competition in which the loser of each successive round is eliminated 淘汰赛:

[attrib 作定语] a knock-outtournament 淘汰赛. 4 (infml 口) outstandingly

impressiveperson or thing 引人注目的人或物: She's an absolute knock-out, ie very

beautiful. 她漂亮极了. * [attrib 作定语] a knock-out idea 绝妙的主意.

knock-up

n [sing] (in tennis, badminton, etc) period of practice before a match （网球、 羽

毛球等的）赛前练球: have a quick knock-up 用很短的时间练球.

knocker

/ 5nCkE(r); `nBkL/ n 1 [C] hinged metal hammer attached to a door, used for

knocking by sb outside who wants the door to be opened 门环. =>illus at App 1

见附录1插图, page vi. 2 [C] (infml 口) person who constantly criticizes 一味批评的

人; 吹毛求疵的人. 3 knockers [pl] ( Brit sl sexist 讳, 俚, 性别偏见) woman's

breasts 女子的乳房: a nice pair of knockers 一对漂亮的乳房.

knoll

/ nEUl; nol/ n small round hill or mound 小圆丘; 小土墩.

Gordian knot

/ 5gR:dIEn 5nCt; 9^RrdIEn `nBt/ n 1 difficult or seemingly impossible

problem or task 戈尔迪之结（棘手的问题或艰巨的任务）. 2 (idm 习语) cut the

Gordian `knot solve a problem by forcefully direct but unorthodox methods 用快

刀斩乱麻的方式解决问题.

knot

/ nCt; nBt/ n 1 fastening made by tying a piece or pieces of string, rope, etc

（绳索等的）结: make a knot at the end of the rope 在绳头上打个结 * tie the two

ropes together with a secure knot 打个结实的结把这两条绳系在一起. =>illus 见插图.

2 ornament or decoration made of ribbon, etc twisted and tied （用丝带等打成的）

装饰性花结. 3 tangle; twistedpiece 扭结; 纠结: comb a knot out of one's hair 梳个

发髻. 4 hard round spot in timber where a branch used to join the trunk or

another branch （木材上的）结节, 节瘤. =>illus at grain 见grain插图. 5 small

gathering (of people or things) （人或物的）小群, 小簇: a knot of people arguing

outside the pub 在酒店外争论著的一小群人. 6 (idm 习语) cut the Gordian knot =>

Gordian knot. tie sb/oneself in knots => tie2. tie the knot => tie2.

knot

v (-tt-) 1 [I, Tn, Tn.p] (cause sth to) form knots （使某物）打结, 缠结: My hair

knots easily. 我的头发爱打结. * knot two ropes together 把两条绳子系在一起. 2 [Tn]

fasten (sth) with a knot or knots 打结系牢（某物）: knot one's tie loosely 打个很松

的领结. 3 (idm 习语) get `knotted (Brit sl 俚) (used to express contempt,

annoyance, etc 用以表示轻蔑、 恼怒等): If he asks you for money again just tell him

to get knotted. 要是他再向你要钱, 乾脆叫他滚.

knotty

adj (-ier, -iest) 1 (of timber) full of knots （指木材）多结节的, 多节瘤的. 2

puzzling; difficult 棘手的; 困难的: a knotty problem, question, etc 难以解决的疑难、

问题等.

knot-hole

n hole in a piece of timber where a knot1(4) has fallen out （木材上的）节孔（节

结脱落形成的空洞）.

knot

/ nCt; nBt/ n (usu pl 通常作复数) (nautical 海) 1 unit of speed (one nautical

mile per hour) used by ships and aircraft 节（速度单位, 为每小时一海里, 用以测船和

飞行器的航速）. =>App 5 见附录5. 2 (idm 习语) at a rate of knots => rate.

know

/ nEU; no/ v (pt knew / nju:; ?@ nu:; nu/, pp known / nEUn; non/) 1 (a) [I, Tn, Tf,

Tw, Tt, Cn.t] have (sth) in one's mind or memory as a result of experience or

learning or information 知道, 懂得, 了解（某事物）: I'm not guessing I know! 我不

是猜想--我知道! * She doesn't know your address. 她不知道你的地址. * Every child

knows (that) two and two make four. 孩子都知道二加二等於四. * I knew where he

was hiding. 我知道他躲在什麽地方. * Do you know who Napoleon was? 你知道拿破

仑是谁吗? * Does he know to come here (ie that he should come here) first? 他知道

要先到这里来吗? * We knew her to be honest. 我们知道她很诚实. (b) [Tnt, Tni] (only

in the past and perfect tenses 只用於过去时态和完成时态) have seen, heard, etc 见

过、 听过等: I've never known it (to) snow in July before. 我从未听说过有七月下雪的

事. * He's sometimes been known to sit there all day. 有时能见到他整天坐在那里. 2

[Tf] feel certain 确知; 确信: I know (that) it's here somewhere it must be! 我肯定是

在这里的什麽地方--没错! 3 (a) [Tn] be acquainted with (sb) 认识（某人）: Do you

know Bob Hill? ie Have you met him, talked with him, etc? 你认识鲍勃·希尔吗? * I

know him by sight, but not to talk to, ie I have seen him but never spoken to him.

我见过他, 但没跟他说过话. * We've known each other since we were children. 我们

从小就认识. (b) [Tn, Cn.n/a] ~ sth (as sth) be familiar with (a place) 熟悉（某地）: I

know Paris better than Rome. 我对巴黎比对罗马熟悉. * I know London as the place

where I spent my childhood. 我熟悉伦敦, 那是我度过童年的地方. 4 [Cn.n/a often

passive 常用於被动语态] ~ sb/sth as sth regard sb/sth as (being) sth 认定某人[某事

物]为某事物: It's known as the most dangerous part of the city. 那地方都知道是市内

最危险的地段. * We know John Smith as a fine lawyer and a good friend. 我们认为约

翰·史密斯是一位很好的律师和朋友. 5 [Cn.n/a usu passive 通常用於被动语态] ~

sb/sth as sth call, nickname or label sb/sth as sth 将某人[某事物]称为、 起绰号叫作

或标明为某事物: a heavyweight boxer known as `The Greatest' 一名被称为｀大力士＇

的重量级拳击手 * This area is known as the `Cornish Riviera'. 这地区称为｀康沃尔郡

度假胜地＇. 6 [Tn, ] ~ sb/sth (from sb/sth) be able to distinguish (one person

or thing) from another; recognize 能区分, 辨别, 认出（人或物）: She knows a bargain

when she sees one. 她有辨别便宜货的能力. * know right from wrong 分辨是非 * I

met so many people at the party that I wouldn't know half of them again. 我在聚会

上见到很多人, 再见到连一半也未必能认出. 7 [Tn, Tw] understand and be able to use

(a language, skill, etc) 会, 掌握（某语言、 技巧等）: know Japanese 会日语 * know

how to swim 会游泳. 8 [Tn] have personal experience of (sth) 有（某事物）的亲身

经历或体验: a man who has known both poverty and riches 经历过贫富生活的男子.

9 (idm 习语) be,fore one ,knows where one `is very quickly or suddenly 迅速地; 突

然地: We were whisked off in a taxi before we knew where we were. 我们还未明白是

在哪里, 就被计程车载走了. be known to sb be familiar to sb 为某人所熟知: He's

known to the police, ie has a criminal record. 警方很熟悉他（曾犯案）. better the

devil you know => all one knows considering how little one knows 据

自己所知; 说不定: For all I know he could be dead. 说不定他已经死了. for

reasons/some reason best known to oneself => reason. God/goodness/Heaven

knows (a) I don't know 我不知道: God knows what's happened to them. 谁知道他们

怎麽了. (b) certainly; emphatically 确实; 的确: She ought to succeed; goodness

knows she tries hard enough. 她应能成功, 她确实够努力的. have/know all the

answers (infml esp derog 口, 尤作贬义) (seem to) be cleverer and better-informed

than other people （好像）什麽都知道; 比别人精明. have/know sth off pat => pat1.

know sth as well as `I/`you do understand sth perfectly well 对某事物很清楚: You

know as well as I do that you're being unreasonable. 你很清楚你不讲理. know sth

`backwards (infml 口) be thoroughly familiar with sth 极熟悉某事物: You've read

that book so many times you must know it backwards by now! 那本书你读了很多遍,

现在一定能倒背如流了! know `best know what should be done, etc better than other

people 最知就里; 最在行: The doctor told you to stay in bed, and he knows best. 医

生叫你卧床休息, 他最清楚. know better (than that/than to do sth) be wise or

sensible (enough not to do it) 明白事理而不至於（做某事）: You ought to know better

(than to trust her). 你应当明白（她这人不能相信）. know sb by sight recognize who sb

is without knowing him as a personal friend 面熟. know `different/`otherwise

(infml 口) have information or evidence to the contrary 知道相反的情况; 有证据表

明情况相反: He says he was at the cinema, but I know different. 他说他那时在看电影,

可是我知道不是那麽回事. know how many beans make five be shrewd and sensible

in practical matters 精明; 在行. know sth inside `out/like the back of one's `hand

(infml 口) be thoroughly familiar with a place, subject, etc 了如指掌; 了解透彻: He's

a taxi driver, so he knows London like the back of his hand. 他是计程车司机, 对伦敦

市的街道了如指掌. know no `bounds (fml 文) be very great or too great 无限: When

she heard the news her fury knew no bounds. 她听到这个消息, 顿时怒不可遏. know

one's `onions/`stuff (infml 口) be good at one's work, etc 了解本行; 精通业务. know

one's own `mind know what one wants or intends 有自己的想法; 有决断. know the

`score (infml 口) understand the true state of affairs 知道事情真相; 深通世故. know

a thing or two (about sb/sth) (infml 口) know a lot (about sb/sth) （对某人[某事物]）

很了解: She's been married five times, so she should know a thing or two about

men. 她已结过五次婚, 对男人应有所了解了. know sb through and `through

understand sb perfectly 完全了解某人. know one's way around be familiar with a

place, subject, procedure, etc; be capable and well-informed 熟悉某处、 某事、 手

续等; 有阅历; 了解情况. know what it is/what it's like (to be/do sth) have personal

experience (of being/doing sth) 有做某事物的经历: Many famous people have

known what it is to be poor. 很多名人都领略过贫穷是什麽滋味. know what one's

`talking about (infml 口) speak from experience 作经验谈. know what's `what

(infml 口) understand the important facts, rules of behaviour, etc in a particular

situation 内行; 精明; 有头脑: You're old enough now to know what's what. 你已经

不小了, 应该知道好歹了. know which side one's `bread is buttered (infml saying 口,

谚) know where one's interests lie or what will be to one's advantage 知道自己利益

所在; 善於为个人打算. let sb `know inform sb about sth 让某人知道某事物: I don't

know if I can come yet, but I'll let you know tomorrow. 我说不上是否能来, 可是我明

天能告诉你. make oneself known to sb introduce oneself to sb 向某人作自我介绍:

There's our host; you'd better make yourself known to him. 那位是我们的主人, 你最

好向他自我介绍一下. not know any `better not behave well, through lack of

experience, bad upbringing, etc （因无教养或无经验）表现不好: Don't blame the

children for their bad manners they don't know any better. 不要责怪孩子们没规矩

--他们还不懂. not know one's ,arse from one's `elbow ( sl derog 讳, 俚, 贬) be

totally ignorant, stupid or inefficient 一窍不通; 愚蠢; 无能. not know the first thing

about sb/sth/doing sth know nothing at all about sb/sth/doing sth 对某人[某事物]

一无所知: I'm afraid I don't know the first thing about gardening. 很遗憾, 我对园艺

一无所知. not know sb from `Adam (infml 口) not know at all who sb is 完全不认识

某人. not know what `hit one (a) be suddenly injured or killed 突遭伤害; 突受杀害:

The bus was moving so fast she never knew what hit her. 公共汽车开得很快, 突然把

她撞了. (b) (infml fig 口, 比喻) be amazed or confused 大为惊奇; 迷惑不解: The first

time I heard their music I didn't know what had hit me. 我初次听他们的音乐时大为

惊奇. not know where/which way to look (infml 口) be embarrassed, awkwardly

self-conscious, etc 尴尬; 难堪; 难为情: When he started undressing in public I

didn't know where to look. 他在大庭广众之下脱衣服, 我感到很难为情. not want to

know => want1. old enough to know better => old. show sb/know/learn the ropes

=> rope. see/know better days => better1. tell/know A and B apart => apart.

that's what I'd like to know => like2. there's no `knowing it's difficult or impossible

to know 难以逆料; 无法知道: There's absolutely no knowing how he'll react. 他怎样

反应很难逆料. (well) what do you `know (about `that)? (infml 口 esp US) (used to

express surprise on hearing news, etc 用以表示听到消息等时感到惊讶) you know

(infml 口) (a) (used when reminding sb of sth 用以提醒某人): Guess who I've just

seen? Marcia! You know Jim's ex-wife! 你猜刚才我看见谁了? 玛西娅! 你知道吗, 就

是吉姆的前妻呀! (b) (used as an almost meaningless expression when the speaker is

thinking what to say next 用於说话时思索中作口头语, 无甚意义): `I was feeling a bit

bored, you know, ' ｀我当时有点厌烦了, 你知道吗, 所以...＇ you know

something/what? (infml 口) (used to introduce an item of news, expression of

opinion, etc 用以提到一项新消息、 表达看法等): You know something? Cathy and

Tim are engaged. 你听说了吗? 卡西和蒂姆订婚了. you never know you cannot be

certain 很难说; 事难逆料: `It's sure to rain tomorrow.' `Oh, you never know, it could

be a lovely day.' ｀明天准下雨.＇｀哦, 很难说, 也可能是个好天.＇ * You should keep

those old jam jars you never know when you might need them. 这些旧果酱瓶子应

当留一留, 说不定什麽时候会用得著. 10 (phr v) know about sth have knowledge of

sth; be aware of sth 了解或知道某事物: Not much is known about his background.

他的背景所知不多. * Do you know about Jack getting arrested? 你知道杰克遭逮捕了

吗? know of sb/sth have information about or experience of sb/sth 知道某人[某事

物]的情况: `Isn't tomorrow a holiday?' `Not that I know of (ie Not as far as I am

aware).' ｀明天是假日吧?＇｀据我所知不是.＇ * Do you know of any way to stop a

person snoring? 你知道有什麽方法可以制止打呼噜吗? * I don't know him personally,

though I know `of him. 我并不认识他, 但我听说过他.

know

n (idm 习语) in the `know (infml 口) (of a person) having information not

possessed by others; well informed （指人）知情的, 消息灵通的.

know-all

n (infml derog 口, 贬) person who behaves as if he knows everything 自以为无

所不知的人: one of those young know-alls fresh from university 大学刚毕业的一个小

小的万事通.

know-how

n [U] (infml 口) practical (contrasted with theoretical) knowledge or skill in an

activity 实践知识或技术; 本事; 技能.

knowing

/ 5nEUIN; `noIN/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] 1 showing or suggesting that

one has information which is secret or not known to others （对别人不知道的秘密）

知悉的, 心照不宣的: a knowing look, glance, expression, etc 显出了解内情的样子、 眼

光、 表情等. 2 shrewd; cunning 世故的; 狡猾的: She's a bit too knowing for me to

feel relaxed with her. 她很有点世故, 和她相处我觉得不自在.

knowingly

adv 1 intentionally 故意地; 蓄意地: It appears that what I said was untrue, but

I did not knowingly lie to you. 看来我说错了, 但是我并非故意向你撒谎. 2 in a

knowing(1) manner 知悉地; 心照不宣地: He winked at her knowingly. 他会心地向她

眨了眨眼.

knowledge

/ 5nClIdV; `nBlIdV/ n 1 [U] understanding 了解; 理解: A baby has no

knowledge of good and evil. 小孩儿不解善恶. 2 [U, sing] all that a person knows;

familiarity gained by experience 个人的知识; 见闻: I have only (a) limited

knowledge of computers. 我的计算机知识很有限. * My knowledge of French is poor.

我不太懂法语. 3 [U] everything that is known; organized body of information 学问;

学识; 知识: all branches of knowledge 各门学问 * the sum of human knowledge on

this subject 人类对这一学科的知识总和. 4 (idm 习语)be common/public

knowledge be known by everyonein a community or group 人所共知: It's pointless

trying to keep your friendship secret it's common knowledge already. 你们无谓将

友情保密--其实已尽人皆知了. come to sb's `knowledge (fml 文) become known by

sb 被某人知悉: It has come to our knowledge that you have been cheating the

company. 据我们了解你一直欺骗公司. to one's `knowledge (a) as far as one knows

据自己所知: To my knowledge, she has never been late before. 据我所知, 她从未迟

到过. (b) as one knows to be true 确知属实: That is impossible, because to my

(certain) knowledge he was in France at the time. 那不可能, 因为我（确实）知道那

时他在法国. to the best of one's belief/knowledge => best3. with/without sb's

`knowledge having/not having informed sb 告知[未告知]某人: He sold the car

without his wife's knowledge. 他瞒著妻子把汽车卖了.

knowledgeable

/ -Ebl; -Ebl/ adj ~ (about sth) well-informed 消息灵通的; 在行的: She's very

knowledgeable about art. 她对艺术十分在行.

knowledgeably

/ -EblI; -EblI/ adv: speak knowledgeably on the subject 对这学科谈得头头是道.

knuckle

/ 5nQkl; `nQkl/ n 1 bone at the finger-joint 指节; 指关节: graze/skin one's

knuckles 擦破指关节. =>illus at hand 见hand插图. 2 (of animals) knee-joint, or

the part joining the leg to the foot, esp as a joint of meat （指动物）膝关节, 踝; （尤

指食用的）肘: pig's knuckles 猪肘. 3 (idm 习语) a rap on/over the knuckles =>

the `knuckle (infml 口) on the borderline of indecency and therefore

likely to offend 近乎下流; 猥亵: Some of his jokes are a bit too near the knuckle for

my taste. 我觉得他有的笑话已近乎淫亵了.

knuckle

v (phr v) knuckle down (to sth) (infml 口) begin to work seriously (at sth) 开始

认真工作: If you want to pass that exam, you'll have to knuckle down (to some hard

work). 你要想考试及格, 就得开始下功夫（苦干）了. knuckle under (infml 口) accept or

admit defeat; surrender 屈服; 认输; 投降.

knuckleduster

n (US brass knuckles) metal cover worn over the knuckles to increase the injury

caused by a blow with the fist 戴在指关节上的金属套（打人时加重损伤）.

knucklehead

n (infml derog 口, 贬) fool 笨蛋; 傻瓜.

KO

/ 9keI 5EU; 9ke `o/ abbr 缩写 = (infml 口) knock-out (esp in boxing) 击倒（尤

为拳击用语）: He was KO'd (ie knocked out) in the second round. 他在第二回合中被

击倒.

koala

/ kEU5B:lE; ko`BlE/ n (also koala bear) Australian tree-climbing mammal with

thick grey fur, large ears and no tail 树袋熊（产於澳洲的树栖哺乳动物, 毛密、 色灰、

耳大、 无尾）.

kobo

/ 5kCbEU; `kobo/ n (pl unchanged 复数不变) unit of money in Nigeria; 100th

part of a naira 考包（尼日利亚辅币名, 100考包= 1奈拉）.

kohl

/ kEUl; kol/ n [U] cosmetic powder used in the East to darken the eyelids 眼睑

粉（东方妇女的化妆品）.

kohlrabi

/ 9kEUl5rB:bI; `kol9rBbI/ n [C, U] cabbage with an edible turnip-shaped stem

球茎甘蓝（可供食用）.

kola

= cola.

kook

/ ku:k; kuk/ n (US derog sl 贬, 俚) peculiar, eccentric or crazy person 怪人; 狂

人.

kooky

adj.

kookaburra

/ 5kUkEbQrE; `kJkE9bQrE/ n (also laughing jackass) Australian giant kingfisher

笑翠鸟（产於澳洲）.

kopeck (also kopek)

= copeck.

koppie (also kopje)

/ 5kCpI; `kBpI/ n (in S Africa) small hill （南非的）小山.

Koran

/ kE5rB:n; ?@ -5rAn; kE`rAn/ n the Koran [sing] sacred book of the Muslims,

written in Arabic, containing the revelations of the Prophet Muhammad 《古兰经》,

《可兰经》（伊斯兰教经典）.

Koranic

/ kE5rnIk; kE`rAnIk/ adj.

kosher

/ 5kEUFE(r); `koFL/ adj 1 (of food, food shops, etc) fulfilling the requirements

of Jewish dietary law （指食物、 饮食店等）合礼的（符合犹太教规戒律的）: a kosher

butcher's, restaurant, meal 合礼的肉店、 餐馆、 饭食. 2 (infml 口) genuine or

legitimate 真正的; 合法的: the real kosher article, not just any old rubbish 真正的正

品, 并不是什麽旧的破烂货 * something not quite kosher about the way he made his

money 他的钱来路不大正.

koumiss

= kumis.

kowtow

/ 9kaU5taU; kaJ`taJ/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (to sb/sth) be submissive, humble or respectful

(to sb/sth) （向某人[某事物]）叩头, 磕头, 臣服: a refusal to kowtow (to the

government's wishes on this issue) 拒绝屈从（於政府对这一问题的意旨）.

kph

/ 9keI pi: 5eItF; 9ke pi `etF/ abbr 缩写 = kilometres per hour 千米/小时; 公里/

小时. Cf 参看 mph.

kraal

/ krB:l; ?@ krR:l; krRl/ n (in S Africa 用於南非) 1 village of huts enclosed by a

fence 用栅栏围起来的茅舍村庄. 2 enclosure for cattle, sheep, etc 家畜栏.

kremlin

/ 5kremlIn; `krZmlIn/ n 1 [C] citadel within a Russian town （俄国的）城堡. 2

the Kremlin (a) [Gp] government of the former USSR 前苏联政府. (b) [sing] the

citadel of Moscow 克里姆林宫.

krill

/ krIl; krIl/ n [pl v] mass of tiny shellfish eaten by whales （鲸鱼吞食的）磷虾群.

kris

/ kri:s; kris/ n Malay or Indonesian dagger （马来亚或印度尼西亚的）波形刃短剑.

krona

/ 5krEUnE; `kronE/ n 1 (pl -nor / -nE(r); -nEr/) unit of money in Sweden 克朗

（瑞典的货币单位）. 2 (pl -nur / -nE(r); -nEr/) unit of money in Iceland 克朗（冰岛

的货币单位）.

krone

/ 5krEUnE; `kronZ/ n (pl -ner / -nE(r); -nEr/) unit of money in Denmark and

Norway 克朗（丹麦和挪威的货币单位）.

krugerrand

/ 5kru:gErAnd; `kru^E9rAnd/ n South African gold coin weighing one ounce

克鲁格金币（南非金币重一盎司）.

krypton

/ 5krIptCn; `krIp9tBn/ n [U] chemical element, an inert colourless and

odourless gas 氪. =>App 10 见附录10.

Kt

abbr 缩写 = Knight: Sir James Bailey Kt 詹姆斯·贝利爵士.

Ku-Klux-Klan

/ 9ku: klQks 5kAln; 9ku 9klQks `klAn/ n [Gp] (abbr 缩写 KKK) secret racialist

organization of white Protestant men in the (esp southern) United States 三K党（美

国的, 尤指其南部的白人基督教徒的种族主义秘密组织）.

kudos

/ 5kju:dCs; ?@ 5ku:-; `kudBs/ n [U] (infml 口) honour and glory; credit1(2) 荣誉;

光荣; 赞誉: She did most of the work but all the kudos went to him. 工作大部分是她

做的, 可是荣誉都归他了.

kukri

/ 5kUkrI; `kJkrI/ n type of curved knife used by Gurkhas （廓尔喀人用的）弯刀.

kumis (also kumiss, koumiss)

/ 5ku:mIs; `kumIs/ n [U] drink made from fermented mare's milk by certain

Central Asian peoples 乳酒（中亚某些民族用马乳酿制的酒）.

kummel

/ 5kUmEl; `kIml/ n [U] sweet liqueur flavoured with cumin and caraway seeds

（用莳萝和葛缕子调味的）烈性甜酒.

kumquat

/ 5kQmkwCt; `kQm9kwBt/ n plum-sized fruit similar to an orange 金橘.

kung fu

/ 9kUN 5fu, also 5kQN; 9kJN`fu/ n [U] Chinese form of unarmed combat

similar to karate （中国武术中的）徒手功夫.

kvass

/ kvAs; kvAs/ n [U] type of weak beer made in Russia 克瓦斯淡啤酒（俄罗斯制）.

kW (also kw)

abbr 缩写 = kilowatt(s): a 2 kW electric heater 功率2千瓦的电热器.

kwashiorkor

/ kwAFI5R:kR:(r); 9kwBFi`RrkRr/ n [U] severetropical disease of children whose

diet does not contain enough protein 夸希奥科, 蛋白质营养不良（热带严重儿科病）.

kwela

/ 5kweIlE; `kwelE/ n [U] kind of S African jazz music 南非的一种爵士乐.

kybosh (also kibosh)

/ 5kaIbCF; `kaIbBF/ n (idm 习语) put the kybosh on sb/sth (sl 俚) prevent

sb/sth from continuing; stop sb/sth 止住某人[某事物]; 使某人[某事物]停止:: When

he broke his leg it put the kybosh on his holiday. 他摔坏了腿, 度假只好中止.