2024年3月17日发(作者：施飞舟)
大鼠和小鼠解剖图谱
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图Ⅷ-1整体骨骼侧面观The skeleton. Lateral View
图Ⅷ-2整体骨骼左前面观The skeleton. Left anterior view
1肋骨rib
2胸椎thoracic vertebra
3颈椎cervical vertebra
4颅骨cranium
5肩胛骨scapula
6肱骨hiimeius
7桡骨radius
8尺骨ulna
9掌骨metacarpal bone
10指骨digital bone
11腰椎lumbar vertebra
12髂骨ilium
13尾骨coccyx
14股骨femur
15髌骨patella
16腓骨fubula
17胫骨tibia
18跖骨metatarsal bone
19趾骨digital bone
图Ⅷ-3头骨背面The skull．Dorsal aspect
图Ⅷ-4头骨侧面The skull. Lateral aspect
图Ⅷ-5头骨腹面The skull. Ventral aspect
图Ⅷ-6下颌骨侧面The mandible. Lateral aspect
1枕骨occipital bone
2顶间骨interparietal bone
3矢状缝sagittal suture
4颧骨malar bone
5上颌骨maxillary bone
6前颌骨premaxillary bone
7枕外嵴external occipital creat
8顶骨parietal bone
9额骨frontal bone
10鼻骨nasal bone
11鼻间缝internasal suture
12前筛孔preethmoid pore
13蝶腭孔sphenopalatine foramen
14门齿 incisor tooth
15下颌骨mandible
16视神经孔optic foramen
17枕骨occipital bone
18茎突styloid process
19外耳道external acoustic meatus
20颞骨temporal bone
21 腭裂patoschisis
22臼齿molar tooth
23腭骨palatine bone
24翼孔pterygoid apertures
25破裂孔foramen lacerum
26枕大孔foramen magnum
27腭后孔posterior palatine foramen
28鼻后孔posterior nasal apertures
29卵圆孔foramen ovale
30鼓骨tympanic bone
31舌下神经孔hypoglossal foramen
32下颌联合mandibular symphysis
33颏孔mental foramen
34冠状突coronoid process
35下颌支ramus of mandible
36角状突process of horn
37下颌孔mandibular foramen
38翼肌窝pterygoid fossa
39髁突condylar process
图Ⅷ-7颈椎与胸椎背面The cervical 图Ⅷ-9前肢骨背面The bone of
vertebra and thoracic aspect anterior aspect
图Ⅷ-8前肢骨外侧面The bone of anterior
limb. Lateral aspect
1枢椎axis 2第4颈椎4th cervical vertebra
3第6颈椎6th cervical vertebra 4第1胸椎1st thoracic vertebra
5第4胸椎4th thoracic vertebra 6寰椎axis
7第3颈椎3rd cervical vertebra 8第5颈椎5th cervical vertebra
9第7颈椎7th cervical vertebra 10第3胸椎3rd thoracic vertebra
l1肱骨体shaft of humcrus 12桡骨radius
13尺骨ulna 14尺骨茎突styloid process of ulna
15掌骨metacarpal bone 16肱骨头head of hurnerus
l7肘突cubital process 18腕骨carpal bone
19指骨digital bone
图Ⅷ-10股骨前面The femur. 图Ⅷ-11胫骨与腓骨前面The tibia
Anterior aspect and fibula. Anterior aspect
图Ⅷ-12整体肌侧面观The muscles. Lateral view
1大转子greater trochanter
2股骨颈neck of femur
3第三转子third trochanter
4髌骨patella
5股骨头femoral head
G小转子lesser trochanter
7股骨体shaft of femur
8股骨内侧髁medial condyle of femur
9外侧髁lateral condyle
10腓骨fibula
11外踝 lateral malleolus
12跗骨tarsal bone
13胫骨内侧髁medial condyle of tibia
14径骨粗隆tibial tuberosity
15胫骨tibia
I6内踝medial mallcolus
17跖骨metatarsal bone
18斜方肌trapezius muscle
19臀浅肌glutoeus super(icialis muscle
20股直肌rectus femoris muscle
21腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen
22背阔肌latissimus dorsi muscle
23肩斜方肌shoulder-trapezius muscle
24大圆肌teres major muscle
25肩三角肌shoulder-deltoid muscle
26前锯肌serratus anterior muscle
图Ⅷ-13整体肌背面观The muscles. Dorsal view
图Ⅷ-14整体肌腹面观The muscles. Ventral view
1锁骨提肌levator clavicle muscle
2肩三角肌shoulder-deltoid muscle
3肱三头肌triceps brachii muscle
4臀浅肌gluteus suferficidlis muscle
5股直肌rectus femoris muscle
6腓肠肌gastrocnemius muscle
7夹肌splenius muscle
8颈菱形肌rhomboideus cervicis muscle
9胸菱形肌rhomboideus pectoralis muscle
10背阔肌latissimus dorsi muscle
11腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen
12股二头肌biceps femoris muscle
13半腱肌semitendinosus muscle
14二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastric muscle
15二腹肌后腹posterior belly of digastric muscle
16胸骨舌骨肌sternohyoid muscle
17肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle
18腹直肌rectus abdominis muscle
19股动、静脉femoral artery and femoral vein
20阴囊scrotum
21咬肌masseter muscle
22胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle
23肩三角肌shoulder-deltoid muscle
24桡侧腕伸肌extensor carpi radialis muscle
25指总伸肌extensor digitorum communis muscle
26尺侧腕伸肌extensor carpi ulnaris muscle
27胸浅肌pectoral superficialis muscle
28前锯肌serratus anterior muscle
29股内侧肌vastus medialis muscle
30耻骨肌pectineus muscle
31长收肌adductor longus muscle
32股薄肌gracilis muscle
图Ⅷ-15头、颈部侧面The head and neck. Lateral aspect
1颞浅动、静脉superficial temporal artery and vein 2眶
上静脉supraorbitalvein
3面横动、静脉transverse facial artery and vein 4下颌缘神经marginalmandibular nerv
e
5面后静脉posterior facial vein
6面前静脉anterior facial vein
7颈外静脉external jugular vein
图Ⅷ-16口腔（1)The oral cavity（1）
1颞浅动、静脉superficial temporal artery and vein 2眶上静脉supraorbitalvein
3面横动、静脉transverse facial artery and vein 4下颌缘神经marginalmandibular nerve
5面后静脉posterior facial vein 6面前静脉anterior facial vein
7颈外静脉external jugular vein 8硬腭褶fold of hard palate
9臼齿molar tooth 10门齿incisor tooth
11软腭soft palate 12舌根root of tongue
13舌体body of tongue 14舌尖apex of tongue
图Ⅷ-17 口腔（2)The oral cavity (2)
图Ⅷ-18脑与脊髓背面The brain and 图Ⅷ-19脑与脊髓腹面The brain and
spinal aspect spinal cordVentral aspect
1 喉口aperture of larynx
2舌根root of tongue
3舌尖apex of tongue
5软腭soft palate
7臼齿molar tooth
9嗅球olfactory bulb
1l绒球flocculus 12
13腰膨大lumbar enlargement
15大脑cerebrum 16
17脊髓圆锥courts medullaris
19脑桥pons 20
21嗅束olfactory tract
23三叉神经trigeminal nerve
4硬腭褶fold of hard palate
6会厌epiglottis
8舌体body of tongue
10中央纵裂central longitudinal fissue
颈膨大cervical enlargement
14外侧纵沟lateral longitudinal sulcus
小脑（中央部）cerebellum (central part）
18 脑垂体 pituitary gland
延髓 myelencephalon
22视神经optic nerve
图Ⅷ-20磁共振冠状面定位像（1)The scout view of coronal images（1）
图Ⅷ-21磁共振冠状面定位像（2）The scout view of coronal images（2)
1眼球eyeball
2嗅脑rhinencephalon
3大脑皮层cerebral cortex
4大脑镰cerebral faix
5鼻旁窦paranasal sinus
6纵裂longitudinal fissure
冠状面T
1
加权像，颞颌关节线圈，
SE序列，层厚3.0mm，无间隔，
TR=500rns，TE=20ms。
扫描方向：从背侧向腹侧。
图Ⅷ-22磁共振冠状面定位像（3）The scout view of coronal images (3)
海马区
中脑
天幕
额顶叶皮层
颞叶皮层
小脑
图Ⅷ-23磁共振冠状面定位像（4)The scout view of coronal images (4)
图Ⅷ-24磁共振冠状面定位像（5)The scout view of coronal images (5)
1海马结构hippocampal formation
2中脑midbrain
3天幕tentorium
4额顶叶皮层frontoparietal cortex
5颞叶皮层temporal cortex
G小脑cerebellum
7 颞骨lemporal bone
8脑桥pons
9舌tongue
10咬肌masseter muscle
11下颌骨mandible
12咽pharynx
图Ⅷ-25颈肌与胸肌（1)The muscle of neck and pectoral muscle（1）
图Ⅷ-26颈肌与胸肌（2）The muscle of neck and pectoral muscle (2)
1二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastrc muscle 2胸骨舌骨肌sternohyoid muscle
3胸浅肌pectoral suferficialis muscle 4二腹肌后腹posterior belly of digastric muscle
5咬肌masseter muscle 6胸乳突肌stemomastoideus muscle
7淋巴结lymph nodes 8肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle
9桡神经radial nerve 10正中神经median nerve
11背阔肌latissimus dorsi muscle 12肩胛舌骨肌omohyoid muscle
13腋神经axillary nerve 14胸深肌pectoral profundus muscle
图Ⅷ-27腹肌The abdominal muscle
图Ⅷ-28胸、腹腔器官The organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities
1腹直肌rectus abdominis muscle
2 股动、静脉femoral artery. femoral vein
3阴茎penis
4阴囊scrotum
5胸浅肌pectoral suferficialis muscle
6腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen
7股直肌rectus femoris muscle
8股内侧肌vastus medialis muscle
9耻骨肌pectineus muscle
10长收肌adductor longus muscle
11股薄肌gracilis muscle
12半腱肌semitendinous muscle
13咬肌masseter muscle
14胸骨舌骨肌sternohyoid muscle
15胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle
16肩胛横肌transverses scapulae muscle
17胸腺thymus
18心heart
19肺lung
20 膈diaphragm
21十二指肠duodenum
22空肠jejunmn
23 膀胱 urinary bladder
24二腹肌后腹posterior belly of digastric muscle
25脾spleen
26结肠colon
27回肠ileum
28股静脉 femoral vein
29前列腺prostate
图Ⅷ-29心腹面The heart. Ventral aspect
1右颈内动脉right internal carotid artery
2右颈外动脉right external carotid artery
3右锁骨下动脉 right subclavian artery
4右心房right atrium
5冠状沟coronary sulcus
6右心室right ventricle
7心尖cardiac apex
8左颈内动脉left internal cartoid artery
9左颈外动脉 left external cartoid artery
10主动脉弓aortic arch
11左心房left atrium
12左心室left ventricle
图Ⅷ-30心背面The heart. Dorsal aspect
3右锁骨下动脉 right subclavian artery
4右心房right atrium
5冠状沟coronary sulcus
6右心室right ventricle
7心尖cardiac apex
8左颈内动脉left internal cartoid artery
9左颈外动脉 left external cartoid artery
10主动脉弓aortic arch
11左心房left atrium
12左心室left ventricle
13肺动脉右支right branch of pulmonary artery
14肺静脉pulmonary vein
15前腔静脉precavalvein
16肺动脉左支left branch of pulmonary art 7tery
17后腔静脉postcaval vein
图Ⅷ-31左心房与左心室The left atrium and left ventricle
11左心房left atrium
12左心室left ventricle
13肺动脉右支right branch of pulmonary artery
14肺静脉pulmonary vein
15前腔静脉precavalvein
16肺动脉左支left branch of pulmonary art 7tery
17后腔静脉postcaval vein
18心中静脉 middle cardiac vein
19头臂动脉brachiocephalic artery
20主动脉弓aortic arch
21乳头肌papillary muscles
22左颈总动脉left common carotid artery
23左锁骨下动脉left subclavian artery
24右前腔静脉right precaval vein
25心外膜extracardium
图Ⅷ-32右心房和右心室The right atrium and right ventricle
4右心房right atrium
5冠状沟coronary sulcus
6右心室right ventricle
7心尖cardiac apex
8左颈内动脉left internal cartoid artery
9左颈外动脉 left external cartoid artery
10主动脉弓aortic arch
11左心房left atrium
12左心室left ventricle
13肺动脉右支right branch of pulmonary artery
14肺静脉pulmonary vein
15前腔静脉precavalvein
16肺动脉左支left branch of pulmonary art 7tery
17后腔静脉postcaval vein
18心中静脉 middle cardiac vein
19头臂动脉brachiocephalic artery
20主动脉弓aortic arch
21乳头肌papillary muscles
22左颈总动脉left common carotid artery
23左锁骨下动脉left subclavian artery
24右前腔静脉right precaval vein
25心外膜extracardium
26肺动脉pulmonary artery
27心内膜endocardiurn
28心肌层myocardium
图Ⅷ-33颈总动脉The common carotid artery
图Ⅷ-34主动脉弓The aorta arch
1舌动脉lingual artery
2甲状腺thyroid gland
3迷走交感神经链vagosympathetic chain
4颈外静脉external jugular vein
5颈总动脉common carotid artery
6锁骨下动脉subclavian artery
7无名动脉anonyma artery
8主动脉弓aorta arch
9颌外动脉external maxillary artery
10耳前动脉anterior auricular artery
11甲状腺上动脉superior thyroid artery
12颈动脉干carotiq trunk
13腋动脉axillary artery
14左心耳left auricle
15前腔静脉precaval vein
16面后静脉posterior facial vein
17面前静脉anterior facial vein
18臂神经丛brachial plexus
19胸外侧动脉external thoracicartery
20椎动脉vertebral artery
21肋颈动脉干costocervicaltrunk
图Ⅷ-35胸主动脉The thoracic aorta
1甲状腺thyroid gland
3颈总动脉common carotid artery
5无名动脉innominate artery
7后腔静脉postcaval vein
9颈动脉干carotid trunk
11腋动脉axillary artery
13椎动脉vertebral artery
15主动脉弓aorta arch
17胸主动脉thoracic aorta
19食管esophagus
2迷走交感神经链vagosympathetic chain
4锁骨下动脉subclavian artery
6前腔静脉precaval vein
8 膈 diaphragm
10臂神经丛brachial plexus
12胸外侧动脉lateral thoracic artery
14肋颈动脉干costocervical trunk
16肺动脉pulmonary artery
18肋间动脉intercostal artery
图Ⅷ-37腹腔器官（2）The organs in the abdominal cavity (2)
图Ⅷ-38腹腔器官（3)The organs in the abdominal cavity (3）
肝
胃
胰
脾
1肝右中叶right middle lobe of liver 2肝右外叶right lateral lobe of liver
3横结肠transverse colon 4大网膜greater omentnm
5空肠jejunum 6剑突xiphoid process
7肝左中叶left middle lobe of liver 8肝左外叶left lateral lobe of liver
9胃stomach 10脾spleen
1l脂肪fat 12肝liver
13胰pancreas 14结肠colon
图Ⅷ-39腹腔器官（4）The organs in the abdominal cavity (4)
图Ⅷ-40腹腔器官（5）The organs in the abdominal cavity (5)
1肝右中叶 right middle lobe of l iver 2肝右外叶right lateral lobe of liver
3小肠small intestine 4大网膜greater omentum
5结肠colon 6胸腺thymus
7肺lung 8心heart
9 膈 diaphragm l0肝左中叶left middle lobe of liver
11肝左外叶left lateral lobe of liver 12胃stomach
13脾spleen 14附睾epididymis
15睾丸testis 16阴茎penis
17股动、静脉femoral artery and vein
图Ⅷ-41腹腔器官（6)The organs in the abdominal cavity (6)
肾上腺
肾
图Ⅷ-42胃The stomach 图Ⅷ-43胃壁内面The wall of stomach. Inner surface
1膈diaphragm
2前腔静脉precaval vein
3胸腺thymus
4肺lung
5心heart
6肾上腺adrenal gland
7肾kidney
8肾门静脉renal portal vein
9精索内静脉internal spermatic vein
10髂腰静脉iliolumbar vein
11膀胱urinary bladder
12十二指肠duodenum
13幽门pylorus
14胃大弯greater curvature of stomach
15食管esophagus
16胃底fundus of stomach
17胃小弯lesser curvature of stomach
18胃体body of stomach
19贲门pylorus
20胃粘膜皮区cutaneous part of gastric mucous
21胃粘膜腺区glandular part of gastric mucous
图Ⅷ-44空肠、回肠与盲肠腹面观The jejunum, ileum and cecum. Ventral view
图Ⅷ-45空肠、回肠与盲肠背面观The jejunum, ileum and cecum. Dorsal view
回肠
空肠
结肠
1空肠jejunum
2横结肠transverse colon
3升结肠ascending colon
4盲肠cecum
5腹壁浅动脉superficial epigastric artery
6隐动脉saphenous artery
7隐大静脉great saphenous vein
8肝liver
9胃stomach
10脾spleen
11降结肠descending colon
12 膀胱 urinary bladder
13尾中动脉middle coccygeal artery
14回肠ileum
15盲肠尖apex of cecum
16盲肠体body of cecum
17盲肠基部base of cecum
图Ⅷ-46生殖器官（♀）（1）The genital organs（♀）（1）
图Ⅷ-47生殖器官（♀）（2)The genital organs（♀）(2)
1小肠small intestine 2输卵管uterine tube
3脂肪fat 4胃stomach
5子宫角horn of uterus 6直肠rectum
7膀胱urinary bladder 8脾spleen
9子宫体body of uterus
图Ⅷ-50生殖器官（♂）（3）The genital organs（♂）(3)
图Ⅷ-51生殖器官（♂）（4)The genital organs（♂）(4)
1直肠rectum 2膀胱urinary bladder
3肾kidney 4脂肪fat
5精囊seminal vesicle 6前列腺prostate
7阴茎penis 8 附睾 epididymis
9精索spermatic cord
图Ⅷ-52生殖器官（♂）（5）The genital organs（♂）(5)
图Ⅷ-53腹主动脉及其分支The abdominal aorta and branches
1 直肠 rectum
2精囊seminal vesicle
3 膀胱urinary bladder
4前列腺prostate
5精索spermatic cord
6阴茎penis
7 附睾epididymis
8睾丸testis
9膈diaphragm
10后腔静脉postcaval vein
11腹腔动脉celiac artery
12肾动脉renal artery
13右肾 right kidkey
14前肠系膜动脉anterior mesenteric artery
15精索内动脉internal spermatic artery
16输尿管ureter
17髂腰动、静脉iliolumbar artery and vein
18髂总动脉common iliac artery
19贮精囊vesicula seminalis
20隐动脉saphenous artery
21食管esophagus
22膈下动脉inferior phrenic artery
23肾上腺adrenal glands
24肾上腺上动脉superior adrenal artery
25左肾left kidney
26后肠系膜动脉posterior mesenteric artery
27髂外动脉external iliac artery
28股动脉femoral artery
29腹壁阴部动脉干arterial epigastro-pudendal trunk
30输精管ductus deferens
图Ⅷ-56前肢内侧面The anterior limb. Medial aspect
图Ⅷ-57后肢内侧面(1)The posterior limb. Medial aspect（1）
1腋神经axillary nerve 2桡神经radial nerve
3头静脉cephalic vein 4正中神经median nerve
5正中动脉median artery 6肌支muscular branch
7尺神经ulnar nerve 8臂动脉brachial artery
9胸长神经long thoracic nerve 10胸外侧动脉external thoracic artery
I1颈总动脉common carotid artery 12主动脉弓aorta arch
13左心耳left auricle 14右心耳right auricle
15食管esophagus 16胸主动脉thoracic aorta
17腹壁浅动脉superficial epigastric artery 18腹壁浅静脉superficial epigastric vein
19隐动脉saphenous artery 20隐大静脉great saphenous vein
图Ⅸ-1整体骨骼侧面观The skeleton. Lateral view
图Ⅸ-2整体骨骼背面观The skeleton. Dorsal view
1背肋dorsal rib 2胸椎thoracic vertebra
3颈椎cerical vertebra 4顶间骨interparietal bone
5顶骨parietal bone 6额骨frontal bone
7鼻骨nasal bone 8锁骨clavicle
9肩胛骨scapula 10肱骨hemerus
11髌骨patella 12腰椎lumbar vertebra
13荐椎sacral vertebra 14尾椎caudal vertebra
15坐骨ischium 16髂骨ilium
17股骨femur 18腓骨fibula
19胫骨tibia 20跖骨metatarsal bone
21趾骨digital bone 22胸肋sternal rib
23头骨skull 24指骨digital bone
25桡骨radius
图Ⅸ-3背柱背面The vertebral column. Dorsal aspect
图Ⅸ-4胸廓背面The thorax．Dorsal aspect
图Ⅸ -5前肢骨内侧面The bone of 图Ⅸ-6后肢骨外侧面The bone of
anterior aspect posterior l aspect
1枢椎axis 2
3第II胸椎I Ith thoraac vertebra
5第6腰椎6th lumbar vertebra
7闭孔obturator foramen
9第7颈椎seventh cervical vertebra
1l背肋dorsal rib
13髂骨ilium 14
15坐骨ischimn 16
17指骨digital bone
19腕骨carpal bone
21尺骨ulna 22
23鼻骨nasal bone
25顶骨parietal bone
27肱骨hemerus 28
29肱骨头head of humerus
31肩胛冈spine of scapula
33大转子greater trochanter
35胫侧髁tibiale condyle
37胫骨tibia 38
39股骨头head of femur
41跟骨calcaneus 42
43趾骨digital bone
胸椎thoracic vertebra
4第1腰椎I st lumbar vertebra
6耻骨pubis
8寰椎atlas
10胸肋sternal rib
12第4腰椎4th lumbar
荐椎sacral vertebra
尾椎caudal vertebra
18掌骨metacarp at bone
20桡骨radius
三角突起deltoid process
24额骨frontal bone
26顶间骨interparietal bone
肩胛骨scapula
30肘突elbow process
32肩带pectoral girdle
34 股骨 femur
36髌骨 patella
跖骨metatarsal bone
40腓骨fibula
跗骨 tarsal bone
图Ⅸ-7整体肌腹面观The muscles. Ventral view
图Ⅸ-8整体肌背面观The muscles．Dorsal view
1二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastric muscle 2肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle
3腹直肌rectus abdominis muscle 4股动脉femoral artery
5咬肌masseter muscle 6颌下腺submandibular gland
7胸浅肌prectoral superficialis muscle 8前锯肌serratus anterior muscle
9剑突xiphoid process 10腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen
11阴茎penis 12阴囊scrotum
13耳提肌levator auricularis muscle 14颈阔肌platysma
15肩三角肌shoulder-deltoid muscle 16背阔肌latissimus dorsi muscle
17股直肌rectus femoris muscle 18锁骨提肌levator claidalis muscle
19背斜方肌trapezius dorsi muscle 20臀浅肌gluteus superficialis muscle
21半腱肌semitendinosus muscle
图Ⅸ-9口腔The oral cavity
图Ⅸ-10颈肌与胸肌The muscle of neck and pectoral muscle
1门齿incisor tooth
2硬腭hard palate
3软腭soft palate
4舌根root of tongue
5舌体body of tongue
6舌尖apex of tongue
7颞浅动脉superficial temporal artery
8二腹肌后腹posterior belly of digastric muscle
9胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle
10肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle
11胸浅肌pectoral superficialis muscle
12二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastric muscle
13咬肌masseter muscle
14胸骨舌骨肌stemohyoid muscle
15肩三角肌shoulder-deltoid muscle
16前锯肌serratus anterior muscle
图Ⅸ-11胸、腹腔器官(1)The organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities（1）
图Ⅸ-12胸、腹腔器官（2）The organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities (2)
1肺lung 2 膈diaphragm
3肝中叶middle lobe of liver 4肝右叶right lobe of liver
5小肠small intestine 6股动、静脉femoral artery and vein
7胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle 8胸腺thymus
9心heart 10肝左叶left lobe of liver
I1胃stomach 12脾spleen
13结肠colon 14膀胱urinary bladder
15气管trachea 16咬肌masseter muscle
图Ⅸ-13胸腔器官The organs in the thoracic cavity
图Ⅸ-14心腹面(1)The heart. Ventral aspect（1）
图Ⅸ-15心腹面(2)The heart. Ventral aspect (2)
图Ⅸ-16心背面The heart. Dorsal aspect
1气管trachea
2胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle
3肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle
4肺lung
5膈 diaphragm
6肝中叶middle lobe of liver
7肝右叶right lobe of Iiver
8二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastric muscle
9咬肌masseter muscle
10二腹肌后腹posterior belly of digastric muscle
11胸腺thymus
12心heart
13肝左叶left lobe of liver
14胃stomach
15右心房right atrium
16右心室right ventricle
17喉 larynx
18左心房left atrium
19左心室left ventricle
20心尖cardiac apex
21右锁骨下动脉right subclavian artery
22前腔静脉precaval vein
23右心耳right auricle
24冠状沟coronary sulcus
25颈总动脉common carotid artery
26左锁骨下动脉left subclavian artery
27主动脉aorta
28肺动脉pulmonary artery
29左心耳left auricle
30左冠状动脉left coronary artery
31肺静脉pulmonary vein
32心中静脉middle cardiac vein
33后腔静脉postcaval vein
34冠状窦coronary sinus
35背面室间沟dorsal interventricular groove
图Ⅸ-17腹腔器官（1)The organs in the abdominal cavity（1）
图Ⅸ-18腹腔器官（2)The organs in the abdominal cavity (2)
1胸骨舌骨肌stemohyoid muscle 2肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle
3膈diaphragm 4肝liver
5空肠jejunum 6股动、静脉femoral artery and vein
7阴囊scrotum 8咬肌masseter muscle
9胸乳突肌stemomastoideus muscle 10胸浅肌pectoral superficialis muscle
11剑突xiphoid process 12胃stomach
13脾spleen 14结肠colon
15坐骨神经sciatic nerve 16阴茎penis
17膀胱 urinary bladder 18股直肌rectus femoris muscle
19回肠ileum 20后肠系膜动脉posterior mesenteric artery
21股薄肌gracilis musele
图IX-19腹腔器官（3）The organs in the abdominal cavity (3)
图IX -20腹腔器官（4）The organs in the abdominal cavity (4)
1肋弓costal arch 2小肠small intestine
3 肾 kidney 4阴道vagina
5脂肪fat 6肝liver
7卵巢ovary 8子宫uterus
9直肠rectum 10膀胱urinary bladder
11后腔静脉postcaval vein 12剑突xiphoid process
13肾上腺adrenal gland 14输尿管ureter
图Ⅸ-21肝、胃与脾The liver，stomach and spleen
图Ⅸ-22肝腹面The liver. Ventral aspect
图Ⅸ-23肝背面The liver. Dorsal aspect
1食管esophagus
2幽门pylorus
3肝liver
4胃底fundus of stomach
5胃体body of stomact
6脾spleen
7胰pancreas
8前腔静脉precaval vein
9肝右叶right lobe of liver
10肝左叶left lobe of liver
11肝中叶middle lobe of liver
12肝尾叶caudate lobe of liver
图Ⅸ-24胃The stomach
图Ⅸ-25胃壁内面The wall of stomach. Inner surface
图Ⅸ-26泌尿、生殖器官（♂）The urinary and genital organs（♂）
1食管esophagus
2胃小弯lesser curvature of stomach
3幽门pylorus
4十二指肠duodenum
5胃底fundus of stomach
6贲门cardia
7胃大弯greater curvature of stomach
8胃体body of stomach
9皮区cutaneous region
10肾静脉renal vein
11后腔静脉postcaval vein
12股直肌rectus femoris muscle
13内收肌adductor medial muscle
14阴囊scrotum
15肾上腺adrenal gland
16肾kidney
17输尿管ureter
18精囊seminal vesicle
19脂肪fat
20膀胱 urinary bladder
21阴茎penis
图Ⅸ-27生殖器官（♂）The genital organs（♂）
图Ⅸ-28泌尿、生殖器官（♀）The urinary and genital organs（♀）
1输尿管ureter 2精囊seminal vesicle
3前列腺 prostate 4肾 kidney
5膀胱urinary bladder 6精索spermatic cord
7阴茎penis 8阴囊scrotum
9肾上腺adrenal gland 10卵巢ovary
l1输卵管uterine tube 12阴道vagina
13剑突xiphoid process 14肾静脉renal vein
15后腔静脉postcaval vein 16子官uterus
图Ⅸ-29生殖器官（♀）The genital organs（♀）
图Ⅸ-30脑与脊髓背面(1）The brain and spinal cord. Dorsal aspect（1）
1肾静脉renal vein 2后腔静脉postcaval vein
3卵巢ovary 4输卵管uterine tube
5髂总静脉common iliac vein 6脂肪fat
7肾kidney 8子宫uterus
9阴道vagina 10阴门vulva
11大脑cerebrum 12小脑绒球flocculus of cerebellum
13颈膨大cervical enlargement 14背斜方肌trapezius dorsi muscle
15腰骶膨大lumbosacral enlargement 16终丝filum terminate
17嗅球olfactory bulb 18小脑cerebellum
19小脑蚓vermis 20背阔肌latissimus dorsi muscle
21腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen 22脊髓圆锥conus medullaris
图Ⅸ-31脑与脊髓背面(2)The brain 图Ⅸ-32脑与脊髓腹面The brain and
and spinal cordDorsal aspect (2) spinal cord．Ventral aspect
图Ⅸ-33后肢内侧面The posterior limb. Medial aspect
1大脑炎 cerebrum
2小脑蚓vermis
3腰骶膨大lumbosacral enlargement
4嗅球 olfactory bulb
5小脑cerebellum
6小脑绒球flocculus of cerebcllurn
7颈膨大cervical enlargement
8脊髓圆锥conus medullaris
9终丝filum terminate
10脊神经spinal nerve
II视神经optic nerve
12延髓medulla oblongata
13腹直肌rectus abdoininis muscle
14腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen
15股直肌rectus femoris muscle
16阴茎penis
17 阴囊scrotum
18内收肌 adductor medial muscle
19坐骨神经sciatic nerve
20趾深屈肌flexor digitorum profundus muscle
21腓肠肌 gastrocnemius muscle
2024年3月17日发(作者：施飞舟)
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图Ⅷ-1整体骨骼侧面观The skeleton. Lateral View
图Ⅷ-2整体骨骼左前面观The skeleton. Left anterior view
1肋骨rib
2胸椎thoracic vertebra
3颈椎cervical vertebra
4颅骨cranium
5肩胛骨scapula
6肱骨hiimeius
7桡骨radius
8尺骨ulna
9掌骨metacarpal bone
10指骨digital bone
11腰椎lumbar vertebra
12髂骨ilium
13尾骨coccyx
14股骨femur
15髌骨patella
16腓骨fubula
17胫骨tibia
18跖骨metatarsal bone
19趾骨digital bone
图Ⅷ-3头骨背面The skull．Dorsal aspect
图Ⅷ-4头骨侧面The skull. Lateral aspect
图Ⅷ-5头骨腹面The skull. Ventral aspect
图Ⅷ-6下颌骨侧面The mandible. Lateral aspect
1枕骨occipital bone
2顶间骨interparietal bone
3矢状缝sagittal suture
4颧骨malar bone
5上颌骨maxillary bone
6前颌骨premaxillary bone
7枕外嵴external occipital creat
8顶骨parietal bone
9额骨frontal bone
10鼻骨nasal bone
11鼻间缝internasal suture
12前筛孔preethmoid pore
13蝶腭孔sphenopalatine foramen
14门齿 incisor tooth
15下颌骨mandible
16视神经孔optic foramen
17枕骨occipital bone
18茎突styloid process
19外耳道external acoustic meatus
20颞骨temporal bone
21 腭裂patoschisis
22臼齿molar tooth
23腭骨palatine bone
24翼孔pterygoid apertures
25破裂孔foramen lacerum
26枕大孔foramen magnum
27腭后孔posterior palatine foramen
28鼻后孔posterior nasal apertures
29卵圆孔foramen ovale
30鼓骨tympanic bone
31舌下神经孔hypoglossal foramen
32下颌联合mandibular symphysis
33颏孔mental foramen
34冠状突coronoid process
35下颌支ramus of mandible
36角状突process of horn
37下颌孔mandibular foramen
38翼肌窝pterygoid fossa
39髁突condylar process
图Ⅷ-7颈椎与胸椎背面The cervical 图Ⅷ-9前肢骨背面The bone of
vertebra and thoracic aspect anterior aspect
图Ⅷ-8前肢骨外侧面The bone of anterior
limb. Lateral aspect
1枢椎axis 2第4颈椎4th cervical vertebra
3第6颈椎6th cervical vertebra 4第1胸椎1st thoracic vertebra
5第4胸椎4th thoracic vertebra 6寰椎axis
7第3颈椎3rd cervical vertebra 8第5颈椎5th cervical vertebra
9第7颈椎7th cervical vertebra 10第3胸椎3rd thoracic vertebra
l1肱骨体shaft of humcrus 12桡骨radius
13尺骨ulna 14尺骨茎突styloid process of ulna
15掌骨metacarpal bone 16肱骨头head of hurnerus
l7肘突cubital process 18腕骨carpal bone
19指骨digital bone
图Ⅷ-10股骨前面The femur. 图Ⅷ-11胫骨与腓骨前面The tibia
Anterior aspect and fibula. Anterior aspect
图Ⅷ-12整体肌侧面观The muscles. Lateral view
1大转子greater trochanter
2股骨颈neck of femur
3第三转子third trochanter
4髌骨patella
5股骨头femoral head
G小转子lesser trochanter
7股骨体shaft of femur
8股骨内侧髁medial condyle of femur
9外侧髁lateral condyle
10腓骨fibula
11外踝 lateral malleolus
12跗骨tarsal bone
13胫骨内侧髁medial condyle of tibia
14径骨粗隆tibial tuberosity
15胫骨tibia
I6内踝medial mallcolus
17跖骨metatarsal bone
18斜方肌trapezius muscle
19臀浅肌glutoeus super(icialis muscle
20股直肌rectus femoris muscle
21腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen
22背阔肌latissimus dorsi muscle
23肩斜方肌shoulder-trapezius muscle
24大圆肌teres major muscle
25肩三角肌shoulder-deltoid muscle
26前锯肌serratus anterior muscle
图Ⅷ-13整体肌背面观The muscles. Dorsal view
图Ⅷ-14整体肌腹面观The muscles. Ventral view
1锁骨提肌levator clavicle muscle
2肩三角肌shoulder-deltoid muscle
3肱三头肌triceps brachii muscle
4臀浅肌gluteus suferficidlis muscle
5股直肌rectus femoris muscle
6腓肠肌gastrocnemius muscle
7夹肌splenius muscle
8颈菱形肌rhomboideus cervicis muscle
9胸菱形肌rhomboideus pectoralis muscle
10背阔肌latissimus dorsi muscle
11腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen
12股二头肌biceps femoris muscle
13半腱肌semitendinosus muscle
14二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastric muscle
15二腹肌后腹posterior belly of digastric muscle
16胸骨舌骨肌sternohyoid muscle
17肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle
18腹直肌rectus abdominis muscle
19股动、静脉femoral artery and femoral vein
20阴囊scrotum
21咬肌masseter muscle
22胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle
23肩三角肌shoulder-deltoid muscle
24桡侧腕伸肌extensor carpi radialis muscle
25指总伸肌extensor digitorum communis muscle
26尺侧腕伸肌extensor carpi ulnaris muscle
27胸浅肌pectoral superficialis muscle
28前锯肌serratus anterior muscle
29股内侧肌vastus medialis muscle
30耻骨肌pectineus muscle
31长收肌adductor longus muscle
32股薄肌gracilis muscle
图Ⅷ-15头、颈部侧面The head and neck. Lateral aspect
1颞浅动、静脉superficial temporal artery and vein 2眶
上静脉supraorbitalvein
3面横动、静脉transverse facial artery and vein 4下颌缘神经marginalmandibular nerv
e
5面后静脉posterior facial vein
6面前静脉anterior facial vein
7颈外静脉external jugular vein
图Ⅷ-16口腔（1)The oral cavity（1）
1颞浅动、静脉superficial temporal artery and vein 2眶上静脉supraorbitalvein
3面横动、静脉transverse facial artery and vein 4下颌缘神经marginalmandibular nerve
5面后静脉posterior facial vein 6面前静脉anterior facial vein
7颈外静脉external jugular vein 8硬腭褶fold of hard palate
9臼齿molar tooth 10门齿incisor tooth
11软腭soft palate 12舌根root of tongue
13舌体body of tongue 14舌尖apex of tongue
图Ⅷ-17 口腔（2)The oral cavity (2)
图Ⅷ-18脑与脊髓背面The brain and 图Ⅷ-19脑与脊髓腹面The brain and
spinal aspect spinal cordVentral aspect
1 喉口aperture of larynx
2舌根root of tongue
3舌尖apex of tongue
5软腭soft palate
7臼齿molar tooth
9嗅球olfactory bulb
1l绒球flocculus 12
13腰膨大lumbar enlargement
15大脑cerebrum 16
17脊髓圆锥courts medullaris
19脑桥pons 20
21嗅束olfactory tract
23三叉神经trigeminal nerve
4硬腭褶fold of hard palate
6会厌epiglottis
8舌体body of tongue
10中央纵裂central longitudinal fissue
颈膨大cervical enlargement
14外侧纵沟lateral longitudinal sulcus
小脑（中央部）cerebellum (central part）
18 脑垂体 pituitary gland
延髓 myelencephalon
22视神经optic nerve
图Ⅷ-20磁共振冠状面定位像（1)The scout view of coronal images（1）
图Ⅷ-21磁共振冠状面定位像（2）The scout view of coronal images（2)
1眼球eyeball
2嗅脑rhinencephalon
3大脑皮层cerebral cortex
4大脑镰cerebral faix
5鼻旁窦paranasal sinus
6纵裂longitudinal fissure
冠状面T
1
加权像，颞颌关节线圈，
SE序列，层厚3.0mm，无间隔，
TR=500rns，TE=20ms。
扫描方向：从背侧向腹侧。
图Ⅷ-22磁共振冠状面定位像（3）The scout view of coronal images (3)
海马区
中脑
天幕
额顶叶皮层
颞叶皮层
小脑
图Ⅷ-23磁共振冠状面定位像（4)The scout view of coronal images (4)
图Ⅷ-24磁共振冠状面定位像（5)The scout view of coronal images (5)
1海马结构hippocampal formation
2中脑midbrain
3天幕tentorium
4额顶叶皮层frontoparietal cortex
5颞叶皮层temporal cortex
G小脑cerebellum
7 颞骨lemporal bone
8脑桥pons
9舌tongue
10咬肌masseter muscle
11下颌骨mandible
12咽pharynx
图Ⅷ-25颈肌与胸肌（1)The muscle of neck and pectoral muscle（1）
图Ⅷ-26颈肌与胸肌（2）The muscle of neck and pectoral muscle (2)
1二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastrc muscle 2胸骨舌骨肌sternohyoid muscle
3胸浅肌pectoral suferficialis muscle 4二腹肌后腹posterior belly of digastric muscle
5咬肌masseter muscle 6胸乳突肌stemomastoideus muscle
7淋巴结lymph nodes 8肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle
9桡神经radial nerve 10正中神经median nerve
11背阔肌latissimus dorsi muscle 12肩胛舌骨肌omohyoid muscle
13腋神经axillary nerve 14胸深肌pectoral profundus muscle
图Ⅷ-27腹肌The abdominal muscle
图Ⅷ-28胸、腹腔器官The organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities
1腹直肌rectus abdominis muscle
2 股动、静脉femoral artery. femoral vein
3阴茎penis
4阴囊scrotum
5胸浅肌pectoral suferficialis muscle
6腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen
7股直肌rectus femoris muscle
8股内侧肌vastus medialis muscle
9耻骨肌pectineus muscle
10长收肌adductor longus muscle
11股薄肌gracilis muscle
12半腱肌semitendinous muscle
13咬肌masseter muscle
14胸骨舌骨肌sternohyoid muscle
15胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle
16肩胛横肌transverses scapulae muscle
17胸腺thymus
18心heart
19肺lung
20 膈diaphragm
21十二指肠duodenum
22空肠jejunmn
23 膀胱 urinary bladder
24二腹肌后腹posterior belly of digastric muscle
25脾spleen
26结肠colon
27回肠ileum
28股静脉 femoral vein
29前列腺prostate
图Ⅷ-29心腹面The heart. Ventral aspect
1右颈内动脉right internal carotid artery
2右颈外动脉right external carotid artery
3右锁骨下动脉 right subclavian artery
4右心房right atrium
5冠状沟coronary sulcus
6右心室right ventricle
7心尖cardiac apex
8左颈内动脉left internal cartoid artery
9左颈外动脉 left external cartoid artery
10主动脉弓aortic arch
11左心房left atrium
12左心室left ventricle
图Ⅷ-30心背面The heart. Dorsal aspect
3右锁骨下动脉 right subclavian artery
4右心房right atrium
5冠状沟coronary sulcus
6右心室right ventricle
7心尖cardiac apex
8左颈内动脉left internal cartoid artery
9左颈外动脉 left external cartoid artery
10主动脉弓aortic arch
11左心房left atrium
12左心室left ventricle
13肺动脉右支right branch of pulmonary artery
14肺静脉pulmonary vein
15前腔静脉precavalvein
16肺动脉左支left branch of pulmonary art 7tery
17后腔静脉postcaval vein
图Ⅷ-31左心房与左心室The left atrium and left ventricle
11左心房left atrium
12左心室left ventricle
13肺动脉右支right branch of pulmonary artery
14肺静脉pulmonary vein
15前腔静脉precavalvein
16肺动脉左支left branch of pulmonary art 7tery
17后腔静脉postcaval vein
18心中静脉 middle cardiac vein
19头臂动脉brachiocephalic artery
20主动脉弓aortic arch
21乳头肌papillary muscles
22左颈总动脉left common carotid artery
23左锁骨下动脉left subclavian artery
24右前腔静脉right precaval vein
25心外膜extracardium
图Ⅷ-32右心房和右心室The right atrium and right ventricle
4右心房right atrium
5冠状沟coronary sulcus
6右心室right ventricle
7心尖cardiac apex
8左颈内动脉left internal cartoid artery
9左颈外动脉 left external cartoid artery
10主动脉弓aortic arch
11左心房left atrium
12左心室left ventricle
13肺动脉右支right branch of pulmonary artery
14肺静脉pulmonary vein
15前腔静脉precavalvein
16肺动脉左支left branch of pulmonary art 7tery
17后腔静脉postcaval vein
18心中静脉 middle cardiac vein
19头臂动脉brachiocephalic artery
20主动脉弓aortic arch
21乳头肌papillary muscles
22左颈总动脉left common carotid artery
23左锁骨下动脉left subclavian artery
24右前腔静脉right precaval vein
25心外膜extracardium
26肺动脉pulmonary artery
27心内膜endocardiurn
28心肌层myocardium
图Ⅷ-33颈总动脉The common carotid artery
图Ⅷ-34主动脉弓The aorta arch
1舌动脉lingual artery
2甲状腺thyroid gland
3迷走交感神经链vagosympathetic chain
4颈外静脉external jugular vein
5颈总动脉common carotid artery
6锁骨下动脉subclavian artery
7无名动脉anonyma artery
8主动脉弓aorta arch
9颌外动脉external maxillary artery
10耳前动脉anterior auricular artery
11甲状腺上动脉superior thyroid artery
12颈动脉干carotiq trunk
13腋动脉axillary artery
14左心耳left auricle
15前腔静脉precaval vein
16面后静脉posterior facial vein
17面前静脉anterior facial vein
18臂神经丛brachial plexus
19胸外侧动脉external thoracicartery
20椎动脉vertebral artery
21肋颈动脉干costocervicaltrunk
图Ⅷ-35胸主动脉The thoracic aorta
1甲状腺thyroid gland
3颈总动脉common carotid artery
5无名动脉innominate artery
7后腔静脉postcaval vein
9颈动脉干carotid trunk
11腋动脉axillary artery
13椎动脉vertebral artery
15主动脉弓aorta arch
17胸主动脉thoracic aorta
19食管esophagus
2迷走交感神经链vagosympathetic chain
4锁骨下动脉subclavian artery
6前腔静脉precaval vein
8 膈 diaphragm
10臂神经丛brachial plexus
12胸外侧动脉lateral thoracic artery
14肋颈动脉干costocervical trunk
16肺动脉pulmonary artery
18肋间动脉intercostal artery
图Ⅷ-37腹腔器官（2）The organs in the abdominal cavity (2)
图Ⅷ-38腹腔器官（3)The organs in the abdominal cavity (3）
肝
胃
胰
脾
1肝右中叶right middle lobe of liver 2肝右外叶right lateral lobe of liver
3横结肠transverse colon 4大网膜greater omentnm
5空肠jejunum 6剑突xiphoid process
7肝左中叶left middle lobe of liver 8肝左外叶left lateral lobe of liver
9胃stomach 10脾spleen
1l脂肪fat 12肝liver
13胰pancreas 14结肠colon
图Ⅷ-39腹腔器官（4）The organs in the abdominal cavity (4)
图Ⅷ-40腹腔器官（5）The organs in the abdominal cavity (5)
1肝右中叶 right middle lobe of l iver 2肝右外叶right lateral lobe of liver
3小肠small intestine 4大网膜greater omentum
5结肠colon 6胸腺thymus
7肺lung 8心heart
9 膈 diaphragm l0肝左中叶left middle lobe of liver
11肝左外叶left lateral lobe of liver 12胃stomach
13脾spleen 14附睾epididymis
15睾丸testis 16阴茎penis
17股动、静脉femoral artery and vein
图Ⅷ-41腹腔器官（6)The organs in the abdominal cavity (6)
肾上腺
肾
图Ⅷ-42胃The stomach 图Ⅷ-43胃壁内面The wall of stomach. Inner surface
1膈diaphragm
2前腔静脉precaval vein
3胸腺thymus
4肺lung
5心heart
6肾上腺adrenal gland
7肾kidney
8肾门静脉renal portal vein
9精索内静脉internal spermatic vein
10髂腰静脉iliolumbar vein
11膀胱urinary bladder
12十二指肠duodenum
13幽门pylorus
14胃大弯greater curvature of stomach
15食管esophagus
16胃底fundus of stomach
17胃小弯lesser curvature of stomach
18胃体body of stomach
19贲门pylorus
20胃粘膜皮区cutaneous part of gastric mucous
21胃粘膜腺区glandular part of gastric mucous
图Ⅷ-44空肠、回肠与盲肠腹面观The jejunum, ileum and cecum. Ventral view
图Ⅷ-45空肠、回肠与盲肠背面观The jejunum, ileum and cecum. Dorsal view
回肠
空肠
结肠
1空肠jejunum
2横结肠transverse colon
3升结肠ascending colon
4盲肠cecum
5腹壁浅动脉superficial epigastric artery
6隐动脉saphenous artery
7隐大静脉great saphenous vein
8肝liver
9胃stomach
10脾spleen
11降结肠descending colon
12 膀胱 urinary bladder
13尾中动脉middle coccygeal artery
14回肠ileum
15盲肠尖apex of cecum
16盲肠体body of cecum
17盲肠基部base of cecum
图Ⅷ-46生殖器官（♀）（1）The genital organs（♀）（1）
图Ⅷ-47生殖器官（♀）（2)The genital organs（♀）(2)
1小肠small intestine 2输卵管uterine tube
3脂肪fat 4胃stomach
5子宫角horn of uterus 6直肠rectum
7膀胱urinary bladder 8脾spleen
9子宫体body of uterus
图Ⅷ-50生殖器官（♂）（3）The genital organs（♂）(3)
图Ⅷ-51生殖器官（♂）（4)The genital organs（♂）(4)
1直肠rectum 2膀胱urinary bladder
3肾kidney 4脂肪fat
5精囊seminal vesicle 6前列腺prostate
7阴茎penis 8 附睾 epididymis
9精索spermatic cord
图Ⅷ-52生殖器官（♂）（5）The genital organs（♂）(5)
图Ⅷ-53腹主动脉及其分支The abdominal aorta and branches
1 直肠 rectum
2精囊seminal vesicle
3 膀胱urinary bladder
4前列腺prostate
5精索spermatic cord
6阴茎penis
7 附睾epididymis
8睾丸testis
9膈diaphragm
10后腔静脉postcaval vein
11腹腔动脉celiac artery
12肾动脉renal artery
13右肾 right kidkey
14前肠系膜动脉anterior mesenteric artery
15精索内动脉internal spermatic artery
16输尿管ureter
17髂腰动、静脉iliolumbar artery and vein
18髂总动脉common iliac artery
19贮精囊vesicula seminalis
20隐动脉saphenous artery
21食管esophagus
22膈下动脉inferior phrenic artery
23肾上腺adrenal glands
24肾上腺上动脉superior adrenal artery
25左肾left kidney
26后肠系膜动脉posterior mesenteric artery
27髂外动脉external iliac artery
28股动脉femoral artery
29腹壁阴部动脉干arterial epigastro-pudendal trunk
30输精管ductus deferens
图Ⅷ-56前肢内侧面The anterior limb. Medial aspect
图Ⅷ-57后肢内侧面(1)The posterior limb. Medial aspect（1）
1腋神经axillary nerve 2桡神经radial nerve
3头静脉cephalic vein 4正中神经median nerve
5正中动脉median artery 6肌支muscular branch
7尺神经ulnar nerve 8臂动脉brachial artery
9胸长神经long thoracic nerve 10胸外侧动脉external thoracic artery
I1颈总动脉common carotid artery 12主动脉弓aorta arch
13左心耳left auricle 14右心耳right auricle
15食管esophagus 16胸主动脉thoracic aorta
17腹壁浅动脉superficial epigastric artery 18腹壁浅静脉superficial epigastric vein
19隐动脉saphenous artery 20隐大静脉great saphenous vein
图Ⅸ-1整体骨骼侧面观The skeleton. Lateral view
图Ⅸ-2整体骨骼背面观The skeleton. Dorsal view
1背肋dorsal rib 2胸椎thoracic vertebra
3颈椎cerical vertebra 4顶间骨interparietal bone
5顶骨parietal bone 6额骨frontal bone
7鼻骨nasal bone 8锁骨clavicle
9肩胛骨scapula 10肱骨hemerus
11髌骨patella 12腰椎lumbar vertebra
13荐椎sacral vertebra 14尾椎caudal vertebra
15坐骨ischium 16髂骨ilium
17股骨femur 18腓骨fibula
19胫骨tibia 20跖骨metatarsal bone
21趾骨digital bone 22胸肋sternal rib
23头骨skull 24指骨digital bone
25桡骨radius
图Ⅸ-3背柱背面The vertebral column. Dorsal aspect
图Ⅸ-4胸廓背面The thorax．Dorsal aspect
图Ⅸ -5前肢骨内侧面The bone of 图Ⅸ-6后肢骨外侧面The bone of
anterior aspect posterior l aspect
1枢椎axis 2
3第II胸椎I Ith thoraac vertebra
5第6腰椎6th lumbar vertebra
7闭孔obturator foramen
9第7颈椎seventh cervical vertebra
1l背肋dorsal rib
13髂骨ilium 14
15坐骨ischimn 16
17指骨digital bone
19腕骨carpal bone
21尺骨ulna 22
23鼻骨nasal bone
25顶骨parietal bone
27肱骨hemerus 28
29肱骨头head of humerus
31肩胛冈spine of scapula
33大转子greater trochanter
35胫侧髁tibiale condyle
37胫骨tibia 38
39股骨头head of femur
41跟骨calcaneus 42
43趾骨digital bone
胸椎thoracic vertebra
4第1腰椎I st lumbar vertebra
6耻骨pubis
8寰椎atlas
10胸肋sternal rib
12第4腰椎4th lumbar
荐椎sacral vertebra
尾椎caudal vertebra
18掌骨metacarp at bone
20桡骨radius
三角突起deltoid process
24额骨frontal bone
26顶间骨interparietal bone
肩胛骨scapula
30肘突elbow process
32肩带pectoral girdle
34 股骨 femur
36髌骨 patella
跖骨metatarsal bone
40腓骨fibula
跗骨 tarsal bone
图Ⅸ-7整体肌腹面观The muscles. Ventral view
图Ⅸ-8整体肌背面观The muscles．Dorsal view
1二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastric muscle 2肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle
3腹直肌rectus abdominis muscle 4股动脉femoral artery
5咬肌masseter muscle 6颌下腺submandibular gland
7胸浅肌prectoral superficialis muscle 8前锯肌serratus anterior muscle
9剑突xiphoid process 10腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen
11阴茎penis 12阴囊scrotum
13耳提肌levator auricularis muscle 14颈阔肌platysma
15肩三角肌shoulder-deltoid muscle 16背阔肌latissimus dorsi muscle
17股直肌rectus femoris muscle 18锁骨提肌levator claidalis muscle
19背斜方肌trapezius dorsi muscle 20臀浅肌gluteus superficialis muscle
21半腱肌semitendinosus muscle
图Ⅸ-9口腔The oral cavity
图Ⅸ-10颈肌与胸肌The muscle of neck and pectoral muscle
1门齿incisor tooth
2硬腭hard palate
3软腭soft palate
4舌根root of tongue
5舌体body of tongue
6舌尖apex of tongue
7颞浅动脉superficial temporal artery
8二腹肌后腹posterior belly of digastric muscle
9胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle
10肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle
11胸浅肌pectoral superficialis muscle
12二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastric muscle
13咬肌masseter muscle
14胸骨舌骨肌stemohyoid muscle
15肩三角肌shoulder-deltoid muscle
16前锯肌serratus anterior muscle
图Ⅸ-11胸、腹腔器官(1)The organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities（1）
图Ⅸ-12胸、腹腔器官（2）The organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities (2)
1肺lung 2 膈diaphragm
3肝中叶middle lobe of liver 4肝右叶right lobe of liver
5小肠small intestine 6股动、静脉femoral artery and vein
7胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle 8胸腺thymus
9心heart 10肝左叶left lobe of liver
I1胃stomach 12脾spleen
13结肠colon 14膀胱urinary bladder
15气管trachea 16咬肌masseter muscle
图Ⅸ-13胸腔器官The organs in the thoracic cavity
图Ⅸ-14心腹面(1)The heart. Ventral aspect（1）
图Ⅸ-15心腹面(2)The heart. Ventral aspect (2)
图Ⅸ-16心背面The heart. Dorsal aspect
1气管trachea
2胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle
3肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle
4肺lung
5膈 diaphragm
6肝中叶middle lobe of liver
7肝右叶right lobe of Iiver
8二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastric muscle
9咬肌masseter muscle
10二腹肌后腹posterior belly of digastric muscle
11胸腺thymus
12心heart
13肝左叶left lobe of liver
14胃stomach
15右心房right atrium
16右心室right ventricle
17喉 larynx
18左心房left atrium
19左心室left ventricle
20心尖cardiac apex
21右锁骨下动脉right subclavian artery
22前腔静脉precaval vein
23右心耳right auricle
24冠状沟coronary sulcus
25颈总动脉common carotid artery
26左锁骨下动脉left subclavian artery
27主动脉aorta
28肺动脉pulmonary artery
29左心耳left auricle
30左冠状动脉left coronary artery
31肺静脉pulmonary vein
32心中静脉middle cardiac vein
33后腔静脉postcaval vein
34冠状窦coronary sinus
35背面室间沟dorsal interventricular groove
图Ⅸ-17腹腔器官（1)The organs in the abdominal cavity（1）
图Ⅸ-18腹腔器官（2)The organs in the abdominal cavity (2)
1胸骨舌骨肌stemohyoid muscle 2肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle
3膈diaphragm 4肝liver
5空肠jejunum 6股动、静脉femoral artery and vein
7阴囊scrotum 8咬肌masseter muscle
9胸乳突肌stemomastoideus muscle 10胸浅肌pectoral superficialis muscle
11剑突xiphoid process 12胃stomach
13脾spleen 14结肠colon
15坐骨神经sciatic nerve 16阴茎penis
17膀胱 urinary bladder 18股直肌rectus femoris muscle
19回肠ileum 20后肠系膜动脉posterior mesenteric artery
21股薄肌gracilis musele
图IX-19腹腔器官（3）The organs in the abdominal cavity (3)
图IX -20腹腔器官（4）The organs in the abdominal cavity (4)
1肋弓costal arch 2小肠small intestine
3 肾 kidney 4阴道vagina
5脂肪fat 6肝liver
7卵巢ovary 8子宫uterus
9直肠rectum 10膀胱urinary bladder
11后腔静脉postcaval vein 12剑突xiphoid process
13肾上腺adrenal gland 14输尿管ureter
图Ⅸ-21肝、胃与脾The liver，stomach and spleen
图Ⅸ-22肝腹面The liver. Ventral aspect
图Ⅸ-23肝背面The liver. Dorsal aspect
1食管esophagus
2幽门pylorus
3肝liver
4胃底fundus of stomach
5胃体body of stomact
6脾spleen
7胰pancreas
8前腔静脉precaval vein
9肝右叶right lobe of liver
10肝左叶left lobe of liver
11肝中叶middle lobe of liver
12肝尾叶caudate lobe of liver
图Ⅸ-24胃The stomach
图Ⅸ-25胃壁内面The wall of stomach. Inner surface
图Ⅸ-26泌尿、生殖器官（♂）The urinary and genital organs（♂）
1食管esophagus
2胃小弯lesser curvature of stomach
3幽门pylorus
4十二指肠duodenum
5胃底fundus of stomach
6贲门cardia
7胃大弯greater curvature of stomach
8胃体body of stomach
9皮区cutaneous region
10肾静脉renal vein
11后腔静脉postcaval vein
12股直肌rectus femoris muscle
13内收肌adductor medial muscle
14阴囊scrotum
15肾上腺adrenal gland
16肾kidney
17输尿管ureter
18精囊seminal vesicle
19脂肪fat
20膀胱 urinary bladder
21阴茎penis
图Ⅸ-27生殖器官（♂）The genital organs（♂）
图Ⅸ-28泌尿、生殖器官（♀）The urinary and genital organs（♀）
1输尿管ureter 2精囊seminal vesicle
3前列腺 prostate 4肾 kidney
5膀胱urinary bladder 6精索spermatic cord
7阴茎penis 8阴囊scrotum
9肾上腺adrenal gland 10卵巢ovary
l1输卵管uterine tube 12阴道vagina
13剑突xiphoid process 14肾静脉renal vein
15后腔静脉postcaval vein 16子官uterus
图Ⅸ-29生殖器官（♀）The genital organs（♀）
图Ⅸ-30脑与脊髓背面(1）The brain and spinal cord. Dorsal aspect（1）
1肾静脉renal vein 2后腔静脉postcaval vein
3卵巢ovary 4输卵管uterine tube
5髂总静脉common iliac vein 6脂肪fat
7肾kidney 8子宫uterus
9阴道vagina 10阴门vulva
11大脑cerebrum 12小脑绒球flocculus of cerebellum
13颈膨大cervical enlargement 14背斜方肌trapezius dorsi muscle
15腰骶膨大lumbosacral enlargement 16终丝filum terminate
17嗅球olfactory bulb 18小脑cerebellum
19小脑蚓vermis 20背阔肌latissimus dorsi muscle
21腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen 22脊髓圆锥conus medullaris
图Ⅸ-31脑与脊髓背面(2)The brain 图Ⅸ-32脑与脊髓腹面The brain and
and spinal cordDorsal aspect (2) spinal cord．Ventral aspect
图Ⅸ-33后肢内侧面The posterior limb. Medial aspect
1大脑炎 cerebrum
2小脑蚓vermis
3腰骶膨大lumbosacral enlargement
4嗅球 olfactory bulb
5小脑cerebellum
6小脑绒球flocculus of cerebcllurn
7颈膨大cervical enlargement
8脊髓圆锥conus medullaris
9终丝filum terminate
10脊神经spinal nerve
II视神经optic nerve
12延髓medulla oblongata
13腹直肌rectus abdoininis muscle
14腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen
15股直肌rectus femoris muscle
16阴茎penis
17 阴囊scrotum
18内收肌 adductor medial muscle
19坐骨神经sciatic nerve
20趾深屈肌flexor digitorum profundus muscle
21腓肠肌 gastrocnemius muscle