2024年4月9日发(作者：回懿轩)
2021-2022
学年北京市海淀区高三（上）期中英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共
14
小题，共
28.0
分）
A
From snapping photos in video mode to broadcasting your location in the event of an
emergency,there are endless functions your smartphone can perform.
Backup Your Zapper
If you spend as many hours looking down the hack of the sofa as I do,you'll be relieved lo
learn that most smart TV systems ran use your phone as a back-up remote
ad the Android TV Remote Control or Apple TV Remote apps for the
devices if you have a streaming stick.
Subtitle Your Life
Live Transcribe is a simple and effective Android app,preinstalled on Google's Pixel 3
phones,which transcribes speech in almost real you're hard of hearing,it can help
you follow a conversation without need for a hearing aid,or enjoy unsubtitled live
broadcasts,such as radio tically,it could also produce a reliable written
record of a r,due to privacy concerns,it has not yet been permitted to save
or share transcripts.
Singalong Your Contacts
Connectivity is not always you frequently find yourself rushing from the
garden or bathroom to pick up your mobile,only to discover it's just another cyborg
bothering you about selling insurance - may I suggest you set specific rings for your
closest both iOS and Android,you can add personalized rings to your close
friends or most beloved ones,right from the contacts directory on your phone.
Measure Your Shopping
When you're out shopping for furniture,it's a good idea to bring a tape measure with you -
but,seriously,whoever remembers to do that
？
!Apple's Measure app has saved you a lot of
's super simple to use - just point the camera at the object you want to measure and
it superimposes
（叠映）
a yellow dot that you tap at each end of the item concerned,and it
provides you with an instant calculation in centimeters.
第1页，共23页
1.
Which one call help people with hearing problems lo enjoy radio dramas
？
______
A.
Android TV Remote Control.
C.
Personalized rings.
B.
Live Transcribe.
D.
Apple's Measure.
2.
After reading this passage,mobile phone users may realize they can ______ .
A.
choose to ignore unwanted calls
B.
save n written record of a meeting
C.
locate their remote control easily
D.
get the size of an object by taking a photo
3.
Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
？
______
A.
What Apps We Have to Buy!
B.
It's Time to Get a New Mobile!
C.
Don't Overuse Your Mobile Phone!
D.
Who Knew My Phone Could Do That!
B
A 96-year-old woman,believed to be the oldest working nurse in the country,has retired
from gton,hospital.
Last week,Florence Rigney,better known to her friends as "SeeSee"
，
retired as a nurse
MultiCare Tacoma General Hospital after over 70 hout her career - which
began as student nurse,Rigney worked consistently,only taking a "break" from nursing to
raise her two children.
Working as a nurse has kept Rigney very 's traveled across the country as an
operatic nurse and even logged up to three miles on her treadmill from walking during her
shifts. "I don't like to around - I've always got to have something to 's my nature,"
Rigney said in a statement,adding that she always wanted to become a nurse. "I love to
interact with patients and give them the help that I can."
Rigney planned on retiring once at age 65
，
but after six months,she decided that she
needed the job to stay active and keep her mind as she officially retired,the
hospital noted that Rigney planned on spending most of her time enjoying family and
friends. "Even working into her nineties she has never been one to slow of her
colleagues joked that they had to sprint to keep up with her," said Laureen
Driscoll,president of the hospitals. "SeeSee's continued to be a dedicated nurse and an
incredible resource to her colleagues and 's humbling to stop and think about
第2页，共23页
the thousands and thousands of lives she's cured ne at MultiCare thanks Rigney
for her unmatched dedication and service,and we're proud to honor her by supporting
tomorrow's future nurses," she continued.
As she said goodbye to her beloved job,Rigney offered some advice for other nurses.
"Don't ever think that you know it all." she noted in the release. "I kind of did that when I
was in the operating room and you have to always be never slop learning."
In her honor,the hospital announced the creation of its SeeSee Rigney Nursing Endowed
Scholarship Fund,which will provide scholarships for MultiCare employees for continued
learning and development in nursing.
4.
Rigney continued working at age 65 because she ______ .
A.
needed to support her family
B.
wanted to stay energetic and sharp
C.
hoped to show her personal value
D.
intended to promote nurse training
5.
What was Rigney's suggestion for younger nurses
？
______
A.
Remain confident.
C.
Keep active and patient.
B.
Care for each other.
D.
Stay hungry for knowledge.
6.
According to the passage,Rigney is respected mainly due to her ______ .
A.
old age and good health
B.
quick mind and great creativity
C.
positive attitude and hard work
D.
high position and good resource
C
Do you listen to quiet music to help you wind down before sleep
？
However,this practice
could be counter-productive,according to a new study by Michael n and
colleagues at Baylor work,published in Psychological Medicine,found
that bedtime music was associated with more sleep disruptions and that instrumental
music is even worse than music with lyrics.
In the first study,199 online participants living in the US reported on their sleep quality
and music listening frequency nod liming,as well as their beliefs about how this affected
their all - 87% - believed that music improves sleep,or at least does not
disrupt r,the team found that more overall time spent listening to music was
第3页，共23页
associated with poorer sleep and daytime over three quarters of the
participants also reported experiencing frequent "earworms" - having a song or tune
"stuck" and replaying in their minds.A quarter reported experiencing these during the
night at least once per week,and these people were six limes as likely to report poor sleep
team's analysis suggested that listening specifically to instrumental music
near bedtime was linked to more sleep-related earworms and poorer sleep quality.
The team then ran an experimental study on 48 young arriving at the sleep lab
at 8
：
，
participants went to a quid bedroom,where they completed questionnaires
that included measures of stress,sleep quality and daytime also had
electrodes applied,ready for the night-time polysomnography to record their brain wave
activity,as well as heart rate and breathing,and reported on how
relaxed,nervous,energetic,sleepy and stressed they 10
：
，
they were given
some "downtime"
，
with quiet music were randomised to hear three songs
while the other half heard instrumental-only versions of these same songs.
Participants reported decreases in stress mid nervousness and increased relaxation after
listening to either set of songs,and also showed decreases in blood -as earlier
studies have also suggested-quiet music at bedtime was indeed relaxing at the
r,a quarter of the participants woke from sleep with an earworm,and the
polysomnography data showed that instrumental versions of the songs were more likely to
induce these awakenings as well as other sleep disruptions,such as shifts from deeper
sleep to lighter together,the findings represent "causal evidence for bedtime
instrumental music affecting sleep quality via triggering earworms." the team writes.
Why instrumental-only songs should have a bigger impact than music with lyrics isn't
three songs used in this study were chosen because they were likely to be
g them without the lyrics might have prompted the participant's brains to
try to add the words,which might have made earworms more this is the case,all
instrumental music may not have the same r,the data from the first study is
consistent with the idea that instrumental music generally is more of a problem.
7.
According to the passage,the participants in both studies ______ .
A.
were required to listen to light music
B.
felt their sleeping problems resolved
第4页，共23页
C.
had their sleeping quality monitored
D.
provided feedback oil bedtime music
8.
What does the underlined word "induce" in Paragraph 4 probably mean
？
______
A.
Lead to.
B.
Impact on.
C.
Break in.
D.
Focus on.
9.
What can we learn from the passage
？
______
A.
Earworms are mainly caused by music with lyrics.
B.
Bedtime music leads to high blood pressure and anxiety.
C.
Quiet music improves sleeping quality while loud music harms sleep.
D.
Both familiar and unfamiliar instrumental music can cause sleeping problems.
10.
The passage is mainly about ______ .
A.
how instrumental music disturbs sleep
B.
the possible negative effect of bedtime music
C.
how people can improve their sleep quality
D.
differences between music with and without lyrics
D
I was at the Gathering for Science in Boston,on 22 April 2017
，
as were 70
，
000 other
were there to stand up for facts and truth.
Where are the crowds of scientists now
？
Since then,harms from science denial have only
increased
：
global suffering has grown owing to inaction on climate change,and some
epidemics have risen along with vaccine skepticism.
I've been out there talking to the science deniers,and I've asked my scientist friends to
come with me. "Those people just aren't worth talking to." they'll say. "I wouldn't make a
difference anyway." What's people can and do change their minds,although
it requires someone to put in the time to overcome distrust.
To he sure,many experts have launched themselves against misinformation,enduring
abuse on social media and even threats to their when scientists turn flown my
invitations,it's not because of often,their excuses are grounded in the "backfire
effect"
，
a questionable 2010 finding that people sometimes embrace misconceptions more
strongly when fared with corrective information,implying that pushing back against
falsehoods is the researchers whose results were exaggerated to
popularize this idea do not embrace it anymore,and argue that the true challenge is
learning how best to target corrective information.
第5页，共23页
In fact,evidence is growing that rebuttals can he e deniers all draw on the
same flawed reasoning techniques
：
cherry-picking evidence,relying on fake experts,and
engaging in illogical reasoning.A landmark 2019 study showed that critiquing the flawed
techniques can contain the spread of misinformation.
So how does "technique rebuttal" work in practice
？
Arnaud Gagneur and his colleagues at the University of Sherbrooke conducted more than
1
，
000 20-minute interviews in which they listened to new parents' concerns about
vaccinations and answered their parents' children were 9% more likely to
receive all the vaccines on the schedule than were those of uninterviewed parents whose
babies were delivered in the same maternity mother told him
：
"It's the first time
that I've had a discussion like this,and I feel respected,and I trust you." It is self-evident in
science communication that you cannot convince a science denier with facts alone
；
most
science deniers don't have a lack of information,but a lack of trust.
So what should scientists do
？
Even non-experts ran use technique rebuttal.A geologist
can engage a neighbor who is vaccine hesitant.A protein biologist ran coach an aunt or
uncle who wants "more evidence" that climate change is d of shilling to more
comfortable conversations,engage in respectful you spend more time asking
questions than offering explanations,people will be more likely to pay attention to the
explanations that you do offer.
11.
What can we learn from the passage
？
______
A.
The Gathering for Science addressed online abuse.
B.
The silence of scientists worsens harm from science denial.
C.
Ineffective vaccines speed up the spread of some epidemics.
D.
The author's friends find it valuable to talk with science deniers.
12.
According to the passage,the "backfire effect" ______ .
A.
suggests caution before correcting others
B.
emphasizes the effectiveness of rebuttals
C.
results from flawed reasoning techniques
D.
enjoys wide support in the academic field
13.
The last two paragraphs suggest that ______ .
A.
the interviewed parents agreed to vaccination due to the sufficiency of the information
B.
geologists and protein biologists need to make sure the conversations are comfortable
第6页，共23页
C.
scientists fire encouraged to listen carefully find ask questions during interaction
D.
scientists should teach non-experts how to conduct respectful exchanges
14.
In writing this passage,the author aims to ______ .
A.
express concerns for misinformation
B.
analyze the mot cause of science denial
C.
advocate employing technique rebuttal
D.
present the problems scientists encounter
二、阅读七选五（本大题共
5
小题，共
10.0
分）
What's in a name
？
Some words sound like what they they could influence
everything from fictional depictions of aliens to your first impression on a job
most words have no apparent connection to what they the
linguist Steven Pinker puts it,we call a dog "dog" because everyone else that's
how it lifts to be. (1)
That rule applies to most words,but not words pop and murmur sound like they
to shout the word ,right
？
(2) It seems natural to associate the
names of large animals,for example,with low-pitched sounds
：
say,elephant,compared
with and others argue that iconicity is rare in language,but plenty of
psychologists and linguists disagree.
Beyond the debates,there are far-reaching implications for human interaction. (3) People
associate the "round" sounds in people's names with one set of characteristics,and names
featuring "sharp" sounds with a very different set. "Anne tends to he
conscientious,hardworking and sensitive," Penny Pexman,a psychologist at University of
Canada says. "Kale is expected to be extroverted,less conscientious,less hardworking and
less agreeable."
Luckily,surveys suggest that the link exists only in the mind of the person making it. (4)
"You could construct a little hit of an unlikely situation where people start to look like
their names over time and maybe people's personalities start to match their names through
some sort of congruency
（一致性）
.But we didn't find that." Pexman 's also no
evidence that people are basing their judgments on people they met previously.
(5) "We have videos of people being interviewed for jobs and we will manipulate the
names of those candidates before others evaluate them," she says.
第7页，共23页
"What's in a name
？
" William Shakespeare asked us in Romeo and Juliet. "That which we
call a rose by any other name would smell as sweet." Well,perhaps not.
is generally believed that names define who we are.
lend to expect one to have specific trails based on how one's name sounds.
h language has developed a rule of names reflecting people's good qualities.
would overwhelm our senses if every word we spoke came with a deeper meaning.
terms show sound iconicity,or a similarity between a word's form and meaning.
is no evidence that the Kates of the world are more extroverted than the Antics.
will also examine how people's names could affect their chances of being
chosen after an interview.
15.
A.
A
E
B.
B
C.
C
D.
D
E.
F.
F
G.
G
16.
A.
A
E
B.
B
C.
C
D.
D
E.
F.
F
G.
G
17.
A.
A
E
B.
B
C.
C
D.
D
E.
F.
F
G.
G
18.
A.
A
E
B.
B
C.
C
D.
D
E.
F.
F
G.
G
19.
A.
A
E
B.
B
C.
C
D.
D
E.
F.
F
G.
G
三、完形填空（本大题共
10
小题，共
15.0
分）
Rob made ends meet for his family as a handyman,doing odd jobs around the
those odd jobs quickly dried up due to a financial he lost his
(20)his family into renting a motel room.
"We have to pay rent every day,and I'm running (21)on money," Rob ,the (22)
handyman took to the streets with a sign that read
：
"Handyman,25 years exp.
，
Need
work." Rob wasn't asking for money or looking for a handout but rather for an opportunity
to earn his(23) .
Rob stood on the side of the highway holding his sign for a temperatures were
scorehingbut he(24)the hot sun each day in the hopes of finding e
（灼热的）
第8页，共23页
took a photo of him and(25) it on social media!Kyle,the owner of Greenstar Home
Remodeling,saw Rob's photo he derided to offer the handyman a chance to
help him gel hark on his feet.
Kyle brought Rob on to help with some demolition
（拆除的）
didn't even ask
how much the job just showed up. "I(26)out as a painter,and then I became a
landscaper - roofing - whatever could make money at," the handyman explained.
Rob(27)intends to put his all into working for Kyle for as long as Kyle has jobs for
after seeing Rob's dedication and(28)
，
Kyle is willing to do all he can to help the
man build a brighter future.
Sometimes all someone needs is to be given a(29).
20.
A.
fooled
21.
A.
deep
22.
A.
careless
23.
A.
fame
24.
A.
braved
25.
A.
leaked
26.
A.
reached
27.
A.
fully
28.
A.
drive
29.
A.
lesson
四、语法填空（本大题共
1
小题，共
15.0
分）
30.
A Four years ago,Danielle Crull rescued a stray cat from a forest in ,the
cat,Truffles,is changing hundreds of lives by helping children (1) have eye problems feel
more relaxed about wearing es,famous for her charming glasses,works
alongside "her mom"
，
an kids come in,they are often terrified
（眼科医生）
of anything (2)
（
come
）
near their 's when Truffles comes lo the rescue. "With
little ones crying,Truffles comes out (3) I put glasses on immediately slop crying
and put their own glasses on." Crull said,Truffles is literally magical with little kids.
B The Palace of Westminster is the meeting place of the two Houses of the Parliament of
the (4)
（
lie
）
on the north hank of the River Thames in the heart of London,close to
the historic Westminster Abbey and the government buildings of Whitehall and Downing
第9页，共23页
B.
forced
B.
free
B.
homeless
B.
time
B.
escaped
B.
checked
B.
started
B.
hardly
B.
honesty
B.
choice
C.
frightened
C.
hard
C.
unwilling
C.
living
C.
expected
C.
shared
C.
dropped
C.
possibly
C.
creativity
C.
challenge
D.
persuaded
D.
short
D.
unemployed
D.
place
D.
enjoyed
D.
clicked
D.
hung
D.
casually
D.
interest
D.
chance
name may refer lo either of the two structures
：
the Old Palace,a medieval
building complex,most of which (5)
（
destroy
）
in 1834
，
and its replacement New Palace
that stands palace retains its original style and status us a royal residence for
various ceremonial (6)
（
purpose
）
.
C Why is it so important to discuss and find solutions (7) food loss and waste
？
First,at
consumer level,almost one-third of the total food (8)
（
produce
）
globally is lost or wasted
every ,the impact of such loss is frightening,food loss and waste ate
responsible for about six to eight percent of sill greenhouse gas
rmore,reducing food loss and waste is not just an environmental concern
- it is also a moral imperative
（必要）
.Food loss and waste have a significant footprint on
(9)
（
nature
）
it is critical (10)
（
achieve
）
sustainable food systems.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、阅读表达（本大题共
1
小题，共
12.0
分）
31.
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
I am not sure how many books I have reread,but perhaps it is fewer than the average
me,the pleasure of rereading is a newly discovered one,though the source
material is not.
I used to lake the same approach to books as I did to travel
：
don't go to the same place
is too is so much to read and so much to see and I
realised that the fact that life is short might work the other way around,too
：
if you know
you enjoy something,or somewhere,immensely,then why not return
？
It makes sense
when we have limited amounts of time.
第10页，共23页
Recently I reread Joseph Heller's Catch-22.I was inspired to do so when reminded of how
he'd respond when people asked him why he'd never written anything as good
：
"Who has
？
"
Catch-22 pretty much saved my life when I first read it.I was an extremely depressed
17-year-old,had dropped out of sixth form twice,didn't leave the house at didn't
have a fell as though I hadn't laughed in such a long lime - me,a person who loves
laughing - because I hadn'-22 had me managed to lake me out of the
little private lonely world I had come to inhabit,and though its themes are serious,its sheer
wit and cleverness cheered me immensely.I related to its characters who are themselves
trapped.I am now planning to reread the sort of books that inspired me in my own writing
- works I haven't picked up for a long lime but that might energize me during a time in
which all of our batteries am flashing low.
There's comfort,too,in reading the formative books one loved,and those set in periods
other than our own-the 19th-century and the early 20th-century tales of society.I won't
take a break altogether from reading the most recent releases,but I have tried to dip more
frequently into the historical irony is that I own a ridiculous number of
books,which I've been neglecting
（忽略）
this whole longer.
(1) What approach did the author use to take to books and travel
？
______
(2) How did Catch-22 benefit the author
？
______
(3) Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and
explain why. ______
The author will read historical documents,but stop reading new books.
(4) What does rereading mean to you
？（
in about 40 words
）
______
六、书面表达（本大题共
1
小题，共
20.0
分）
32.
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校外教
Jim
的线上英语课被评为
"
最受欢迎的
线上课
"
，请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1.
表示祝贺；
2.
表达你对该课程的喜爱，并解释原因。
注意：
1.
词数
100
左右；
2.
开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
第11页，共23页
____________
Yours,
Li Hua
第12页，共23页
2024年4月9日发(作者：回懿轩)
2021-2022
学年北京市海淀区高三（上）期中英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共
14
小题，共
28.0
分）
A
From snapping photos in video mode to broadcasting your location in the event of an
emergency,there are endless functions your smartphone can perform.
Backup Your Zapper
If you spend as many hours looking down the hack of the sofa as I do,you'll be relieved lo
learn that most smart TV systems ran use your phone as a back-up remote
ad the Android TV Remote Control or Apple TV Remote apps for the
devices if you have a streaming stick.
Subtitle Your Life
Live Transcribe is a simple and effective Android app,preinstalled on Google's Pixel 3
phones,which transcribes speech in almost real you're hard of hearing,it can help
you follow a conversation without need for a hearing aid,or enjoy unsubtitled live
broadcasts,such as radio tically,it could also produce a reliable written
record of a r,due to privacy concerns,it has not yet been permitted to save
or share transcripts.
Singalong Your Contacts
Connectivity is not always you frequently find yourself rushing from the
garden or bathroom to pick up your mobile,only to discover it's just another cyborg
bothering you about selling insurance - may I suggest you set specific rings for your
closest both iOS and Android,you can add personalized rings to your close
friends or most beloved ones,right from the contacts directory on your phone.
Measure Your Shopping
When you're out shopping for furniture,it's a good idea to bring a tape measure with you -
but,seriously,whoever remembers to do that
？
!Apple's Measure app has saved you a lot of
's super simple to use - just point the camera at the object you want to measure and
it superimposes
（叠映）
a yellow dot that you tap at each end of the item concerned,and it
provides you with an instant calculation in centimeters.
第1页，共23页
1.
Which one call help people with hearing problems lo enjoy radio dramas
？
______
A.
Android TV Remote Control.
C.
Personalized rings.
B.
Live Transcribe.
D.
Apple's Measure.
2.
After reading this passage,mobile phone users may realize they can ______ .
A.
choose to ignore unwanted calls
B.
save n written record of a meeting
C.
locate their remote control easily
D.
get the size of an object by taking a photo
3.
Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
？
______
A.
What Apps We Have to Buy!
B.
It's Time to Get a New Mobile!
C.
Don't Overuse Your Mobile Phone!
D.
Who Knew My Phone Could Do That!
B
A 96-year-old woman,believed to be the oldest working nurse in the country,has retired
from gton,hospital.
Last week,Florence Rigney,better known to her friends as "SeeSee"
，
retired as a nurse
MultiCare Tacoma General Hospital after over 70 hout her career - which
began as student nurse,Rigney worked consistently,only taking a "break" from nursing to
raise her two children.
Working as a nurse has kept Rigney very 's traveled across the country as an
operatic nurse and even logged up to three miles on her treadmill from walking during her
shifts. "I don't like to around - I've always got to have something to 's my nature,"
Rigney said in a statement,adding that she always wanted to become a nurse. "I love to
interact with patients and give them the help that I can."
Rigney planned on retiring once at age 65
，
but after six months,she decided that she
needed the job to stay active and keep her mind as she officially retired,the
hospital noted that Rigney planned on spending most of her time enjoying family and
friends. "Even working into her nineties she has never been one to slow of her
colleagues joked that they had to sprint to keep up with her," said Laureen
Driscoll,president of the hospitals. "SeeSee's continued to be a dedicated nurse and an
incredible resource to her colleagues and 's humbling to stop and think about
第2页，共23页
the thousands and thousands of lives she's cured ne at MultiCare thanks Rigney
for her unmatched dedication and service,and we're proud to honor her by supporting
tomorrow's future nurses," she continued.
As she said goodbye to her beloved job,Rigney offered some advice for other nurses.
"Don't ever think that you know it all." she noted in the release. "I kind of did that when I
was in the operating room and you have to always be never slop learning."
In her honor,the hospital announced the creation of its SeeSee Rigney Nursing Endowed
Scholarship Fund,which will provide scholarships for MultiCare employees for continued
learning and development in nursing.
4.
Rigney continued working at age 65 because she ______ .
A.
needed to support her family
B.
wanted to stay energetic and sharp
C.
hoped to show her personal value
D.
intended to promote nurse training
5.
What was Rigney's suggestion for younger nurses
？
______
A.
Remain confident.
C.
Keep active and patient.
B.
Care for each other.
D.
Stay hungry for knowledge.
6.
According to the passage,Rigney is respected mainly due to her ______ .
A.
old age and good health
B.
quick mind and great creativity
C.
positive attitude and hard work
D.
high position and good resource
C
Do you listen to quiet music to help you wind down before sleep
？
However,this practice
could be counter-productive,according to a new study by Michael n and
colleagues at Baylor work,published in Psychological Medicine,found
that bedtime music was associated with more sleep disruptions and that instrumental
music is even worse than music with lyrics.
In the first study,199 online participants living in the US reported on their sleep quality
and music listening frequency nod liming,as well as their beliefs about how this affected
their all - 87% - believed that music improves sleep,or at least does not
disrupt r,the team found that more overall time spent listening to music was
第3页，共23页
associated with poorer sleep and daytime over three quarters of the
participants also reported experiencing frequent "earworms" - having a song or tune
"stuck" and replaying in their minds.A quarter reported experiencing these during the
night at least once per week,and these people were six limes as likely to report poor sleep
team's analysis suggested that listening specifically to instrumental music
near bedtime was linked to more sleep-related earworms and poorer sleep quality.
The team then ran an experimental study on 48 young arriving at the sleep lab
at 8
：
，
participants went to a quid bedroom,where they completed questionnaires
that included measures of stress,sleep quality and daytime also had
electrodes applied,ready for the night-time polysomnography to record their brain wave
activity,as well as heart rate and breathing,and reported on how
relaxed,nervous,energetic,sleepy and stressed they 10
：
，
they were given
some "downtime"
，
with quiet music were randomised to hear three songs
while the other half heard instrumental-only versions of these same songs.
Participants reported decreases in stress mid nervousness and increased relaxation after
listening to either set of songs,and also showed decreases in blood -as earlier
studies have also suggested-quiet music at bedtime was indeed relaxing at the
r,a quarter of the participants woke from sleep with an earworm,and the
polysomnography data showed that instrumental versions of the songs were more likely to
induce these awakenings as well as other sleep disruptions,such as shifts from deeper
sleep to lighter together,the findings represent "causal evidence for bedtime
instrumental music affecting sleep quality via triggering earworms." the team writes.
Why instrumental-only songs should have a bigger impact than music with lyrics isn't
three songs used in this study were chosen because they were likely to be
g them without the lyrics might have prompted the participant's brains to
try to add the words,which might have made earworms more this is the case,all
instrumental music may not have the same r,the data from the first study is
consistent with the idea that instrumental music generally is more of a problem.
7.
According to the passage,the participants in both studies ______ .
A.
were required to listen to light music
B.
felt their sleeping problems resolved
第4页，共23页
C.
had their sleeping quality monitored
D.
provided feedback oil bedtime music
8.
What does the underlined word "induce" in Paragraph 4 probably mean
？
______
A.
Lead to.
B.
Impact on.
C.
Break in.
D.
Focus on.
9.
What can we learn from the passage
？
______
A.
Earworms are mainly caused by music with lyrics.
B.
Bedtime music leads to high blood pressure and anxiety.
C.
Quiet music improves sleeping quality while loud music harms sleep.
D.
Both familiar and unfamiliar instrumental music can cause sleeping problems.
10.
The passage is mainly about ______ .
A.
how instrumental music disturbs sleep
B.
the possible negative effect of bedtime music
C.
how people can improve their sleep quality
D.
differences between music with and without lyrics
D
I was at the Gathering for Science in Boston,on 22 April 2017
，
as were 70
，
000 other
were there to stand up for facts and truth.
Where are the crowds of scientists now
？
Since then,harms from science denial have only
increased
：
global suffering has grown owing to inaction on climate change,and some
epidemics have risen along with vaccine skepticism.
I've been out there talking to the science deniers,and I've asked my scientist friends to
come with me. "Those people just aren't worth talking to." they'll say. "I wouldn't make a
difference anyway." What's people can and do change their minds,although
it requires someone to put in the time to overcome distrust.
To he sure,many experts have launched themselves against misinformation,enduring
abuse on social media and even threats to their when scientists turn flown my
invitations,it's not because of often,their excuses are grounded in the "backfire
effect"
，
a questionable 2010 finding that people sometimes embrace misconceptions more
strongly when fared with corrective information,implying that pushing back against
falsehoods is the researchers whose results were exaggerated to
popularize this idea do not embrace it anymore,and argue that the true challenge is
learning how best to target corrective information.
第5页，共23页
In fact,evidence is growing that rebuttals can he e deniers all draw on the
same flawed reasoning techniques
：
cherry-picking evidence,relying on fake experts,and
engaging in illogical reasoning.A landmark 2019 study showed that critiquing the flawed
techniques can contain the spread of misinformation.
So how does "technique rebuttal" work in practice
？
Arnaud Gagneur and his colleagues at the University of Sherbrooke conducted more than
1
，
000 20-minute interviews in which they listened to new parents' concerns about
vaccinations and answered their parents' children were 9% more likely to
receive all the vaccines on the schedule than were those of uninterviewed parents whose
babies were delivered in the same maternity mother told him
：
"It's the first time
that I've had a discussion like this,and I feel respected,and I trust you." It is self-evident in
science communication that you cannot convince a science denier with facts alone
；
most
science deniers don't have a lack of information,but a lack of trust.
So what should scientists do
？
Even non-experts ran use technique rebuttal.A geologist
can engage a neighbor who is vaccine hesitant.A protein biologist ran coach an aunt or
uncle who wants "more evidence" that climate change is d of shilling to more
comfortable conversations,engage in respectful you spend more time asking
questions than offering explanations,people will be more likely to pay attention to the
explanations that you do offer.
11.
What can we learn from the passage
？
______
A.
The Gathering for Science addressed online abuse.
B.
The silence of scientists worsens harm from science denial.
C.
Ineffective vaccines speed up the spread of some epidemics.
D.
The author's friends find it valuable to talk with science deniers.
12.
According to the passage,the "backfire effect" ______ .
A.
suggests caution before correcting others
B.
emphasizes the effectiveness of rebuttals
C.
results from flawed reasoning techniques
D.
enjoys wide support in the academic field
13.
The last two paragraphs suggest that ______ .
A.
the interviewed parents agreed to vaccination due to the sufficiency of the information
B.
geologists and protein biologists need to make sure the conversations are comfortable
第6页，共23页
C.
scientists fire encouraged to listen carefully find ask questions during interaction
D.
scientists should teach non-experts how to conduct respectful exchanges
14.
In writing this passage,the author aims to ______ .
A.
express concerns for misinformation
B.
analyze the mot cause of science denial
C.
advocate employing technique rebuttal
D.
present the problems scientists encounter
二、阅读七选五（本大题共
5
小题，共
10.0
分）
What's in a name
？
Some words sound like what they they could influence
everything from fictional depictions of aliens to your first impression on a job
most words have no apparent connection to what they the
linguist Steven Pinker puts it,we call a dog "dog" because everyone else that's
how it lifts to be. (1)
That rule applies to most words,but not words pop and murmur sound like they
to shout the word ,right
？
(2) It seems natural to associate the
names of large animals,for example,with low-pitched sounds
：
say,elephant,compared
with and others argue that iconicity is rare in language,but plenty of
psychologists and linguists disagree.
Beyond the debates,there are far-reaching implications for human interaction. (3) People
associate the "round" sounds in people's names with one set of characteristics,and names
featuring "sharp" sounds with a very different set. "Anne tends to he
conscientious,hardworking and sensitive," Penny Pexman,a psychologist at University of
Canada says. "Kale is expected to be extroverted,less conscientious,less hardworking and
less agreeable."
Luckily,surveys suggest that the link exists only in the mind of the person making it. (4)
"You could construct a little hit of an unlikely situation where people start to look like
their names over time and maybe people's personalities start to match their names through
some sort of congruency
（一致性）
.But we didn't find that." Pexman 's also no
evidence that people are basing their judgments on people they met previously.
(5) "We have videos of people being interviewed for jobs and we will manipulate the
names of those candidates before others evaluate them," she says.
第7页，共23页
"What's in a name
？
" William Shakespeare asked us in Romeo and Juliet. "That which we
call a rose by any other name would smell as sweet." Well,perhaps not.
is generally believed that names define who we are.
lend to expect one to have specific trails based on how one's name sounds.
h language has developed a rule of names reflecting people's good qualities.
would overwhelm our senses if every word we spoke came with a deeper meaning.
terms show sound iconicity,or a similarity between a word's form and meaning.
is no evidence that the Kates of the world are more extroverted than the Antics.
will also examine how people's names could affect their chances of being
chosen after an interview.
15.
A.
A
E
B.
B
C.
C
D.
D
E.
F.
F
G.
G
16.
A.
A
E
B.
B
C.
C
D.
D
E.
F.
F
G.
G
17.
A.
A
E
B.
B
C.
C
D.
D
E.
F.
F
G.
G
18.
A.
A
E
B.
B
C.
C
D.
D
E.
F.
F
G.
G
19.
A.
A
E
B.
B
C.
C
D.
D
E.
F.
F
G.
G
三、完形填空（本大题共
10
小题，共
15.0
分）
Rob made ends meet for his family as a handyman,doing odd jobs around the
those odd jobs quickly dried up due to a financial he lost his
(20)his family into renting a motel room.
"We have to pay rent every day,and I'm running (21)on money," Rob ,the (22)
handyman took to the streets with a sign that read
：
"Handyman,25 years exp.
，
Need
work." Rob wasn't asking for money or looking for a handout but rather for an opportunity
to earn his(23) .
Rob stood on the side of the highway holding his sign for a temperatures were
scorehingbut he(24)the hot sun each day in the hopes of finding e
（灼热的）
第8页，共23页
took a photo of him and(25) it on social media!Kyle,the owner of Greenstar Home
Remodeling,saw Rob's photo he derided to offer the handyman a chance to
help him gel hark on his feet.
Kyle brought Rob on to help with some demolition
（拆除的）
didn't even ask
how much the job just showed up. "I(26)out as a painter,and then I became a
landscaper - roofing - whatever could make money at," the handyman explained.
Rob(27)intends to put his all into working for Kyle for as long as Kyle has jobs for
after seeing Rob's dedication and(28)
，
Kyle is willing to do all he can to help the
man build a brighter future.
Sometimes all someone needs is to be given a(29).
20.
A.
fooled
21.
A.
deep
22.
A.
careless
23.
A.
fame
24.
A.
braved
25.
A.
leaked
26.
A.
reached
27.
A.
fully
28.
A.
drive
29.
A.
lesson
四、语法填空（本大题共
1
小题，共
15.0
分）
30.
A Four years ago,Danielle Crull rescued a stray cat from a forest in ,the
cat,Truffles,is changing hundreds of lives by helping children (1) have eye problems feel
more relaxed about wearing es,famous for her charming glasses,works
alongside "her mom"
，
an kids come in,they are often terrified
（眼科医生）
of anything (2)
（
come
）
near their 's when Truffles comes lo the rescue. "With
little ones crying,Truffles comes out (3) I put glasses on immediately slop crying
and put their own glasses on." Crull said,Truffles is literally magical with little kids.
B The Palace of Westminster is the meeting place of the two Houses of the Parliament of
the (4)
（
lie
）
on the north hank of the River Thames in the heart of London,close to
the historic Westminster Abbey and the government buildings of Whitehall and Downing
第9页，共23页
B.
forced
B.
free
B.
homeless
B.
time
B.
escaped
B.
checked
B.
started
B.
hardly
B.
honesty
B.
choice
C.
frightened
C.
hard
C.
unwilling
C.
living
C.
expected
C.
shared
C.
dropped
C.
possibly
C.
creativity
C.
challenge
D.
persuaded
D.
short
D.
unemployed
D.
place
D.
enjoyed
D.
clicked
D.
hung
D.
casually
D.
interest
D.
chance
name may refer lo either of the two structures
：
the Old Palace,a medieval
building complex,most of which (5)
（
destroy
）
in 1834
，
and its replacement New Palace
that stands palace retains its original style and status us a royal residence for
various ceremonial (6)
（
purpose
）
.
C Why is it so important to discuss and find solutions (7) food loss and waste
？
First,at
consumer level,almost one-third of the total food (8)
（
produce
）
globally is lost or wasted
every ,the impact of such loss is frightening,food loss and waste ate
responsible for about six to eight percent of sill greenhouse gas
rmore,reducing food loss and waste is not just an environmental concern
- it is also a moral imperative
（必要）
.Food loss and waste have a significant footprint on
(9)
（
nature
）
it is critical (10)
（
achieve
）
sustainable food systems.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、阅读表达（本大题共
1
小题，共
12.0
分）
31.
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
I am not sure how many books I have reread,but perhaps it is fewer than the average
me,the pleasure of rereading is a newly discovered one,though the source
material is not.
I used to lake the same approach to books as I did to travel
：
don't go to the same place
is too is so much to read and so much to see and I
realised that the fact that life is short might work the other way around,too
：
if you know
you enjoy something,or somewhere,immensely,then why not return
？
It makes sense
when we have limited amounts of time.
第10页，共23页
Recently I reread Joseph Heller's Catch-22.I was inspired to do so when reminded of how
he'd respond when people asked him why he'd never written anything as good
：
"Who has
？
"
Catch-22 pretty much saved my life when I first read it.I was an extremely depressed
17-year-old,had dropped out of sixth form twice,didn't leave the house at didn't
have a fell as though I hadn't laughed in such a long lime - me,a person who loves
laughing - because I hadn'-22 had me managed to lake me out of the
little private lonely world I had come to inhabit,and though its themes are serious,its sheer
wit and cleverness cheered me immensely.I related to its characters who are themselves
trapped.I am now planning to reread the sort of books that inspired me in my own writing
- works I haven't picked up for a long lime but that might energize me during a time in
which all of our batteries am flashing low.
There's comfort,too,in reading the formative books one loved,and those set in periods
other than our own-the 19th-century and the early 20th-century tales of society.I won't
take a break altogether from reading the most recent releases,but I have tried to dip more
frequently into the historical irony is that I own a ridiculous number of
books,which I've been neglecting
（忽略）
this whole longer.
(1) What approach did the author use to take to books and travel
？
______
(2) How did Catch-22 benefit the author
？
______
(3) Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and
explain why. ______
The author will read historical documents,but stop reading new books.
(4) What does rereading mean to you
？（
in about 40 words
）
______
六、书面表达（本大题共
1
小题，共
20.0
分）
32.
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校外教
Jim
的线上英语课被评为
"
最受欢迎的
线上课
"
，请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1.
表示祝贺；
2.
表达你对该课程的喜爱，并解释原因。
注意：
1.
词数
100
左右；
2.
开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
第11页，共23页
____________
Yours,
Li Hua
第12页，共23页