2024年8月10日发(作者：唐醉山)
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TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS(2013)
PARTIDICTATION[15MIN]
PleasewritethewholepassageonANSWERSHEETONE.
PARTIILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION[20MIN]
SECTIONACONVERSATIONS
ndoftheconversation,
,listentotheconversation.
ingtotheconversation,anexampleof“Christmastrimemings”couldb
tmaslunchwouldincludeallthefollowingEXCECT
s
HelencometoRob?shouse?
cometohelpBob.
interestedincooking.
ndofthe
thewoman
phonetheclub?
anewcomerandfeltlonely.
interestedinsocialactivities.
nfromtheconversationthattheclub
smembersfromlocalstudents.
easingitsmembership.
ingtotheconversation,thewomanmightcometopracticeGermanon
.
themangoingtodoaftertheconversation?
rthewomantocallhimagain.
rthewomantopickupaform.
ndofthe
conversationyouwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.
ingtothewoman,whatactuallymakesherjobdifficult?
ultquestionsfrominterviewees.
assingrequestsfrominterviewees.
professionalbackground.
interviewingskills.
anusesallthefollowingadjectiveswhentalkingaboutattendingjobfairs
EXCEPT
.
nfromtheconversationthatthewoman
shonestpeople.
riencedinherwork.
SECTIONBPASSAGES
Inthissection,tothepassagescarefullyand
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thenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.
ndofthepassageyou
willbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.
ingtotoday?sweatherforecast,whichpartofEuropehasdryweather?
esternEurope.
rnEurope.
hpartofEuropedoestheweatherstaybothfineandcool?
rnEurope.
esternEurope.
hregionwilltheweatherchangetomorrow?
npartsoftheMediterranean.
rnpartsoftheMediterranean.
ndofthepassageyou
willbegiven20
ingtothepassage,whatbenefitcantechnologybringtopeople?
contactwithmoderndevices.
rchangesinsocialorganization.
understandingofmassmedia.
efulinformationtobettertheirlife.
akerquestionsabouteverybody?n
reasonis
nce.
ingtotheUNplan,allthefollowingwillbeachievedwithintenyearsEXCEPT
everyonearadioorTV.
ngtocarryouttheschemeintenyears.
nginternetservicetomorepeople.
ingmorejobopportunities.
uldbetopicofthepassage?
logyandthedevelopingworld.
nganinformationsociety.
ndofthepassageyou
willbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.
inLatinAmericawearsomething______toexpresstheirhopesforwealthinthe
NewYear.
fthefollowingNewYear?straditionssignalsfriendship?
gsomethingred.
roundfruits.
fthefollowingisNOTmentionedasone?sownNewYear?stradition?
obedearly.
gandshoutingoutside.
SECTIONCNEWSBROADCAST
Inthissection,tothepassagescarefullyand
thenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.
ndofeachnewsitem,
youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.
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happeningtotheschoolsinFairfaxCountythisschoolyear?
A.15schoolshavestartedsocialstudies.
B.15schoolshaveuseddigitaltextbooks.
tsarereadytouseelectronicresources.
ltextbooksareusedforsocialstudies.
gitaltextbooks,schoolshavesavedabout______milliondollars.
A.1B.2C.3D.4
ndofeachnewsitem,
youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.
ndthesuspiciousitemattheairport?
gers.
fthefollowingstatementisINCORRECT?
minalwasclosedtemporarilyafterwards.
asathoroughsearchinsidetheairport.
gersattheairportweresafeandsound.
urityauthoritiesidentifiedtheexplosives.
ndofeachnewsitem,you
willbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.
ingtothenewsitem,doctorsusearttherapytotreatthefollowingproblems
EXCEPT
phrenia.
doctorsintroducearttherapyinthefirstplace?
erunderstandpatients.
hpatientssomeskills.
ndofeachnewsitem,you
willbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.
themainpurposeofthenewrules?
cethenumberofpilotsonduty.
entpilotsfromworkingovertime.
reanadequateamountofsleep.
heamountofworkforeachpilot.
ependentPilotsAssociationwasunhappyaboutthenewrulesbecausethey
ycoveredcargoplanepilots.
ledtocoverallthepilots.
eputintoeffectintwoyears.
etoocostlyifimplemented.
ndofeachnewsitem,you
willbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.
ncreaseinlivestockproductionnecessary?
elivestockproductionishighlyefficient.
emorepeoplewillbecomewealthier.
eitmayhelpdoublefoodproduction.
eithasfewerecologicalrisks.
estheword“challenge”meaninthenewsitem?
ebetweenhumansurvivalandecology.
ctbetweenlesslandandmoreproduction.
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encebetweenpresentandfutureneeds.
yenvironmentalcriticstoconsumelessmeat.
PART3CLOZE15MIN
Everyoneknowsthattaxationisnecessaryinamodernstate:withoutit,it(31)____
_notbepossibletopaythesoldiersandpolicemenwhoprotectus;(32)_____theworkersin
governmentofficeswho(33)_____ourhealth,ourfood,ourwater,andalltheotherthingsth
atwecannotdoforourselves.(34)_____taxation,wepayforthingsthatweneedjust(35)_
____(36)_____everyoneknowsthat
taxationisnecessary,differentpeoplehavedifferentideasabout(37)____taxationshouldbe
arranged.
Inmostcountries,adirecttaxon(38)_____,whichiscalledincometax,(39)_____.Itisarr
angedinsuch(40)______thatthepoorestpeoplepaynothing,andthepercentageoftaxgro
ws(41)____asthetaxpayer'countries,forexample,thetaxonther
ichestpeople(42)______ashighasninety-fivepercent!(43)_____countrieswithtaxation
nearly(44)_____ingsimportedintothecountryhavetopaytaxesor“duti
”course,itisthemenandwomenwhobuytheseimportedthingsintheshops(45)______reallyhavetopaythe
duties,inthe(46)______
countries,(47)_____,ostnecessarythingsa
retaxed,alotofmoneyis(48)____cessarythings
(49)___jewelsandfurcoatsaretaxed,lessmoneyisobtainedbutthetaxis(50)______a
stherichpayit.
Probablythislastkindofindirecttax,togetherwithadirecttaxonincomeswhichislowfort
hepoorandhighfortherich,isthebestarrangement.
rough
as
s
s
p
ted
PART4GRAMMAR&VOCABULARY15MIN
heachsentencetherearefourwordsorp
hrasesmarkedA,B,onewordorphrasethatbestcompletesthesentence.
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MarkyouranswersonAnswerSheetTwo.
theboardofdirectors,hedidn?tdeny________breakingtheagreement.
licizedpartfunctionsasa(n)____
__.
tive(同位语)ment.
fthefollowingisacompoundword(复合词)?______.
.
fthefollowingsentencescontainssubjunctivemood?______.
sistedthathersongethomebefore5o?clock?
dtodrivetowork,butnowshetakesthecitymetro.
raightahead,anddon'tturntillthesecondtrafficlights.
llcancelhisflightifhecannotgethisvisabyFriday.
lowingdeterminers(限定
词)canbeusedwithbothpluralanduncountablenounsEXCEPT______.
.
ftheitalicizedpartsindicatesCONTRAST?______.
nedthedoorandquietlywentin.
ialikesmusicandSamisfondofsports.
toveragainandyou?llgetananswer.
mewhatarrogant,andIdon'tlikethis.
fthefollowingCANNOTbeusedasanominalsubstitute(名词替代
词)?______.
r.
followingsentencesdefinitelyindicatefuturetimeEXCEPT______.
istohaveteawithAuntBettyatfour.
sidentiscomingtotheUNnextweek.
oolpupilswillbehomebynow.
ingtoemailmethenecessaryinformation.
fthefollowingsentencesisgrammaticallyINCORRECT?______.
csaretheartorscienceofgovernment.
esseemslikealongwalktome.
f
urniturehasarrivedundamaged.
finthefollowingphrasesindicatesasubject-predicaterelationship?______.
ofNewton
ysofOscarWilde
fthefollowingitalicizedpartsservesasanappositive?______.
tbacktheurgetotellalie.
sreallynothingtofear.
fthefollowingisNOTanimperativesentence?______.
riveyouhome,shallI?
lmindyourownbusiness!
dhavedinnerwithus.
oucouldstaybehind.,
______tomorrow,thematchwouldbeputoff.
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ned
fthefollowingsentencesexpressesafact?______.
dhersonmustbehomebynow.
ssreadingmustgivepoorresults.
?sgettinglate,andImustleavenow.
beworkinglateattheoffice.
lowingarealldynamicverbs(动态动词)EXCEPT______.
.
66.____toschoollifewaslessdifficultthanthepupilhadexpected.
nting
dupwiththesameolddrearyroutine,erlinedp
artmeans_________.
night?erlinedp
artmeans________.
abletostop
n?n?ttolerate
ple______theiroldhouseandsolditforavastprofit.
ontributedalottotheproject,butsheneveronceacceptedallthe____forherself.
ldnodded,apparentlycontentwithhismother?erlinedpartmea
ns_________.
soneisconcerned
soneistold
________thatsportbuildscharacteriswellacceptedbypeoplenowadays.
ce
underlinedpartmeans________.
underlinedpartmeans_________.
cidentcanbeprevented
anaccident
ionally,localmidwiveswould________allthebabiesinthearea.
erlinedpartmeans________
rtwouldnotaccepthisappealunless________evidenceisprovided.
ding
asheopenedthedoor,a________ofcoldairsweptthroughthehouse.
llywantedtosaysomethingatthemeeting,buteventually________fromit.
cted
erline
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dpartmeans_________.
y
PARTVREADINGCOMPREHENSION25MIN
Inthissectiontherearefourpassagesfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eac
hwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,theonethatyouthinkisthe
uranswersonAnswerSheetTwo.
TEXTA
TheartofpublicspeakingbeganinancientGreeceover2,,twitter,instan
tmessaging,e-mail,blogsandchatforumsofferrivalapproachestocommunication-butnon
ecanreplacetheroleofagreatspeech.
Thespokenwordcanhandlevariousvitalfunctions:persuadingorinspiring,informing,payi
ngtribute,entertaining,orsimplyintroducingsomeoneorsomethingoracceptingsomething.
Overthepastyear,thehumanvoicehashelpedguideusovertheupsanddownsofwhatwa
scertainlyastormytime.
eleadersm
etinCopenhageninDecember2009,persuasivewordsfromactivistsencouragedthemtocom
cuson
topicsandmattersthatareclosetopeople'wars,generalsusedinspiringspee
chestopreparethetroopsforbattle.
ormatio
nmustbeclear,accurate,andexpressedinameaningfulandinterestingwa（y.流行病）
announced,theideaof“swineflu”ativespeechesfromWorldHealthOr
ganizationofficialshelpedpeopletokeeptheirpanicundercontrolsotheycouldtakesensibl
eprecautions.
Sadeventsarenevereasytodealwithbutaspeechthatpaystributetothelossofalovedon
a'sspeechaboutMichael
Jackson,afterhisdeath,highlightedthefactthathewillcontinuetoliveonthroughhismusi
c.
It'lsobesur
prisinglyhelpfulinthecourseofourownlives.
Ifyou?retakingpartinadebateyouneedtopersuadethelistenersofthesoundnessofyoura
ts,athletesknowtheimportanceofapeptalk（鼓舞士气的讲
话）rselfmaybeaskedtodoapresentationat
collegeorworktoinformtheothersaboutanareaofvitalimportance.
Onamorepersonallevel,ightbeasked
tointroduceaspeakeratafamilyeventortospeakatawedding,whereyourlanguagewillb
eneededtomovepeopleormakethemlaugh.
Greatspeakingabilityisnotsomethingwe'rackObamaworkshardtop
illiantspeech,
rnthoserulesyouhavetopracticeandlearnfromsomeoutstandingspeechesinthepast.
horthinksthespokenwordisstillirreplaceablebecause______.
lwaysbeenusedtoinspireorpersuadepeople.
bigroletoplayintheentertainmentbusiness.
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simportantrolesinhumancommunication.
greatuseineveryday-lifecontext.
fthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTabouttheroleofpublicspeaking?__
___
esatworldforumscanleadtoeffectivesolutionstoworldproblems.
aleofsold
iersbeforeabattlecanbeboostedbyseniorofficers'speeches.
espayingtributetothedeadcancomfortthemourners.
speakingcanplayallthefollowingrolesEXCEPT______.
incepeopleinadebate.
rmpeopleatapresentation.
sepeopleatwork.
rtainpeopleatawedding.
ingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheauthor'sviewon____
__“greaspteakingability”?
sfromobservingrules.
eperfectedwitheasyeffort.
eacquiredfrombirth.
sfromlearningandpractice.
themainideaofthepassage?______.
speakingininternationalforums.
yusesofpublicspeaking.
speakingindailylifecontext.
esofpublicspeaking.
TEXTB
Everybusinessneedstwothings,saysSkullcandyCEORickAlden:inspirationanddesperat
2001,'dsoldtwosnowboardingbusinesses,andhewasdesperatel
adanidea:Hewantedtomakeanewkindofheadphone“.Ikeptseeingpe
oplemissingtheircellphonecallsbecausetheywerelisteningtomusic,”'
minachairlift,I'vegotmyheadphoneson,1takemyg
lovesoffandreachformyphone,Ithink,“Itcan'tbethattoughtomakeheadphoneswithtw
oplugs,oneformusicandoneforyourcellphone.”Aldendescribedwhathewantedtoades
igner,perfectedaprototype,andoutsource（d外包）manufacturingoverseas.
Aldenthenstarteddesigningheadphonesintohelmets,backpacks-anywherethatwouldmak
eiteasytolistentomusicwhilesnowboarding.“Sellingintoboardandskateshopswasn'ta
bigresearcheffort,h”eexplains.“ThoseweretheonlyguysIknew!”Aldendidn?twanttobe
utsourcing,he'as
kedhiswife“,CanIputa（抵押贷
款）
onthehouse?Shesaid,,Whatistheworstthingthatcanhappen?Welosethehouse,wesellourcars,andwestartall
overagain.?Idefinitelymarriedtherightwoman!”
Forthenexttwoyears,Aldenjuggledmortgagepaymentsandpaymentstohismanufacturers
.“Factoriewson'tshipyourproducttilltheygetpaid,”hesays.“Buitttakesfourorfivemonthstogetamortgag
idthefactory
first.”
Gradually,non-
2006,thecompanystartedsellingthemin1,400FYE(
ForYourEntertainment)stores“.Weknewthatnineoutof
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tenpeoplewa
wouldtheylookatbrandstheyknewandtakehomeanewbrandinstead?Wehadagreedto
buybackanythingwedidn?tsell,?dkillustotake
backalltheproducts
Alden?sfearsfadedasSkullcandybecametheNo.1headphonesellerinthosestoresandtrip
leditsrevenueto$insightwasthatheadphonewseren?tgadgets;theywereafashio
naccessory“.Inthebeginning,h”esays,“thaltittlewhitewirethatsa
wearingthewhitebudmeansyou?rejustlikee
onesoccupythiscriticalpieceofcranialrealestateandarehighlyvisibl
e.”
Today,SkullcandyisAmerica'ssecond-largestheadphonesupplier,79emplo
yees,thecompanyisbiggerthanAldeneverimagined.
ameupwiththeideaofanewkindofheadphonebecausehe______.
ongerinsnowboardingbusiness.
therbusinessopportunities.
yfondofmodernmusic.
nconvenienceamongmobileusers.
headphonewasoriginallydesignedfor______.
yclists.
onrunners.
ensolvethemoneyproblem?______.
hishouseandhiscars.
iescouldshipproductsbeforebeingpaid.
owedmoneyfromamortgagecompany.
owedmoneyfromhiswife'sfamily.
dAldendotopromotesalesinFYEstores?______.
tmoremoneyonproductadvertising.
isedtobuybackproductsnotsold.
edtosellproductsatadiscount.
ovedthecolourdesignoftheproduct.
eesheadphonesas______.
lofstatus.
fdevice.
TEXTC
IwasstandinginmykitchenwonderingwhattohaveforlunchwhenmyfriendTajcalled.“
Sitdown,”htshewasgoingtotellmeshehadjustgottenthehaircutfromh
edandsaid,“Ictan'tbethatbad.”
thephonecall,Ihad30yearsofretirementsavingina“safefu”ndwithabrilliantfinancia
lguru（金融大
亨）.WhenIputdownthephone,sifIhaddiedand,forsome
unknownreason,wasstillbreathing.
SinceBernieMadoff?sarrestonchargesofrunninga$65millionPonzischeme,I've
rc
ouldsayIhadreservationsaboutMadoffbefore“theCall”b,utIdidnot.
OnNewYear'sEve,threeweeksafterwelostoursavings,sixofusMadoffpeoplegathered
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atTaj'resittingaroundthetable,someoneaske“d,Ifyoucouldh
aveyourmoneybackrightnow,butitwouldmeangivingupwhatyouhavelearnedbylosin
git,wouldyoutakethemoneyorwouldyoutakewhatlosingthemoneyhasgivenyou?”
,“Ijustwantthemoneyback.”Iwasn'tcert
hatlosingourmoneyhadcrackedmewideopenI?.dbeenwalking
aroundlikewhattheBuddhistscallahungryghost:alwaysfocusedonthebitethatwasyett
ocome,erhowmuchIateorhadorexperienced,ditidn?t
satisfyme,becauseIwasn?treallytakingitin,wasn'sforcedtopay
,Icouldn'thonestlysaythatifsomeonehadofferedmethemoneyback,Iwou
ldturnitdown.
Buttheotherfourallsaidthatwhattheywereseeingaboutthemselveswasincalculable,and
theydidn?tthinkitwouldhavebecomeapparentwithoutthegroundoffinancialstabilitybei
ng
rippedoutfromunderneaththem.
MyfriendMichaelsaid,I??sasifthemusclesofmyheartstartedtoatroph（萎
缩）.Nowthey?reawake,alive—
andIdon?twanttogoback.”Theseweren?landhiswifeneededtotakeinboarderstome
ettheir
sobrokethatshewasmovingintsoomeone?sgarageapartmentinthreewe
riendshaddeclaredbankruptcyandweren'tsurewhereorhowtheyweregoingt
olive.
dtheauthorlearnfromTaj?scall?
anawfulhaircut.
dlosttheirretirementsavings.
justretiredfromwork.
regoingtomeetforlunch.
theauthorfeelinthefollowingweeks?
ate.
ingtothepassage,towhichwassh“eforcedtopayattention”?
band.
erience.
fthefollowingstatementsisCORRECTaboutherfriends?
endsvaluedtheirexperiencemore.
endsfeltthesameasshedid.
endswereinabetterfinancialsituation.
DHerfriendsweremoreoptimisticthanshe.
themessageofthepassage?
formoneyishumannature.
tobedecisiveduringcrises.
tandinggainedismoreimportantthanmoneylost.
turaltoseevariedresponsestofinancialcrises.
TEXTD
Inthe19thcentury,realltheseto
b,ascaptainofyoursoul,istoerectdamstok
bistojustsaynotolaziness,lust,greed,druguseandth
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eothersins.
allycan?tchangeyourbehaviourbysimply
gwhattodoisnotthesameasbeingabletodoit.
Yo'smorelikea
muscle,er,you'ybodyaroundyouisover
eating,you?llprobablydoso,too.
T,wekn
canchangetheirlives,butorderingchangeisnotsimple
becausemanythings,evenwithinourselves,arebeyondourdirectcontrol.
Muchofourbehaviour,forexample,chersatDuke
Universitycalculatedthatmorethan40percentoftheactionswetakearegovernedbyhabit,
chershavealsocometounderstandthestructureofha—bictsue,
routine,reward.
eaverunningshortsonthefloorat
night,that'?ttrytoignoreyourafternoonsnack
imeyoufeelthecueforasnack,alk.
Theirresearchthusimpliesadifferentcharactermodel,whichissupposedtomanipulatethe
neural（神经系统的）networksinside.
Tobeaneffectiveperson,underthismodel,youaresupposedtocoollyexamineyourownun
conscioushabits,supposedtodevisestrategi
elationshipbecomesslightlymanipulative,including
'retryingtoarousecertainresponsesbyimplantingcert
aincues.
Thisisabitdisturbing,becausetheimportanthabitualneuralnetworksarenotformedbyme
reroutine,eburnedinbyemotionandstreng
thenedbystrongyearnings,hinky
oucanchangeyourlifeinacleverway,thewayanadvertisercangetyoutobuyanairfreshe
ner,you'ictoriansunderstood,ifyouwanttochangeyourlife,don
?tosomelargerglobalbelief.
fthefollowingisakeyelementinthe19th-centurycharactermodel?
ination.
19th-centurymodelsupposedlydoesnotworkbecause______.
eremanyotherfactorsbeyondone'scontrol.
orkedunsatisfactorilymostofthetime.
parisonoffreewilltoadamisgroundless.
ewishestodoshouldbeconsideredcarefully.
themainimplicationoftheresearchatDukeUniversity?
skeytoone'sbehaviour.
'sbehaviourisdifficulttochange.
bitandwillpowerareimportant.
asanunidentifiedstructure.
ingtothenewcharactermodel,personalbehaviourcouldbealteredthrough_____
_.
stopalltheformerunconscioushabits.
manipulatethehabitualneuralresponses.
questodevisedifferentphysicalcues.
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questosupplementoldroutines.
nfromthepassagethatthenewcharactermodel______.
estheneuralandpsychologicalaspectsofhabitchange.
ngaboutchangesinone'slifelikewhatadvertisersdo.
nusedtochangebehavioursuccessfully.
etterwithemotionalaspectsofbehaviour.
PARTVIWRITING
SECTIONACOMPOSITION45MIN
Mostofus,asstudents,arecarefulwithourmoneyindailylife:wecollectallkindsofcoupo
ns;
welookforgroup-buydealsifweeatoutortravel;wedon'
wever,youropinio
n?
towriteinth
reeparts.
Inthefirstpart,statespecificallywhatyouropinionis.
Inthesecondpart,provideoneortworeasonsoryourexperience(s)tosupportyouropinion.
Inthelastpart,bringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionormakeasummary.
Youshouldsupplyanappropriatetitleforyourcomposition.
Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,languageandappropriateness.
SECTIONBNOTE-WRITING[10MIN]
WriteonANSWERSHEETTHREEanoteofabout50-60wordsbasedonthefollowingsitu
ation:
Yourformerhigh-schoolclassmate(MatheworGrace)
t,youhavegotsomethingurgenttodoandthuscannotwaitforhim/noteo
nthedoor,expressingyourapologyandtellinghim/tmakeclea
rwhereyouareinthenote.
Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,languageandappropriateness.
附：【答案详解】
PART1Dictation
Whatisadreamfor?
'texpressthese
rtheoryisthatdreamsallow
ustosolveproblemsthatwecan'sleepwiththeproblemandwake
ybeawaytouseourdreamsratherthanapurposeofdreaming.
Ifyoubelievethatyourdreamsareimportant,thenanalyzingthemmayhelpyoutofocuson
ernimageisthatthedreamsarethe
brains'waveofcleaningupthecomputer'organizetheeventsoftheday
llknowthatverylittleofwhatwedream
isconcernedwithwhathappenedtousthatday.
PART2LITENINGCOMPREHENSION
1-10ABCADACAAD
11-20DCADBBBDAC
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21-30DBADBCBBCA
PART3CLOZE
31-40DACBDCBACB
41-50DCADBBCDBB
PART4GRAMMAR&VOCABULARY
theboardofdirectors,hedidn'tdeny__________breakingtheagreement.
解析：本题考查动名词的逻辑主语。动名词可以有自己的逻辑（意义）主语，一
般可以用名词所有格Tom,s，代词宾格如him（口语），书面语情况下一般用物主代词his，their。本题选
C，但我还是要吐槽，因为根本就不需要多此一举添加
his,hedidn'tdenybreakingthe
agreement完全正确，比原题要精简地道许多，从写作角度来看，his根本是多余的，当
然纯粹考察语法的话选C。
licizedpartfunctionsasa(n)____
___.tive(同位语)ment.
解析：此题恐怕是最受争议的题目了，有人认为选A，有人认为选D。据目前来看，选
D，具体讲解有待更新
fthefollowingisacompoundword(复合词)？
解析：首先要知道什么是复合词。
Acompoundisawordthatconsistsofmore
thanonefreemorpheme。所谓morpheme词素是最小的音义结合体，其最大的特点是不
能再被分割为更小的音义结合体。而free
morpheme是指能独立存在使用的词素，boundmorpheme则是必须依附于其他单位的词
素，比如前缀后缀属于boundmorpheme，如pre-，-ment，在单词shipment里，ship就
是free
morpheme，ment则是bound。因此四个选项里只有deadline是由两个freemorpheme构
成（dead+line），其他三个都有Bound
morpheme比如non,ness,mis等-。
fthefollowingsentencescontainssubjunctivemood?
sistedthathersongethomebefore5o'clock?
dtodrivetowork,butnowshetakesthecitymetro.
raightahead,anddon'tturntillthesecondtrafficlights.
llcancelhisflightifhecannotgethisvi
sabyFriday.解析:subjunctive
mood是指虚拟语气，四个选项里只有A的insist属于虚拟语气用法，其中that从句里
省略了should。
-followingdeterminerscanbeusedwithbothpluralanduncountablenounsEXCEPT
解析：限定词的用法是近几年专四的热门考点，诸如some，many，both，all，each等
用法究竟如何还是希望大家多翻阅语法书和词典。这道题看似有点难度，也许你从来不
知道哪个限定词可以接名词复数和不可数名词，但好在备选项里每个单词你都可以去接
名词试试就知道了，比如more
money,moretrees;enoughmoney,enoughtrees;manymoney?,manytrees;suchbigtrees,suchbehavior.所以选
C。
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WORD格式
ftheitalicizedpartsindicatesCONTRAST?
nedthedoorandquietlywentin.
ialikesmusicandSamisfondofsports.
toveragainandyou'me
whatarrogant,andIdon'tlikethis.
解析：首先要明白and不一定表示并列。A，C里的and表示先后；D里的and表示递
进；只有B里的and表示对比。
fthefollowingCANNOTbeusedasanominalsubstitute(名词替代
词)？r
解析：估计不少学生看到名词替代词这个术语，一开始都吓着了，因为压根没听说过，
不过对做这道题目倒无大碍，所谓名词替代词顾名思义就是指能代替名词或名词短语，
避免重复的词，英语里one,
ones,(the)same等都是常见的。比如Therearegoodfilmsaswellasbadone除s.此以外还有
thekind,thesort，比如Slangdisappearsquickly,especiallythejuvenile
sort.还有一些不定代词等比如
all,both,some,anyenough,several,none,many,much,(a)few,(a)little,theother,others,an
other,either,neither等，比如
Canyougetmesomenails??twantanymorefood.I?vehadenough.本题
选D,quarter不是名词替代词。
followingsentencesdefinitelyindicatefuturetimeEXCEPT
sidentiscomingtotheUNn
extweek,
oolpupilswillbehomebynow.
ingtoemailmethenecessaryinformation.解析：这道题目有点意思，既考查时态，又考查
will的用法，A/B/D都是将来时的各种
表达，唯独C的will，看似是将来时标志，其实不然，因为和by
now矛盾，这里will的用法是指youthinksomethingistrue，表说话人自己的看法，比如
ThatwillbeTimcominghomenow;Askanyoneandtheywilltellyouthesamething.本题
选C。
fthefollowingsentencesisgrammaticallyINCORRECT?csaretheart
orscienceofgovernment.
sakin
furniturehasarriv
edundamaged.解析：本题考查主谓一致（agreemen）
t。ten
miles看作整体单数，mumps腮腺炎这个单词就是以s结尾的，不可数名词；furniture
在英语里是不可数名词；A里的politics并不是指政治，而是指政治学(political
science)，是不可数名词，但这个用法主要是英式英语。此外，politics表示政治可以看
作不可数名词，也可以看作复数，比如Politicshave
alwaysinterestedme.本题选A。
finthefollowingphrasesindicatesasubject-predicaterelationship?iv
ysofOsca
rWilde
解析：传统语法和现代句法学关于什么是predicate本身就不一样，题目的传统语法
predicate指谓语，是对主语动作或状态的陈述或说明，指出“做什么”是“什么”或“怎么样”。
其次，说实话，我手上所有图书查不到相关语法点讲解subject-predicate
专业资料整理
WORD格式
relationship，谷歌后也没有什么结果，但我知道是选A，游客到来，只是我暂时找不出
任何可靠来源来解释。
fthefollowingitalicizedpartsservesasanappositive?tthemantod
rawback.
tbacktheurgetotellalie.
asalargefamilytosupport.
sreallynothingtofear.
解析：又是同位语？！但是翻遍手上的各类参考书，都没有关于不定式to的同位语用法。
四个选项的用法在语法书里并没有做进一步区分，都成为不定式的定语用法，修饰名词。
不过还是可以看出不太一样的地方，A中名词和不定式是动宾结构the
mandrawback，C和D都是不定式和名词构成动宾tofearnothing,tosupportfamily；而
唯独B,urge(冲动)的内容就是指totellalie撒谎，故为同位语。
fthefollowingisNOTanimperativesentence?
riveyouhome,shallI?dhave
oucouldstaybehind.解析：花了点时间翻遍手头各类语法和用法图书，除了直接
用动词打头，Do/Don't，You/
其他唤名+动词,let类型外，均没有见到D的wish类型。
_______tomorrow,thematchwouldbeputoff.
ned解析：最经典
的If条件虚拟句，说的是将来，应该选A.
fthefollowingsentencesexpressesafact?
dhersonmustbehomebynow.
ssreadingmustgivepoorresults.
'sgettinglate,andImustleavenow.
beworkinglateattheoffice.
解析：很多人都以为选B，其实应该选C。A，B和D都是推测，当然了C里说的fact
其实是指天色不早了。请注意B，不要以为有了must就是fact，情态动词再华丽还是表
示情态，说话人的态度观点，B要改为Carelessreadinggivespoorresults才是fact。
lowingarealldynamicverbs(动态动词)EXCEPT
解析：看到专四考这个题目，我只能呵呵。动态动词是指能够延续持续动作的，比如hit，
run等，相反的则是stativeverb静态动词，比如know.现在进行时是常见检验手段。你
不能说Iamknowingtheanswer，只能说Iknowtheanswer，因此know是静态动词。同
理，题目的A选项remain也是静态动词，其他都是动态动词。
66-70CABDA71-75CBDAC76-80CADBA
PART5READINGCOMPREHENSION
81-85CACDB86-90DACBC
91-95BDDAC96-100DAACA
PART6WRITING
SECTIONACOMPOSITION
Theadvantagesofbeingcarefulwithmoneyindailylife
Nowadays,thereisahotdebateonwhetherpeople,includingstudentsshouldbecarefulwith
oplethinkitis
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yeyes,the
advantagesofbeingcarefulwithmoneyindailylifeoutweighthedisadvantages.
First,hriftyis
ofgreathelp,especiallywhentheeconomicstatusaroundtheworldisnotverygoodandit
abitofbeingcarefulwithmoneywill
helpmanypeoplegothroughthisdifficultperiodoranyotherdifficultfinancialsituationintheirlife.
Peopl
students,thisawarenessisalsoofgreathelpsincetheymainlydependontheirparentsfor
eykeepthisawarenessintheirmind,theywilldefinitelyavoid
wastingmoney.
Secondly,beingcarefulwithmoneyis,infact,agoodwayofpracticinghowtomanage
one'entsociety,ories
rast,
carefulwithmoneymeansanefficientuseofmoney,which,inessence,equalstopartofthe
arefulwithmoneycanteachpeopletomakebestuseof
theirmoney.
Itistruethatbeingtoocarefulwithmoneymayhavesomedisadvantages;forexample,it
rallthisbehaviorisgood
-consciousnessisalwaysneededinthemarket-oriented
economy.
SECTIONBApril20
DearMathew,
I'mwritingtoshowmyapologyforbeingunabletowaitforyouinmydorm.I'mreally
cometoRoom1003,No.3Teaching
onthebackofthenotewillhelpyou.I'llwaitforyouthere.
Yours,Tracy
专业资料整理
2024年8月10日发(作者：唐醉山)
WORD格式
TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS(2013)
PARTIDICTATION[15MIN]
PleasewritethewholepassageonANSWERSHEETONE.
PARTIILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION[20MIN]
SECTIONACONVERSATIONS
ndoftheconversation,
,listentotheconversation.
ingtotheconversation,anexampleof“Christmastrimemings”couldb
tmaslunchwouldincludeallthefollowingEXCECT
s
HelencometoRob?shouse?
cometohelpBob.
interestedincooking.
ndofthe
thewoman
phonetheclub?
anewcomerandfeltlonely.
interestedinsocialactivities.
nfromtheconversationthattheclub
smembersfromlocalstudents.
easingitsmembership.
ingtotheconversation,thewomanmightcometopracticeGermanon
.
themangoingtodoaftertheconversation?
rthewomantocallhimagain.
rthewomantopickupaform.
ndofthe
conversationyouwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.
ingtothewoman,whatactuallymakesherjobdifficult?
ultquestionsfrominterviewees.
assingrequestsfrominterviewees.
professionalbackground.
interviewingskills.
anusesallthefollowingadjectiveswhentalkingaboutattendingjobfairs
EXCEPT
.
nfromtheconversationthatthewoman
shonestpeople.
riencedinherwork.
SECTIONBPASSAGES
Inthissection,tothepassagescarefullyand
专业资料整理
WORD格式
thenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.
ndofthepassageyou
willbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.
ingtotoday?sweatherforecast,whichpartofEuropehasdryweather?
esternEurope.
rnEurope.
hpartofEuropedoestheweatherstaybothfineandcool?
rnEurope.
esternEurope.
hregionwilltheweatherchangetomorrow?
npartsoftheMediterranean.
rnpartsoftheMediterranean.
ndofthepassageyou
willbegiven20
ingtothepassage,whatbenefitcantechnologybringtopeople?
contactwithmoderndevices.
rchangesinsocialorganization.
understandingofmassmedia.
efulinformationtobettertheirlife.
akerquestionsabouteverybody?n
reasonis
nce.
ingtotheUNplan,allthefollowingwillbeachievedwithintenyearsEXCEPT
everyonearadioorTV.
ngtocarryouttheschemeintenyears.
nginternetservicetomorepeople.
ingmorejobopportunities.
uldbetopicofthepassage?
logyandthedevelopingworld.
nganinformationsociety.
ndofthepassageyou
willbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.
inLatinAmericawearsomething______toexpresstheirhopesforwealthinthe
NewYear.
fthefollowingNewYear?straditionssignalsfriendship?
gsomethingred.
roundfruits.
fthefollowingisNOTmentionedasone?sownNewYear?stradition?
obedearly.
gandshoutingoutside.
SECTIONCNEWSBROADCAST
Inthissection,tothepassagescarefullyand
thenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.
ndofeachnewsitem,
youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.
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WORD格式
happeningtotheschoolsinFairfaxCountythisschoolyear?
A.15schoolshavestartedsocialstudies.
B.15schoolshaveuseddigitaltextbooks.
tsarereadytouseelectronicresources.
ltextbooksareusedforsocialstudies.
gitaltextbooks,schoolshavesavedabout______milliondollars.
A.1B.2C.3D.4
ndofeachnewsitem,
youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.
ndthesuspiciousitemattheairport?
gers.
fthefollowingstatementisINCORRECT?
minalwasclosedtemporarilyafterwards.
asathoroughsearchinsidetheairport.
gersattheairportweresafeandsound.
urityauthoritiesidentifiedtheexplosives.
ndofeachnewsitem,you
willbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.
ingtothenewsitem,doctorsusearttherapytotreatthefollowingproblems
EXCEPT
phrenia.
doctorsintroducearttherapyinthefirstplace?
erunderstandpatients.
hpatientssomeskills.
ndofeachnewsitem,you
willbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.
themainpurposeofthenewrules?
cethenumberofpilotsonduty.
entpilotsfromworkingovertime.
reanadequateamountofsleep.
heamountofworkforeachpilot.
ependentPilotsAssociationwasunhappyaboutthenewrulesbecausethey
ycoveredcargoplanepilots.
ledtocoverallthepilots.
eputintoeffectintwoyears.
etoocostlyifimplemented.
ndofeachnewsitem,you
willbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.
ncreaseinlivestockproductionnecessary?
elivestockproductionishighlyefficient.
emorepeoplewillbecomewealthier.
eitmayhelpdoublefoodproduction.
eithasfewerecologicalrisks.
estheword“challenge”meaninthenewsitem?
ebetweenhumansurvivalandecology.
ctbetweenlesslandandmoreproduction.
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encebetweenpresentandfutureneeds.
yenvironmentalcriticstoconsumelessmeat.
PART3CLOZE15MIN
Everyoneknowsthattaxationisnecessaryinamodernstate:withoutit,it(31)____
_notbepossibletopaythesoldiersandpolicemenwhoprotectus;(32)_____theworkersin
governmentofficeswho(33)_____ourhealth,ourfood,ourwater,andalltheotherthingsth
atwecannotdoforourselves.(34)_____taxation,wepayforthingsthatweneedjust(35)_
____(36)_____everyoneknowsthat
taxationisnecessary,differentpeoplehavedifferentideasabout(37)____taxationshouldbe
arranged.
Inmostcountries,adirecttaxon(38)_____,whichiscalledincometax,(39)_____.Itisarr
angedinsuch(40)______thatthepoorestpeoplepaynothing,andthepercentageoftaxgro
ws(41)____asthetaxpayer'countries,forexample,thetaxonther
ichestpeople(42)______ashighasninety-fivepercent!(43)_____countrieswithtaxation
nearly(44)_____ingsimportedintothecountryhavetopaytaxesor“duti
”course,itisthemenandwomenwhobuytheseimportedthingsintheshops(45)______reallyhavetopaythe
duties,inthe(46)______
countries,(47)_____,ostnecessarythingsa
retaxed,alotofmoneyis(48)____cessarythings
(49)___jewelsandfurcoatsaretaxed,lessmoneyisobtainedbutthetaxis(50)______a
stherichpayit.
Probablythislastkindofindirecttax,togetherwithadirecttaxonincomeswhichislowfort
hepoorandhighfortherich,isthebestarrangement.
rough
as
s
s
p
ted
PART4GRAMMAR&VOCABULARY15MIN
heachsentencetherearefourwordsorp
hrasesmarkedA,B,onewordorphrasethatbestcompletesthesentence.
专业资料整理
WORD格式
MarkyouranswersonAnswerSheetTwo.
theboardofdirectors,hedidn?tdeny________breakingtheagreement.
licizedpartfunctionsasa(n)____
__.
tive(同位语)ment.
fthefollowingisacompoundword(复合词)?______.
.
fthefollowingsentencescontainssubjunctivemood?______.
sistedthathersongethomebefore5o?clock?
dtodrivetowork,butnowshetakesthecitymetro.
raightahead,anddon'tturntillthesecondtrafficlights.
llcancelhisflightifhecannotgethisvisabyFriday.
lowingdeterminers(限定
词)canbeusedwithbothpluralanduncountablenounsEXCEPT______.
.
ftheitalicizedpartsindicatesCONTRAST?______.
nedthedoorandquietlywentin.
ialikesmusicandSamisfondofsports.
toveragainandyou?llgetananswer.
mewhatarrogant,andIdon'tlikethis.
fthefollowingCANNOTbeusedasanominalsubstitute(名词替代
词)?______.
r.
followingsentencesdefinitelyindicatefuturetimeEXCEPT______.
istohaveteawithAuntBettyatfour.
sidentiscomingtotheUNnextweek.
oolpupilswillbehomebynow.
ingtoemailmethenecessaryinformation.
fthefollowingsentencesisgrammaticallyINCORRECT?______.
csaretheartorscienceofgovernment.
esseemslikealongwalktome.
f
urniturehasarrivedundamaged.
finthefollowingphrasesindicatesasubject-predicaterelationship?______.
ofNewton
ysofOscarWilde
fthefollowingitalicizedpartsservesasanappositive?______.
tbacktheurgetotellalie.
sreallynothingtofear.
fthefollowingisNOTanimperativesentence?______.
riveyouhome,shallI?
lmindyourownbusiness!
dhavedinnerwithus.
oucouldstaybehind.,
______tomorrow,thematchwouldbeputoff.
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WORD格式
ned
fthefollowingsentencesexpressesafact?______.
dhersonmustbehomebynow.
ssreadingmustgivepoorresults.
?sgettinglate,andImustleavenow.
beworkinglateattheoffice.
lowingarealldynamicverbs(动态动词)EXCEPT______.
.
66.____toschoollifewaslessdifficultthanthepupilhadexpected.
nting
dupwiththesameolddrearyroutine,erlinedp
artmeans_________.
night?erlinedp
artmeans________.
abletostop
n?n?ttolerate
ple______theiroldhouseandsolditforavastprofit.
ontributedalottotheproject,butsheneveronceacceptedallthe____forherself.
ldnodded,apparentlycontentwithhismother?erlinedpartmea
ns_________.
soneisconcerned
soneistold
________thatsportbuildscharacteriswellacceptedbypeoplenowadays.
ce
underlinedpartmeans________.
underlinedpartmeans_________.
cidentcanbeprevented
anaccident
ionally,localmidwiveswould________allthebabiesinthearea.
erlinedpartmeans________
rtwouldnotaccepthisappealunless________evidenceisprovided.
ding
asheopenedthedoor,a________ofcoldairsweptthroughthehouse.
llywantedtosaysomethingatthemeeting,buteventually________fromit.
cted
erline
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dpartmeans_________.
y
PARTVREADINGCOMPREHENSION25MIN
Inthissectiontherearefourpassagesfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eac
hwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,theonethatyouthinkisthe
uranswersonAnswerSheetTwo.
TEXTA
TheartofpublicspeakingbeganinancientGreeceover2,,twitter,instan
tmessaging,e-mail,blogsandchatforumsofferrivalapproachestocommunication-butnon
ecanreplacetheroleofagreatspeech.
Thespokenwordcanhandlevariousvitalfunctions:persuadingorinspiring,informing,payi
ngtribute,entertaining,orsimplyintroducingsomeoneorsomethingoracceptingsomething.
Overthepastyear,thehumanvoicehashelpedguideusovertheupsanddownsofwhatwa
scertainlyastormytime.
eleadersm
etinCopenhageninDecember2009,persuasivewordsfromactivistsencouragedthemtocom
cuson
topicsandmattersthatareclosetopeople'wars,generalsusedinspiringspee
chestopreparethetroopsforbattle.
ormatio
nmustbeclear,accurate,andexpressedinameaningfulandinterestingwa（y.流行病）
announced,theideaof“swineflu”ativespeechesfromWorldHealthOr
ganizationofficialshelpedpeopletokeeptheirpanicundercontrolsotheycouldtakesensibl
eprecautions.
Sadeventsarenevereasytodealwithbutaspeechthatpaystributetothelossofalovedon
a'sspeechaboutMichael
Jackson,afterhisdeath,highlightedthefactthathewillcontinuetoliveonthroughhismusi
c.
It'lsobesur
prisinglyhelpfulinthecourseofourownlives.
Ifyou?retakingpartinadebateyouneedtopersuadethelistenersofthesoundnessofyoura
ts,athletesknowtheimportanceofapeptalk（鼓舞士气的讲
话）rselfmaybeaskedtodoapresentationat
collegeorworktoinformtheothersaboutanareaofvitalimportance.
Onamorepersonallevel,ightbeasked
tointroduceaspeakeratafamilyeventortospeakatawedding,whereyourlanguagewillb
eneededtomovepeopleormakethemlaugh.
Greatspeakingabilityisnotsomethingwe'rackObamaworkshardtop
illiantspeech,
rnthoserulesyouhavetopracticeandlearnfromsomeoutstandingspeechesinthepast.
horthinksthespokenwordisstillirreplaceablebecause______.
lwaysbeenusedtoinspireorpersuadepeople.
bigroletoplayintheentertainmentbusiness.
专业资料整理
WORD格式
simportantrolesinhumancommunication.
greatuseineveryday-lifecontext.
fthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTabouttheroleofpublicspeaking?__
___
esatworldforumscanleadtoeffectivesolutionstoworldproblems.
aleofsold
iersbeforeabattlecanbeboostedbyseniorofficers'speeches.
espayingtributetothedeadcancomfortthemourners.
speakingcanplayallthefollowingrolesEXCEPT______.
incepeopleinadebate.
rmpeopleatapresentation.
sepeopleatwork.
rtainpeopleatawedding.
ingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheauthor'sviewon____
__“greaspteakingability”?
sfromobservingrules.
eperfectedwitheasyeffort.
eacquiredfrombirth.
sfromlearningandpractice.
themainideaofthepassage?______.
speakingininternationalforums.
yusesofpublicspeaking.
speakingindailylifecontext.
esofpublicspeaking.
TEXTB
Everybusinessneedstwothings,saysSkullcandyCEORickAlden:inspirationanddesperat
2001,'dsoldtwosnowboardingbusinesses,andhewasdesperatel
adanidea:Hewantedtomakeanewkindofheadphone“.Ikeptseeingpe
oplemissingtheircellphonecallsbecausetheywerelisteningtomusic,”'
minachairlift,I'vegotmyheadphoneson,1takemyg
lovesoffandreachformyphone,Ithink,“Itcan'tbethattoughtomakeheadphoneswithtw
oplugs,oneformusicandoneforyourcellphone.”Aldendescribedwhathewantedtoades
igner,perfectedaprototype,andoutsource（d外包）manufacturingoverseas.
Aldenthenstarteddesigningheadphonesintohelmets,backpacks-anywherethatwouldmak
eiteasytolistentomusicwhilesnowboarding.“Sellingintoboardandskateshopswasn'ta
bigresearcheffort,h”eexplains.“ThoseweretheonlyguysIknew!”Aldendidn?twanttobe
utsourcing,he'as
kedhiswife“,CanIputa（抵押贷
款）
onthehouse?Shesaid,,Whatistheworstthingthatcanhappen?Welosethehouse,wesellourcars,andwestartall
overagain.?Idefinitelymarriedtherightwoman!”
Forthenexttwoyears,Aldenjuggledmortgagepaymentsandpaymentstohismanufacturers
.“Factoriewson'tshipyourproducttilltheygetpaid,”hesays.“Buitttakesfourorfivemonthstogetamortgag
idthefactory
first.”
Gradually,non-
2006,thecompanystartedsellingthemin1,400FYE(
ForYourEntertainment)stores“.Weknewthatnineoutof
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WORD格式
tenpeoplewa
wouldtheylookatbrandstheyknewandtakehomeanewbrandinstead?Wehadagreedto
buybackanythingwedidn?tsell,?dkillustotake
backalltheproducts
Alden?sfearsfadedasSkullcandybecametheNo.1headphonesellerinthosestoresandtrip
leditsrevenueto$insightwasthatheadphonewseren?tgadgets;theywereafashio
naccessory“.Inthebeginning,h”esays,“thaltittlewhitewirethatsa
wearingthewhitebudmeansyou?rejustlikee
onesoccupythiscriticalpieceofcranialrealestateandarehighlyvisibl
e.”
Today,SkullcandyisAmerica'ssecond-largestheadphonesupplier,79emplo
yees,thecompanyisbiggerthanAldeneverimagined.
ameupwiththeideaofanewkindofheadphonebecausehe______.
ongerinsnowboardingbusiness.
therbusinessopportunities.
yfondofmodernmusic.
nconvenienceamongmobileusers.
headphonewasoriginallydesignedfor______.
yclists.
onrunners.
ensolvethemoneyproblem?______.
hishouseandhiscars.
iescouldshipproductsbeforebeingpaid.
owedmoneyfromamortgagecompany.
owedmoneyfromhiswife'sfamily.
dAldendotopromotesalesinFYEstores?______.
tmoremoneyonproductadvertising.
isedtobuybackproductsnotsold.
edtosellproductsatadiscount.
ovedthecolourdesignoftheproduct.
eesheadphonesas______.
lofstatus.
fdevice.
TEXTC
IwasstandinginmykitchenwonderingwhattohaveforlunchwhenmyfriendTajcalled.“
Sitdown,”htshewasgoingtotellmeshehadjustgottenthehaircutfromh
edandsaid,“Ictan'tbethatbad.”
thephonecall,Ihad30yearsofretirementsavingina“safefu”ndwithabrilliantfinancia
lguru（金融大
亨）.WhenIputdownthephone,sifIhaddiedand,forsome
unknownreason,wasstillbreathing.
SinceBernieMadoff?sarrestonchargesofrunninga$65millionPonzischeme,I've
rc
ouldsayIhadreservationsaboutMadoffbefore“theCall”b,utIdidnot.
OnNewYear'sEve,threeweeksafterwelostoursavings,sixofusMadoffpeoplegathered
专业资料整理
WORD格式
atTaj'resittingaroundthetable,someoneaske“d,Ifyoucouldh
aveyourmoneybackrightnow,butitwouldmeangivingupwhatyouhavelearnedbylosin
git,wouldyoutakethemoneyorwouldyoutakewhatlosingthemoneyhasgivenyou?”
,“Ijustwantthemoneyback.”Iwasn'tcert
hatlosingourmoneyhadcrackedmewideopenI?.dbeenwalking
aroundlikewhattheBuddhistscallahungryghost:alwaysfocusedonthebitethatwasyett
ocome,erhowmuchIateorhadorexperienced,ditidn?t
satisfyme,becauseIwasn?treallytakingitin,wasn'sforcedtopay
,Icouldn'thonestlysaythatifsomeonehadofferedmethemoneyback,Iwou
ldturnitdown.
Buttheotherfourallsaidthatwhattheywereseeingaboutthemselveswasincalculable,and
theydidn?tthinkitwouldhavebecomeapparentwithoutthegroundoffinancialstabilitybei
ng
rippedoutfromunderneaththem.
MyfriendMichaelsaid,I??sasifthemusclesofmyheartstartedtoatroph（萎
缩）.Nowthey?reawake,alive—
andIdon?twanttogoback.”Theseweren?landhiswifeneededtotakeinboarderstome
ettheir
sobrokethatshewasmovingintsoomeone?sgarageapartmentinthreewe
riendshaddeclaredbankruptcyandweren'tsurewhereorhowtheyweregoingt
olive.
dtheauthorlearnfromTaj?scall?
anawfulhaircut.
dlosttheirretirementsavings.
justretiredfromwork.
regoingtomeetforlunch.
theauthorfeelinthefollowingweeks?
ate.
ingtothepassage,towhichwassh“eforcedtopayattention”?
band.
erience.
fthefollowingstatementsisCORRECTaboutherfriends?
endsvaluedtheirexperiencemore.
endsfeltthesameasshedid.
endswereinabetterfinancialsituation.
DHerfriendsweremoreoptimisticthanshe.
themessageofthepassage?
formoneyishumannature.
tobedecisiveduringcrises.
tandinggainedismoreimportantthanmoneylost.
turaltoseevariedresponsestofinancialcrises.
TEXTD
Inthe19thcentury,realltheseto
b,ascaptainofyoursoul,istoerectdamstok
bistojustsaynotolaziness,lust,greed,druguseandth
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eothersins.
allycan?tchangeyourbehaviourbysimply
gwhattodoisnotthesameasbeingabletodoit.
Yo'smorelikea
muscle,er,you'ybodyaroundyouisover
eating,you?llprobablydoso,too.
T,wekn
canchangetheirlives,butorderingchangeisnotsimple
becausemanythings,evenwithinourselves,arebeyondourdirectcontrol.
Muchofourbehaviour,forexample,chersatDuke
Universitycalculatedthatmorethan40percentoftheactionswetakearegovernedbyhabit,
chershavealsocometounderstandthestructureofha—bictsue,
routine,reward.
eaverunningshortsonthefloorat
night,that'?ttrytoignoreyourafternoonsnack
imeyoufeelthecueforasnack,alk.
Theirresearchthusimpliesadifferentcharactermodel,whichissupposedtomanipulatethe
neural（神经系统的）networksinside.
Tobeaneffectiveperson,underthismodel,youaresupposedtocoollyexamineyourownun
conscioushabits,supposedtodevisestrategi
elationshipbecomesslightlymanipulative,including
'retryingtoarousecertainresponsesbyimplantingcert
aincues.
Thisisabitdisturbing,becausetheimportanthabitualneuralnetworksarenotformedbyme
reroutine,eburnedinbyemotionandstreng
thenedbystrongyearnings,hinky
oucanchangeyourlifeinacleverway,thewayanadvertisercangetyoutobuyanairfreshe
ner,you'ictoriansunderstood,ifyouwanttochangeyourlife,don
?tosomelargerglobalbelief.
fthefollowingisakeyelementinthe19th-centurycharactermodel?
ination.
19th-centurymodelsupposedlydoesnotworkbecause______.
eremanyotherfactorsbeyondone'scontrol.
orkedunsatisfactorilymostofthetime.
parisonoffreewilltoadamisgroundless.
ewishestodoshouldbeconsideredcarefully.
themainimplicationoftheresearchatDukeUniversity?
skeytoone'sbehaviour.
'sbehaviourisdifficulttochange.
bitandwillpowerareimportant.
asanunidentifiedstructure.
ingtothenewcharactermodel,personalbehaviourcouldbealteredthrough_____
_.
stopalltheformerunconscioushabits.
manipulatethehabitualneuralresponses.
questodevisedifferentphysicalcues.
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questosupplementoldroutines.
nfromthepassagethatthenewcharactermodel______.
estheneuralandpsychologicalaspectsofhabitchange.
ngaboutchangesinone'slifelikewhatadvertisersdo.
nusedtochangebehavioursuccessfully.
etterwithemotionalaspectsofbehaviour.
PARTVIWRITING
SECTIONACOMPOSITION45MIN
Mostofus,asstudents,arecarefulwithourmoneyindailylife:wecollectallkindsofcoupo
ns;
welookforgroup-buydealsifweeatoutortravel;wedon'
wever,youropinio
n?
towriteinth
reeparts.
Inthefirstpart,statespecificallywhatyouropinionis.
Inthesecondpart,provideoneortworeasonsoryourexperience(s)tosupportyouropinion.
Inthelastpart,bringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionormakeasummary.
Youshouldsupplyanappropriatetitleforyourcomposition.
Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,languageandappropriateness.
SECTIONBNOTE-WRITING[10MIN]
WriteonANSWERSHEETTHREEanoteofabout50-60wordsbasedonthefollowingsitu
ation:
Yourformerhigh-schoolclassmate(MatheworGrace)
t,youhavegotsomethingurgenttodoandthuscannotwaitforhim/noteo
nthedoor,expressingyourapologyandtellinghim/tmakeclea
rwhereyouareinthenote.
Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,languageandappropriateness.
附：【答案详解】
PART1Dictation
Whatisadreamfor?
'texpressthese
rtheoryisthatdreamsallow
ustosolveproblemsthatwecan'sleepwiththeproblemandwake
ybeawaytouseourdreamsratherthanapurposeofdreaming.
Ifyoubelievethatyourdreamsareimportant,thenanalyzingthemmayhelpyoutofocuson
ernimageisthatthedreamsarethe
brains'waveofcleaningupthecomputer'organizetheeventsoftheday
llknowthatverylittleofwhatwedream
isconcernedwithwhathappenedtousthatday.
PART2LITENINGCOMPREHENSION
1-10ABCADACAAD
11-20DCADBBBDAC
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21-30DBADBCBBCA
PART3CLOZE
31-40DACBDCBACB
41-50DCADBBCDBB
PART4GRAMMAR&VOCABULARY
theboardofdirectors,hedidn'tdeny__________breakingtheagreement.
解析：本题考查动名词的逻辑主语。动名词可以有自己的逻辑（意义）主语，一
般可以用名词所有格Tom,s，代词宾格如him（口语），书面语情况下一般用物主代词his，their。本题选
C，但我还是要吐槽，因为根本就不需要多此一举添加
his,hedidn'tdenybreakingthe
agreement完全正确，比原题要精简地道许多，从写作角度来看，his根本是多余的，当
然纯粹考察语法的话选C。
licizedpartfunctionsasa(n)____
___.tive(同位语)ment.
解析：此题恐怕是最受争议的题目了，有人认为选A，有人认为选D。据目前来看，选
D，具体讲解有待更新
fthefollowingisacompoundword(复合词)？
解析：首先要知道什么是复合词。
Acompoundisawordthatconsistsofmore
thanonefreemorpheme。所谓morpheme词素是最小的音义结合体，其最大的特点是不
能再被分割为更小的音义结合体。而free
morpheme是指能独立存在使用的词素，boundmorpheme则是必须依附于其他单位的词
素，比如前缀后缀属于boundmorpheme，如pre-，-ment，在单词shipment里，ship就
是free
morpheme，ment则是bound。因此四个选项里只有deadline是由两个freemorpheme构
成（dead+line），其他三个都有Bound
morpheme比如non,ness,mis等-。
fthefollowingsentencescontainssubjunctivemood?
sistedthathersongethomebefore5o'clock?
dtodrivetowork,butnowshetakesthecitymetro.
raightahead,anddon'tturntillthesecondtrafficlights.
llcancelhisflightifhecannotgethisvi
sabyFriday.解析:subjunctive
mood是指虚拟语气，四个选项里只有A的insist属于虚拟语气用法，其中that从句里
省略了should。
-followingdeterminerscanbeusedwithbothpluralanduncountablenounsEXCEPT
解析：限定词的用法是近几年专四的热门考点，诸如some，many，both，all，each等
用法究竟如何还是希望大家多翻阅语法书和词典。这道题看似有点难度，也许你从来不
知道哪个限定词可以接名词复数和不可数名词，但好在备选项里每个单词你都可以去接
名词试试就知道了，比如more
money,moretrees;enoughmoney,enoughtrees;manymoney?,manytrees;suchbigtrees,suchbehavior.所以选
C。
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ftheitalicizedpartsindicatesCONTRAST?
nedthedoorandquietlywentin.
ialikesmusicandSamisfondofsports.
toveragainandyou'me
whatarrogant,andIdon'tlikethis.
解析：首先要明白and不一定表示并列。A，C里的and表示先后；D里的and表示递
进；只有B里的and表示对比。
fthefollowingCANNOTbeusedasanominalsubstitute(名词替代
词)？r
解析：估计不少学生看到名词替代词这个术语，一开始都吓着了，因为压根没听说过，
不过对做这道题目倒无大碍，所谓名词替代词顾名思义就是指能代替名词或名词短语，
避免重复的词，英语里one,
ones,(the)same等都是常见的。比如Therearegoodfilmsaswellasbadone除s.此以外还有
thekind,thesort，比如Slangdisappearsquickly,especiallythejuvenile
sort.还有一些不定代词等比如
all,both,some,anyenough,several,none,many,much,(a)few,(a)little,theother,others,an
other,either,neither等，比如
Canyougetmesomenails??twantanymorefood.I?vehadenough.本题
选D,quarter不是名词替代词。
followingsentencesdefinitelyindicatefuturetimeEXCEPT
sidentiscomingtotheUNn
extweek,
oolpupilswillbehomebynow.
ingtoemailmethenecessaryinformation.解析：这道题目有点意思，既考查时态，又考查
will的用法，A/B/D都是将来时的各种
表达，唯独C的will，看似是将来时标志，其实不然，因为和by
now矛盾，这里will的用法是指youthinksomethingistrue，表说话人自己的看法，比如
ThatwillbeTimcominghomenow;Askanyoneandtheywilltellyouthesamething.本题
选C。
fthefollowingsentencesisgrammaticallyINCORRECT?csaretheart
orscienceofgovernment.
sakin
furniturehasarriv
edundamaged.解析：本题考查主谓一致（agreemen）
t。ten
miles看作整体单数，mumps腮腺炎这个单词就是以s结尾的，不可数名词；furniture
在英语里是不可数名词；A里的politics并不是指政治，而是指政治学(political
science)，是不可数名词，但这个用法主要是英式英语。此外，politics表示政治可以看
作不可数名词，也可以看作复数，比如Politicshave
alwaysinterestedme.本题选A。
finthefollowingphrasesindicatesasubject-predicaterelationship?iv
ysofOsca
rWilde
解析：传统语法和现代句法学关于什么是predicate本身就不一样，题目的传统语法
predicate指谓语，是对主语动作或状态的陈述或说明，指出“做什么”是“什么”或“怎么样”。
其次，说实话，我手上所有图书查不到相关语法点讲解subject-predicate
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relationship，谷歌后也没有什么结果，但我知道是选A，游客到来，只是我暂时找不出
任何可靠来源来解释。
fthefollowingitalicizedpartsservesasanappositive?tthemantod
rawback.
tbacktheurgetotellalie.
asalargefamilytosupport.
sreallynothingtofear.
解析：又是同位语？！但是翻遍手上的各类参考书，都没有关于不定式to的同位语用法。
四个选项的用法在语法书里并没有做进一步区分，都成为不定式的定语用法，修饰名词。
不过还是可以看出不太一样的地方，A中名词和不定式是动宾结构the
mandrawback，C和D都是不定式和名词构成动宾tofearnothing,tosupportfamily；而
唯独B,urge(冲动)的内容就是指totellalie撒谎，故为同位语。
fthefollowingisNOTanimperativesentence?
riveyouhome,shallI?dhave
oucouldstaybehind.解析：花了点时间翻遍手头各类语法和用法图书，除了直接
用动词打头，Do/Don't，You/
其他唤名+动词,let类型外，均没有见到D的wish类型。
_______tomorrow,thematchwouldbeputoff.
ned解析：最经典
的If条件虚拟句，说的是将来，应该选A.
fthefollowingsentencesexpressesafact?
dhersonmustbehomebynow.
ssreadingmustgivepoorresults.
'sgettinglate,andImustleavenow.
beworkinglateattheoffice.
解析：很多人都以为选B，其实应该选C。A，B和D都是推测，当然了C里说的fact
其实是指天色不早了。请注意B，不要以为有了must就是fact，情态动词再华丽还是表
示情态，说话人的态度观点，B要改为Carelessreadinggivespoorresults才是fact。
lowingarealldynamicverbs(动态动词)EXCEPT
解析：看到专四考这个题目，我只能呵呵。动态动词是指能够延续持续动作的，比如hit，
run等，相反的则是stativeverb静态动词，比如know.现在进行时是常见检验手段。你
不能说Iamknowingtheanswer，只能说Iknowtheanswer，因此know是静态动词。同
理，题目的A选项remain也是静态动词，其他都是动态动词。
66-70CABDA71-75CBDAC76-80CADBA
PART5READINGCOMPREHENSION
81-85CACDB86-90DACBC
91-95BDDAC96-100DAACA
PART6WRITING
SECTIONACOMPOSITION
Theadvantagesofbeingcarefulwithmoneyindailylife
Nowadays,thereisahotdebateonwhetherpeople,includingstudentsshouldbecarefulwith
oplethinkitis
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yeyes,the
advantagesofbeingcarefulwithmoneyindailylifeoutweighthedisadvantages.
First,hriftyis
ofgreathelp,especiallywhentheeconomicstatusaroundtheworldisnotverygoodandit
abitofbeingcarefulwithmoneywill
helpmanypeoplegothroughthisdifficultperiodoranyotherdifficultfinancialsituationintheirlife.
Peopl
students,thisawarenessisalsoofgreathelpsincetheymainlydependontheirparentsfor
eykeepthisawarenessintheirmind,theywilldefinitelyavoid
wastingmoney.
Secondly,beingcarefulwithmoneyis,infact,agoodwayofpracticinghowtomanage
one'entsociety,ories
rast,
carefulwithmoneymeansanefficientuseofmoney,which,inessence,equalstopartofthe
arefulwithmoneycanteachpeopletomakebestuseof
theirmoney.
Itistruethatbeingtoocarefulwithmoneymayhavesomedisadvantages;forexample,it
rallthisbehaviorisgood
-consciousnessisalwaysneededinthemarket-oriented
economy.
SECTIONBApril20
DearMathew,
I'mwritingtoshowmyapologyforbeingunabletowaitforyouinmydorm.I'mreally
cometoRoom1003,No.3Teaching
onthebackofthenotewillhelpyou.I'llwaitforyouthere.
Yours,Tracy
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