2024年3月18日发(作者：定葛)
13、浅表淋巴结[superficial lymph nodes]
·浅表淋巴结未扪及[be no palpable superficial lymph nodes (…
can not be palpated)]
·淋巴结肿大[enlarged lymph nodes (lymphnode enlargement)]
·部位[site]
▲全身（局部）[general (local)]
▲耳前（后）淋巴结[pre(post)-auricular nodes]
▲枕后淋巴结[occipital nodes]
▲颏下淋巴结[submental nodes]
▲下颌淋巴结[submaxillary nodes]
▲颈前（后）淋巴结[anterior (posterior) cervical nodes]
▲锁骨上淋巴结[supraclavicular nodes]
▲滑车上淋巴结[epitrochlear nodes]
▲腋窝上（内侧，前，后，外侧）淋巴结[axillary top
(medial,anterior,posterior,lateral)]
▲腹股沟淋巴结（横组，纵组）[inguinal nodes (transverse
group,longitudinal group) lymphnode]
·大小[size]
▲4×2cm大小[4 by 2 cm in diameter (size)]
▲米粒（豌豆，核桃，小指，拇指，拳头，手掌，鸡蛋）大
小[size of a rice grain
(pea,walnut,small,ringer,thumb,fist,palm,hen’s egg)]
▲针头大小[pinhead size]
▲苹果大小[size of an apple]
▲小孩头（成人大小）[size of a(n) infant’s(man’s) head]
·形态[shape]
▲不规则[irregular]
▲结节（颗粒、纺锤）状的[tuberous (granular,spindle-shaped)]
▲光滑（粗糙）的[smooth (coarse)]
▲平坦（凹凸不平）的[flat (uneven)]
▲球（椭园，卵园，园）形的[globular (elliptical,oval,circular)]
·硬度和活动度[hardness and mobility]
▲硬（软）[hard (soft)]
▲石头（骨）样硬[of stone-like (bone-like)]
▲可活动（固定）的[movable (fixed)]
▲与周围组织（结构）固定[be fixed to the surrounding tissues
(structures)]
▲压痛[tenderness]
▲融合（粘连）[fusion (adhesion)]
▲肿胀（疤痕）[swelling (fistula)]
第七章 体检（头颈部）[Physical examination(head and neck)]
1、头颅[cranium,skull]
·头颅变形[deforming skull]
·头形（围）[head contour (circumference)]
·小颅（尖颅，巨颅）[microcephalism (acrocephalia,large skull)]
·长（短）头[dolichocephalia (brachycephalism)]
·方（塔）颅[squared (tower) skull]
·落日现象[sitting sun phenomenon]
·颅缝[cranial suture]
·前（后）囟门[anterior (posterior) fontanel]
·囟门膨出（塌陷）[bulging (edpressed) fontanel]
·囟门晚（早）闭[delayded (earlier) closure of the fontanel]
2、眼球[eyeball]
·眼球浮动[ocular bobbing]
·眼球破裂[eyeball rupture]
·眼球穿孔伤[ocular-perforating injury]
·眼球内异物[intralcular foreign body]
·眼距增宽（变窄）[ocular hypertelorism (hypotelorism)]
·眼球萎缩[atrophy of eyeball]
·眼球突出（凹陷）[exophthalmos (enophthalmos)]
·眼球震颤[nystagmus]
·眼球固定[eyeball fixation (stare)]
·眼球活动受限[limitation of eye movement]
·假眼[ocular prosthesis]
·眼外肌运动[extraocular movements]
3、眼睑[eyelids]
·睑内（外）翻[entropion (ectropion)]
·流泪[lacrimation]
·上睑下垂[ptosis]
·眼睑痉挛（松驰）[blepharospasm (blepharo-chalasis)]
·眼睑水肿（红肿）[edema (redness and swelling) of the eyelids]
·瞬目过少[nictitation diminution(lid lag )]
·瞬目过多[frequent nictitation (blinking)]
·眼裂缩小（增宽）[blepharophimosis (blepharodia stasis)]
·眼睑充血[blepharal hyperemia]
·泪囊[lacrimal sac ]
·睫毛反射[eyelash reflexes]
·压眶反射[reaction to pressure on the supraocular notch]
·皱眉（皱额，闭目）[raise eyebrows (wrinkle forehead,force
eyelids closing)]
4、结膜[conjunctive]
·结膜反射[conjunctival reflexes]
·充血[congestion]
·红（白）[redness (pallor)]
·球结膜水肿[chemosis]
·结膜滤泡（滤泡增生）[conjunctival follicle (folliculosis)]
·沙眼[trachoma]
·胬肉[pterygium]
·水样（脓性）分泌物[watery (purulent) discharge]
5、角膜和巩膜[cornea and sclerae]
·角膜反射[corneal reflexes]
·角膜混浊[cornea opacity]
·透明（不透明）的[transparent (opaque)]
·异物[foreign body]
·老年环[arcus senilis]
·溃疡（穿孔）[ulcer (perferation)]
·黄染（无黄染）[stained yellow (anicteric)]
6、瞳孔[pupil]
·右眼[OD (oculus dextet)]
·左眼[OS (oculus sinister)]
·2mm大小[2mm in size]
·等大等园[be equal and round ]
·瞳孔大小不一[unevenness of pupils (anisocoria)]
·固定[fixed]
·瞳孔缩小[contraction of pupils (miosis)]
·瞳孔散大[dilation of pupils (platycoria)]
·瞳孔畸形（闭锁）[deformity (seclusion) of pupils]
·直接（间接）对光反射[direct (consensual) response to light]
·瞳孔对光反射（佳）（差）[good (poor) light reflex of pupils]
·对光反射存在[retain light reflexes]
·调节反射[accommodation reflex]
·辐辏反射[convergence reflex]
7、视力和视野[Vision and Visual fields]
·视力模糊（减退，差）[blurred (impaired, poor) Vision]
·弱视[amblyopia]
·复视[double vision (diplopia)]
·斜视[strabismus]
·麻痹性斜视[paralytic squint]
·偏盲[hemiscotosis]
·失明[amaurosis (blindness)]
·夜盲[night blindness]
·色盲[color blindness]
·全色盲[achromatopsia]
·绿（蓝）色盲[achromatopsia green(blue) blindness]
·红-绿色盲[red-green blindness]
·色弱[color weakness]
·远视[far-sightedness (far –sighted,hyeropia)]
·近视[short-sightedness (short-sighted,nearsightedness,myopia)]
·右（左）眼200度[200 degree,OD(OS)]
·左（右）眼视力[OS(OD) vision]
·视野完整[full (intact) visual fields]
·象限视野缺损[tetarfanopia]
·单侧（双颞侧）缺损[unilateral (bitemporal) defect]
·视野缺损[visual field defect]
·视野缩小[contraction of visual field]
8、眼底和眼压[fundus and intraocular pressure]
·眼底镜检查[fundoscopy (ophthalmoscopy)]
·眼底清晰[fundi are clear]
·小动脉（小静脉）[arteriole (venule)]
·小动脉狭窄[narrow arteriole]
·小动脉硬化[arteriolosclerosis]
·微动脉瘤[microaneurysm]
·动静脉压迹[A-V nicking]
·点状（头焰样）出血[punctate (flame) hemorrhage]
·视乳头色素沉着[pigmentation of disc (retina)]
·视神经乳头（视神经）水肿[papilledema (papilloedema)]
·视乳头凹陷（苍白）[excavation (pallor) of optic disc]
·视网膜出血（水肿，渗出）[retinal hemorrhage
(edema,exudation)]
·视网膜色素变性[pigmentary degeneration of retina]
·视网膜剥离[retinodialysis]
·视网膜变性（损伤）[retinal degeneration (injury)]
·测眼压[intraocular pressure measurement]
·眼压升高（降低）[increase (decrease) of intraocular pressure]
9、耳廓和外耳道[pinna and external canal]
·红（肿、痛，压痛）[redness (swelling,pain,tenderness)]
·糜烂（渗出物，脓性分泌物）[erosion (exudate,purulent
discharge)]
·疱疹（瘘管，小水疱，血疱）[herpes (fistula,visicle,blood
blisters)]
·狭窄（闭锁）[stenosis (clausura)]
·耵聍（耵聍栓塞，耵聍过多）[cerumen (ceruminal
impaction,ceruminosis)]
·耳疖[furuncle of ear ]
·耳化脓（溢脓）[otopyosis (otopyorrhea)]
·耳廓假性囊肿[pseudocyst of auricle]
·外耳道异物[foreign body of external auditory canal]
·耵聍钩（钳）[cerumen hook (forceps)]
10、鼓膜[tympanic membrane (drum)]
·光反射[light reflex]
·红色（粉红色，苍白）[be red (pink,pale)]
·鼓膜内陷[otopiesis (indrawing of drum)]
·鼓膜膨出[umbo (bulge of drum)]
·鼓膜穿孔（粘连）[perforation (adherence) of drum]
·中央（周围）性穿孔[central (marginal) perforation]
·鼓膜破裂[myringorupture]
·鼓膜增厚（充血，疤痕，疱疹，肉芽）[hypertrophy
(congestation,scar,herpes,granulation) of drum]
·鼓室积水（血）[hydrotympanum (hematotympanum)]
11、听力[audition (hearing)]
·听觉过敏（减退）[hyperacusis (hypoacusis)]
·听觉不良（迟钝，障碍）[dysacousis (bradyacusia, dysacusis)]
·听觉域[auditory sensation area]
·听力正常[normal hearing]
·听力（觉）迟钝[auditus depression (amblyacousia)]
·听力障碍[dysaudia]
·听力丧失[hearing loss (disability)]
·传导性（神经性，感音神经性）耳聋[conductive
(neural,sensorineural) deafness]
·老年性耳聋[presbycusis]
·音叉试验[tuning fork test]
·秒表（耳语）听力检查[stopwatch (whisper) audiometry]
·韦伯氏试验（骨导偏向试验）[Weber’s test]
·任内氏试验（气骨导听力比较试验）[Rinne’s test]
·施瓦巴赫氏试验（骨导对比试验）[Schwabach’s test]
12、鼻[nose]
·酒渣鼻[rosacea]
·鞍（蛙状）鼻[saddle(frog) nose]
·畸形（肿胀，溃疡）[deformity (swelling,ulcer)]
·鼻翼扇动[flaring (movement) of alae nasi (nasal ala flap)]
·鼻骨骨折[fracture of nasal bone]
·鼻疖[nasal furuncle]
·鼻道狭窄[rhinostenosis (stenosis of nasal canal)]
·流涕[running nose]
·鼻粘膜干燥（苍白，红）[dry (pale,red ) mucosa]
·鼻腔异物[nasal foreign body]
·鼻粘膜萎缩（肥厚，肿胀）[nasal mucosa atrophy
(hypertrophy,swelling)]
·鼻孔（甲）[naris (turbinates)]
·上（中、下）鼻甲[superior (middle,inferior ) turbinates]
·鼻塞[nasal obstruction]
·鼻中隔偏移（穿孔，肿胀，血肿，溃疡）[deviation
(perforation,swelling,hematoma,ulcer) of nasal septum]
·鼻（副鼻）窦[nasal (paranasal) sinus]
·额（上颌，蝶，筛）窦[frontal (maxillary,sphenoid,ethmoid) sinus]
·鼻窦压痛[tenderness over sinuses]
·鼻镜检查[rhinoscopy]
13、嗅觉[smell (scent)]
·嗅觉减退（敏锐）[hyposmia (oxyosmia)]
·嗅觉异常[heterosmia]
·嗅觉测定[measurement of olfaction]
·嗅觉倒错（嗅幻觉）[paraosmia (olfactory hallucination]
·嗅觉缺失[anosmia]
14、口腔粘膜与唇[mucosa of mouth and lips]
·口腔（唇）[oral cavity (lips)]
·口瘢痕挛缩[cicatricial contracture of mouth]
·口疮[aphtha]
·口角[angle of mouth]
·唇（口角）干裂[cheilosis (angular cheilosis)]
·皱裂[ehagades]
·口裂[oral fissure]
·干燥（湿润）[dry (moist)]
·口唇干燥[xerocheilia (desiccation fissure)]
·口臭[halitosis (ozostomia)]
·口唇（腔）疱疹[herpes labialis (of mouth)]
·口唇肥厚[lips pachynsis]
·口角糜烂[perleche]
·口腔坏疽[oral gangrene]
·柯泼力克氏斑[Koplik’s spots]
·口腔白斑（溃疡形成）[oral leukoplakia (ulceration)]
·口水（口涎增多）[saliva (ptyalism)]
·口周苍白（雀斑）[circum-oral pallor (freckle)]
·闭口困难[open bite (closure lips irreducible)]
·张口受阻（困难）[limitation (difficulty) of mouth opening]
15、牙齿[tooth]
·牙表面[tooth surface]
·牙不齐[odontoloxy (alignment disorder,malalignment)]
·牙发育不全（异常）[metodontiasis (dysplasia dentalis)]
·牙根折断[dental root fracture]
·牙齿缺失[anodontia (absence of the tooth)]
·牙脱落[odontoptosis (lose a tooth)]
·缺齿[missing teeth]
·残根[residual root]
·牙松动[odontoseisis (loosening of the tooth)]
·牙垫[bite-block]
·牙磨损[tooth abrasion]
·牙骨质增生[hypercementosis]
·牙冠破裂[cracking of crown]
·牙石[odontolith (tartar,dental calculus)]
·牙列拥挤[crowded dentition]
2024年3月18日发(作者：定葛)
13、浅表淋巴结[superficial lymph nodes]
·浅表淋巴结未扪及[be no palpable superficial lymph nodes (…
can not be palpated)]
·淋巴结肿大[enlarged lymph nodes (lymphnode enlargement)]
·部位[site]
▲全身（局部）[general (local)]
▲耳前（后）淋巴结[pre(post)-auricular nodes]
▲枕后淋巴结[occipital nodes]
▲颏下淋巴结[submental nodes]
▲下颌淋巴结[submaxillary nodes]
▲颈前（后）淋巴结[anterior (posterior) cervical nodes]
▲锁骨上淋巴结[supraclavicular nodes]
▲滑车上淋巴结[epitrochlear nodes]
▲腋窝上（内侧，前，后，外侧）淋巴结[axillary top
(medial,anterior,posterior,lateral)]
▲腹股沟淋巴结（横组，纵组）[inguinal nodes (transverse
group,longitudinal group) lymphnode]
·大小[size]
▲4×2cm大小[4 by 2 cm in diameter (size)]
▲米粒（豌豆，核桃，小指，拇指，拳头，手掌，鸡蛋）大
小[size of a rice grain
(pea,walnut,small,ringer,thumb,fist,palm,hen’s egg)]
▲针头大小[pinhead size]
▲苹果大小[size of an apple]
▲小孩头（成人大小）[size of a(n) infant’s(man’s) head]
·形态[shape]
▲不规则[irregular]
▲结节（颗粒、纺锤）状的[tuberous (granular,spindle-shaped)]
▲光滑（粗糙）的[smooth (coarse)]
▲平坦（凹凸不平）的[flat (uneven)]
▲球（椭园，卵园，园）形的[globular (elliptical,oval,circular)]
·硬度和活动度[hardness and mobility]
▲硬（软）[hard (soft)]
▲石头（骨）样硬[of stone-like (bone-like)]
▲可活动（固定）的[movable (fixed)]
▲与周围组织（结构）固定[be fixed to the surrounding tissues
(structures)]
▲压痛[tenderness]
▲融合（粘连）[fusion (adhesion)]
▲肿胀（疤痕）[swelling (fistula)]
第七章 体检（头颈部）[Physical examination(head and neck)]
1、头颅[cranium,skull]
·头颅变形[deforming skull]
·头形（围）[head contour (circumference)]
·小颅（尖颅，巨颅）[microcephalism (acrocephalia,large skull)]
·长（短）头[dolichocephalia (brachycephalism)]
·方（塔）颅[squared (tower) skull]
·落日现象[sitting sun phenomenon]
·颅缝[cranial suture]
·前（后）囟门[anterior (posterior) fontanel]
·囟门膨出（塌陷）[bulging (edpressed) fontanel]
·囟门晚（早）闭[delayded (earlier) closure of the fontanel]
2、眼球[eyeball]
·眼球浮动[ocular bobbing]
·眼球破裂[eyeball rupture]
·眼球穿孔伤[ocular-perforating injury]
·眼球内异物[intralcular foreign body]
·眼距增宽（变窄）[ocular hypertelorism (hypotelorism)]
·眼球萎缩[atrophy of eyeball]
·眼球突出（凹陷）[exophthalmos (enophthalmos)]
·眼球震颤[nystagmus]
·眼球固定[eyeball fixation (stare)]
·眼球活动受限[limitation of eye movement]
·假眼[ocular prosthesis]
·眼外肌运动[extraocular movements]
3、眼睑[eyelids]
·睑内（外）翻[entropion (ectropion)]
·流泪[lacrimation]
·上睑下垂[ptosis]
·眼睑痉挛（松驰）[blepharospasm (blepharo-chalasis)]
·眼睑水肿（红肿）[edema (redness and swelling) of the eyelids]
·瞬目过少[nictitation diminution(lid lag )]
·瞬目过多[frequent nictitation (blinking)]
·眼裂缩小（增宽）[blepharophimosis (blepharodia stasis)]
·眼睑充血[blepharal hyperemia]
·泪囊[lacrimal sac ]
·睫毛反射[eyelash reflexes]
·压眶反射[reaction to pressure on the supraocular notch]
·皱眉（皱额，闭目）[raise eyebrows (wrinkle forehead,force
eyelids closing)]
4、结膜[conjunctive]
·结膜反射[conjunctival reflexes]
·充血[congestion]
·红（白）[redness (pallor)]
·球结膜水肿[chemosis]
·结膜滤泡（滤泡增生）[conjunctival follicle (folliculosis)]
·沙眼[trachoma]
·胬肉[pterygium]
·水样（脓性）分泌物[watery (purulent) discharge]
5、角膜和巩膜[cornea and sclerae]
·角膜反射[corneal reflexes]
·角膜混浊[cornea opacity]
·透明（不透明）的[transparent (opaque)]
·异物[foreign body]
·老年环[arcus senilis]
·溃疡（穿孔）[ulcer (perferation)]
·黄染（无黄染）[stained yellow (anicteric)]
6、瞳孔[pupil]
·右眼[OD (oculus dextet)]
·左眼[OS (oculus sinister)]
·2mm大小[2mm in size]
·等大等园[be equal and round ]
·瞳孔大小不一[unevenness of pupils (anisocoria)]
·固定[fixed]
·瞳孔缩小[contraction of pupils (miosis)]
·瞳孔散大[dilation of pupils (platycoria)]
·瞳孔畸形（闭锁）[deformity (seclusion) of pupils]
·直接（间接）对光反射[direct (consensual) response to light]
·瞳孔对光反射（佳）（差）[good (poor) light reflex of pupils]
·对光反射存在[retain light reflexes]
·调节反射[accommodation reflex]
·辐辏反射[convergence reflex]
7、视力和视野[Vision and Visual fields]
·视力模糊（减退，差）[blurred (impaired, poor) Vision]
·弱视[amblyopia]
·复视[double vision (diplopia)]
·斜视[strabismus]
·麻痹性斜视[paralytic squint]
·偏盲[hemiscotosis]
·失明[amaurosis (blindness)]
·夜盲[night blindness]
·色盲[color blindness]
·全色盲[achromatopsia]
·绿（蓝）色盲[achromatopsia green(blue) blindness]
·红-绿色盲[red-green blindness]
·色弱[color weakness]
·远视[far-sightedness (far –sighted,hyeropia)]
·近视[short-sightedness (short-sighted,nearsightedness,myopia)]
·右（左）眼200度[200 degree,OD(OS)]
·左（右）眼视力[OS(OD) vision]
·视野完整[full (intact) visual fields]
·象限视野缺损[tetarfanopia]
·单侧（双颞侧）缺损[unilateral (bitemporal) defect]
·视野缺损[visual field defect]
·视野缩小[contraction of visual field]
8、眼底和眼压[fundus and intraocular pressure]
·眼底镜检查[fundoscopy (ophthalmoscopy)]
·眼底清晰[fundi are clear]
·小动脉（小静脉）[arteriole (venule)]
·小动脉狭窄[narrow arteriole]
·小动脉硬化[arteriolosclerosis]
·微动脉瘤[microaneurysm]
·动静脉压迹[A-V nicking]
·点状（头焰样）出血[punctate (flame) hemorrhage]
·视乳头色素沉着[pigmentation of disc (retina)]
·视神经乳头（视神经）水肿[papilledema (papilloedema)]
·视乳头凹陷（苍白）[excavation (pallor) of optic disc]
·视网膜出血（水肿，渗出）[retinal hemorrhage
(edema,exudation)]
·视网膜色素变性[pigmentary degeneration of retina]
·视网膜剥离[retinodialysis]
·视网膜变性（损伤）[retinal degeneration (injury)]
·测眼压[intraocular pressure measurement]
·眼压升高（降低）[increase (decrease) of intraocular pressure]
9、耳廓和外耳道[pinna and external canal]
·红（肿、痛，压痛）[redness (swelling,pain,tenderness)]
·糜烂（渗出物，脓性分泌物）[erosion (exudate,purulent
discharge)]
·疱疹（瘘管，小水疱，血疱）[herpes (fistula,visicle,blood
blisters)]
·狭窄（闭锁）[stenosis (clausura)]
·耵聍（耵聍栓塞，耵聍过多）[cerumen (ceruminal
impaction,ceruminosis)]
·耳疖[furuncle of ear ]
·耳化脓（溢脓）[otopyosis (otopyorrhea)]
·耳廓假性囊肿[pseudocyst of auricle]
·外耳道异物[foreign body of external auditory canal]
·耵聍钩（钳）[cerumen hook (forceps)]
10、鼓膜[tympanic membrane (drum)]
·光反射[light reflex]
·红色（粉红色，苍白）[be red (pink,pale)]
·鼓膜内陷[otopiesis (indrawing of drum)]
·鼓膜膨出[umbo (bulge of drum)]
·鼓膜穿孔（粘连）[perforation (adherence) of drum]
·中央（周围）性穿孔[central (marginal) perforation]
·鼓膜破裂[myringorupture]
·鼓膜增厚（充血，疤痕，疱疹，肉芽）[hypertrophy
(congestation,scar,herpes,granulation) of drum]
·鼓室积水（血）[hydrotympanum (hematotympanum)]
11、听力[audition (hearing)]
·听觉过敏（减退）[hyperacusis (hypoacusis)]
·听觉不良（迟钝，障碍）[dysacousis (bradyacusia, dysacusis)]
·听觉域[auditory sensation area]
·听力正常[normal hearing]
·听力（觉）迟钝[auditus depression (amblyacousia)]
·听力障碍[dysaudia]
·听力丧失[hearing loss (disability)]
·传导性（神经性，感音神经性）耳聋[conductive
(neural,sensorineural) deafness]
·老年性耳聋[presbycusis]
·音叉试验[tuning fork test]
·秒表（耳语）听力检查[stopwatch (whisper) audiometry]
·韦伯氏试验（骨导偏向试验）[Weber’s test]
·任内氏试验（气骨导听力比较试验）[Rinne’s test]
·施瓦巴赫氏试验（骨导对比试验）[Schwabach’s test]
12、鼻[nose]
·酒渣鼻[rosacea]
·鞍（蛙状）鼻[saddle(frog) nose]
·畸形（肿胀，溃疡）[deformity (swelling,ulcer)]
·鼻翼扇动[flaring (movement) of alae nasi (nasal ala flap)]
·鼻骨骨折[fracture of nasal bone]
·鼻疖[nasal furuncle]
·鼻道狭窄[rhinostenosis (stenosis of nasal canal)]
·流涕[running nose]
·鼻粘膜干燥（苍白，红）[dry (pale,red ) mucosa]
·鼻腔异物[nasal foreign body]
·鼻粘膜萎缩（肥厚，肿胀）[nasal mucosa atrophy
(hypertrophy,swelling)]
·鼻孔（甲）[naris (turbinates)]
·上（中、下）鼻甲[superior (middle,inferior ) turbinates]
·鼻塞[nasal obstruction]
·鼻中隔偏移（穿孔，肿胀，血肿，溃疡）[deviation
(perforation,swelling,hematoma,ulcer) of nasal septum]
·鼻（副鼻）窦[nasal (paranasal) sinus]
·额（上颌，蝶，筛）窦[frontal (maxillary,sphenoid,ethmoid) sinus]
·鼻窦压痛[tenderness over sinuses]
·鼻镜检查[rhinoscopy]
13、嗅觉[smell (scent)]
·嗅觉减退（敏锐）[hyposmia (oxyosmia)]
·嗅觉异常[heterosmia]
·嗅觉测定[measurement of olfaction]
·嗅觉倒错（嗅幻觉）[paraosmia (olfactory hallucination]
·嗅觉缺失[anosmia]
14、口腔粘膜与唇[mucosa of mouth and lips]
·口腔（唇）[oral cavity (lips)]
·口瘢痕挛缩[cicatricial contracture of mouth]
·口疮[aphtha]
·口角[angle of mouth]
·唇（口角）干裂[cheilosis (angular cheilosis)]
·皱裂[ehagades]
·口裂[oral fissure]
·干燥（湿润）[dry (moist)]
·口唇干燥[xerocheilia (desiccation fissure)]
·口臭[halitosis (ozostomia)]
·口唇（腔）疱疹[herpes labialis (of mouth)]
·口唇肥厚[lips pachynsis]
·口角糜烂[perleche]
·口腔坏疽[oral gangrene]
·柯泼力克氏斑[Koplik’s spots]
·口腔白斑（溃疡形成）[oral leukoplakia (ulceration)]
·口水（口涎增多）[saliva (ptyalism)]
·口周苍白（雀斑）[circum-oral pallor (freckle)]
·闭口困难[open bite (closure lips irreducible)]
·张口受阻（困难）[limitation (difficulty) of mouth opening]
15、牙齿[tooth]
·牙表面[tooth surface]
·牙不齐[odontoloxy (alignment disorder,malalignment)]
·牙发育不全（异常）[metodontiasis (dysplasia dentalis)]
·牙根折断[dental root fracture]
·牙齿缺失[anodontia (absence of the tooth)]
·牙脱落[odontoptosis (lose a tooth)]
·缺齿[missing teeth]
·残根[residual root]
·牙松动[odontoseisis (loosening of the tooth)]
·牙垫[bite-block]
·牙磨损[tooth abrasion]
·牙骨质增生[hypercementosis]
·牙冠破裂[cracking of crown]
·牙石[odontolith (tartar,dental calculus)]
·牙列拥挤[crowded dentition]