2024年4月7日发(作者：邵飞丹)
Unit 7 The Fun They Had
…it was awfully funny to read words that stood still instead of moving
the way they were supposed to – on a screen…
1) It is / was adj. to do sth.
2) awfully (adj.) = very
3) be, seem, appear, look, go, sound, taste, feel, smell, stand, etc. + adj.
这个主意听起来不错。This idea sounds good.
be supposed to
a) be expected or required to do sth
The children are supposed to be at school by 8.
b) (infml) (in negative sentence) be allowed to do
你不能在公众场合吸烟。You are not supposed to smoke in public places.
c) to be intended to
We were supposed to have gone away this week, but Ann's ill so we couldn't
go.
be good for sth
1) = having the necessary energy, fitness, durability, etc.
这辆汽车还能开很多英里。This car is good for many more miles.
2) Sunshine is good for your plants.
3) She would be good for the job.
send for sb
你认为我们有必要去请医生吗？Do you think we should send for a doctor?
in (next to) no time（in no time (at all)）立刻 马上 赶快
• The children ate their dinner in no time.
• I got home just in time - it's starting to rain.
• At one time, George Eliot lived here.
• It seemed like a good idea at the time.
• Only a certain number of people are allowed in the building at any one time /
at a time / at any given time.
• Parking is not allowed here at any time.
• At no time will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
• Conditions are changing at all times.
• 扩充 lose no time in doing sth. 立即做……
in time 及时
on time 准时
at a time 每次
at one time 曾经
at no time 决不
at all times 一直
over time 随着时间的流逝
in no time 立刻
by no time 到……为止
from time to time 有时
adjust to doing sth 适应做……
adjust yourself to sth 调整自己以适应……
light up 点燃，照亮
As the screen lit up, he typed in his password.
punch in 打上班钟卡
punch out 打下班钟卡
punch code 代码，编码
翻译题
1、 一个由外交部长率领的政府代表团昨天抵达南非，开始对该国进行为期三天的友
好访问。head
Yesterday a government delegation headed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs
arrived in South Africa and began a three-day friendly visit to the country.
2、 看看这些讽刺社会弊端的漫画真是很有意思，令人捧怀大笑。awfully funny
It is awfully funny and splits your sides with laughter to observe these
caricatures which satirize social ills.
3、 计算机是最有用的教学工具之一，所有的功课以及所有的问题和答案都可在屏幕
上显示出来。shown on a screen
Computers are one of the most useful teaching aids, for all your lessons as well
as all the questions asked and all the answers provided can be shown on a screen.
4、 小张的母亲前天突然病倒，他赶紧派人请来医生为他母亲治疗。sent for
As soon as his mother fell ill suddenly the day before yesterday, Xiao Zhang
sent for a doctor, who came and diagnosed and treated his mother.
5、 他去年高考失败，但他并未感到沮丧。他继续努力，今年考上了一所名牌大学。
disappoint
He failed in the college entrance examination last year, but he did not feel
disappointed. Instead, he continued to study hard, passed the examination
successfully and became a student in a famous university this year.
6、 这个中学生有很多英语单词发音不准，必须狠下功夫，学好音标，掌握标准的语
音。pronounce
There are many English words that this middle school student cannot
pronounce correctly. Therefore, he has to make great effort to learn the phonetic
symbols well and acquire standard English pronunciation.
7、 在这个知识爆炸、信息爆炸的时代，我们必须不断学习，注意知识更新，才能适
应专业工作的需要。become adjusted to
In this new era marked by knowledge explosion, we have to pursue constant
study and take particular care to renew our knowledge. Only by doing so can we
become adjusted to the requirements of our specialized work.
8、 那男孩把衬衫塞进裤腰里，将皮包夹在腋下，看上去俨然一副老板模样。tucked
With his shirt tucked into the top of his trousers and a leather bag tucked
under his arm, the boy looked just like a boss.
9、 这位女孩虽然只有8岁，但已擅长计算分数了。难怪她父母为自己感到自豪。
fraction
Although she is only eight years old, the little girl is already very good at
calculating fractions. No wonder her parents feel very proud of her.
10、 街坊四邻都听说了那个消息了，而你却没有听说，你说怪不怪？neighborhood
All the neighborhood have heard about the news, but you haven’t. Don’t
you think it is very strange?
Unit 8 Five Traits of the Educated Man
With pure diction
In a way that words are pronounced perfectly well, not mixed with any impure
or nonstandard sound.
E.g. He speaks standard English, with pure diction.
be lost in reflection 陷入深思
on reflection 经过再三思考
take sb.’s name in vain 滥用某人（尤指上帝或有威望者）的名义
翻译题
1、 他拥有一些优秀的特性：举止文雅，与人友善，慷慨大方，谦虚谨慎，工作精益
求精。trait
He possesses some fine traits: he has refined and gentle manners, he is kind
and generous to others, he is always modest and prudent, and he constantly
perfects his work.
2、 只要坚持努力学习，你要能掌握专业技能，并将成为某一专业知识领域的专家。
in some special field of knowledge
So long as you keep on studying hard, you will acquire a good grasp of
specialized skills, and become an expert in some special field of knowledge.
3、 毫无疑问，2010年世博会将给上海带来许多机遇，促使上海的经济进一步发展。
beyond peradventure
It is beyond peradventure that the 2010 World Exposition will bring Shanghai
many good opportunities, which will stimulate Shanghai’s economy to greater
development.
4、 待人礼貌，举止文雅，这是有教养的人一个必不可少的特点。refined and gentle
manners
One of the essential traits of an educated man is his possession of refined and
gentle manners.
5、 有理性的人本能地知道，什么事情应做，什么事请不该做。instinctively
A person with reason instinctively knows what he should do and what he
should not do.
6、 尽管困难重重，然而她不懈努力完成了大学的学业。persist in
Despite hardships, she persisted in her efforts to complete her university
education.
7、 只要认真学习，不断进步，成功的机会就会大大增加。multiply
As long as you study hard and make progress constantly, your chances to
success will multiply.
8、 小王工作卓有成效，因为他专业能力强，并讲究方法。professional competence
Xiao Wang works very efficiently, because he possesses strong professional
competence and, moreover, he pays particular attention to methods.
9、 背诵优秀散文不仅可以大大提高语言能力，而且可以训练并增强记忆力。
discipline
Reciting excellent pieces of prose can not only enhance our language
competence, but also discipline our memory and render it much stronger.
10、 这个学校的董事会主席既有专业能力，又有领导才能，颇受教职工欢迎。
The president of the Board of Trustees of the university is in possession of both
professional competence and excellent leadership; therefore, he is very popular
among the teachers and other staff members.
Unit 10 Hollywood
fulfill
to fulfill one’s promise
fulfill duties
fulfill project
fulfill the orders
fulfill one’s ambition
fulfilled oneself as a mother/painter
reach it peak
be in business
成名，出名rise to famebecome famous
as for
e.g. As for my past, I will not tell you anything.
hold on a tight rein
E.g. The parents holds their children on a tight rein, but they still seem to get
into trouble from time to time.
build up
by means of
by all means: without doubt; certainly
by no means: not at all; in no way
turn… into: change… into
be determined to do: (determination)
E.g. She is determined to marry him, even though he is poor at present.
at all cost
E.g. He would achieve anything at all costs.
no longer
This word is no longer in current use. 这个词现在已经不再使用。
He no longer indulged himself in smoking. 他不再过度吸烟了。
Be associated with:
She associated happiness with having money. 她把幸福和有钱联想到一起。
VI. Grammar point: Sentence Inversion (倒装句）:
• Look for the inverted sentences in the text:
• 1. Only when they ceased to be stars did some of them discover that they
were also good actors! (para.6)
• 2…., and so do many of the famous and wealthy people who have made
their homes in southern California. (para. 8)
英语倒装句的几种情况:
• 1. “某些副词+不及物动词+主语”的句式，需要全部倒装。常用的副词主要有：
here , there , now , then , out , in , down , up , away 等，表示强调。主语是代词时，
不必倒装。
•
Out rushed the boy .
•
Down came the brown wave .
• 2. 表示方位的短语放在句首，后面一般使用倒装语序。
•
West of the lake lies the famous city
.
• 3. There be + 主语+地点。其中动词be也可以是其他词，如lie，stand等。
•
There are many different kinds of mooncakes on the table .
•
There in Greece lived a famous thinker , named Aristotle .
• 4. 如果直接引语后注明是什么人说的，而且主语是名词时，需要完全倒装；主语是
代词时，一般不用倒装。
•
“Let”s go ! ”said the captain .
•
“Take off your boots !” ordered the guard .
•
5. 为了保持句子平衡，或为了强调表语或状语，或使上下文紧密衔接时。
•
They arrived at an old church , in front of which stood a big crowd of
people .
• 6. 用于so开头的句子，表示重复前面相同的内容，意为“也怎么样”。另外，在
结果状语从句句型so …that …中，如果强调so…放在句首，主句需要部分倒装。
•
I often go out for a walk after supper . So does she .
•
我经常在晚饭后出去散步，她也这样。
•
So excited was she at the news that she couldn”t say a word .
•
听到这个消息，她是如此激动，以致于一句话也说不出来。
• 7. 用于nor , neither 开头的句子，表示重复前面相同的内容，“也不怎么样”。
•
Li Lei can”t answer the question . Neither can I .
•
If you don”t wait for him , nor shall I
.
• 8. only放在句首，强调状语（副词，介词短语或状语从句等），全句语序要部分倒
装。
•
Only in this way can we get in touch with them .
•
Only because he was ill was he absent from school .
• 注意：only放在句首，强调主语时，语序不必倒装。
•
Only Mr Wang knows about it .
• 9. 带有否定意义的词放在句首，语序需要部分倒装。常见的词语有： not , never ,
seldom , scarcely , barely , little , at no time , not only , not once , under on
condition , hardly … when , no sooner …than ……等。
•
Little did I think he is a spy .
•
我一点也没想到他是一个间谍。
•
Hardly had I reached home when it began to rain .
•
No sooner had I entered the room than the phone rang .
• 10. 在虚拟语气中，倒装代替条件。
•
Should he be here next week , he would help us with the problem .
•
Were there no light , we could see nothing .
• 11. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子。
•
May you succeed ! 祝你成功！ Long live France ! 法兰西万岁！
翻译题
1、 这座山峰高耸于群山之上，从山峰上可以看到一片美丽的景色。peak
Towering above all the others, this mountain peak commands a fine view.
2、 我请朋友们推荐一位擅长于给儿童看病的医生。recommend
I have asked my friends to recommend a doctor who is good at treating
children.
3、 孩子们在悬吊于树上的一根绳子上荡秋千。swing
The children were swinging on a rope hanging from a tree.
4、 无论如何都要避免和非典病人直接接触。at all costs
Direct contact with the patients suffering from SARS must be avoided at all
costs.
5、 那个恐怖分子残酷、奸诈，肆无忌惮，杀人放火，无恶不作。unscrupulous
Being cruel, treacherous, and unscrupulous, that terrorist committed murder,
arson, and every crime imaginable.
6、 那个老妇人总是干涉别人的事情。interfere in
That old woman is always interfering in other people’s affairs.
7、 发表了几篇有影响的论文以后，他在学术界颇有名气。distinguished
After having several influential papers published, he became quite
distinguished in the academic world.
8、 那座巨大的圆形露天剧场是一个富有吸引力的地方，每年夏天音乐大师们创作的
交响乐曲在那里演奏。the huge outdoor amphitheater
The huge outdoor amphitheater is an attractive place, where symphonies by
great musicians are played every summer.
9、 他把可能需要的东西都装入公文包，而我把可能需要的东西都装入手提箱。pack
He packed a briefcase with what might be required, while I packed a suitcase
with all the things that might be needed.
10、 我们中国人往往将春节与家人团聚联系起来。
We Chinese often associate the Spring Festival with family reunion.
Unit 11 How to Be True to Yourself
sell out
• A. sell all of what was for sale
• eg: All the tickets for the match were completely sold out.
• B. be disloyal or unfaithful to one’s principles or friends.
• eg: He was good writer, but he sold out and now just write for money.
at hand
• Near in time or space
• eg: Our Spring Festival is at hand.
• When he writs, he always keeps a dictionary at hand.
in short supply
• --scarce
• Gold is valuable because it is in short supply all over the world.
Stand for
• A. be a sign or short form of, represent, mean
• eg: WTO stands for World Trade Organization.
• B. allow to continue, accept without complaining
• eg: I wouldn’t stand for that sort of treatment if I were you.
in the face of
• A. in spite of problems, difficulties
• eg: In the face of difficulties and hardships, she managed to keep her sense
of humor.
• He showed great courage in he face of danger.
• B. confronted with
• eg: He was unable to deny the charge in the face of new evidence.
• What would you do in the face of these difficulties?
account for
• A. give or be a satisfactory explanation
• eg: How do you account for losing five games in a month?
• B. be the cause or origin of
• eg: His illness account for his
• absence.
back down (from)
• -- back off, give up ( a claim/position etc.)
• eg: I see he has backed down from the position he took last week.
rely on/upon
• --depend on, trust, have confidence in
• eg: Don’t rely on him lending you the money.
• You may rely on/upon it that he will come early.
• She can always be relied on
• for help.
win the day
• --win the field, be successful, gain victories
• eg: You should work harder in your study If you want to win the day in your
future career.
翻译题
1、 那个精神病医生因谈论他的病人而被指控违反了职业道德规范。ethics
That psychiatrist, who had talked about his patients, was charged with
violating professional ethics.
2、 教室的墙上悬挂着一些名人名言，令人鼓舞，催人奋发。hang on
Hanging on the walls of the classroom are some famous sayings, which inspire
and urge people to exert themselves.
3、 各种各样的商品应有尽有，没有什么东西供应不足。in short supply
All kinds of commodities are available ( to you ). Noting is in short supply.
4、 我们都信任董事长，因为他是个刚正不阿的人。integrity
We all trust the president of the board of directors, who is a man of absolute
integrity.
5、 在我们投票支持他之前，我们想知道他的主张。stand for
Before we vote for him, we want to know what he stands for.
6、 这笔钱是在被告家里发现的，被告不能对此作出令人满意的解释。account for
The defendant couldn’t account for the fact that the money was found in his
house.
7、 我看到他是正确的，我只好放弃原来的主张。back down
When I saw that he was right, I had to back down.
8、 因为她既聪明又勤奋，所以被任命为销售经理。appoint
She has been appointed sales director, for she is both clever and diligent.
9、 本届政府所面临的最大挑战之一是创造新的工业和新的就业机会。challenge
One of the biggest challenges faced by the present government is that of
creating new industries and new jobs.
10、 我们的战士们勇攻敌人的堡垒，其势如暴风骤雨，没过多久，敌人就投降了。
succumb
The enemy succumbed soon after our soldiers stormed its stronghold.
Unit 12 She’s Leaving Home
Show up
1.揭露;暴露 我打算揭发这个说谎者。 I intend to show up this liar.
2. 出席;露面
我们的婚礼,乔治叔叔没有来,因为他忘了。Uncle George didn‘t show up for our
wedding because he forgot.
Sign out: record one’s name when leaving
Eg. Any reader should sign out the book from the library if they want to take
one away.
Turn down: reject, refuse
He proposed to her, but she turned him down.
Break away
1. escape, esp. with a sudden, violent effort
The prisoner broke away from the 2 policemen who were holding him.
2. end one’s connection with a group, organization, way of thinking, etc.
This extremist faction broke away from the main party in 1979.
Approve of sth./doing sth.
她父亲决不会赞成她同汤姆结婚。
Her father will never approve of her marriage to Tom.
Let go of: stop holding
Don’t let go of the rope!
It’s time to let go of the past.
翻译题：
1、 晚年，他从一个有点儿令人讨厌的角色变成了一个被人热切等候光临的嘉宾。
annoyance
In his late years, he changed from a slight annoyance into an eagerly-awaited
visitor.
2、 他做了很多愚蠢的事，他所有的朋友都与他疏远了。estrangement
He did many foolish things, which caused all his friends’ estrangement from
him.
3、 我们偶然想出来的那个计划也许不合逻辑，但它却行之有效。hit upon
The plan which we hit upon was not logical, perhaps, but it worked.
4、 当时我国遭受了罕见的自然灾害，许多人在越来越严重的经济困难中挣扎。
flounder
At that time as our country was hit hard by rarely seen natural disasters many
people were floundering in ever graver economic difficulties.
5、 她拒绝了他的求婚。turn down
She turned down his proposal.
6、 他下定决心改过自新，同那伙犯罪分子分道扬镳了。break away
Determined to turn over a new leaf, he broke away from that gang of criminals.
7、 我们顺利完成了任务，感到兴高采烈。大伙喝一杯如何？go through
Now that we have gone through our task without a hitch, we are all feeling
happy and gay. Shall we have a drink?
8、 我们都支持这个设想，因为它以可靠的票房收入为其坚实后盾。ground
We all support this assumption, for it is well grounded in the box office
receipts.
9、 今年春天天气忽冷忽热，许多人生病了。transition
The frequent transitions from cold to warm weather this spring have caused
many people to become ill.
10、 他深情地抚摸着她的头发，对她表现出深深的爱。stroke
He stroked her hair affectionately, showing profound love for her.
2024年4月7日发(作者：邵飞丹)
Unit 7 The Fun They Had
…it was awfully funny to read words that stood still instead of moving
the way they were supposed to – on a screen…
1) It is / was adj. to do sth.
2) awfully (adj.) = very
3) be, seem, appear, look, go, sound, taste, feel, smell, stand, etc. + adj.
这个主意听起来不错。This idea sounds good.
be supposed to
a) be expected or required to do sth
The children are supposed to be at school by 8.
b) (infml) (in negative sentence) be allowed to do
你不能在公众场合吸烟。You are not supposed to smoke in public places.
c) to be intended to
We were supposed to have gone away this week, but Ann's ill so we couldn't
go.
be good for sth
1) = having the necessary energy, fitness, durability, etc.
这辆汽车还能开很多英里。This car is good for many more miles.
2) Sunshine is good for your plants.
3) She would be good for the job.
send for sb
你认为我们有必要去请医生吗？Do you think we should send for a doctor?
in (next to) no time（in no time (at all)）立刻 马上 赶快
• The children ate their dinner in no time.
• I got home just in time - it's starting to rain.
• At one time, George Eliot lived here.
• It seemed like a good idea at the time.
• Only a certain number of people are allowed in the building at any one time /
at a time / at any given time.
• Parking is not allowed here at any time.
• At no time will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
• Conditions are changing at all times.
• 扩充 lose no time in doing sth. 立即做……
in time 及时
on time 准时
at a time 每次
at one time 曾经
at no time 决不
at all times 一直
over time 随着时间的流逝
in no time 立刻
by no time 到……为止
from time to time 有时
adjust to doing sth 适应做……
adjust yourself to sth 调整自己以适应……
light up 点燃，照亮
As the screen lit up, he typed in his password.
punch in 打上班钟卡
punch out 打下班钟卡
punch code 代码，编码
翻译题
1、 一个由外交部长率领的政府代表团昨天抵达南非，开始对该国进行为期三天的友
好访问。head
Yesterday a government delegation headed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs
arrived in South Africa and began a three-day friendly visit to the country.
2、 看看这些讽刺社会弊端的漫画真是很有意思，令人捧怀大笑。awfully funny
It is awfully funny and splits your sides with laughter to observe these
caricatures which satirize social ills.
3、 计算机是最有用的教学工具之一，所有的功课以及所有的问题和答案都可在屏幕
上显示出来。shown on a screen
Computers are one of the most useful teaching aids, for all your lessons as well
as all the questions asked and all the answers provided can be shown on a screen.
4、 小张的母亲前天突然病倒，他赶紧派人请来医生为他母亲治疗。sent for
As soon as his mother fell ill suddenly the day before yesterday, Xiao Zhang
sent for a doctor, who came and diagnosed and treated his mother.
5、 他去年高考失败，但他并未感到沮丧。他继续努力，今年考上了一所名牌大学。
disappoint
He failed in the college entrance examination last year, but he did not feel
disappointed. Instead, he continued to study hard, passed the examination
successfully and became a student in a famous university this year.
6、 这个中学生有很多英语单词发音不准，必须狠下功夫，学好音标，掌握标准的语
音。pronounce
There are many English words that this middle school student cannot
pronounce correctly. Therefore, he has to make great effort to learn the phonetic
symbols well and acquire standard English pronunciation.
7、 在这个知识爆炸、信息爆炸的时代，我们必须不断学习，注意知识更新，才能适
应专业工作的需要。become adjusted to
In this new era marked by knowledge explosion, we have to pursue constant
study and take particular care to renew our knowledge. Only by doing so can we
become adjusted to the requirements of our specialized work.
8、 那男孩把衬衫塞进裤腰里，将皮包夹在腋下，看上去俨然一副老板模样。tucked
With his shirt tucked into the top of his trousers and a leather bag tucked
under his arm, the boy looked just like a boss.
9、 这位女孩虽然只有8岁，但已擅长计算分数了。难怪她父母为自己感到自豪。
fraction
Although she is only eight years old, the little girl is already very good at
calculating fractions. No wonder her parents feel very proud of her.
10、 街坊四邻都听说了那个消息了，而你却没有听说，你说怪不怪？neighborhood
All the neighborhood have heard about the news, but you haven’t. Don’t
you think it is very strange?
Unit 8 Five Traits of the Educated Man
With pure diction
In a way that words are pronounced perfectly well, not mixed with any impure
or nonstandard sound.
E.g. He speaks standard English, with pure diction.
be lost in reflection 陷入深思
on reflection 经过再三思考
take sb.’s name in vain 滥用某人（尤指上帝或有威望者）的名义
翻译题
1、 他拥有一些优秀的特性：举止文雅，与人友善，慷慨大方，谦虚谨慎，工作精益
求精。trait
He possesses some fine traits: he has refined and gentle manners, he is kind
and generous to others, he is always modest and prudent, and he constantly
perfects his work.
2、 只要坚持努力学习，你要能掌握专业技能，并将成为某一专业知识领域的专家。
in some special field of knowledge
So long as you keep on studying hard, you will acquire a good grasp of
specialized skills, and become an expert in some special field of knowledge.
3、 毫无疑问，2010年世博会将给上海带来许多机遇，促使上海的经济进一步发展。
beyond peradventure
It is beyond peradventure that the 2010 World Exposition will bring Shanghai
many good opportunities, which will stimulate Shanghai’s economy to greater
development.
4、 待人礼貌，举止文雅，这是有教养的人一个必不可少的特点。refined and gentle
manners
One of the essential traits of an educated man is his possession of refined and
gentle manners.
5、 有理性的人本能地知道，什么事情应做，什么事请不该做。instinctively
A person with reason instinctively knows what he should do and what he
should not do.
6、 尽管困难重重，然而她不懈努力完成了大学的学业。persist in
Despite hardships, she persisted in her efforts to complete her university
education.
7、 只要认真学习，不断进步，成功的机会就会大大增加。multiply
As long as you study hard and make progress constantly, your chances to
success will multiply.
8、 小王工作卓有成效，因为他专业能力强，并讲究方法。professional competence
Xiao Wang works very efficiently, because he possesses strong professional
competence and, moreover, he pays particular attention to methods.
9、 背诵优秀散文不仅可以大大提高语言能力，而且可以训练并增强记忆力。
discipline
Reciting excellent pieces of prose can not only enhance our language
competence, but also discipline our memory and render it much stronger.
10、 这个学校的董事会主席既有专业能力，又有领导才能，颇受教职工欢迎。
The president of the Board of Trustees of the university is in possession of both
professional competence and excellent leadership; therefore, he is very popular
among the teachers and other staff members.
Unit 10 Hollywood
fulfill
to fulfill one’s promise
fulfill duties
fulfill project
fulfill the orders
fulfill one’s ambition
fulfilled oneself as a mother/painter
reach it peak
be in business
成名，出名rise to famebecome famous
as for
e.g. As for my past, I will not tell you anything.
hold on a tight rein
E.g. The parents holds their children on a tight rein, but they still seem to get
into trouble from time to time.
build up
by means of
by all means: without doubt; certainly
by no means: not at all; in no way
turn… into: change… into
be determined to do: (determination)
E.g. She is determined to marry him, even though he is poor at present.
at all cost
E.g. He would achieve anything at all costs.
no longer
This word is no longer in current use. 这个词现在已经不再使用。
He no longer indulged himself in smoking. 他不再过度吸烟了。
Be associated with:
She associated happiness with having money. 她把幸福和有钱联想到一起。
VI. Grammar point: Sentence Inversion (倒装句）:
• Look for the inverted sentences in the text:
• 1. Only when they ceased to be stars did some of them discover that they
were also good actors! (para.6)
• 2…., and so do many of the famous and wealthy people who have made
their homes in southern California. (para. 8)
英语倒装句的几种情况:
• 1. “某些副词+不及物动词+主语”的句式，需要全部倒装。常用的副词主要有：
here , there , now , then , out , in , down , up , away 等，表示强调。主语是代词时，
不必倒装。
•
Out rushed the boy .
•
Down came the brown wave .
• 2. 表示方位的短语放在句首，后面一般使用倒装语序。
•
West of the lake lies the famous city
.
• 3. There be + 主语+地点。其中动词be也可以是其他词，如lie，stand等。
•
There are many different kinds of mooncakes on the table .
•
There in Greece lived a famous thinker , named Aristotle .
• 4. 如果直接引语后注明是什么人说的，而且主语是名词时，需要完全倒装；主语是
代词时，一般不用倒装。
•
“Let”s go ! ”said the captain .
•
“Take off your boots !” ordered the guard .
•
5. 为了保持句子平衡，或为了强调表语或状语，或使上下文紧密衔接时。
•
They arrived at an old church , in front of which stood a big crowd of
people .
• 6. 用于so开头的句子，表示重复前面相同的内容，意为“也怎么样”。另外，在
结果状语从句句型so …that …中，如果强调so…放在句首，主句需要部分倒装。
•
I often go out for a walk after supper . So does she .
•
我经常在晚饭后出去散步，她也这样。
•
So excited was she at the news that she couldn”t say a word .
•
听到这个消息，她是如此激动，以致于一句话也说不出来。
• 7. 用于nor , neither 开头的句子，表示重复前面相同的内容，“也不怎么样”。
•
Li Lei can”t answer the question . Neither can I .
•
If you don”t wait for him , nor shall I
.
• 8. only放在句首，强调状语（副词，介词短语或状语从句等），全句语序要部分倒
装。
•
Only in this way can we get in touch with them .
•
Only because he was ill was he absent from school .
• 注意：only放在句首，强调主语时，语序不必倒装。
•
Only Mr Wang knows about it .
• 9. 带有否定意义的词放在句首，语序需要部分倒装。常见的词语有： not , never ,
seldom , scarcely , barely , little , at no time , not only , not once , under on
condition , hardly … when , no sooner …than ……等。
•
Little did I think he is a spy .
•
我一点也没想到他是一个间谍。
•
Hardly had I reached home when it began to rain .
•
No sooner had I entered the room than the phone rang .
• 10. 在虚拟语气中，倒装代替条件。
•
Should he be here next week , he would help us with the problem .
•
Were there no light , we could see nothing .
• 11. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子。
•
May you succeed ! 祝你成功！ Long live France ! 法兰西万岁！
翻译题
1、 这座山峰高耸于群山之上，从山峰上可以看到一片美丽的景色。peak
Towering above all the others, this mountain peak commands a fine view.
2、 我请朋友们推荐一位擅长于给儿童看病的医生。recommend
I have asked my friends to recommend a doctor who is good at treating
children.
3、 孩子们在悬吊于树上的一根绳子上荡秋千。swing
The children were swinging on a rope hanging from a tree.
4、 无论如何都要避免和非典病人直接接触。at all costs
Direct contact with the patients suffering from SARS must be avoided at all
costs.
5、 那个恐怖分子残酷、奸诈，肆无忌惮，杀人放火，无恶不作。unscrupulous
Being cruel, treacherous, and unscrupulous, that terrorist committed murder,
arson, and every crime imaginable.
6、 那个老妇人总是干涉别人的事情。interfere in
That old woman is always interfering in other people’s affairs.
7、 发表了几篇有影响的论文以后，他在学术界颇有名气。distinguished
After having several influential papers published, he became quite
distinguished in the academic world.
8、 那座巨大的圆形露天剧场是一个富有吸引力的地方，每年夏天音乐大师们创作的
交响乐曲在那里演奏。the huge outdoor amphitheater
The huge outdoor amphitheater is an attractive place, where symphonies by
great musicians are played every summer.
9、 他把可能需要的东西都装入公文包，而我把可能需要的东西都装入手提箱。pack
He packed a briefcase with what might be required, while I packed a suitcase
with all the things that might be needed.
10、 我们中国人往往将春节与家人团聚联系起来。
We Chinese often associate the Spring Festival with family reunion.
Unit 11 How to Be True to Yourself
sell out
• A. sell all of what was for sale
• eg: All the tickets for the match were completely sold out.
• B. be disloyal or unfaithful to one’s principles or friends.
• eg: He was good writer, but he sold out and now just write for money.
at hand
• Near in time or space
• eg: Our Spring Festival is at hand.
• When he writs, he always keeps a dictionary at hand.
in short supply
• --scarce
• Gold is valuable because it is in short supply all over the world.
Stand for
• A. be a sign or short form of, represent, mean
• eg: WTO stands for World Trade Organization.
• B. allow to continue, accept without complaining
• eg: I wouldn’t stand for that sort of treatment if I were you.
in the face of
• A. in spite of problems, difficulties
• eg: In the face of difficulties and hardships, she managed to keep her sense
of humor.
• He showed great courage in he face of danger.
• B. confronted with
• eg: He was unable to deny the charge in the face of new evidence.
• What would you do in the face of these difficulties?
account for
• A. give or be a satisfactory explanation
• eg: How do you account for losing five games in a month?
• B. be the cause or origin of
• eg: His illness account for his
• absence.
back down (from)
• -- back off, give up ( a claim/position etc.)
• eg: I see he has backed down from the position he took last week.
rely on/upon
• --depend on, trust, have confidence in
• eg: Don’t rely on him lending you the money.
• You may rely on/upon it that he will come early.
• She can always be relied on
• for help.
win the day
• --win the field, be successful, gain victories
• eg: You should work harder in your study If you want to win the day in your
future career.
翻译题
1、 那个精神病医生因谈论他的病人而被指控违反了职业道德规范。ethics
That psychiatrist, who had talked about his patients, was charged with
violating professional ethics.
2、 教室的墙上悬挂着一些名人名言，令人鼓舞，催人奋发。hang on
Hanging on the walls of the classroom are some famous sayings, which inspire
and urge people to exert themselves.
3、 各种各样的商品应有尽有，没有什么东西供应不足。in short supply
All kinds of commodities are available ( to you ). Noting is in short supply.
4、 我们都信任董事长，因为他是个刚正不阿的人。integrity
We all trust the president of the board of directors, who is a man of absolute
integrity.
5、 在我们投票支持他之前，我们想知道他的主张。stand for
Before we vote for him, we want to know what he stands for.
6、 这笔钱是在被告家里发现的，被告不能对此作出令人满意的解释。account for
The defendant couldn’t account for the fact that the money was found in his
house.
7、 我看到他是正确的，我只好放弃原来的主张。back down
When I saw that he was right, I had to back down.
8、 因为她既聪明又勤奋，所以被任命为销售经理。appoint
She has been appointed sales director, for she is both clever and diligent.
9、 本届政府所面临的最大挑战之一是创造新的工业和新的就业机会。challenge
One of the biggest challenges faced by the present government is that of
creating new industries and new jobs.
10、 我们的战士们勇攻敌人的堡垒，其势如暴风骤雨，没过多久，敌人就投降了。
succumb
The enemy succumbed soon after our soldiers stormed its stronghold.
Unit 12 She’s Leaving Home
Show up
1.揭露;暴露 我打算揭发这个说谎者。 I intend to show up this liar.
2. 出席;露面
我们的婚礼,乔治叔叔没有来,因为他忘了。Uncle George didn‘t show up for our
wedding because he forgot.
Sign out: record one’s name when leaving
Eg. Any reader should sign out the book from the library if they want to take
one away.
Turn down: reject, refuse
He proposed to her, but she turned him down.
Break away
1. escape, esp. with a sudden, violent effort
The prisoner broke away from the 2 policemen who were holding him.
2. end one’s connection with a group, organization, way of thinking, etc.
This extremist faction broke away from the main party in 1979.
Approve of sth./doing sth.
她父亲决不会赞成她同汤姆结婚。
Her father will never approve of her marriage to Tom.
Let go of: stop holding
Don’t let go of the rope!
It’s time to let go of the past.
翻译题：
1、 晚年，他从一个有点儿令人讨厌的角色变成了一个被人热切等候光临的嘉宾。
annoyance
In his late years, he changed from a slight annoyance into an eagerly-awaited
visitor.
2、 他做了很多愚蠢的事，他所有的朋友都与他疏远了。estrangement
He did many foolish things, which caused all his friends’ estrangement from
him.
3、 我们偶然想出来的那个计划也许不合逻辑，但它却行之有效。hit upon
The plan which we hit upon was not logical, perhaps, but it worked.
4、 当时我国遭受了罕见的自然灾害，许多人在越来越严重的经济困难中挣扎。
flounder
At that time as our country was hit hard by rarely seen natural disasters many
people were floundering in ever graver economic difficulties.
5、 她拒绝了他的求婚。turn down
She turned down his proposal.
6、 他下定决心改过自新，同那伙犯罪分子分道扬镳了。break away
Determined to turn over a new leaf, he broke away from that gang of criminals.
7、 我们顺利完成了任务，感到兴高采烈。大伙喝一杯如何？go through
Now that we have gone through our task without a hitch, we are all feeling
happy and gay. Shall we have a drink?
8、 我们都支持这个设想，因为它以可靠的票房收入为其坚实后盾。ground
We all support this assumption, for it is well grounded in the box office
receipts.
9、 今年春天天气忽冷忽热，许多人生病了。transition
The frequent transitions from cold to warm weather this spring have caused
many people to become ill.
10、 他深情地抚摸着她的头发，对她表现出深深的爱。stroke
He stroked her hair affectionately, showing profound love for her.