2024年4月2日发(作者：函香露)
新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
Lesson 101
write [ ] wrote [ ] written [ ]
Jimmy’s card to me , Penny.
read后面接了两个宾语，一个是Jimmy’s card ,一个是me，所以，这句话还可以这样来说：
Read me Jimmy’s card please.
2.直接引语和间接引语
“I have just arrived in Scotland and I’m staying at a Youth Hostel．”
这是一个直接引语的例子。直接引语是英文中用书面语的形式来表示口语的方式，实际的话要放在引号
之间，句尾的标点符号也要放在引号之内。
下面三句都属于间接引语：
He says he’s just arrived in Scotland.
He says he’s staying at a Youth Hostel.
He says he’ll write a letter soon.
3. the Y．H．A．=the Youth Hostels Association
青年招待所协会。简称“青招协”。the Youth Hostel是一种为参加野外探险度假活动的青年人提供廉价
住宿的招待所。这种青年招待所实行会员制，首先要加入“青招协”才有资格享受这种待遇。
在组织机构的前面，我们通常要加上定冠词the，例如：
the United Nations 联合国
the International Olympic Committee 国际奥委会
4 .speak up，大声地说。还可以这样说： Louder , please.
和listen to
hear 听见，听到 强调的是结果
I’m afraid I can’t hear you.
listen to 听 强调的是动作
Listen to me, please.
6.下列从句中，都省略了that。
He says he’s just arrived in Scotland.
He says he’s staying at a Youth Hostel.
He says he’ll write a letter soon.
You know he’s a member of the Y.H.A..
I’m afraid I can’t hear you.
I hope you are all well.
He hopes we are all well.
7 .Love，Jimmy． 爱你的吉米。
Yours，Jimmy 你的，吉米。
这是朋友间通信时常用的结束语。
8. He doesn’t say very much,does he? 这是一个反意疑问句
它的回答如下：
No, he doesn’t. 是的，他没有写多少。
Yes, he does. 不，他写了很多。
She went to Paris last month,didn’t she?
Yes, she did. 是的，他去巴黎了。
No , she didn’t. 不，他没有去。
这是英文中的反意疑问句，它是由两部分组成的，前面是一个陈述句，逗号之后是一个简略问句。反意
疑问句可以用来确认自己的判断，获取真实的信息，还可以用来表示惊讶、愤怒等感情。如果前一部分陈
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
述句是肯定形式，简略问句就要用否定形式；如果前一部分是否定形式，后一部分则用肯定形式。
can’t write very much on a card.
I write to my family regularly. write to 给某人写信
The teacher wrote the answers on the blackboard.
10.本课基本句型：（都省略了that）
I’m afraid…
He says…
He hopes…
I’m afraid I can’t hear you.
He says he’ll write a letter soon.
He hopes we are all well.
11.反意疑问句
肯定式， + 否定式？ 否定式， + 肯定式？
You aren’t a teacher ,are you?
Yes, I am .
No, I’m not.
You don’t study Chinese, do you?
Yes, we do.
No, we don’t.
Your brother can’t swim, can he?
Yes, he can.
No, he can’t.
He hasn’t been to the Great Wall, has he?
Yes, he has.
No, he has’t.
beThe pen is yours, isn’t it?
Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
动词
That was a wonderful night, wasn’t it?
Yes, it was. No, it wasn’t.
一般
Lucy likes English ,doesn’t she?
Yes, it does. No, it doesn’t.
动词
Tom is skating, isn’t he?
Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.
情态
Your brother can swim, can’t he?
Yes, he can. No, he can’t.
动词
The workers had to take the first bus,didn’t they?
Yes, they did. No, they didn’t.
现在
完成
时
Tom has lived here for many years, hasn’t he?
Yes, he has. No, he has’t.
12.直接引语和间接引语
当我们引用别人的话时，我们可以用别人的原话，也可以用自己的话把别人的意思转述出来。当直接引
用的句子为不同类型时，间接引用的句式变化很大。
当我们引用别人说话时，若引用的是原话，被引用的部分叫做直接引语。
当我们要引用别人的话语时，可以用自己的话把别人的意思转述出来，被引用的部分叫做间接引语。
直接引语
She said,“I like English very much.”
Mike asked,“When will our plane land?”
（1）只须将原话放在引号之中，不做任何改动。
（2）没有时态呼应的问题。
（3）引用原话前可以用，“”，也可以用：“”。
（4）原话的末尾，按其类别放一个句号或问号等。
He said,“I’m sleepy.”
She said,“Your younger brother broke it.”
He said,“I have lived in Beijing since 1950.”
间接引语
She said she liked English very much.
Mike asked When their plane would land.
（1）不要逗号、冒号、引号。
（2）要考虑到人称的变化。
（3）要考虑到时态的变化。
（4）
要考虑到时间状语、地点状语和指示代词的变化。
He said that he was sleepy.
She said that my younger brother had broken it.”
He said that he had lived in Beijing since 1950.
13.宾语从句
宾语从句在复合句中做主句的宾语。连接宾语从句的有从属连词、连接代词和连接副词三类词。这三
类词在句中的功能各异，请看下表。注意：宾语从句中的语序。
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
词类 在句中的功能
从属
连词
that在句中不担任成分，可省略。
举例
that
whether
if
who
whom
whose
what
which
中文释义
一般不译
例句
I believe that this house is for sale.
I believe they will arrive shortly.
We don’t know if / whether our teaches will
attend the class meeting.
I know who did the good deed. [ ]
You must take back what you said.
He asked me which shirt I liked best.
I want to know when the plane will take off.
He asked me where he would arrive.
Please tell me how I can get there.
Our teacher asked me why I was late.
whether ，if在句中也不担任成
分，但都不能省略。
是否
是否
谁（主格）
谁（宾格）
谁的（所有格）
什么，所…..的
哪个……
什么时候
什么地方
怎样，如何……
为什么，……的原
因，之所以……
连接
代词
除了在句中起连接作用外，还在
从句中担任成分，做主语、宾语、
定语。
连接
副词
除了在句中起连接作用外，还在
从句中担任成分，做状语。
when
where
how
why
Lesson 102
——What does he say?
——He says he feels tired.
y
——What do they say?
——They say they are thirsty.
3.a headache
——What’s the matter with her?
——She says she’s got a headache.
earache
——What’s the matter with her?
——She says she has an earache.
5. a licence
——What does she need?
——She says she needs a licence.
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
money
——What do they want?
——They say they want some money.
——What must he do ?
——He says he must catch the bus.
——What can he do?
——He says he can repair this bus.
——What will he do?
——He says he will sell the house.
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
Lesson 103
was the exam,Richard?
这句话还可以这样说：How did the exam go?
too bad. 不算太坏
Pretty good 还不错 pretty
3.I think I passed in English and Mathematics．我想我的英语和数学及格了。如果说通过某一个考试，直接用
动词pass；如果说通过某一科目，则用pass in。
fail 不及格
pass / fail the English paper / test / exam
4. paper这个词当“试卷”讲时，是可数名词。the English and Maths papers，英文和数学卷子。
paper当“纸张”讲时，是不可数名词。 a piece of paper.
paper 还可以当“论文”讲。 Have you finished your paper?
5 .How about ．．．?……怎么样? 相当于我们前面学过的What about．．．?
用于征求他人意见或询问情况。
What about you?
How about going to France for our next holiday?
6 .easy enough for me，是指对我来说不难，我可以完成和通过。
而too difficult for me是指对我来说太难了，无法完成和通过。
“for”对于某人来说。
The house isn’t big enough for us.
形容词+enough to do sth. 十分（足够）……
She’s old enough to make her own decisions.
He is rich enough to buy a plane.
enough如果修饰形容词或副词，它必须放在形容词或副词的后面，例如上面两例。enough还可以做形容
词来修饰名词，则放在名词的前面、后面都可以。
I have money enough to buy a dictionary.
I haven’t got enough money to pay for that car.
7．But I couldn’t answer the rest.
the rest of the queations.
were too difficult for me. too 过于……
too…+for sb / sth +to do … 对于某人（某物）来说，太…以至不能…
This pair of shoes are too small for me.
The question is too difficult us to answer.
too + 形容词/副词 + to do… 太…，（以至于）不能（做）…
He is too young to go to school.
tests are awful,aren’t they?
awful可以形容人或物，表示“很可怕”、“很糟糕”、“很讨厌”。
hate 在口语中常用来表示非常强烈的语气。
I hate them.
I hate traffic jams. 我很讨厌堵车
I hate telling lies. 我讨厌撒谎
10.I’m sure I’ve got a low mark.
a high mark
I’m sure I’ve done badly / well.
up，振作起来。可以用来鼓励你的同学、朋友或同事等。
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
s we didn’t do too badly. too badly 那么糟糕。
guy next to me wrote his name at the top of the paper. guy口语中常用，相当于person。
The person beside me
at the top of 在顶端、在上方 at the bottom of 在末端、在底端
14.文中的yes? 相当于And then? 意思是：然后呢？然后怎么了？
he sat there and looked at it for three hours. for three hours 连续三个小时。
16.本课基本句型
I could answer the questions.
They were very easy.
I couldn’t answer the questions.
They were too difficult.
The question were easy enough for me to answer.
The question were too difficult for me to answer.
17.名词
（1）名词的种类
分类
专有
名词
指人、地方、团体、机构
等特有的名称。它的第一
个字母必须大写。专有名
词前一般不加冠词。
表示人名
表示地名
由普通名词构成
的专有名词
普通
名词
指一类人或东西或一个
抽象的名称。
可数
名词
个体名词
集合名词
例词
Li Bai 李白 Lu Xun 鲁迅
Mr. Dick 迪克先生 Chairman Hu 胡主席
China 中国 Chang an street 长安街
London 伦敦 Zhong shan Park 中山公园
the United States of America 美国
the Summer Palace 颐和园
表示某类人或事物中
的个体
表示若干个体组成的
集合体
表示动作、状态、品
质、感情等抽象的概
念
表示无法分为个体的
物质或实物
student teacher
car panda
family police army
team crowd group
people
music cold love
rest power（威力）
water tea air
fire rain wood
不可
数名
词
抽象名词
物质名词
（2）单数可数名词
①如果我们要表示一本书，一只鸟，一棵树等概念时，要用名词的单数形式。表示名词的单数，要在名词
前加不定冠词a或an。
例如：a bird an egg
This is a desk.
There is an orange on the table.
②a和an的使用区别
a
an
以辅音开头的名词前
以元音开头的名词前
a book a pen a new orange
an apple an old desk an orange
（3）复数可数名词
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
①规则变化
规则变化 例句
在清辅音后读[s]
在浊辅音和元音后读[z]
其它
2
以s、x、ch、sh结尾的词，加
-es，读作[iz]
3
以f或fe结尾的词，先将f或
fe变成v，再加-es，读作[vz]
book—books[ ] cup—cups[ ]
bed—beds[ ]
Boys[ ] horses[ ] pages[ ]
1
在一般情况下，词尾后加-s
bus—buses box—boxes dish—dishes watch—watches
[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]
half—halves[ ] wife—wives[ ]
4
以o结尾的词，词尾加es或s，
hero—heroes[ ] potato—potatoes[ ]
tomato—tomatoes[ ]
都读[z]
zoo—zoos[ ] piano—pianos[ ] photo—photos[ ]
5
以辅音字母加y结尾的词，先
将y改为i再加es，读[iz]
6
以元音字母加y结尾的词，直
接加s，读[z]
7
以th结尾的词，在词尾加s
②不规则变化
1
2
3
4
1
2
不规则变化
元音发生变化
词尾发生变化
单、复数形式不变
有些名词只有复数形式
变化
把第一个或最后一个词变
成复数
把构成合成名词的两个词
都要变为复数
例词
man—men[ ] woman—women[ ] foot—feet[ ]
tooth—teeth[ ] mouse—mice[ ] goose—geese[ ]
child—children[ ]
fish sheep deer Chinese Japanese
clothes衣服 trousers裤子 glasses 眼睛等 Your trousers are over there
例词
highway—highways girl friend—girl friends
son-in-law—sons-in-law女婿
man doctor—men doctors
woman teacher—women teachers
city—cities[ ] family—families[ ]
day—days[ ] boy—boys[ ]
th读[ ]，加上s读[ ]
th读[ ]，加上s读[ ]
mouth—mouths[ ] path—paths[ ]
month—month[ ]
③合成名词变为复数时
（4）名词的用法
名词在句中可以担任除谓语外的任何成分，即主语、表语、宾语、状语、宾补、定语等
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
例句
China is a great country.
I’m a student.
All of us love peace.
They are listening to music.
You should study English step by step.
The party lasted two hours.
Our school named our class Lei Feng class.
This is our teachers’ office.
Ten minutes’ walk isn’t long.
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说明
名词作主语
名词作表语
名词作动词宾语
名词作介词宾语
名词作状语
名词作状语
名词作宾补
名词所有格作定语
名词所有格作定语
新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
Lesson 104
answer all the questions
Could he answer all the questions?
Yes, he could.
He was clever enough to answer them.
[ ] answer all the questions
Could he answer all the questions?
No, he couldn’t.
He was too stupid to answer them.
buy the car
Why could he buy the car?
Because it was very cheap.
ive [ ] buy the car
Why couldn’t he buy the car?
Because it was too expensive.
[ ] hear the stereo
Why could they hear the stereo?
Because it was very loud.
hear the stereo
Why couldn’t they hear the stereo?
Because it was too low.
eat the orange
Could she eat the orange?
Yes,she could.
It was sweet enough for her to eat.
[ ] eat the orange
Could she eat the orange?
No, she couldn’t.
It was too sour for her to eat.
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
Lesson 105
spell [ ] spelt [ ] spelt [ ]
1.I want her.
I want to see / speak to her.
you want to speak to her?
在这句话中，to speak是动词want的宾语，而这个结构——动词原形前加to——在英文中被称为动词不
定式。本课用动词不定式作宾语的例句还有：
1 want her to come to my office；
Tell her to come at once；
Did you want to see me；
1 want you to type it again等。
的三种用法：
want sb. / sth. I want her.
want to do sth. Do you want to speak to her?
want sb. to do sth. I want her to come to my office.
her to come at once.
Tell sb. to do sth. 它的否定式是：Tell sb. (not) to do sth.
you tell me?
完整意思是：Can you tell me how to spell ‘intelligent’?
6. full of …,充满了……。
This letter’s full of mistakes.
The room is full of smoke.
Her eyes were full of tears.
7.I’m sorry about that. be sorry about sth.
sorry后面还可以跟从句。例如：I’m sorry I made so many mistakes.
8 .And here's a little present for you。
这里and表示承上启下，使上下文紧密联系，当“于是”，“因此”讲。
,much,a few, few, a little,little辨析：
many（多数）
much（多量）
只能和复数可数名词连用
只能和不可数名词连用
At the party I didn’t know many people.
How much money do you have?
But we have a few small differences,too.（有区别）
We have few differences. （没区别）
They were all very big and strong , and we felt a little afraid of them.
Although they were all very big and strong ,we felt little afraid of them.
a few（肯定） 用于可数名词
few （否定）
a little（肯定） 用于不可数名词
little （否定）
既可以修饰可数名词，也 a lot of much 可数名词之前
可以修饰不可数名词。主 lots of = 用于否定句或疑问句中
要用于肯定句中。 plenty of many 不可数名词之前
例如：We haven’t got much tea or coffte.
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
We haven’t got many tomatoes.
We have got a lot of potatoes.
10.I hope it’ll help you.
如果指出有所帮助的具体方面，我们可以用“with”这个词。
I hope it’ll help you with your spelling.
I often help my mum with the cleaning.
11.动词不定式
基本句型1：I want to go.
基本句型2：He wants to go.
基本句型3：I wanted to go.
基本句型4：They were asked to go.（他们被要求去）
基本1是动词不定式的典型用法，它有两个表示动作的词语：一个是want，另外一个是to go。
want是这个句子的主要动词，它会随着主语的人称、数和时态而变化。
to go不管主语的数、人称和时态如何变化，它永远保持“to+动词原形”的形式，to go就是不定式。
在基本2、3、4中，主语、时态、语态有变化，但不定式to go不受影响，毫无变化。
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，有时可以不带to。
动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能做谓语；但可以担任除谓语外的任何成分——主语、
表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。
动词不定式可以在句中担任名词、形容词、副词的作用。
动词不定式仍保留动词的特点，即它可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式和它的宾语或状语构成不
定式短语。
例如：I want to read the book. （我想读这本书。）
主语 谓语 不定式 read的宾语
He wants to speak at the meeting. （他想在会议上发言。）
主语 谓语 不定式 speak的状语
不定式前的to与做介词to的区别：
不定式前面的to（也称作小品词）和做介词的to是有差别的。介词to之后要跟名词、代词的宾格，
或相当于名词的词及短语做它的宾语。而不定式to之后要跟动词原形。
want to read. （不定式的小品词） to read the book. （不定式的小品词）
listen to me. （介词to）
12.本课基本句型——动词不定式
I want you / him / her / them to …
Tell him / her / them to…
I want her to come to my office.
Tell her to come to my office.
I don/t want you / him / her / them to …
Tell him / her / them not to…
I don’t want her to type this letter again.
Tell her not to type this letter again.
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
Lesson 106 I want you / him / her / them to …
Tell him / her / them to…
it
What do you want me to do?
I want you to carry it.
t it
What do you want me to do?
I want you to correct it.
to it
Why is the boy putting a record on?
Because he wants them to listen to it.
it
The policeman is talking to the man and the woman.
He’s telling them to move it.
it
The woman is taking a cake to the man.
She is telling him to try it.
it
What does the man tell the woman?
He tells her to keep it.
yourself
What did she tell him?
She told him not to hurt himself.
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
What did she tell him?
She told him not to fall.
it
What did she tell him?
She told him not to break it.
yourself
What did she tell him?
She told him not to cut yourself.
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
Lesson 107 It’s too small
you like this dress ,madam?
madam，是对妇女的一种尊称，服务行业的人员常用此称呼；同时,对于不知姓名的女士也可以用此来表
示尊重。这个单词也可拼作ma’am [ ].
fashion 流行的
Short skirts are in fashion now.
They were in fashion last year.
These shoes are in fashion now.
you like to try it? try 在本句中的意思是“试穿”，我们还可以用“try on”来表示“ 试穿”。
try it on 代词放在on的前面
try on the dress 名词放在on的后面
you like…?你愿意……吗?用来表示委婉的请求或提议。
Would you like to go swimming?
Would you like a glass of water? （后面还可以跟一个名词性的词组）
5.I’m afraid this green dress is too small for me as well.
as well = too
too small for me 对我来说太小了
6 .It's smaller than the blue one．它比那套蓝色的小一些。
I think the blue dress is prettier.
在英文中,我们把一个人或物与另一个人或物进行比较时，就要用形容词的比较级。
（1）规则变化
构成法
一般单音节词组和部分
双音节词组，在词尾加
-er[ ]（比较级）和
-est[ ]（最高级）
以不发音的e结尾的单
音节和少数以le结尾的
双音节只在词尾加-r（比
较级）和-st（最高级）
“辅音字母+y”结尾的双
音节词，将词尾的y改为
i，再加-er和-est.
原级
fast 快 adj.＆adv.
great 巨大的 adj.
near 附近的 adj.＆adv.
tall 高的 adj.
able 有能力的 adj.
large 大的 adj.
late 晚的 adj.＆adv.
nice 好的 adj.
busy 忙的 adj.
early 早 adj.＆adv.
easy 容易的 adj.
faster
greater
nearer
taller
abler
larger
later
nicer
busier
earlier
easier
比较级 最高级
(the) fastest
the greatest
(the) nearest
the tallest
the ablest
largest
(the) latest
the nicest
the busiest
(the) earliest
the easiest
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
重读闭音节词,只以一个
辅音字母结尾时,要双写
该辅音字母,再加-er和
-est.
部分双音节和多音节词,
在前面加more和the
most构成比较级和最高
级.
（2）不规则变化
原级
good 好的 adj.
well 好的 adj.＆adv.
bad 坏的 adj.
ill 病的 adj.
badly 坏 adv.
many 多 adj.＆adv.
much 多 adj.＆adv.
far 远 adj.＆adv.
little 少 adj.＆adv.
old 老的 adj.
late 迟的，晚的 adj.
big 大的 adj.
hot 热的 adj.
thin 细、瘦 adj.
beautiful 漂亮的 adj.
important 重要的 adj.
quickly 快 adv.
slowly 慢 adv.
比较级
better [ ]
worse [ ]
bigger
hotter
thinner
more beautiful
more important
more quickly
more slowly
the biggest
the hottest
the thinnest
the most beautiful
the most important
(the) most quickly
(the) most slowly
最高级
(the) best [ ]
(the) worst [ ]
more [ ]
farther [ ]
further [ ]
less [ ]
older [ ]
elder [ ]
later [ ]
latter [ ]
(the) most [ ]
(the) farthest [ ]
(the) furthest [ ]
(the)least [ ]
the oldest [ ]
the eldest [ ]
the latest [ ]
the last [ ]
7.I don’t like the colour either. either用在否定句中，表示“也”。
I don’t like the colour as well.
either与too的用法比较：
too一般用于肯定句，通常放在句末，前面有逗号，否定句中用either.
You are a student.I am a student,too.
You aren’t a teacher.I am not a teacher,either.
——His elder sister studies English.
——I study it,too.
He doesn’t like swimming.I don’t like it,either.
doesn’t suit me at all.
suit“适合”,at all 用在否定句中，表示强调。
The color doesn’t go along with / fit you. go along with / fit意思和suit相同
The job suits him.
9. Could you show me another blue dress?
Could you．．．? 用在表示请求，比Can you．．．?更婉转客气。
例：Could you tell me the way to the post office? 请你告诉我去邮局怎么走好吗?
Could you pass me that book?
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
10.I want a dress like that one. 和那件一样的衣服
it must be my size.
the large size 大号
the small size 小号
12 .This is the largest dress in the shop．这是店里最大的一件衣服。
句中使用了形容词的最高级，它是在形容词原级后面加上-est，在最高级形容词之前要加定冠词 the。最
高级用在将一个人或物与其他一个以上的人或物作比较时。
13.本课基本句型
The blue dress is small.
The green dress is smaller than the blue one.
The green dress is the smallest dress in the shop.
of them all. 都限制了一定的范围
I’ve ever seen.
Lesson 108 How do they compare?
taller tallest
Sophie is tall.
Paul is taller than Sophie.
Hans is the tallest students in our class.
hotter hottest
It is hot today.
It was hotter yesterday.
The day before yesterday was the hottest day in the year.
nicer nicest
It is nice today.
It will be nicer tomorrow.
The day after tomorrow will be the nicest day in the week.
larger largest
There was a large crowd at the race last year.
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
This year the crowd is larger.
It is the largest crowd I have ever seen.
heavier heaviest
The blue suitcase is heavy.
The pink suitcase is heavier than the blue one.
The green suitcase is the heaviest of them all.
easier easiest
The English test is easy.
The Maths test is easier.
The Fresh test is the easiest of them all.
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
Lesson 109 A good idea
1. That’s a good idea. 还可以简单说成Good idea.
I make some coffee? 句中的shall是征求意见的意思。
What shall we do this evening?
Shall we go to the cinema?
和any的用法：
some,any可与单、复数可数名词和不可数名词连用。
some一般用于肯定句中，而不能用于疑问句中；any一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。
I have some science books.
There is some ink in the bottle.
——I haven’t any money.
——Do you have any?
Is there any coffee in the tin?
Do you want any milk?
在提出建议，征求意见的疑问句中，我们仍然用some.
Shall I make some coffee?
Would you like some coffee?
后面还有：Woule you like some more?
teaspoonfuls?
One and a half teaspoonfuls. = one teaspoonful and a half.
类似的用法如：a handful of sand / people.
than that．意思是“比那稍微少一些”，其中的that指上文中的two teaspoonfuls。
6 .I’d like a cigarette,too.
I'd=1would；I'd like．．．，我想要……。
7. ——Do you like any milk?
——Juse a little,please.
I think there are a few in that box.
many（多数）
much（多量）
只能和复数可数名词连用
只能和不可数名词连用
At the party I didn’t know many people.
How much money do you have?
But we have a few small differences,too.（有区别）
We have few differences. （没区别）
They were all very big and strong , and we felt a little afraid of them.
Although they were all very big and strong ,we felt little afraid of them.
a few（肯定） 用于可数名词
few （否定）
a little（肯定） 用于不可数名词
little （否定）
既可以修饰可数名词，也 a lot of much 可数名词之前
可以修饰不可数名词。主 lots of = 用于否定句或疑问句中
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
要用于肯定句中。 plenty of many 不可数名词之前
例如：We haven’t got much tea or coffte.
We haven’t got many tomatoes.
We have got a lot of potatoes.
8. What a pity!真遗憾。英语中常用“What a +可数名词”和“What +不可数名词”的结构来表示感叹。
What a shame!
What an exciting race!
doesn’t matter. 还可以说成：
Never mind.
It’s all right.
a biscuit instead. instesd adv. 代替
Peter was ill,so I went instead.
Let’s play cards instead of watching TV. （后加名词或相当于名词的词）
’s very good advice! advice 不可数名词 “建议”“忠告”
a piece of advice
What good advice!
12.形容词比较级和最高级的不规则形式
Have you got any ink?
I’ve got very little.
Tom’s got less than I have.
Stella’s got the least.
（1）规则变化
构成法
一般单音节词组和部分
双音节词组，在词尾加
-er[ ]（比较级）和
-est[ ]（最高级）
以不发音的e结尾的单
音节和少数以le结尾的
双音节只在词尾加-r（比
较级）和-st（最高级）
“辅音字母+y”结尾的双
音节词，将词尾的y改为
i，再加-er和-est.
重读闭音节词,只以一个
辅音字母结尾时,要双写
该辅音字母,再加-er和
-est.
部分双音节和多音节词,
原级
fast 快 adj.＆adv.
great 巨大的 adj.
near 附近的 adj.＆adv.
tall 高的 adj.
able 有能力的 adj.
large 大的 adj.
late 晚的 adj.＆adv.
nice 好的 adj.
busy 忙的 adj.
early 早 adj.＆adv.
easy 容易的 adj.
big 大的 adj.
hot 热的 adj.
thin 细、瘦 adj.
beautiful 漂亮的 adj.
faster
greater
nearer
taller
abler
larger
later
nicer
busier
earlier
easier
bigger
hotter
thinner
more beautiful
比较级 最高级
(the) fastest
the greatest
(the) nearest
the tallest
the ablest
the largest
(the) latest
the nicest
the busiest
(the) earliest
the easiest
the biggest
the hottest
the thinnest
the most beautiful
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
在前面加more和the important 重要的 adj.
most构成比较级和最高
quickly 快 adv.
级.
slowly 慢 adv.
（2）不规则变化
原级
good 好的 adj.
well 好的 adj.＆adv.
bad 坏的 adj.
ill 病的 adj.
badly 坏 adv.
many 多 adj.＆adv.
much 多 adj.＆adv.
far 远 adj.＆adv.
little 少 adj.＆adv.
old 老的 adj.
late 迟的，晚的 adj.
比较级
better [ ]
worse [ ]
more important
more quickly
more slowly
the most important
(the) most quickly
(the) most slowly
最高级
(the) best [ ]
(the) worst [ ]
more [ ]
farther [ ]
further [ ]
less [ ]
older [ ]
elder [ ]
later [ ]
latter [ ]
(the) most [ ]
(the) farthest [ ]
(the) furthest [ ]
(the)least [ ]
the oldest [ ]
the eldest [ ]
the latest [ ]
the last [ ]
Lesson 110 How do they compare
more most
Have you got any chocolate?
I haven’t got much.
I’ve got more than you have.
I’ve got the most.
less least
Have you got any chocolate?
I’ve got very little.
I’ve got less than you have.
I’ve got the least.
more most
Have you made any mistakes?
I haven’t made many.
I’ve made more than you have.
I’ve made the most.
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
fewer fewest
Have you made any mistakes?
I’ve made very few.
I’ve made fewer than you have.
I’ve made the fewest.
better best
You must see my new car.
It’s very good.
This one’s better.
This one’s the best I’ve ever seen
worse worst
You mustn’t go to that restaurant.
It’s very bad.
This one’s worse.
This one’s the worst I’ve ever seen.
英语音节有三大类型:开音节,闭音节,r音节：以元音结尾的音节称为开音节,以辅音结尾的音节称为闭音节
音节：音节是读音的基本单位，任何单词的读音，都是分解为一个个音节朗读。
在英语中元音特别响亮，一个元音可构成一个音节，一个元音和一个或几个辅音音素结合也可以构成
一个音节。
一般说来，元音可以构成音节，辅音不响亮，不能构成音节。但英语辅音字母中有 4 个辅音[m]，[n]，
[ng]，[l]是响音，它们和辅音音素结合，也可构成音节。它们构成的音节往往出现在词尾，一般是非重读
音节。
英语的词有一个音节的，两个音节的，多个音节的，一个音节叫单音节，两个音节叫双音节，三个音
节以上叫多音节。
划分音节的方法：①在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时，一个辅字组属于前面的音节，一个属于后
面的音节。
例如：let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter
②在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时，如果前面音节里的元音是长音则辅字组属于后面一个音
节，如果前面一个音节里的元音是短音，则辅字组属于前面一个音节。
例如：长音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther
短音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
第 21 页 共 21 页
2024年4月2日发(作者：函香露)
新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
Lesson 101
write [ ] wrote [ ] written [ ]
Jimmy’s card to me , Penny.
read后面接了两个宾语，一个是Jimmy’s card ,一个是me，所以，这句话还可以这样来说：
Read me Jimmy’s card please.
2.直接引语和间接引语
“I have just arrived in Scotland and I’m staying at a Youth Hostel．”
这是一个直接引语的例子。直接引语是英文中用书面语的形式来表示口语的方式，实际的话要放在引号
之间，句尾的标点符号也要放在引号之内。
下面三句都属于间接引语：
He says he’s just arrived in Scotland.
He says he’s staying at a Youth Hostel.
He says he’ll write a letter soon.
3. the Y．H．A．=the Youth Hostels Association
青年招待所协会。简称“青招协”。the Youth Hostel是一种为参加野外探险度假活动的青年人提供廉价
住宿的招待所。这种青年招待所实行会员制，首先要加入“青招协”才有资格享受这种待遇。
在组织机构的前面，我们通常要加上定冠词the，例如：
the United Nations 联合国
the International Olympic Committee 国际奥委会
4 .speak up，大声地说。还可以这样说： Louder , please.
和listen to
hear 听见，听到 强调的是结果
I’m afraid I can’t hear you.
listen to 听 强调的是动作
Listen to me, please.
6.下列从句中，都省略了that。
He says he’s just arrived in Scotland.
He says he’s staying at a Youth Hostel.
He says he’ll write a letter soon.
You know he’s a member of the Y.H.A..
I’m afraid I can’t hear you.
I hope you are all well.
He hopes we are all well.
7 .Love，Jimmy． 爱你的吉米。
Yours，Jimmy 你的，吉米。
这是朋友间通信时常用的结束语。
8. He doesn’t say very much,does he? 这是一个反意疑问句
它的回答如下：
No, he doesn’t. 是的，他没有写多少。
Yes, he does. 不，他写了很多。
She went to Paris last month,didn’t she?
Yes, she did. 是的，他去巴黎了。
No , she didn’t. 不，他没有去。
这是英文中的反意疑问句，它是由两部分组成的，前面是一个陈述句，逗号之后是一个简略问句。反意
疑问句可以用来确认自己的判断，获取真实的信息，还可以用来表示惊讶、愤怒等感情。如果前一部分陈
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
述句是肯定形式，简略问句就要用否定形式；如果前一部分是否定形式，后一部分则用肯定形式。
can’t write very much on a card.
I write to my family regularly. write to 给某人写信
The teacher wrote the answers on the blackboard.
10.本课基本句型：（都省略了that）
I’m afraid…
He says…
He hopes…
I’m afraid I can’t hear you.
He says he’ll write a letter soon.
He hopes we are all well.
11.反意疑问句
肯定式， + 否定式？ 否定式， + 肯定式？
You aren’t a teacher ,are you?
Yes, I am .
No, I’m not.
You don’t study Chinese, do you?
Yes, we do.
No, we don’t.
Your brother can’t swim, can he?
Yes, he can.
No, he can’t.
He hasn’t been to the Great Wall, has he?
Yes, he has.
No, he has’t.
beThe pen is yours, isn’t it?
Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
动词
That was a wonderful night, wasn’t it?
Yes, it was. No, it wasn’t.
一般
Lucy likes English ,doesn’t she?
Yes, it does. No, it doesn’t.
动词
Tom is skating, isn’t he?
Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.
情态
Your brother can swim, can’t he?
Yes, he can. No, he can’t.
动词
The workers had to take the first bus,didn’t they?
Yes, they did. No, they didn’t.
现在
完成
时
Tom has lived here for many years, hasn’t he?
Yes, he has. No, he has’t.
12.直接引语和间接引语
当我们引用别人的话时，我们可以用别人的原话，也可以用自己的话把别人的意思转述出来。当直接引
用的句子为不同类型时，间接引用的句式变化很大。
当我们引用别人说话时，若引用的是原话，被引用的部分叫做直接引语。
当我们要引用别人的话语时，可以用自己的话把别人的意思转述出来，被引用的部分叫做间接引语。
直接引语
She said,“I like English very much.”
Mike asked,“When will our plane land?”
（1）只须将原话放在引号之中，不做任何改动。
（2）没有时态呼应的问题。
（3）引用原话前可以用，“”，也可以用：“”。
（4）原话的末尾，按其类别放一个句号或问号等。
He said,“I’m sleepy.”
She said,“Your younger brother broke it.”
He said,“I have lived in Beijing since 1950.”
间接引语
She said she liked English very much.
Mike asked When their plane would land.
（1）不要逗号、冒号、引号。
（2）要考虑到人称的变化。
（3）要考虑到时态的变化。
（4）
要考虑到时间状语、地点状语和指示代词的变化。
He said that he was sleepy.
She said that my younger brother had broken it.”
He said that he had lived in Beijing since 1950.
13.宾语从句
宾语从句在复合句中做主句的宾语。连接宾语从句的有从属连词、连接代词和连接副词三类词。这三
类词在句中的功能各异，请看下表。注意：宾语从句中的语序。
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
词类 在句中的功能
从属
连词
that在句中不担任成分，可省略。
举例
that
whether
if
who
whom
whose
what
which
中文释义
一般不译
例句
I believe that this house is for sale.
I believe they will arrive shortly.
We don’t know if / whether our teaches will
attend the class meeting.
I know who did the good deed. [ ]
You must take back what you said.
He asked me which shirt I liked best.
I want to know when the plane will take off.
He asked me where he would arrive.
Please tell me how I can get there.
Our teacher asked me why I was late.
whether ，if在句中也不担任成
分，但都不能省略。
是否
是否
谁（主格）
谁（宾格）
谁的（所有格）
什么，所…..的
哪个……
什么时候
什么地方
怎样，如何……
为什么，……的原
因，之所以……
连接
代词
除了在句中起连接作用外，还在
从句中担任成分，做主语、宾语、
定语。
连接
副词
除了在句中起连接作用外，还在
从句中担任成分，做状语。
when
where
how
why
Lesson 102
——What does he say?
——He says he feels tired.
y
——What do they say?
——They say they are thirsty.
3.a headache
——What’s the matter with her?
——She says she’s got a headache.
earache
——What’s the matter with her?
——She says she has an earache.
5. a licence
——What does she need?
——She says she needs a licence.
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
money
——What do they want?
——They say they want some money.
——What must he do ?
——He says he must catch the bus.
——What can he do?
——He says he can repair this bus.
——What will he do?
——He says he will sell the house.
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
Lesson 103
was the exam,Richard?
这句话还可以这样说：How did the exam go?
too bad. 不算太坏
Pretty good 还不错 pretty
3.I think I passed in English and Mathematics．我想我的英语和数学及格了。如果说通过某一个考试，直接用
动词pass；如果说通过某一科目，则用pass in。
fail 不及格
pass / fail the English paper / test / exam
4. paper这个词当“试卷”讲时，是可数名词。the English and Maths papers，英文和数学卷子。
paper当“纸张”讲时，是不可数名词。 a piece of paper.
paper 还可以当“论文”讲。 Have you finished your paper?
5 .How about ．．．?……怎么样? 相当于我们前面学过的What about．．．?
用于征求他人意见或询问情况。
What about you?
How about going to France for our next holiday?
6 .easy enough for me，是指对我来说不难，我可以完成和通过。
而too difficult for me是指对我来说太难了，无法完成和通过。
“for”对于某人来说。
The house isn’t big enough for us.
形容词+enough to do sth. 十分（足够）……
She’s old enough to make her own decisions.
He is rich enough to buy a plane.
enough如果修饰形容词或副词，它必须放在形容词或副词的后面，例如上面两例。enough还可以做形容
词来修饰名词，则放在名词的前面、后面都可以。
I have money enough to buy a dictionary.
I haven’t got enough money to pay for that car.
7．But I couldn’t answer the rest.
the rest of the queations.
were too difficult for me. too 过于……
too…+for sb / sth +to do … 对于某人（某物）来说，太…以至不能…
This pair of shoes are too small for me.
The question is too difficult us to answer.
too + 形容词/副词 + to do… 太…，（以至于）不能（做）…
He is too young to go to school.
tests are awful,aren’t they?
awful可以形容人或物，表示“很可怕”、“很糟糕”、“很讨厌”。
hate 在口语中常用来表示非常强烈的语气。
I hate them.
I hate traffic jams. 我很讨厌堵车
I hate telling lies. 我讨厌撒谎
10.I’m sure I’ve got a low mark.
a high mark
I’m sure I’ve done badly / well.
up，振作起来。可以用来鼓励你的同学、朋友或同事等。
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
s we didn’t do too badly. too badly 那么糟糕。
guy next to me wrote his name at the top of the paper. guy口语中常用，相当于person。
The person beside me
at the top of 在顶端、在上方 at the bottom of 在末端、在底端
14.文中的yes? 相当于And then? 意思是：然后呢？然后怎么了？
he sat there and looked at it for three hours. for three hours 连续三个小时。
16.本课基本句型
I could answer the questions.
They were very easy.
I couldn’t answer the questions.
They were too difficult.
The question were easy enough for me to answer.
The question were too difficult for me to answer.
17.名词
（1）名词的种类
分类
专有
名词
指人、地方、团体、机构
等特有的名称。它的第一
个字母必须大写。专有名
词前一般不加冠词。
表示人名
表示地名
由普通名词构成
的专有名词
普通
名词
指一类人或东西或一个
抽象的名称。
可数
名词
个体名词
集合名词
例词
Li Bai 李白 Lu Xun 鲁迅
Mr. Dick 迪克先生 Chairman Hu 胡主席
China 中国 Chang an street 长安街
London 伦敦 Zhong shan Park 中山公园
the United States of America 美国
the Summer Palace 颐和园
表示某类人或事物中
的个体
表示若干个体组成的
集合体
表示动作、状态、品
质、感情等抽象的概
念
表示无法分为个体的
物质或实物
student teacher
car panda
family police army
team crowd group
people
music cold love
rest power（威力）
water tea air
fire rain wood
不可
数名
词
抽象名词
物质名词
（2）单数可数名词
①如果我们要表示一本书，一只鸟，一棵树等概念时，要用名词的单数形式。表示名词的单数，要在名词
前加不定冠词a或an。
例如：a bird an egg
This is a desk.
There is an orange on the table.
②a和an的使用区别
a
an
以辅音开头的名词前
以元音开头的名词前
a book a pen a new orange
an apple an old desk an orange
（3）复数可数名词
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
①规则变化
规则变化 例句
在清辅音后读[s]
在浊辅音和元音后读[z]
其它
2
以s、x、ch、sh结尾的词，加
-es，读作[iz]
3
以f或fe结尾的词，先将f或
fe变成v，再加-es，读作[vz]
book—books[ ] cup—cups[ ]
bed—beds[ ]
Boys[ ] horses[ ] pages[ ]
1
在一般情况下，词尾后加-s
bus—buses box—boxes dish—dishes watch—watches
[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]
half—halves[ ] wife—wives[ ]
4
以o结尾的词，词尾加es或s，
hero—heroes[ ] potato—potatoes[ ]
tomato—tomatoes[ ]
都读[z]
zoo—zoos[ ] piano—pianos[ ] photo—photos[ ]
5
以辅音字母加y结尾的词，先
将y改为i再加es，读[iz]
6
以元音字母加y结尾的词，直
接加s，读[z]
7
以th结尾的词，在词尾加s
②不规则变化
1
2
3
4
1
2
不规则变化
元音发生变化
词尾发生变化
单、复数形式不变
有些名词只有复数形式
变化
把第一个或最后一个词变
成复数
把构成合成名词的两个词
都要变为复数
例词
man—men[ ] woman—women[ ] foot—feet[ ]
tooth—teeth[ ] mouse—mice[ ] goose—geese[ ]
child—children[ ]
fish sheep deer Chinese Japanese
clothes衣服 trousers裤子 glasses 眼睛等 Your trousers are over there
例词
highway—highways girl friend—girl friends
son-in-law—sons-in-law女婿
man doctor—men doctors
woman teacher—women teachers
city—cities[ ] family—families[ ]
day—days[ ] boy—boys[ ]
th读[ ]，加上s读[ ]
th读[ ]，加上s读[ ]
mouth—mouths[ ] path—paths[ ]
month—month[ ]
③合成名词变为复数时
（4）名词的用法
名词在句中可以担任除谓语外的任何成分，即主语、表语、宾语、状语、宾补、定语等
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
例句
China is a great country.
I’m a student.
All of us love peace.
They are listening to music.
You should study English step by step.
The party lasted two hours.
Our school named our class Lei Feng class.
This is our teachers’ office.
Ten minutes’ walk isn’t long.
第 7 页 共 21 页
说明
名词作主语
名词作表语
名词作动词宾语
名词作介词宾语
名词作状语
名词作状语
名词作宾补
名词所有格作定语
名词所有格作定语
新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
Lesson 104
answer all the questions
Could he answer all the questions?
Yes, he could.
He was clever enough to answer them.
[ ] answer all the questions
Could he answer all the questions?
No, he couldn’t.
He was too stupid to answer them.
buy the car
Why could he buy the car?
Because it was very cheap.
ive [ ] buy the car
Why couldn’t he buy the car?
Because it was too expensive.
[ ] hear the stereo
Why could they hear the stereo?
Because it was very loud.
hear the stereo
Why couldn’t they hear the stereo?
Because it was too low.
eat the orange
Could she eat the orange?
Yes,she could.
It was sweet enough for her to eat.
[ ] eat the orange
Could she eat the orange?
No, she couldn’t.
It was too sour for her to eat.
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
Lesson 105
spell [ ] spelt [ ] spelt [ ]
1.I want her.
I want to see / speak to her.
you want to speak to her?
在这句话中，to speak是动词want的宾语，而这个结构——动词原形前加to——在英文中被称为动词不
定式。本课用动词不定式作宾语的例句还有：
1 want her to come to my office；
Tell her to come at once；
Did you want to see me；
1 want you to type it again等。
的三种用法：
want sb. / sth. I want her.
want to do sth. Do you want to speak to her?
want sb. to do sth. I want her to come to my office.
her to come at once.
Tell sb. to do sth. 它的否定式是：Tell sb. (not) to do sth.
you tell me?
完整意思是：Can you tell me how to spell ‘intelligent’?
6. full of …,充满了……。
This letter’s full of mistakes.
The room is full of smoke.
Her eyes were full of tears.
7.I’m sorry about that. be sorry about sth.
sorry后面还可以跟从句。例如：I’m sorry I made so many mistakes.
8 .And here's a little present for you。
这里and表示承上启下，使上下文紧密联系，当“于是”，“因此”讲。
,much,a few, few, a little,little辨析：
many（多数）
much（多量）
只能和复数可数名词连用
只能和不可数名词连用
At the party I didn’t know many people.
How much money do you have?
But we have a few small differences,too.（有区别）
We have few differences. （没区别）
They were all very big and strong , and we felt a little afraid of them.
Although they were all very big and strong ,we felt little afraid of them.
a few（肯定） 用于可数名词
few （否定）
a little（肯定） 用于不可数名词
little （否定）
既可以修饰可数名词，也 a lot of much 可数名词之前
可以修饰不可数名词。主 lots of = 用于否定句或疑问句中
要用于肯定句中。 plenty of many 不可数名词之前
例如：We haven’t got much tea or coffte.
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
We haven’t got many tomatoes.
We have got a lot of potatoes.
10.I hope it’ll help you.
如果指出有所帮助的具体方面，我们可以用“with”这个词。
I hope it’ll help you with your spelling.
I often help my mum with the cleaning.
11.动词不定式
基本句型1：I want to go.
基本句型2：He wants to go.
基本句型3：I wanted to go.
基本句型4：They were asked to go.（他们被要求去）
基本1是动词不定式的典型用法，它有两个表示动作的词语：一个是want，另外一个是to go。
want是这个句子的主要动词，它会随着主语的人称、数和时态而变化。
to go不管主语的数、人称和时态如何变化，它永远保持“to+动词原形”的形式，to go就是不定式。
在基本2、3、4中，主语、时态、语态有变化，但不定式to go不受影响，毫无变化。
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，有时可以不带to。
动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能做谓语；但可以担任除谓语外的任何成分——主语、
表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。
动词不定式可以在句中担任名词、形容词、副词的作用。
动词不定式仍保留动词的特点，即它可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式和它的宾语或状语构成不
定式短语。
例如：I want to read the book. （我想读这本书。）
主语 谓语 不定式 read的宾语
He wants to speak at the meeting. （他想在会议上发言。）
主语 谓语 不定式 speak的状语
不定式前的to与做介词to的区别：
不定式前面的to（也称作小品词）和做介词的to是有差别的。介词to之后要跟名词、代词的宾格，
或相当于名词的词及短语做它的宾语。而不定式to之后要跟动词原形。
want to read. （不定式的小品词） to read the book. （不定式的小品词）
listen to me. （介词to）
12.本课基本句型——动词不定式
I want you / him / her / them to …
Tell him / her / them to…
I want her to come to my office.
Tell her to come to my office.
I don/t want you / him / her / them to …
Tell him / her / them not to…
I don’t want her to type this letter again.
Tell her not to type this letter again.
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
Lesson 106 I want you / him / her / them to …
Tell him / her / them to…
it
What do you want me to do?
I want you to carry it.
t it
What do you want me to do?
I want you to correct it.
to it
Why is the boy putting a record on?
Because he wants them to listen to it.
it
The policeman is talking to the man and the woman.
He’s telling them to move it.
it
The woman is taking a cake to the man.
She is telling him to try it.
it
What does the man tell the woman?
He tells her to keep it.
yourself
What did she tell him?
She told him not to hurt himself.
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
What did she tell him?
She told him not to fall.
it
What did she tell him?
She told him not to break it.
yourself
What did she tell him?
She told him not to cut yourself.
第 12 页 共 21 页
新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
Lesson 107 It’s too small
you like this dress ,madam?
madam，是对妇女的一种尊称，服务行业的人员常用此称呼；同时,对于不知姓名的女士也可以用此来表
示尊重。这个单词也可拼作ma’am [ ].
fashion 流行的
Short skirts are in fashion now.
They were in fashion last year.
These shoes are in fashion now.
you like to try it? try 在本句中的意思是“试穿”，我们还可以用“try on”来表示“ 试穿”。
try it on 代词放在on的前面
try on the dress 名词放在on的后面
you like…?你愿意……吗?用来表示委婉的请求或提议。
Would you like to go swimming?
Would you like a glass of water? （后面还可以跟一个名词性的词组）
5.I’m afraid this green dress is too small for me as well.
as well = too
too small for me 对我来说太小了
6 .It's smaller than the blue one．它比那套蓝色的小一些。
I think the blue dress is prettier.
在英文中,我们把一个人或物与另一个人或物进行比较时，就要用形容词的比较级。
（1）规则变化
构成法
一般单音节词组和部分
双音节词组，在词尾加
-er[ ]（比较级）和
-est[ ]（最高级）
以不发音的e结尾的单
音节和少数以le结尾的
双音节只在词尾加-r（比
较级）和-st（最高级）
“辅音字母+y”结尾的双
音节词，将词尾的y改为
i，再加-er和-est.
原级
fast 快 adj.＆adv.
great 巨大的 adj.
near 附近的 adj.＆adv.
tall 高的 adj.
able 有能力的 adj.
large 大的 adj.
late 晚的 adj.＆adv.
nice 好的 adj.
busy 忙的 adj.
early 早 adj.＆adv.
easy 容易的 adj.
faster
greater
nearer
taller
abler
larger
later
nicer
busier
earlier
easier
比较级 最高级
(the) fastest
the greatest
(the) nearest
the tallest
the ablest
largest
(the) latest
the nicest
the busiest
(the) earliest
the easiest
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
重读闭音节词,只以一个
辅音字母结尾时,要双写
该辅音字母,再加-er和
-est.
部分双音节和多音节词,
在前面加more和the
most构成比较级和最高
级.
（2）不规则变化
原级
good 好的 adj.
well 好的 adj.＆adv.
bad 坏的 adj.
ill 病的 adj.
badly 坏 adv.
many 多 adj.＆adv.
much 多 adj.＆adv.
far 远 adj.＆adv.
little 少 adj.＆adv.
old 老的 adj.
late 迟的，晚的 adj.
big 大的 adj.
hot 热的 adj.
thin 细、瘦 adj.
beautiful 漂亮的 adj.
important 重要的 adj.
quickly 快 adv.
slowly 慢 adv.
比较级
better [ ]
worse [ ]
bigger
hotter
thinner
more beautiful
more important
more quickly
more slowly
the biggest
the hottest
the thinnest
the most beautiful
the most important
(the) most quickly
(the) most slowly
最高级
(the) best [ ]
(the) worst [ ]
more [ ]
farther [ ]
further [ ]
less [ ]
older [ ]
elder [ ]
later [ ]
latter [ ]
(the) most [ ]
(the) farthest [ ]
(the) furthest [ ]
(the)least [ ]
the oldest [ ]
the eldest [ ]
the latest [ ]
the last [ ]
7.I don’t like the colour either. either用在否定句中，表示“也”。
I don’t like the colour as well.
either与too的用法比较：
too一般用于肯定句，通常放在句末，前面有逗号，否定句中用either.
You are a student.I am a student,too.
You aren’t a teacher.I am not a teacher,either.
——His elder sister studies English.
——I study it,too.
He doesn’t like swimming.I don’t like it,either.
doesn’t suit me at all.
suit“适合”,at all 用在否定句中，表示强调。
The color doesn’t go along with / fit you. go along with / fit意思和suit相同
The job suits him.
9. Could you show me another blue dress?
Could you．．．? 用在表示请求，比Can you．．．?更婉转客气。
例：Could you tell me the way to the post office? 请你告诉我去邮局怎么走好吗?
Could you pass me that book?
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
10.I want a dress like that one. 和那件一样的衣服
it must be my size.
the large size 大号
the small size 小号
12 .This is the largest dress in the shop．这是店里最大的一件衣服。
句中使用了形容词的最高级，它是在形容词原级后面加上-est，在最高级形容词之前要加定冠词 the。最
高级用在将一个人或物与其他一个以上的人或物作比较时。
13.本课基本句型
The blue dress is small.
The green dress is smaller than the blue one.
The green dress is the smallest dress in the shop.
of them all. 都限制了一定的范围
I’ve ever seen.
Lesson 108 How do they compare?
taller tallest
Sophie is tall.
Paul is taller than Sophie.
Hans is the tallest students in our class.
hotter hottest
It is hot today.
It was hotter yesterday.
The day before yesterday was the hottest day in the year.
nicer nicest
It is nice today.
It will be nicer tomorrow.
The day after tomorrow will be the nicest day in the week.
larger largest
There was a large crowd at the race last year.
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
This year the crowd is larger.
It is the largest crowd I have ever seen.
heavier heaviest
The blue suitcase is heavy.
The pink suitcase is heavier than the blue one.
The green suitcase is the heaviest of them all.
easier easiest
The English test is easy.
The Maths test is easier.
The Fresh test is the easiest of them all.
第 16 页 共 21 页
新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
Lesson 109 A good idea
1. That’s a good idea. 还可以简单说成Good idea.
I make some coffee? 句中的shall是征求意见的意思。
What shall we do this evening?
Shall we go to the cinema?
和any的用法：
some,any可与单、复数可数名词和不可数名词连用。
some一般用于肯定句中，而不能用于疑问句中；any一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。
I have some science books.
There is some ink in the bottle.
——I haven’t any money.
——Do you have any?
Is there any coffee in the tin?
Do you want any milk?
在提出建议，征求意见的疑问句中，我们仍然用some.
Shall I make some coffee?
Would you like some coffee?
后面还有：Woule you like some more?
teaspoonfuls?
One and a half teaspoonfuls. = one teaspoonful and a half.
类似的用法如：a handful of sand / people.
than that．意思是“比那稍微少一些”，其中的that指上文中的two teaspoonfuls。
6 .I’d like a cigarette,too.
I'd=1would；I'd like．．．，我想要……。
7. ——Do you like any milk?
——Juse a little,please.
I think there are a few in that box.
many（多数）
much（多量）
只能和复数可数名词连用
只能和不可数名词连用
At the party I didn’t know many people.
How much money do you have?
But we have a few small differences,too.（有区别）
We have few differences. （没区别）
They were all very big and strong , and we felt a little afraid of them.
Although they were all very big and strong ,we felt little afraid of them.
a few（肯定） 用于可数名词
few （否定）
a little（肯定） 用于不可数名词
little （否定）
既可以修饰可数名词，也 a lot of much 可数名词之前
可以修饰不可数名词。主 lots of = 用于否定句或疑问句中
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
要用于肯定句中。 plenty of many 不可数名词之前
例如：We haven’t got much tea or coffte.
We haven’t got many tomatoes.
We have got a lot of potatoes.
8. What a pity!真遗憾。英语中常用“What a +可数名词”和“What +不可数名词”的结构来表示感叹。
What a shame!
What an exciting race!
doesn’t matter. 还可以说成：
Never mind.
It’s all right.
a biscuit instead. instesd adv. 代替
Peter was ill,so I went instead.
Let’s play cards instead of watching TV. （后加名词或相当于名词的词）
’s very good advice! advice 不可数名词 “建议”“忠告”
a piece of advice
What good advice!
12.形容词比较级和最高级的不规则形式
Have you got any ink?
I’ve got very little.
Tom’s got less than I have.
Stella’s got the least.
（1）规则变化
构成法
一般单音节词组和部分
双音节词组，在词尾加
-er[ ]（比较级）和
-est[ ]（最高级）
以不发音的e结尾的单
音节和少数以le结尾的
双音节只在词尾加-r（比
较级）和-st（最高级）
“辅音字母+y”结尾的双
音节词，将词尾的y改为
i，再加-er和-est.
重读闭音节词,只以一个
辅音字母结尾时,要双写
该辅音字母,再加-er和
-est.
部分双音节和多音节词,
原级
fast 快 adj.＆adv.
great 巨大的 adj.
near 附近的 adj.＆adv.
tall 高的 adj.
able 有能力的 adj.
large 大的 adj.
late 晚的 adj.＆adv.
nice 好的 adj.
busy 忙的 adj.
early 早 adj.＆adv.
easy 容易的 adj.
big 大的 adj.
hot 热的 adj.
thin 细、瘦 adj.
beautiful 漂亮的 adj.
faster
greater
nearer
taller
abler
larger
later
nicer
busier
earlier
easier
bigger
hotter
thinner
more beautiful
比较级 最高级
(the) fastest
the greatest
(the) nearest
the tallest
the ablest
the largest
(the) latest
the nicest
the busiest
(the) earliest
the easiest
the biggest
the hottest
the thinnest
the most beautiful
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
在前面加more和the important 重要的 adj.
most构成比较级和最高
quickly 快 adv.
级.
slowly 慢 adv.
（2）不规则变化
原级
good 好的 adj.
well 好的 adj.＆adv.
bad 坏的 adj.
ill 病的 adj.
badly 坏 adv.
many 多 adj.＆adv.
much 多 adj.＆adv.
far 远 adj.＆adv.
little 少 adj.＆adv.
old 老的 adj.
late 迟的，晚的 adj.
比较级
better [ ]
worse [ ]
more important
more quickly
more slowly
the most important
(the) most quickly
(the) most slowly
最高级
(the) best [ ]
(the) worst [ ]
more [ ]
farther [ ]
further [ ]
less [ ]
older [ ]
elder [ ]
later [ ]
latter [ ]
(the) most [ ]
(the) farthest [ ]
(the) furthest [ ]
(the)least [ ]
the oldest [ ]
the eldest [ ]
the latest [ ]
the last [ ]
Lesson 110 How do they compare
more most
Have you got any chocolate?
I haven’t got much.
I’ve got more than you have.
I’ve got the most.
less least
Have you got any chocolate?
I’ve got very little.
I’ve got less than you have.
I’ve got the least.
more most
Have you made any mistakes?
I haven’t made many.
I’ve made more than you have.
I’ve made the most.
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新概念英语语法 日积月累 厚积薄发
fewer fewest
Have you made any mistakes?
I’ve made very few.
I’ve made fewer than you have.
I’ve made the fewest.
better best
You must see my new car.
It’s very good.
This one’s better.
This one’s the best I’ve ever seen
worse worst
You mustn’t go to that restaurant.
It’s very bad.
This one’s worse.
This one’s the worst I’ve ever seen.
英语音节有三大类型:开音节,闭音节,r音节：以元音结尾的音节称为开音节,以辅音结尾的音节称为闭音节
音节：音节是读音的基本单位，任何单词的读音，都是分解为一个个音节朗读。
在英语中元音特别响亮，一个元音可构成一个音节，一个元音和一个或几个辅音音素结合也可以构成
一个音节。
一般说来，元音可以构成音节，辅音不响亮，不能构成音节。但英语辅音字母中有 4 个辅音[m]，[n]，
[ng]，[l]是响音，它们和辅音音素结合，也可构成音节。它们构成的音节往往出现在词尾，一般是非重读
音节。
英语的词有一个音节的，两个音节的，多个音节的，一个音节叫单音节，两个音节叫双音节，三个音
节以上叫多音节。
划分音节的方法：①在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时，一个辅字组属于前面的音节，一个属于后
面的音节。
例如：let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter
②在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时，如果前面音节里的元音是长音则辅字组属于后面一个音
节，如果前面一个音节里的元音是短音，则辅字组属于前面一个音节。
例如：长音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther
短音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er
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