2022-2023学年上海市行知中学高三上学期期末考试质量检测英语试卷含答案-USB迷|专注于互联网分享

2024年5月9日发(作者：仆玉宸)

2022-2023学年上海市行知中学高三上学期期末质量监测英语试卷

I. Listening Comprehension

略

II. Grammar and Vocabulary (每题 1 分；共 20 分)

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent

and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the

proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Video Games Foster Creativity?

Video games that foster creative freedom can increase creativity under certain conditions,

according to new research from Iowa State University. The experimental study compared the

effect f playing Mine-craft, with or without instruction, to watching a TV show or playing a

race video game. Those ____21____ (give) the freedom to play Mine-craft without instruction

were most creative.

“It’s not just that Mine-craft can help induce creativity. There seems to be something

about choosing to do it that also matters,” said Douglas Gentile, a professor of psychology.

____22____ you are not familiar with the game, Gentile says Mine-craft is like a virtual

Lego world. The game, which has sold more than 100 million copies, allows players to

explore unique worlds and create anything they can imagine. Study

participants randomly assigned to play Mine-craft were split into two groups. The one

receiving instruction was told to play as creatively as possible.

After 40 minutes of play or watching TV, the 352 participants completed several creativity

tasks. ____23____ (measure) creative production, they were asked to draw a creature from a

world much different than Earth. More human like creature scored low for creativity and

those less human-like scored high. Surprisingly, those instructed to be creative while playing

Mine-craft were the ____24____ (creative).

Gentile says there’s no clear explanation for this finding. In the paper published by

Creativity Research Journal, he, Jorge Blanco-Hrrera, lead author and former master’s student

in psychology: and Jeffrey Rokkum, former Ph. D. student in psychology, outlined possible

reasons why the instructed Mine-craft group scored lower. Blanco-Herrera says the

instructions may have changed subjects’ motivation for play.

“____25____ (tell) to be creative may have actually limited their options while playing,

resulting in a less creative experience,” Blanco-Herrera said. “It’s also possible they used all

their ‘creative juices’ while playing and had ____26____ left when it came time to complete

the test.”

Video games can have both harmful and beneficial effects. Gentile’s previous research has

shown the amount, content and context and video games ____27____ (influence) what

players learn through repeated experiences. ____28____ much of Gentile’s research has

focused on aggression or pro-social behavior, he says the same appears to be true for

creativity.

Most video games encourage players to practice some level of creativity. For example, players

may create a character and story for role-playing games or be rewarded for creative strategies

in competitive games. The researchers say even first-person shooter games ____29____

potentially inspire creativity as players think about strategy and look for advantages in

combat.

“The research is starting to tell a more interesting, nuanced picture. Our results are similar to

other gaming research ____30____ ________ you get better at what you practice, but how

you practice might matter just as much, ” Gentile said.

Section B

Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be

used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. spare B. respectable C. exhaust. D. accidental. E. designed. F. critics

G. advocates H. mine I. commercially J. relieving K. theoretically

Major companies are already in pursuit of commercial applications of the new biology.

They dream of placing enzymes(酶)in the automobile to monitor ____31____ and send data

on pollution to a microprocessor that will then adjust the engine. They speak of what The

New York Times calls “Metal-hungry microbes(微生物)that might be used to ____32____

valuable trace metals from ocean water.” They have already demanded and won the right to

patent new life forms.

Nervous ____33____, including many scientists, worry that there is corporate, national,

international, and inter-scientific competition in the entire biotechnological field. They

create images not of oil spills, but of “microbe spills”that could spread disease and destroy

entire populations. The creation and ____34____ release of extremely poisonous microbes,

however, is only one cause for alarm. Completely rational and ____35____ scientists

are talking about possibilities that stagger(动摇)the imagination.

Should we breed people with cow-like stomachs so they can digest grass and hay,

thereby ____36____ the food problem by modifying us to eat lower down on the food chain?

Should we biologically alter workers to fit the job requirement, for example, creating pilots

with faster reaction time or assembly-line workers ____37____ to do our monotonous work

for us? Should we use genetic forecasting to pre-eliminate“unfit” babies? Should we grow

reserve organs for ourselves, each of us having, as it were, a “savings bank” full of

____38____ kidneys, livers or hands?

Wild as these notions may sound, everyone has its ____39____ (and opposers) in the

scientific community as well as its striking commercial application. As two critics of genetic

engineering, Jeremy Rifkin and Ted Howard, state in their book Who Should Play God?

“Broad scale genetic engineering will probably be introduced to America much the same way

as assembly lines, automobiles, vaccines, computers and all the other technologies. As

each new genetic advance becomes ____40____ practical, a new consumer need will be

exploited and a market for the new technology will be created.”

III. Reading Comprehension (41 – 55题，每题1分； 56 – 70题，每题2分；共

45分)

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,

B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Deliberation is not always the best option

Humans have developed over millions of years of evolution to respond to certain

situations without thinking too hard. If your ancestors ___41___ movement in the

undergrowth, they would run first and ask questions later. At the same time, the ___42___ to

analyse and to plan is part of what distinguishes people from other animals.

The question of when to trust your gut(直觉)and when to test your ___43___—whether to

think fast or slow, in the language of Daniel Kahneman, a psychologist—___44___ in the

office as much as it does in the savannah(大草原).

Deliberative thinking is the feature of a well-managed workplace. Strategic changes and

budget discussions are built on rounds of meetings, memos, formulas and presentations.

Processes are increasingly designed to ___45___ instinctive responses. From blind screening

ofjob applicants to using “red-teaming” techniques to pick apart a firm’s plans, precision

___46___ instinct.

Yet instinct also has its place. Some decisions are more connected to emotional responses

and inherently(固有的)less ___47___ to analysis. Does a marketing campaign capture the

___48___ of your company, say, or would this person work well with other people in a team?

In ___49___ customer-service situations, intuition is often a better guide to how to behave

than a script.

Gut instincts can also be ____50____. Plenty of research has shown that intuition

becomes more unfailing with experience. In one well-known experiment, conducted in 2012,

volunteers were asked to ____51____ whether a selection of designer handbags were fake or

real. Some were instructed to operate on instinct and others to deliberate over their decision.

Intuition worked better for those who owned at least three designer handbags; indeed, it

____52____ analysis. The more expert you become, the better your instincts tend to be.

____53____, the real reason to embrace fast thinking is that it is, well, fast.

Instinctive decision-making is often the only way to get through the day. Researchers at

Cornell University once estimated that people make over 200 decisions a day about food

alone. The workplace is ____54____ but a succession of choices, a few big and many small:

what to ____35____, when to intervene, whom to avoid in the lifts and, now, where to work

each day.

41. A. uncovered

A. capacity

43. A. consultation

44. A. integrates

B. spotted

B. motive

B. anticipation

B. matters

C. blocked D. encountered42.

C. reluctance D. urge

C. assumptions

C. works

D. reaction

D. abuses

45. A. bring out B. pick out C. make out D. stamp out

D. boosts 46. A. equals B. comprises

47. A. manageable B. adaptable

C. beats

C. familiar D. sensitive

D. essence

D. neutral

transferred

48. A. attention B. opportunity C. status

49. A. rough B. tough

50. A. improved

D. weakened

C. nervous

B. copied C.

51. A. ensure

assess

B. extinguish C. clarify D.

52. A. undertook B. outperformed C. facilitated

53. A. Likewise

D. Moreover

B. something C.

B. However

D. paralleled

C. Consequently

54. A. anything

D. everything

nothing

55. A. cooperate

D. strive

B. prioritize C. convince

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions

or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.

Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just

read.

(A)

I had always been one of those quiet boys who preferred dreams to the real world. I was,

in addition, absurdly shy, and therefore often mistaken for a fool, which upset me deeply. For

nothing terrified me more than the prospect of correcting a false impression. Though I was

often blamed by mistakes made by my classmates, I never dare to say a word in self-defense. I

would simply go home to hide in a corner and cry. My greatest pleasure was to sit alone,

reading, and let my thoughts drift away in the stories.

My daydreams were in sharp contrast to real life; they were full of adventures and heroic

deeds. They left marks on me. There was, for instance, a book about the history of the

Roman Empire, in which an ambassador, while negotiating a treaty, was told that he was to

accept the terms offered, on pain of death: his response was to plunge his arm into a fire and

continue with his deliberations, in absolute calm. Inspired by his courage, I proceeded to test

my own powers of resilience by plunging my own hand into the fire, only to burn my fingers

badly. I can still see that ambassador, smiling calmly through his pain. Father hated my

reading all the time, and sometimes he threw away my books. Some nights he refused to let

me turn on the light in my bedroom. But I could always find a way, and after he caught me

reading by the light of a string-wick lamp, he gave up and left me to it.

There was a time when I tried my hand at writing; indeed, I even made a few little poems,

but I quickly abandoned my efforts. No matter what I had bottled up inside me, I was

extremely anxious about letting it out, and so my adventures in writing ended. I did, however,

carry on painting. There was, I thought, no risk of revealing anything personal. I just took

something from the outside world and brought it to life on paper. Sometimes I did hide some

personal expression in it, but I made sure that it was visible enough to be seen and trivial

enough to be ignored. The first time I showed my painting to my father, he was caught in

silence for a while and then he breathed deeply, and said:

“My son finally made something.” Then here I am, as a teacher at the Academy of Fine Arts,

wondering how everything happened, from my daydreams to painting.

56. The sentence “They left marks on me.” (in paragraph 2) means ________.

A. daydreams did nothing but hurt the writer badly

B. daydreams influenced the writer's behavior in real life

C. the writer had lasting memory of the books he read

D. the writer couldn't distinguish books form reality

57. The writer gave up writing because ________.

A. it was not as interesting as reading

B. he was too shy to reveal his inner worldC. he couldn't write good works

D. his father didn't like him writing

58. Throughout the passage what can we learn about the writer's father?

A. He was impressed with his son's painting

B. He didn't like the personality of his son.

C. He was touched by his son's persistence in reading.

D. He had a high expectation of his son in writing.

59. The passage is mainly about ________.

A. the power of reading

C. reflection on the start of a career

B. the writer's adventurous daydreams

D. the efforts made to be painter

(B)

“Essential oils can have a major impact on your mood and health. When you apply an oil

to your skin, it affects your physical state. When you inhale them, it affects your mental state,”

says the “grande dame” of aromatherapy Jeanne Rose, author of The Aromatherapy Book:

Applications and

Inhalations.

A few drops of eucalyptus on your skin will help heal a burn and smelling a pine tree

might make you think of childhood Christmases. There are no rules for how to inhale oils.

You can put a few drops on a tissue, or add some to water to spritz around the room or use in

a diffuser(喷雾器)or vaporizer.

Be very careful, however, when applying oils to the skin. Always dilute them in another

oil, like palm, coconut or olive to prevent burns or allergic reactions.

“A rule of thumb is 15 drops per one ounce of cream, oil or lotion,”says Sylla

Sheppard-Hanger, the founder and director of Atlantic institute of Aromatherapy in Tampa,

Florida.

HERE’S THE OIL TO REACH FOR WHEN YOU NEED TO:

Digest a big meal: A few drops of diluted peppermint. “It calms down the

digestive system,”Rose says.

Forget it’s freezing outside: “Conifer oils, like pine, black spruce, cedar and

Christmas fir, can help combat seasonal affective disorder when inhaled,” Rose

says. Citrus oils like orange or tangerine, which are reminders of summertime, are

also good.

Settle down after a big party: Sweet marjoram and lavender are sedatives.

“They’ll knock your kids right out,” Sheppard-Hanger says.