U校园综合英语1选词填空练习附答案-USB迷|专注于互联网分享

2023年12月21日发(作者：宏承平)

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选词填空（15选10）

Botany, the study of plants, has a highly valued position in the history of human

knowledge. From what we have 1) observed of preindustrial (工业化以前的)

societies, a detailed study of plants must have been pretty ancient. Plants are the 2)

basis of food for all living things, even for some other plants. They have always been

3) enormously important to human beings, not only for food, but also for clothing,

weapons, tools, medicines, shelter, and many other 4) purposes. People who lived in

the jungle of the Amazon can recognize a wide 5) range of plants and know their

properties. To them, botany has no name and is probably not even recognized as a

special branch of “knowledge” at all.

However, 6) unfortunately, the more industrialized we become, the farther away

we move from direct contact with plants. Now not many people have a reasonable 7)

amount of botanical knowledge. About10,000 years ago, when our ancestors 8)

discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds could be planted the

next season, the 9) bond between plants and humans was formed. As a result crops

were 10) cultivated. From then on, humans live on the production of plants.

A) uncovered B) discovered C) cultivated D) explored

E) observed F) range G) chain H) bond

I) amount J) number K) resources L) basis

M) purposes N) enormously O) unfortunately

参考答案：

1) observed 2) basis 3) enormously 4) purposes 5) range

6) unfortunately 7) amount 8) discovered 9) bond 10)

cultivated

Some people argue loudly that putting the bright and the not-so-bright children in

the same class can have a bad effect on their development. According to them, it can

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also be quite 1) discouraging for those at the bottom of the class, but we think 2)

otherwise.

We believe it is definitely unfair to 3) classify our children just according to their

4) intellectual abilities. There are quite a lot of 5) disadvantages in doing so. Besides,

it is against our educational purposes to develop the abilities of all our children to the

full.

However, in a mixed-ability class, there are various ways to help all children

develop. Children often work in groups, which gives them the 6) opportunity to learn

to share, to work together, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to

make 7) decisions, to solve personal relationship problems as well as how to think and

to communicate 8) effectively. Our children learn to do their best and we can give

them extra encouragement to 9) attain the goal. Therefore, both their personal

experiences and social skills are 10) enriched since they can learn from the teacher as

well as from each other in a mixed-ability class.

A) injuries B) disadvantages C) opportunity D) decisions

E) projects F) enriched

I) acquire J) attain

M) opposite

参考答案：

1) discouraging 2) otherwise 3) classify 4) intellectual 5)

disadvantages 6) opportunity 7) decisions 8) effectively 9)

attain 10) enriched

Melting sea ice and the earlier-than-normal movement of walruses (海象) have

made scientists worried. Researchers 1) anticipate that this year might bring another

mass migration of animals to shore.

Walruses 2) live on shellfish (贝类动物) and other animals they find by diving to

the seafloor. Normally, the walruses, 3) particularly females with baby walruses, rest

G) classify H) intellectual

L) frightening K) discouraging

N) otherwise O) effectively

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on the floating sea ice during the summer. However, because of the global warming

sea ice melts away and 4) vanishes over the relatively shallower waters where the

walruses can feed. The 5) remaining ice stays only over water that is so deep that the

walruses cannot dive down to the bottom for food. When this happens, the animals 6)

stream back onto the land near shallower water.

In recent years, researchers have found unusual 7) surges of mass migration have

happened at an 8) incredible level, with walruses gathering in a(n) 9) immense

number of more than 40,000. This can 10) strain the local ecosystem (生态系统) as

the animals feed in a limited space, and many, generally the little walruses, get killed

because it is too crowded. A recent study proved that the loss of sea ice was forcing

more animals to swim longer distance, bringing danger to the life of their little ones.

A) flow B) anticipate C) liveD) vanishes

G) incredible H) particularly E) rushes F) immense

I) stream J) await K) strain L) finishes

M) surges N) remaining O) believable

参考答案：

1) anticipate 2) live 3) particularly 4) vanishes 5)

remaining 6) stream 7) surges 8) incredible 9) immense

10) strain

If you feel a shortage of energy, join our Health Club. Fatigue is common for

people to 1) complain of to their doctors. In such cases, you should take a look at the

causes for your tiredness and learn how you can get rid of it.

Firstly, if you have to work hard 24 hours a day, seven days a week with high 2)

efficiency, you will feel tired and bored. The 24/7 push to be productive can wear you

out both physically and 3) emotionally. Your brain needs a break. You can have

mini-breaks that will cheer you up and make your routine a little less routine.

Secondly, if you sit staring at a screen for long periods of time you tend to blink

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(眨眼) less frequently and 4) strain your eyes. Your eyes need a break. Stand up once

in a while to 5) stretch your legs and arms. Frequent breaks with long 6) strides to

your nearby parks will keep your body active and reduce eyestrain.

Finally, gaining as little as five pounds of weight can cause 7) fatigue. Extra

weight also puts extra burden on your heart, which makes you tired. You can 8) dump

the habit of eating junk food and 9) reverse yourself to the basics of healthy eating.

Try to eat smaller 10) portions of food. With each pound of weight you lose, you’ll

feel a rise in energy.

A) reverse B) strip C) strain D) empty

H) emotionally E) portions F) fatigue G) rides

I) reserve J) stretch K) dump L) complain

M) collections N) efficiency O) strides

参考答案：

1) complain 2) efficiency 3) emotionally 4) strain 5)

stretch 6) strides 7) fatigue 8) dump 9) reverse 10)

portions

Science is a complex social activity. Scientific activity is one of the main features

of the modern world and, perhaps more than any other, makes our times 1) distinct

from earlier centuries. Scientific research 2) involves different people doing different

kinds of work. Men and women of all national backgrounds 3) participate in science

and its applications. These people may focus on their efforts on 4) commitment to

scientific knowledge either for theoretical development or for a particular practical

purpose.

As a social activity, science 5) reflects social values and viewpoints. For example,

before the 20th century, women and people of color were not allowed in most of

science by limiting their education and employment 6) opportunities. The 7)

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remarkable few who overcame (克服) those difficulties were unlikely to receive 8)

due respect in the field of science.

Meanwhile, the direction of scientific research is affected by influences within

the culture of science itself, such as the opinion on what questions are most interesting

or what methods are most likely to 9) yield good results. Scientists present their

findings and theories at meetings or in scientific magazines. This 10) enables

scientists to inform others about their work, to expose their ideas to criticism by other

scientists, and to keep updated with scientific developments around the world.

A) participate B) return C) enables D) involves

E) due F) applicable G) opportunities

I) yield

H) commitment

J) reflects K) enrich L) evolve

M) remarkable N) distinct O) assignment

参考答案：

1) distinct 2) involves 3) participate 4) commitment 5)

reflects 6) opportunities 7) remarkable 8) due 9) yield

10) enables

Normally we instinctively enter a state of disagreement whenever we come

across undesirable things, and the unpleasant feeling of disagreement is often 1)

overwhelming. This is our reaction (反应). Why not try non-reaction to 2) shield us

from it? For instance, next time you feel too hot, instead of fanning yourself or

turning on the air-conditioner, see if you can just sit and arouse the feeling of being

warm in a positive way for a few minutes. With a bit of practice, you can put up with

or even 3) ignore almost anything disagreeable to you that you might run into

physically. Once you’re used to the non-reaction method with physical feelings, then

you can 4) apply the same technique to less concrete things: emotions or situations.

Instead of bringing any reaction against them, you can take and accept it with 5) grace

and cool-headedness. Then, you will be free from the 6) awful emotional strain of

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needing to escape. When we have learned to 7) embrace undesirable feelings as if we

had chosen them, the 8) negative circumstances will lose their effect over us. So

remember, life becomes much more 9) agreeable when you stop disagreeing with it.

Keep doing this and you’ll recognize the incredible 10) potential in non-reaction and

feel comfortable with it.

A) apply B) embrace C) cover D) accessible

G) capacity H) potential E) overwhelming F) negative

I) adopt J) shield K) ignore L) agreeable

M) opposing N) awful O) grace

参考答案：

1) overwhelming 2) shield 3) ignore 4) apply 5) grace

6) awful 7) embrace 8) negative 9) agreeable 10) potential

A variety of conditions can affect the success or failure of negotiations (谈判).

The following conditions make success in negotiations more likely.

First, both parties must be willing to participate. If one party is unwilling for the

negotiation, the 1) potential for reaching any agreement will certainly 2) decrease.

Second, people must get ready to discuss. When there is not enough information

3) available, or a negotiation strategy unprepared, people may be 4) reluctant to begin

the discussion.

Third, both parties must have enough interests in common to 5) commit

themselves to a shared decision-making discussion. For people to settle disagreement,

they must have some means to 6) influence the attitudes and behavior from the other

party. To 7) effect a change, they may provide needed information and seek the advice

of experts for help.

Finally, participants must have the 8) authority to make a decision. If not,

negotiations will be limited to an information exchange between the parties. 9)

Furthermore, both parties must have a willingness to 10) compromise. In other words,

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sometimes, to reach a satisfactory conclusion, it is necessary for the parties prepared

to have less than 100 percent of needs or interests satisfied.

A) effect B) affect C) commit D) decrease

E) decline F) influence

I) available

G) compromiseH) concede

L) furthermore

J) applicable K) reluctant

O) potential M) necessity N) authority

参考答案：

1) potential 2) decrease 3) available 4) reluctant 5) commit

6) influence 7) effect 8) authority 9) Furthermore 10)

compromise

Stress sets off an alarm in the brain and the nervous system is aroused to sharpen

the senses, quicken the pulse, deepen breathing and tense the muscles.

Infrequent periods of stress pose little risk. But when stressful situations continue

without being 1) resolved, the body is kept in a constantly active state, which

increases the harm to biological systems. Finally, the body becomes 2) exhausted and

its ability to repair and defend itself can be seriously 3) compromised. As the body’s

self-defense power 4) erodes away, the risk of injury or disease increases.

In the past 20 years, many studies have 5) indicated the relationship between job

stress and a variety of illnesses. Mood and sleep 6) disturbances, upset stomach, and

headache are examples of stress-related problems that are quick to develop and are

commonly seen in these studies. These early 7) indications of job stress are usually

easy to recognize. But the effects of job stress on chronic (慢性的) diseases are more

difficult to 8) identify because chronic diseases take a long time to develop and can be

influenced by many factors other than stress. Nevertheless, 9) evidence is rapidly

increasing to suggest that stress plays a(n) 10) significant role in several types of

chronic health problems – especially cardiovascular (心血管的) disease, and

psychological disorders.

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A) indications B) expressions C) disturbancesD) evidence

E) conflicted F) compromised

I) indicated

M) involved

参考答案：

1) resolved 2) exhausted 3) compromised 4) erodes 5)

indicated 6) disturbances 7) indications 8) identify 9)

evidence 10) significant

Computer use by college students is strongly encouraged, and is required in

some courses. Some courses are now Internet-dependent; that is, the Internet has

become a(n) 1) indispensable part of the course, from syllabuses (教学大纲) to

homework. So, the use of the Internet on college campuses is 2) growing rapidly.

There are so many 3) positive aspects of using this technology, for example, helping

students feel more comfortable with their reading and learning.

Although the Internet is an excellent tool for 4) gathering information and

communicating with people, it has 5) disadvantages and puts those who make it the

center of their lives at 6) risk. This can be bad for those who are unable to 7) balance

their activities on the Internet with other parts of their lives. College students are

particularly easy to be influenced in a(n) 8) negative way by the Internet. Students

have their own psychological and developmental features (特点) and they have

special expectations of the Internet, which may account for their 9) addiction to the

Internet. It only takes a few clicks to move away from their 10) assignments to

computer games or chatting with friends.

Research in this area has just started, but more is needed to understand this

problem fully and to find the most effective treatments.

A) protective B) positive C) disadvantages D) arrangements

G) resolved H) ensured

J) erodes K) identify L) justify

N) exhausted O) significant

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E) addiction F) risk G) advancing H) gathering

L) assignments

I) negative J) effective K) indispensable

M) addition

参考答案：

N) balance O) growing

1) indispensable 2) growing 3) positive 4) gathering 5)

disadvantages 6) risk 7) balance 8) negative 9) addiction

10) assignments

The Internet has changed the way of doing things. It has a stronger 1) impact

than other electronic media on people and is the modern engine of progress; it

presents a fresh 2) approach to online education.

Personal computers and the Internet are rapidly 3) transforming the world into

the Information Age. Already, the Internet is making large amounts of information 4)

available to people at rapid speed. Teachers and students at college will have virtually

immediate 5) access to vast amounts of educational information and a wide range of

learning tools.

The new technology provides students with skills that are 6) essential to success

in modern society. Computer technologies in school will 7) enable students to become

familiar with the necessary tools at an early age. By using the technology well, they

will also 8) acquire better learning skills and become informed citizens and active

community members.

The Internet is a(n) 9) amazing information resource and a powerful

communication tool. It will take the 10) focus of education from the university to the

student. The Internet has come to befriend, live with and beyond both the teacher and

the student.

A) potential B) access C) focus D) impression

E) qualify F) enable G) accountable H) transforming

I) essential J) target K) approach L) impact

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M) acquire N) available

参考答案：

O) amazing

1) impact 2) approach 3) transforming 4) available 5)

access 6) essential 7) enable 8) acquire 9) amazing

10) focus

Living in a family is never easy. Choosing between self-interest and caring for

the family life is one of the most 1) fundamental problems facing all of us. To 2)

overcome the problems, modern societies in general and American society in 3)

particular, have tried to give women and men different moral responsibilities.

Since the rise of industrialization (工业化), women have been expected to 4)

seek personal development in addition to caring for the family. In the 21st Century,

changes in family life have 5) weakened the traditional family responsibilities

between men and women, but the changes are still ongoing.

Women and men today are still facing problems over how to 6) balance between

“independent self” and obligation to the family. Women as wives or mothers must

now obtain economic independence even though they continue to 7) bear the

responsibility for the family. Men as husbands or fathers are no longer the only ones

to support the family as before, but they face new 8) pressures to become more

involved fathers and partners. The young women and men have to 9) adapt to this

changing social environment. Nevertheless, they also have a brilliant chance to

develop new 10) strategies to reshape family life.

A) adopt B) adapt C) bear D) seek

E) weigh F) balance G) overcome H) overwhelm

I) weakened J) strategies K) systems L) pressures

M) fundamental

参考答案：

N) introductoryO) particular

1) fundamental 2) overcome 3) particular 4) seek 5)

weakened 6) balance 7) bear 8) pressures 9) adapt

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10) strategies

What is altruism (利他主义，无私行为)? Altruism is 1) defined as “putting the

needs of all others ahead of oneself.” Basically, it means being 2) extremely generous.

The term was created in the 19th Century by sociologist Auguste Comte, who

believed that individuals had a moral 3) obligation to serve the interest of others. The

term now has become an important topic in the field of psychology and it 4)

emphasizes being unselfish (无私的).

Altruism is also the idea of caring about the 5) welfare of others. It is a virtue in

many cultures although the 6) concept of “others” toward whom such care should be

given can be different from culture to culture. For humans, altruism is the desire to

provide something of 7) value to a person who could be anyone but the self. But

something that 8) benefits other people is not necessarily altruistic. For example, if

one helps out another person with the intention to 9) improve one’s own reputation

(声望), this action would not be 10) regarded as altruistic, but rather as an expression

of self-interest. In short, altruism means helping others without any personal reasons

or purposes.

A) concept B) image C) value D) obligation

E) challenge F) welfare G) extremely H) infrequently

I) defined J) described K) regarded L) emphasizes

M) comforts N) benefits O) improve

参考答案：

1) defined 2) extremely 3) obligation 4) emphasizes 5)

welfare 6) concept 7) value 8) benefits 9) improve

10) regarded

In some society it is the custom for parents to arrange marriages for their

children. The parents of a young man will 1) inquire about their son’s girlfriend. They

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will even meet with the parents of the girl, and if both families are pleased with each

other, a marriage 2) agreement will be made. It doesn’t 3) exaggerate to say that

sometimes the two young people meet for the first time at their wedding.

Most Americans don’t 4) applaud the idea of arranged marriages. However,

American parents also put some 5) pressure on their children to influence their

choices of marriage. Since parents often help their children 6) financially, they feel

that they have the right to help the young couple to select where they will live, or

what kind of furniture they will 7) purchase .

In many cases in the US, social class will 8) determine the choice of marriage

partner. Marriages are usually arranged between people of 9) similar religious,

educational and financial backgrounds. Despite what we see in the movies, in real life,

the son of a bank president 10) rarely marries or even meets a coal miner’s (矿工)

daughter. Americans may not understand arranged marriages, but marriages in the

United States are arranged to some degree.

A) usually B) financially C) commitment

E) purchase

I) rarely

F) chase G) frustrate

D) similar

H) inquire

J) pressure K) agreement L) same

N) exaggerate O) determine M) applaud

参考答案：

1) inquire 2) agreement 3) exaggerate 4) applaud 5)

pressure 6) financially 7) purchase 8) determine 9) similar

10) rarely

For many centuries there was no safety system against poverty and illness. The

Industrial Age saw 1) extensive poverty amongst a rapidly expanding urban

population.

In 1941, William Beveridge, one of Britain’s 2) leading economists and social

reformers, was asked to look at the problems of building a post-war Britain. His report,

known as the “Beveridge Report”, was published in 1942, and it was based on two

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simple 3) elements : universality (普遍性) and comprehensiveness. In other words,

the plan would be applied to everybody because Beveridge wanted to 4) ensure that

people had the basic rights in life.

The report covered the problems that were 5) threatening the society, for

example, education and disease. Churchill’s government took the opportunity to deal

with education first to reduce the number of 6) ignorant people. The 1944 Education

Act (法案) 7) raised the school-leaving age to 16 years old, and also helped make

university 8) entrance easier to new students.

The second act, the 1948 National Assistance Act, 9) introduced a national health

service free to all. Finally, the 1948 Children Act looked not only to child protection

but development of each child’s 10) character and abilities.

As the proposals in the “Beveridge Report” were carried out by the government,

the basis of the modern welfare state was being built.

A) threatening B) ignorant

E) revealed

C) excessive D) ensure

H) entrance F) introduced G) elements

I) leading J) innocent K) extensive L) insure

M) raised N) character

参考答案：

1) extensive 2) leading 3) elements 4) ensure 5)

threatening 6) ignorant 7) raised 8) entrance 9) introduced

10) character

What is meditation(冥想)? Meditation can be traced to the time when the

Buddha (佛), monks (僧侣) 1) retreated into forests and mountains to think quietly

about the truth of the Buddha’s Teaching. Meditation seems not only to help monks in

2) worshiping the Buddha, but can also benefit ordinary people.

Meditation is a skill – a skill of conscious, continuous attention. You already

have part of this skill – what keeps you stressed is your ability to pay 3) sustained

attention to whatever is troubling you. Regular meditation practice can 4) relieve

O) sections

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everyday stresses. You begin by learning to pay 5) deliberate attention to something

pleasant and relaxing, and interrupt and 6) restrain stress-producing thoughts. This

will turn around the effects of stress. Eventually, meditation can improve your health,

7) enhance your creativity, and even slow down the aging 8) process.

Many people who meditate regularly feel that its benefits go well beyond the 9)

relief of stress. They feel that meditation has enabled them to connect with a(n) 10)

inner source of wisdom and meaning. This connection has greatly enriched their lives.

A) relieve B) process C) strain D) sustained

E) retreated

I) relief

F) moderate G) enrich H) enhance

J) access K) restrain L) reversed

M) deliberate N) inner O) worshiping

参考答案：

1) retreated 2) worshiping 3) sustained 4) relieve 5)

deliberate 6) restrain 7) enhance 8) process 9) relief

10) inner

There was a time when real men couldn’t show much interest in how a home

looked inside except the garage or basement workshop. Interior (内部的) design was

once supposed to be the 1) exclusive task for wives. However, if you visit decoration

showrooms today, you will find that it is 2) evident that something has changed.

Men’s interest began to shift indoors when modern technology became 3)

prevailing in media rooms with all that computer stuff. Hot tubs also 4) stimulated

men’s imaginations, and got them into the bathroom. New kitchen 5) devices were as

difficult to handle as cars, and guys began to find them fascinating, too. As for the

bedroom, that 6) tended to be the last preserve (专利) of the wife. However, 7)

elaborate beds that promised a better night’s sleep soon became a popular topic

across the country, and 8) inevitably attracted a great deal of attention from men.

The roles of men and women have changed and there’s a less 9) rigid division

between who’s on top at work and who rules the home, so that, today, the home is

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often a gender-equal space. Both men and women work, both 10) devote their

attention and enthusiasm to home interior and both see home as a peaceful place.

A) elaborate B) rigid C) confined D) prevailing

E) evident F) tended G) scarcely

I) deliberate J) exclusive

H) processes

K) stimulated L) confident

M) devote N) inevitably O) devices

参考答案：

1) exclusive

devices

10) devote

2) evident

6) tended

3) prevailing

7) elaborate

4) stimulated

8) inevitably

9) rigid