2024年9月18日发(作者：业又绿)
一、名词性从句的界定与分类：
名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句中的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词
性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。
主语从句（Subject Clauses）
Who made the long distance call to him is not important.
表语从句（Predicative Clauses）
That is why he decided to buy a mobile phone.
宾语从句（Object Clauses）
We need to think about what we should say to the students.
同位语从句（Appositive Clauses）
The news that he has been elected president of the United States is true.
二、名词性从句有下列相同之处：
1、 关联词相同
从属连词 that, whether, if
连词代词 who, what, which ,whatever,whichever, whoever,whomever
连词副词 when, where, how, why
2、名词性从句均不能用逗号和主句分开。
一、主语从句：
定义：一个从句在复合句中作主句的主语，这个从句就叫主语从句。
二、主语从句的表现形式：
１。由从属连词引导的主语从句：
a. Whether the country should build a nuclear power station is
something we must discuss.
b. That light travels in straight line is known to all .
２。由连接代词引导的主语从句：
a. What we need is more time.
b. Which type of coal they are going to burn needs to be decided.
c. Whoever is here gets a prize.
３。由连接副词引导的主语从句：
a. When the plane is to take off hasn’t been announced ．
b. Where he has been is still a puzzle.
c. How much water is flowing can be measured easily.
三、关于形式主语 it
主语从句放在句首往往显得头重脚轻，不太平衡，因此，在大多数情况下都是在主语
的位置上用一个形式主语 it，而把主语从句移到句未去。
关于形式主语 it:
以 it 作形式主语，把主语从句后置的常用句型有：
（1）It + be + 形容词 + that从句
It is quite clear that Tom was fond of music.
（2）It + be + 名词 + that从句
It is a pity that she has made such a foolish mistake.
（3）It + be + 过去分词 + that从句
It’s not yet decided that when the test will be given.
（4）It seems, happens 等不及物动词 + that从句
It happened that I didn’t take any money with me.
注意之点：
1、 当what引导的主语从句表示“……东西”时，一般不用it作形式主语。
What he needs is more experience.
Whatever, whoever, whichever引导的主语从句一般也不用it作形式主语。
2、 但以下情况往往必须用it作形式主语，主语从句一般不能放在句首。a. It doesn’t
matter whether he likes or not.
b. It’s said that the highway will be open to traffic next year.
c. Is it likely that it will snow in the afternoon?
3、主语从句不在句首，可以用if代替 whether, 但如若在句首，只能用whether，而不
能用if.
’s not clear to me whether ( if ) she likes to join our discussion.
r she likes to join our discussion is not clear to me.
表语从句：
定义：一个从句在复合句中作主句的表语，这个从句就叫作表语从句。
表语从句和主语指同一内容，它对主语进行解释说明，使主语的内容具体化。表语从
句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语，一般结构是“主语十连系动词+表语从句”。
可以接表语从句的连系动词有 be, look, remain, seem 等。
problem is that millions of people die of illnesses caused by smoking.
question remains whether we can win the people.
’s just what I want.
is where our problem lies.
difficulty is how I can help smokers kick their habit.
值提注意的是：
1、 表语从句的表现形式除了用从属连词，连接代词和连接副词引导以外，还可以由
as if或 as though引导
It looks as if it were going to rain.
2、另外还要注意以下常用的两种结构：
the reason…is that (why)…
it ( this, that ) is because…
reason that ( why ) he was dismissed is that he didn’t work
hard.
is because the tobacco companies want to remain in business.
宾语从句
定义：一个从句在复合中作主句的宾语，这个从句就叫作宾语从句。
宾语从句可以作及物动词的宾词，介词的宾语，某些形容词的宾语以及非谓语动词的
宾语。
一、及物动词后的宾语从句：
1、 由从属连词引导的宾语从句
We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.
2、 由连接代词引导的宾语从句
She will give whoever needs help a warm support.
3、 由连接副词引导的宾语从句
I wonder why she refused my invitation.
二、介词后的宾语从句：
1. I always think of how I can improve my spoken English.
2. The teacher is satisfied with what she has said.
三、某些形容词后的宾语从句：
1. I am sure that you will make greater progress in English
through hard work.
2. We are surprised that he has left without saying goodbye to us.
四、非谓语动词后的宾语从句：
1. Realizing that it was just a difference in custom, the foreigner
smiled and said nothing.
2. On being asked whether he had had a good time in Australia, he
answered “ Terrible ”.
关于形式宾语it
在“及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构中，宾语如果是由从句来担任，则通常放在宾
语补足语的后面，而在原来的宾语位置上用it作形式宾语，如：
must make it clear that anyone who breaks the law will be
punished.
2.I find it necessary that we should ask him for his advice.
宾语从句的时态特点：
宾语从句的时态有时受主句时态的影响。
1、 主句使用现在时（包括一般现在时与现在完成时）时，从句可以使用任何时态，从
句时态可以与主句一致，也可以根据从句本身的需要使用各种时态。
1.I think you are right.
2.I think you were wrong at that time.
3.I think she’ll come in time.
4.I think he has already finished his homework.
5.I doubt whether he is telling the truth.
has told me that she has never been to the Great Wall.
2、 主句使用过去时，从句除表示“真理”可使用现在时态以外，一律使用过去时态。
He said that the earth turns around the sun .
从句中含有过去时间状语时，使用一般过去时。
I didn’t think he was wrong yesterday.
从句中没有过去时间状语，但谈论的是过去发生的事实或
从句含有完成时态状语时，常用过去完成时。
I didn’t think he had been wrong .
从句中含有将来时间状语或虽不含有时间状语，但却是谈论未来发生的事实，使用过
去将来时。
I wondered whether you would mind doing me a favour.
同位语从句：
定义：在复合句中，用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。
同位语从句一般由 that, whether 等连词引导，常放
在 fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, suggestion, information, thought, question 等名词
的后面，说明该名词的具体内容。
l. The news that he had landed on the moon spread
all over the world.
2. I have no idea when he will be back.
3. The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill.
4. He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.
同位语的引导词常用的同位语引导词有 namely ( viz. ) , that is ( i.e. ), for example ( e.g. ),
or, in other words, that is to say, such as 等等。
told us the good news, namely, the museum is open to all.
is only one way of improving your English, that is, to practise more.
2014高考英语名词性从句练习题及答案解析
1．[2014•北京卷] The best moment for the football star was ________ he scored the winning goal.
A．where B．when C．how D．why
解析: B 考查名词性从句(表语从句) 。根据题干前半部分中的moment一词推断，后面应该
说的是“……的时候”，所以本题选B。
2.． [2014•北京卷] Some people believe ________has happened before or is happening now will
repeat itself in the future.
A．whatever B．whenever C．wherever D．however
解析: A 考查名词性从句(宾语从句)。句意：一些人相信过去发生或现在正发生的事情，
将来仍然会重复。宾语从句中缺少主语，并且指的是事件，所以选A。
3. [2014•全国大纲卷] Exactly ________ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but
it wa s probably around 1565.
A. whether B. why C. when D. how
解析: C 考查主语从句的连接词。句意：准确地说，土豆是什么时候被引进欧洲的还不确
定，但可能是在1565年左右。此处when引导主语从句并在从句中作状语。
4． [2014•福建卷] Pick yourself up. Courage is doing ________ you're afraid to do. A．that
B．what C．how D．whether
解析: B 考查名词性从句。句意：振作起来。勇气就是做你害怕去做的事。分析句子结
构可知，此处doing后接宾语从句，而从句中do的后面缺少宾语，故选择B项。
5. [2014•湖南卷] As John Lennon once said，life is ________ happens to you while you are
busy making other plans.
A. which B. that C. what D. where
解析. C 考查名词性从句。句意：正如约翰•列侬曾经说的那样，生活就是当你忙于制订其
他计划时所发生在你身上的事情。引导词既要引导表语从句，又要在从句中作主语。故用
what。
6．[2014•江苏卷] —What a mess! You are always so lazy! —I'm not to blame, Mum. I am
________ you have made me. A．how B．what C．that D．who
解析: B 考查表语从句引导词的用法。句意：“多么混乱啊！你总是这么懒！”“我不应当
受到责备，妈妈，都是你让我变成这个样子的。”分析句子结构后可知，“_______ _ you have
made me”是表语从句，从句中make缺少间接宾语，故用what引导。
7．[2014•山东卷] It is difficult for us to imagine________ life was like for slaves in the ancient
world. A．where B．what C．which D．why
解析: B 考查名词性从句。句意：对我们来说很难想象在古代奴隶的生活是什么样子的。
________ life was like for slaves in the ancient world是宾语从句，作imagine的宾语，在宾语
从句中，like后缺少成分，故用what。
8. [2014•陕西卷] ________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. A. Why
B. When C. That D. What
解析: B 考查名词性从句。句意：延误了的航班何时起飞主要取决于天气。所填词引导主
语从句，在从句中作时间状语，用when，故选B。
9．[2014•四川卷] Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “That's ________ I was born.”
A．when B．how C．why D．where
解析: D 考查名词性从句。此处考查的是名词性从句中的表语从句，根据语境可知选D
项。句意：奶奶指着那个医院说：“那就是我出生的地方。”
10. [2014•天津卷] I think ________ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses. A.
what B. that C. which D. who
解析: A 考查名词性从句。句意：我认为他的绘画给我留下深刻印象的是他使用的颜色。
分析句子结构可知，I think后是宾语从句，从句中谓语动词是is，其前面是主语从句。从句
中谓语动词impresses前又缺主语，需用what引导。
11．[2014•浙江卷] “Every time you eat a sweet，drink green tea.” This is ________ my mother
used to tell me. A．what B．how C．that D．whether．
解析: A 考查名词性从句。句意：母亲过去常常告诉我：“每次吃糖的时候，要喝点儿绿茶。”
此处是由wh at引导的表语从句，因为表语从句中缺少tell的间接宾语，所以用what引导，
选A 项。 12. [2014 •重庆卷] —Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University
yesterday? —Yeah, but I have n o idea ________ he did it; that's one of his favourite universities.
A. when B. why C. that D. how．
解析: B 考查同位语从句的用法。此题易误选C，但后句对Mike拒绝耶鲁大学的录取意愿
感到意外，因为耶鲁大学是Mike最喜欢的大学之一，因此回答者对Mike放弃耶鲁大学感
到不可思议。若用that仅表示不知道此事，但事实上已经知道。故选B。
2024年9月18日发(作者：业又绿)
一、名词性从句的界定与分类：
名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句中的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词
性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。
主语从句（Subject Clauses）
Who made the long distance call to him is not important.
表语从句（Predicative Clauses）
That is why he decided to buy a mobile phone.
宾语从句（Object Clauses）
We need to think about what we should say to the students.
同位语从句（Appositive Clauses）
The news that he has been elected president of the United States is true.
二、名词性从句有下列相同之处：
1、 关联词相同
从属连词 that, whether, if
连词代词 who, what, which ,whatever,whichever, whoever,whomever
连词副词 when, where, how, why
2、名词性从句均不能用逗号和主句分开。
一、主语从句：
定义：一个从句在复合句中作主句的主语，这个从句就叫主语从句。
二、主语从句的表现形式：
１。由从属连词引导的主语从句：
a. Whether the country should build a nuclear power station is
something we must discuss.
b. That light travels in straight line is known to all .
２。由连接代词引导的主语从句：
a. What we need is more time.
b. Which type of coal they are going to burn needs to be decided.
c. Whoever is here gets a prize.
３。由连接副词引导的主语从句：
a. When the plane is to take off hasn’t been announced ．
b. Where he has been is still a puzzle.
c. How much water is flowing can be measured easily.
三、关于形式主语 it
主语从句放在句首往往显得头重脚轻，不太平衡，因此，在大多数情况下都是在主语
的位置上用一个形式主语 it，而把主语从句移到句未去。
关于形式主语 it:
以 it 作形式主语，把主语从句后置的常用句型有：
（1）It + be + 形容词 + that从句
It is quite clear that Tom was fond of music.
（2）It + be + 名词 + that从句
It is a pity that she has made such a foolish mistake.
（3）It + be + 过去分词 + that从句
It’s not yet decided that when the test will be given.
（4）It seems, happens 等不及物动词 + that从句
It happened that I didn’t take any money with me.
注意之点：
1、 当what引导的主语从句表示“……东西”时，一般不用it作形式主语。
What he needs is more experience.
Whatever, whoever, whichever引导的主语从句一般也不用it作形式主语。
2、 但以下情况往往必须用it作形式主语，主语从句一般不能放在句首。a. It doesn’t
matter whether he likes or not.
b. It’s said that the highway will be open to traffic next year.
c. Is it likely that it will snow in the afternoon?
3、主语从句不在句首，可以用if代替 whether, 但如若在句首，只能用whether，而不
能用if.
’s not clear to me whether ( if ) she likes to join our discussion.
r she likes to join our discussion is not clear to me.
表语从句：
定义：一个从句在复合句中作主句的表语，这个从句就叫作表语从句。
表语从句和主语指同一内容，它对主语进行解释说明，使主语的内容具体化。表语从
句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语，一般结构是“主语十连系动词+表语从句”。
可以接表语从句的连系动词有 be, look, remain, seem 等。
problem is that millions of people die of illnesses caused by smoking.
question remains whether we can win the people.
’s just what I want.
is where our problem lies.
difficulty is how I can help smokers kick their habit.
值提注意的是：
1、 表语从句的表现形式除了用从属连词，连接代词和连接副词引导以外，还可以由
as if或 as though引导
It looks as if it were going to rain.
2、另外还要注意以下常用的两种结构：
the reason…is that (why)…
it ( this, that ) is because…
reason that ( why ) he was dismissed is that he didn’t work
hard.
is because the tobacco companies want to remain in business.
宾语从句
定义：一个从句在复合中作主句的宾语，这个从句就叫作宾语从句。
宾语从句可以作及物动词的宾词，介词的宾语，某些形容词的宾语以及非谓语动词的
宾语。
一、及物动词后的宾语从句：
1、 由从属连词引导的宾语从句
We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.
2、 由连接代词引导的宾语从句
She will give whoever needs help a warm support.
3、 由连接副词引导的宾语从句
I wonder why she refused my invitation.
二、介词后的宾语从句：
1. I always think of how I can improve my spoken English.
2. The teacher is satisfied with what she has said.
三、某些形容词后的宾语从句：
1. I am sure that you will make greater progress in English
through hard work.
2. We are surprised that he has left without saying goodbye to us.
四、非谓语动词后的宾语从句：
1. Realizing that it was just a difference in custom, the foreigner
smiled and said nothing.
2. On being asked whether he had had a good time in Australia, he
answered “ Terrible ”.
关于形式宾语it
在“及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构中，宾语如果是由从句来担任，则通常放在宾
语补足语的后面，而在原来的宾语位置上用it作形式宾语，如：
must make it clear that anyone who breaks the law will be
punished.
2.I find it necessary that we should ask him for his advice.
宾语从句的时态特点：
宾语从句的时态有时受主句时态的影响。
1、 主句使用现在时（包括一般现在时与现在完成时）时，从句可以使用任何时态，从
句时态可以与主句一致，也可以根据从句本身的需要使用各种时态。
1.I think you are right.
2.I think you were wrong at that time.
3.I think she’ll come in time.
4.I think he has already finished his homework.
5.I doubt whether he is telling the truth.
has told me that she has never been to the Great Wall.
2、 主句使用过去时，从句除表示“真理”可使用现在时态以外，一律使用过去时态。
He said that the earth turns around the sun .
从句中含有过去时间状语时，使用一般过去时。
I didn’t think he was wrong yesterday.
从句中没有过去时间状语，但谈论的是过去发生的事实或
从句含有完成时态状语时，常用过去完成时。
I didn’t think he had been wrong .
从句中含有将来时间状语或虽不含有时间状语，但却是谈论未来发生的事实，使用过
去将来时。
I wondered whether you would mind doing me a favour.
同位语从句：
定义：在复合句中，用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。
同位语从句一般由 that, whether 等连词引导，常放
在 fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, suggestion, information, thought, question 等名词
的后面，说明该名词的具体内容。
l. The news that he had landed on the moon spread
all over the world.
2. I have no idea when he will be back.
3. The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill.
4. He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.
同位语的引导词常用的同位语引导词有 namely ( viz. ) , that is ( i.e. ), for example ( e.g. ),
or, in other words, that is to say, such as 等等。
told us the good news, namely, the museum is open to all.
is only one way of improving your English, that is, to practise more.
2014高考英语名词性从句练习题及答案解析
1．[2014•北京卷] The best moment for the football star was ________ he scored the winning goal.
A．where B．when C．how D．why
解析: B 考查名词性从句(表语从句) 。根据题干前半部分中的moment一词推断，后面应该
说的是“……的时候”，所以本题选B。
2.． [2014•北京卷] Some people believe ________has happened before or is happening now will
repeat itself in the future.
A．whatever B．whenever C．wherever D．however
解析: A 考查名词性从句(宾语从句)。句意：一些人相信过去发生或现在正发生的事情，
将来仍然会重复。宾语从句中缺少主语，并且指的是事件，所以选A。
3. [2014•全国大纲卷] Exactly ________ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but
it wa s probably around 1565.
A. whether B. why C. when D. how
解析: C 考查主语从句的连接词。句意：准确地说，土豆是什么时候被引进欧洲的还不确
定，但可能是在1565年左右。此处when引导主语从句并在从句中作状语。
4． [2014•福建卷] Pick yourself up. Courage is doing ________ you're afraid to do. A．that
B．what C．how D．whether
解析: B 考查名词性从句。句意：振作起来。勇气就是做你害怕去做的事。分析句子结
构可知，此处doing后接宾语从句，而从句中do的后面缺少宾语，故选择B项。
5. [2014•湖南卷] As John Lennon once said，life is ________ happens to you while you are
busy making other plans.
A. which B. that C. what D. where
解析. C 考查名词性从句。句意：正如约翰•列侬曾经说的那样，生活就是当你忙于制订其
他计划时所发生在你身上的事情。引导词既要引导表语从句，又要在从句中作主语。故用
what。
6．[2014•江苏卷] —What a mess! You are always so lazy! —I'm not to blame, Mum. I am
________ you have made me. A．how B．what C．that D．who
解析: B 考查表语从句引导词的用法。句意：“多么混乱啊！你总是这么懒！”“我不应当
受到责备，妈妈，都是你让我变成这个样子的。”分析句子结构后可知，“_______ _ you have
made me”是表语从句，从句中make缺少间接宾语，故用what引导。
7．[2014•山东卷] It is difficult for us to imagine________ life was like for slaves in the ancient
world. A．where B．what C．which D．why
解析: B 考查名词性从句。句意：对我们来说很难想象在古代奴隶的生活是什么样子的。
________ life was like for slaves in the ancient world是宾语从句，作imagine的宾语，在宾语
从句中，like后缺少成分，故用what。
8. [2014•陕西卷] ________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. A. Why
B. When C. That D. What
解析: B 考查名词性从句。句意：延误了的航班何时起飞主要取决于天气。所填词引导主
语从句，在从句中作时间状语，用when，故选B。
9．[2014•四川卷] Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “That's ________ I was born.”
A．when B．how C．why D．where
解析: D 考查名词性从句。此处考查的是名词性从句中的表语从句，根据语境可知选D
项。句意：奶奶指着那个医院说：“那就是我出生的地方。”
10. [2014•天津卷] I think ________ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses. A.
what B. that C. which D. who
解析: A 考查名词性从句。句意：我认为他的绘画给我留下深刻印象的是他使用的颜色。
分析句子结构可知，I think后是宾语从句，从句中谓语动词是is，其前面是主语从句。从句
中谓语动词impresses前又缺主语，需用what引导。
11．[2014•浙江卷] “Every time you eat a sweet，drink green tea.” This is ________ my mother
used to tell me. A．what B．how C．that D．whether．
解析: A 考查名词性从句。句意：母亲过去常常告诉我：“每次吃糖的时候，要喝点儿绿茶。”
此处是由wh at引导的表语从句，因为表语从句中缺少tell的间接宾语，所以用what引导，
选A 项。 12. [2014 •重庆卷] —Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University
yesterday? —Yeah, but I have n o idea ________ he did it; that's one of his favourite universities.
A. when B. why C. that D. how．
解析: B 考查同位语从句的用法。此题易误选C，但后句对Mike拒绝耶鲁大学的录取意愿
感到意外，因为耶鲁大学是Mike最喜欢的大学之一，因此回答者对Mike放弃耶鲁大学感
到不可思议。若用that仅表示不知道此事，但事实上已经知道。故选B。