2024年3月17日发(作者：用景中)
Lecture note 8
1、 Agentive nouns（包含施动者信息的名词）
翻译时，英语注重静态语势（名词），中文则将名次翻译为动词。
——如何使句子更加静态化？
——尽量使用无实义的动词。
1. He is a heavy smoker.
他烟瘾很重。
2. 他烟瘾很重，一天要抽两包烟。
He is a smoker of two-packs a day.
3. He is a good listener and they like to talk with him.
他很善于倾听，所以大家都喜欢和他聊天。
4. I’m afraid I’m not much of a good math teacher for your son.
我想以我的数学水平恐怖难以教好您的儿子。（补习或家教）
5. I am not much of a sailor.
我很容易晕船。/我不喜欢乘船旅行。
6. Many teachers are tough markers here.
这里很多老师打分都很严格。
7. They could be obstructionists
（设障碍）
across a whole range of issues.
他们在很多事情上都多加刁难。
8. He is known as a maker of many enemies.
他树敌颇多。/他被称为常胜将军。
9. My family are all early risers./early-birds.
我们全家都习惯早起。
10. He was a regular contributor to that magazine.
他定期给杂志社投稿。
11. That boy is a master complicator.
master=be good at
这个男孩就是个捣蛋鬼。
12. What’s the matter? You’re all clock-watchers today.
怎么了，你们怎么总在看表？
weight-watcher；calorie-calculater
13. Since he lost his job, he’s been a loner.
自从他失去工作之后，人变得很孤僻。
14. Be careful! He is known as a blame - shifter.
当心！他总是把责任推给别人。
15. She is a sharp dresser.
她着装很前卫。
16. I am a very nervous flier.
我坐飞机会很紧张。
17. None of my family is much of letter-writer.
我们家人现在都不写信了。
18. He has always been a straight talker.
他说话总是直来直去。
19. I used to be a bit of a fancier myself.
我过去总喜欢天马行空地想象。
20. 尽管政府出台了许多鼓励消费的政策，大部分人还是
不太愿意花钱
。
Although the government has published many policies to encourage
consumption,most people are reluctant spenders.
21. 如果这颗小行星真的撞上了地球，人类文明将退回到
狩猎和采集的原始时代
。
„„the days of hunters and gatherers.
22. 涉及到外交政策时，他只是
介绍介绍背景情况
。
(1) Referring to diplomatic policies,he could only brief[v.] background information.
(2) „„is a background information briefer.
2、 Borrowed unit words（a + noun + of + noun）
23. a burst of laughter
大笑
24. a gust
（一阵旋风）
of anger
冒出一股怒火
25. a flush
（冲刷；蔓延）
of love
爱意油然而生
26. a flicker
（一闪）
of doubt
疑虑一闪而过
27. a stab of guilt
深深的愧疚
28. She found herself among a chaos of shoes and gowns thrown on the floor.
她发现衣服鞋子乱扔一地。
29. Through the window came in a flood of mellow sunlight.
柔和的阳光透过窗户，撒满地面。
30. He has been an explosion of artists, writers and intellectuals coming to the city.
他看到一大群人进城了，有画家、作家和读书人。
3、 The English Adjective
31. The buses are crowded.
公交车上挤满了人。
32. They are doing everything to prevent a possible war.
他们努力去阻止可能爆发的战争。
33. They were news-hungry.
他们迫切希望得到最新的消息。
power-hungry
34. The local audience was most receptive.
当地的观众很容易接受新事物。
35. He said the meeting was informative.
这场会议让他受益颇多。
36. Many investors are still fearful of the ever-changing local policies.
许多投资者对当地政策的变化提心吊胆。
37. Hillary said, “You can choose to be cynical or hopeful.”
希拉里说：“疾世愤俗或者满怀希望，选择权在你。”
38. It was a very physical football game, and we answered that tonight.
这是场非常野蛮的的足球赛，今天晚上我们也会以同样的方式踢回去。（以牙还牙）
39. 近来我常想起童年的事情，也许是有点儿
想家了
吧。
Homesickness has reminded me of the childhood frequently.
40. 我对赢得比赛始终抱着乐观的态度。
I’m rather optimistic about winning the competition.
41. 两位选手密切配合，很快拿下了决赛局。
The two players’ perfect cooperation contributed to the finals.
42. 儿子考上了清华大学，他终于松了一口气。
He felt greatly relived after his son was admitted toTsinghua University.
43. 孩子比大人更容易表露感情，这是很自然的。
It’s natural that children are demonstrative（公开表露感情的） than adults.
44. 他就爱在公共场合出风头。
He enjoys being outstanding in the public.
45. 这样的说法真可谓屡见不鲜了。
The statement is familiar.
4、 比较级
46. We all expect a better situation.
我们都希望情况有所好转。
47. 衣带渐宽
My suit fits looser everyday.
48. The workers put in a demand for higher wages.
工人们要求涨工资。
49. Every suitable opportunity should be used to bring nearer the peaceful reunification of
Taiwan and the mainland.
我们要把握每个合适的机会促进台湾和大陆的和平统一。
Ps:nearer相比enhance更加中立
50. A smoother tongue and lighter manner would have been better suited to the situation.
如果我们当时言语温和些，行为和缓些，或许原本的情况会变好一些。
51. After months of experiment he wasn’t much closer than before he began.
经过几个月的尝试，他反而没有开始时那么亲近人。
52. To them, he personified（使„„人格化） the absolute power.
与他们而言，他就是绝对权力的化身。
53. The navy is now positioned （确定„„的位置）to safeguard both the Pacific and Atlantic
Oceans.
海军被调遣前去保卫太平洋和大西洋。
54. A well-dressed men, who looked and talked like an American, sat into the car.
一个衣冠楚楚，长相和说话方式都像美国人的男子，坐进了一辆小车。
55. In the early dawn, the guard towers were silhouetted
（显出轮廓的）
against the sky.
破晓之时，天边出现了瞭望塔的轮廓。
2024年3月17日发(作者：用景中)
Lecture note 8
1、 Agentive nouns（包含施动者信息的名词）
翻译时，英语注重静态语势（名词），中文则将名次翻译为动词。
——如何使句子更加静态化？
——尽量使用无实义的动词。
1. He is a heavy smoker.
他烟瘾很重。
2. 他烟瘾很重，一天要抽两包烟。
He is a smoker of two-packs a day.
3. He is a good listener and they like to talk with him.
他很善于倾听，所以大家都喜欢和他聊天。
4. I’m afraid I’m not much of a good math teacher for your son.
我想以我的数学水平恐怖难以教好您的儿子。（补习或家教）
5. I am not much of a sailor.
我很容易晕船。/我不喜欢乘船旅行。
6. Many teachers are tough markers here.
这里很多老师打分都很严格。
7. They could be obstructionists
（设障碍）
across a whole range of issues.
他们在很多事情上都多加刁难。
8. He is known as a maker of many enemies.
他树敌颇多。/他被称为常胜将军。
9. My family are all early risers./early-birds.
我们全家都习惯早起。
10. He was a regular contributor to that magazine.
他定期给杂志社投稿。
11. That boy is a master complicator.
master=be good at
这个男孩就是个捣蛋鬼。
12. What’s the matter? You’re all clock-watchers today.
怎么了，你们怎么总在看表？
weight-watcher；calorie-calculater
13. Since he lost his job, he’s been a loner.
自从他失去工作之后，人变得很孤僻。
14. Be careful! He is known as a blame - shifter.
当心！他总是把责任推给别人。
15. She is a sharp dresser.
她着装很前卫。
16. I am a very nervous flier.
我坐飞机会很紧张。
17. None of my family is much of letter-writer.
我们家人现在都不写信了。
18. He has always been a straight talker.
他说话总是直来直去。
19. I used to be a bit of a fancier myself.
我过去总喜欢天马行空地想象。
20. 尽管政府出台了许多鼓励消费的政策，大部分人还是
不太愿意花钱
。
Although the government has published many policies to encourage
consumption,most people are reluctant spenders.
21. 如果这颗小行星真的撞上了地球，人类文明将退回到
狩猎和采集的原始时代
。
„„the days of hunters and gatherers.
22. 涉及到外交政策时，他只是
介绍介绍背景情况
。
(1) Referring to diplomatic policies,he could only brief[v.] background information.
(2) „„is a background information briefer.
2、 Borrowed unit words（a + noun + of + noun）
23. a burst of laughter
大笑
24. a gust
（一阵旋风）
of anger
冒出一股怒火
25. a flush
（冲刷；蔓延）
of love
爱意油然而生
26. a flicker
（一闪）
of doubt
疑虑一闪而过
27. a stab of guilt
深深的愧疚
28. She found herself among a chaos of shoes and gowns thrown on the floor.
她发现衣服鞋子乱扔一地。
29. Through the window came in a flood of mellow sunlight.
柔和的阳光透过窗户，撒满地面。
30. He has been an explosion of artists, writers and intellectuals coming to the city.
他看到一大群人进城了，有画家、作家和读书人。
3、 The English Adjective
31. The buses are crowded.
公交车上挤满了人。
32. They are doing everything to prevent a possible war.
他们努力去阻止可能爆发的战争。
33. They were news-hungry.
他们迫切希望得到最新的消息。
power-hungry
34. The local audience was most receptive.
当地的观众很容易接受新事物。
35. He said the meeting was informative.
这场会议让他受益颇多。
36. Many investors are still fearful of the ever-changing local policies.
许多投资者对当地政策的变化提心吊胆。
37. Hillary said, “You can choose to be cynical or hopeful.”
希拉里说：“疾世愤俗或者满怀希望，选择权在你。”
38. It was a very physical football game, and we answered that tonight.
这是场非常野蛮的的足球赛，今天晚上我们也会以同样的方式踢回去。（以牙还牙）
39. 近来我常想起童年的事情，也许是有点儿
想家了
吧。
Homesickness has reminded me of the childhood frequently.
40. 我对赢得比赛始终抱着乐观的态度。
I’m rather optimistic about winning the competition.
41. 两位选手密切配合，很快拿下了决赛局。
The two players’ perfect cooperation contributed to the finals.
42. 儿子考上了清华大学，他终于松了一口气。
He felt greatly relived after his son was admitted toTsinghua University.
43. 孩子比大人更容易表露感情，这是很自然的。
It’s natural that children are demonstrative（公开表露感情的） than adults.
44. 他就爱在公共场合出风头。
He enjoys being outstanding in the public.
45. 这样的说法真可谓屡见不鲜了。
The statement is familiar.
4、 比较级
46. We all expect a better situation.
我们都希望情况有所好转。
47. 衣带渐宽
My suit fits looser everyday.
48. The workers put in a demand for higher wages.
工人们要求涨工资。
49. Every suitable opportunity should be used to bring nearer the peaceful reunification of
Taiwan and the mainland.
我们要把握每个合适的机会促进台湾和大陆的和平统一。
Ps:nearer相比enhance更加中立
50. A smoother tongue and lighter manner would have been better suited to the situation.
如果我们当时言语温和些，行为和缓些，或许原本的情况会变好一些。
51. After months of experiment he wasn’t much closer than before he began.
经过几个月的尝试，他反而没有开始时那么亲近人。
52. To them, he personified（使„„人格化） the absolute power.
与他们而言，他就是绝对权力的化身。
53. The navy is now positioned （确定„„的位置）to safeguard both the Pacific and Atlantic
Oceans.
海军被调遣前去保卫太平洋和大西洋。
54. A well-dressed men, who looked and talked like an American, sat into the car.
一个衣冠楚楚，长相和说话方式都像美国人的男子，坐进了一辆小车。
55. In the early dawn, the guard towers were silhouetted
（显出轮廓的）
against the sky.
破晓之时，天边出现了瞭望塔的轮廓。